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Aiming at the complex network security situation prediction problem,a network security situation prediction model based on improved particle swarm optimization bidirectional long-short term memory(IPSO-BILSTM) network is proposed to improve the convergence speed and prediction accuracy.Firstly,in view of the lack of real situation value in the data set,a situation value calculation method based on attack influence is adopted for situation prediction.Secondly,to address the problems that particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm is prone to fall into local optima and unbalanced search capability,the inertia weights and acceleration factors are improved,and the improved particle swarm optimization(IPSO) algorithm has balanced global and local search capability and faster convergence speed.Finally,IPSO is used to optimize the parameters of bidirectional long short term memory(BiLSTM) network,so as to improve the prediction ability.Experimental results show that the fitting degree of IPSO-BiLSTM can reach 0.994 6,and the fitting effect and convergence speed are better than other models.

In order to solve the problem of low accuracy of traditional network security situation awareness research methods in the case of complex network information,combined with deep learning,this paper proposes a network security situation assessment model based on time factor and composite CNN structure,which combines volume integral solution technology and deep separable technology to form a four layer series composite optimal unit structure.The one-dimensional network data are transformed into two-dimensional matrix and loaded into the neural network model in the form of gray value,so as to give full play to the advantages of convolution neural network.In order to make full use of the time-series relationship between data,time factor is introduced to form fusion data,which makes the network to learn the original data and fusion data with time-series relationship at the same time,the feature extraction ability of the model is increased,the spatial mapping of time-series data is established by using time factor and point convolution,and the integrity of the model structure is increased.Experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed model on two datasets is 92.89% and 92.60% respectively,which is 2%～6% higher than randomfo-rest and LSTM algorithm.

The seed size of castor (Ricinus communis L.) directly affects the yield, and there is a great difference in seed size among different castor varieties. It is of great significance to further study the genetic mechanism of castor seed size traits for the development of castor seed industry. In this study, we used monoecious inbred lines SL1 as male parent, pistillate line HCH1 as female parent 1 (Combination 1), and pistillate line HCH3 as female parent 2 (Combination 2) to construct F2 and BC1 populations, respectively. Firstly, the correlations between seed size traits were analyzed by phenotypic statistics of the two genetic populations. Secondly, based on the phenotypic data of 150 individual plants in F2 population from Combination 1, a high-density genetic map was constructed using genotyping by whole genome sequencing technology (WGS), and QTL analysis was performed for the seed size traits. Finally, the KEGG pathway enrichment and BLAST comparison were performed to determine the candidate genes in the definite QTL region. The results showed that the correlation between seed traits was different among different combinations and populations, and the correlation between seed length and width was the most significant by the pheno-typic analysis. And a total of 18 QTLs were detected for four traits including 2 QTLs for seed length, 5 QTLs for seed width, 4 QTLs for seed thickness, and 7 QTLs for hundred-grain weight, which were distributed on linkage groups 1, 4, 7, 8, 9, and 10, respectively. The LOD values ranged from 3.77 to 7.40, and the contribution of variation rate ranged from 0.71% to 86.20%. Based on these results, six candidate genes (28470.m000435, 29908.m006143, 29848.m004589, 27752.m000045, 29683.m000480, and 29848.m004611) for regulating seed size were screened. This study lays a theoretical foundation for further research on fine mapping and gene cloning, molecular marker-assisted breeding and gene function analysis of castor seed size traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on image annotation by sentences, the cross-media correlations between the images and the texts were constructed to improve the information retrieval accuracy and users' retrieval experiences ultimately. The KDES model was applied to extract image features effectively and the MK-KDES features were obtained in turn by fusing the extracted features in the multiple kernel learning model to interpret the key visual characteristics of the images. A new natural language generation model named word sequence blocks building (WSBB) was designed to evaluate the semantic correlations between the words and the images. And several key words were summarized for generating sentences. According to the semantic correlations and syntactic mode constraints between words, many N gram word sequences were made up of those summarized words to better interpret the images. Finally, sentences were generated by inputting the N gram word sequences into the templates. Experimental results show that, the MK-KDES- 1 feature can focus on describing the key texture and shape characteristics of the images, which helps to improve the BLEU-- scores. Moreover, semantic correlation between the words Is an important premise of improving the BLEU-2 scores as well as the syntactic mode constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the expression and correlation of TCR α β, TCR γ δ and TCR δ 2 in peripheral blood and tumor tissue of colorectal cancer patients, and provide evidence for immunotherapy based on γ δ T cell. Methods The expression of TCR α β, TCR γ δ and TCR δ 2 in peripheral blood, normal intestinal mucosa, paracancerous and carcinoma tissue of colorectal cancer patient were detected with flow cytometry. The correlation between the expression of TCR δ 2 in peripheral blood and TCR γ δ, TCR δ 2 in tissue was analyzed. Results The expression levels of TCR γ δ, TCR δ 2 in peripheral blood were obviously higher than that of the control group. The expression levels of TCR γ δ, TCR δ 2 in paracancerous and carcinoma tissue were higher than those of the normal intestinal mucosa tissue. With the expression of TCR δ 2 in peripheral blood at a high level the expression of TCR γ δ and TCR δ 2 in paracancerous tissues increased simultaneously, whereas the expression of TCR γ δ and TCR δ 2 declined in carcinoma tissue. Conclusions There are correlation between the level of V δ 2 T cell in peripheral blood and the level of γ δ T cell and V δ 2 T cell in carcinoma tissue of colorectal cancer patient, which may provide theoretical evidence for regional intervention therapy of V δ 2 T cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Computer Engineering & Science / Jisuanji Gongcheng yu Kexue is the property of Computer Engineering & Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective The purpose of this paper is to argue for the necessity and possibility of teaching English for medical purpose (EMP) in our university. Methods Students' language aptitudes and learning needs for medical English were investigated by questionnaires, the data about students' achievements on CET-4 and their enrollment on EMP courses were collected, and all data were statistically analyzed. Results 76.84% students on our campus have good language aptitude and 68.5% students have strong desire for EMP. Their CET-4 achievements are improving (the average score for Grade 2011 is 456.09 and 461.53 for Grade 2012, while the accumulative pass rates of CET-4 are 39.28% for Grade 2011 and 45.09% for Grade 2012), which provide a sound foundation for EMP courses. The actual EMP course enrollment is satisfactory. Conclusion It is necessary to reform the present curriculum into the one including EMP courses so that students can maintain their interests in English learning and gain greater benefit for their future careers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To investigate the stress distributions under load in 3 types of all-ceramic continuous crowns of the lower anterior teeth with differential shoulder thickness. METHODS: Cone-beam CT (CBCT) was used to scan the in vitro mandibular central incisors, and achieve three-dimensional finite element model of all-ceramic continuous crowns with different shoulder width by using Mimics, Abaqus software. Different load conditions were simulated based on this model to study the effect of shoulder width variation on finite element analysis of 3 kinds of different all-ceramic materials of incisors fixed continuous crowns of the mandibular. RESULTS: Using CBCT, Mimics 10.01 software and Abaqus 6.11 software, three-dimensional finite element model of all-ceramic continuous crowns of the mandibular incisor, abutment, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone was established. Different ceramic materials and various shoulder width had minor no impact on the equivalent stress peak of periodontal membrane, as well as alveolar bone. With the same shoulder width and large area of vertical loading of 120 N, the tensile stress was the largest in In-Ceram Alumina, followed by In-Ceram Zirconia and the minimum was IPS.Empress II. Under large area loading of 120 N 45° labially, when the material was IPS.Empress II, with the shoulder width increased, the porcelain plate edge of the maximum tensile stress value increased, while the other 2 materials had no obvious change. CONCLUSIONS: Finite element model has good geometric similarity. In the setting range of this study, when the elastic modulus of ceramic materials is bigger, the tensile stress of the continuous crown is larger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a widely used traditional tracking technique in visual surveillance, Mean Shift algorithm has a deficiency in handling moving targets with high speed or large scale change. In order to solve this problem, a bandwidth-adaptive tracking algorithm based on Mean Shift and Kalman prediction was proposed. The algorithm uses Kalman filter to predict the positions of fast moving objects in the successive frame, which are as the initial positions for Mean Shift iteration. Bandwidth trials is utilized to adjust the bandwidth automatically for targets' scale change. The experimental results of pedestrians and vehicle tracking show that our algorithm Is effective and robust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RFID and the Internet of Things' have become one of the most attractive technologies for logistics and supply chain management. Many firms hesitate to invest on RFID. This paper split the whole RFID investment process into three phases: pilot project, expanding to the whole firm, and expanding to the whole supply chain. A RFID investment model was established based on the real options approach and the solving procedure of the model was given. The model and its solving procedure were used in a real case, and the solution is the same with the firm's investment decision. The model can well explain the RFID investment decision in the case, and it is also validated by the case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the deficiencies of the English curriculum for medical graduates and promote the process of teaching reform, through evaluating the English courses and the graduates' ability in Kunming Medical University. Method By using the method of questionnaire, a random sample of graduates was investigated, and the results were tabulated and analyzed by SPSS software. Result Students were not satisfied with the teaching methods and the curriculum, and traditional teaching methods should be changed. Conclusion We should take the "exemption + elective +hierarchical teaching" model in the curriculum, and use effective teaching methods and select appropriate English textbooks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the risk factors of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and its impact on survival., Methods: The clinical data of 347 patients who underwent their first allo-HSCT in our hospital from January 2014 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into EBV ( n =114) and Non-EBV ( n =233) groups according to whether they were infected with EBV. The incidence of EBV infection after allo-HSCT was calculated, and the risk factors of EBV infection were analyzed., Results: A total of 114(32.8%) patients presented EBV infection (all peripheral blood EBV-DNA were positive). EBV infection occurred in 88 patients within 100 days after transplantation, which accounted for 77.2% of all patients with EBV infection. 5 cases (1.44%) were confirmed as post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). The median onset time of patients was 57(7-486) days after transplantation. Multivariate analysis showed that the use of ATG/ATG-F, occurrence of CMV viremia, and grade III-IV aGVHD were risk factors for EBV infection. Furthermore, compared to BUCY, the use of intensified preconditioning regimens containing FA/CA was significantly increased the risk of EBV infection., Conclusion: EBV infection is a common complication after allo-HSCT. Intensified preconditioning regimens, use of ATG/ATG-F, CMV viremia and grade III to IV aGVHD increase the risk of EBV infection after allo-HSCT.

Objective: To explore the effects of pre-transplant controlling nutritional status (CONUT) and post-transplant minimal residual disease (MRD) on prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT)., Methods: The clinical data of 79 patients who received auto-HSCT from 2011 to 2020 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into Low-CONUT group ( n =62) and High-CONUT group ( n =17) according to whether the CONUT score was less than 5. The differences in clinical features, hematopoietic reconstruction, adverse reactions, efficacy and survival between the two groups were compared. In addition, the prognostic risk factors were analyzed and verified by time-dependent ROC curve., Results: The proportions of male patients and bone marrow plasma cells>30% at initial diagnosis in High-CONUT group were both higher than those in Low-CONUT group (both P <0.05). While, there were no significant differences in hematopoietic reconstruction and adverse reactions (>grade 2) between the two groups. The complete response (CR) rate and CR+very good partial response (VGPR) rate before transplantation in Low-CONUT group were both significantly higher than those in High-CONUT group (both P <0.05). After 3 months of transplantation, the CR+VGPR rate still remained an advantage in Low-CONUT group compared with High-CONUT group ( P <0.01), but CR rate did not( P >0.05). The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in Low-CONUT group were both superior to those in High-CONUT group (both P <0.05). Low CONUT score (0-4) before transplantation and negative MRD at 6 months after transplantation were favorable factors affecting OS and PFS (both P <0.05), while the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) high-risk at initial diagnosis and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level>250 U/L before transplantation were only risk factors for PFS (both P <0.05). Time-dependent ROC curve analysis showed that pre-transplant CONUT score and MRD status at 6 months after transplantation could independently or jointly predict 1- and 2-year OS and PFS, and the combined prediction was more effective., Conclusion: The combination of pre-transplant CONUT and post-transplant MRD can better predict the prognosis of MM patients.

To analyze the risk factors for late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis (LOHC) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), the risk factors for the progression of LOHC to severe LOHC, and the effect of LOHC on survival., Methods: The clinical data of 300 patients who underwent allo-HSCT at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2015 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The relevant clinical parameters that may affect the occurance of LOHC after allo-HSCT were selected for univariate and multivariate analysis. Then, the differences in overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) between different groups were analyzed., Results: The results of multivariate analysis showed that the independent risk factors for LOHC after allo-HSCT were as follows: age≤45 years old ( P =0.039), intensified conditioning regimen with fludarabine/cladribine and cytarabine ( P =0.002), albumin≤30 g/L on d30 after transplantation ( P =0.007), CMV-DNA positive ( P =0.028), fungal infection before transplantation ( P =0.026), and the occurrence of grade Ⅱ - Ⅳ aGVHD ( P =0.006). In the transplant patients who have already developed LOHC, the occurance of LOHC within 32 days after transplantation ( P =0.008) and albumin≤30 g/L on d30 after transplantation ( P =0.032) were independent risk factors for the progression to severe LOHC. The OS rate of patients with severe LOHC was significantly lower than that of patients without LOHC ( P =0.041)., Conclusion: For the patients aged≤45 years old and with intensified conditioning regimen, it is necessary to be vigilant about the occurrence of LOHC; For the patients with earlier occurrence of LOHC, it is necessary to be vigilant that it develops into severe LOHC. Early prevention and treatment of LOHC are essential. Regular monitoring of CMV-DNA and albumin levels, highly effective antiviral and antifungal therapies, and prevention of aGVHD are effective measures to prevent the occurrence and development of LOHC.

Objective: To explore the risk factors of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and refractory CMV infection (RCI) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and their influences on survival., Methods: A total of 246 patients who received allo-HSCT from 2015 to 2020 were divided into CMV group (n=67) and non-CMV group (n=179) according to whether they had CMV infection. Patients with CMV infection were further divided into RCI group (n=18) and non-RCI group (n=49) according to whether they had RCI. The risk factors of CMV infection and RCI were analyzed, and the diagnostic significance of Logistics regression model was verified by ROC curve. The differences of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) between groups and the risk factors affecting OS were analyzed., Results: For patients with CMV infection, the median time of the first CMV infection was 48(7-183) days after allo-HSCT, and the median duration was 21 (7-158) days. Older age, EB viremia and gradeⅡ-Ⅳacute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) significantly increased the risk of CMV infection (P=0.032, <0.001 and 0.037, respectively). Risk factors for RCI were EB viremia and the peak value of CMV-DNA at diagnosis≥1×10 4 copies/ml (P=0.039 and 0.006, respectively). White blood cell (WBC)≥4×10 9 /L at 14 days after transplantation was a protective factor for CMV infection and RCI (P=0.013 and 0.014, respectively). The OS rate in CMV group was significantly lower than that in non-CMV group (P=0.033), and also significantly lower in RCI group than that in non-RCI group (P=0.043). Hematopoietic reconstruction was a favorable factor for OS (P<0.001), whereas CMV-DNA≥1.0×10 4 copies/ml within 60 days after transplantation was a risk factor for OS (P=0.005)., Conclusion: The late recovery of WBC and the combination of EB viremia after transplantation are common risk factors for CMV infection and RCI. CMV-DNA load of 1×10 4 copies/ml is an important threshold, higher than which is associated with higher RCI and lower OS risk.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of matched sibling donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in the treatment of young patients with multiple myeloma (MM)., Methods: The clinical data of 8 young patients (median age：46 years) with MM who underwent allo-HSCT from HLA-indentical sibling donors in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2013 to September 2021 were collected, and their survival and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed., Results: All the patients were successfully transplanted, and 7 patients could be evaluated the efficacy after transplantation. The median follow-up time was 35.2 (2.5-84.70) months. The complete response (CR) rate was 2/8 before transplantation and 6/7 after transplantation. Acute GVHD developed in 2 cases and extensive chronic GVHD developed in 1 case. Within 100 days, 1 case died of non-recurrent events, and 1-year and 2-year disease-free survival were 6 and 5 cases, respectively. At the end of follow-up, all the 5 patients who survived for more than 2 years survived, and the longest disease-free survival time has reached 84 months., Conclusion: With the development of new drugs, HLA-matched sibling donor allo-HSCT may be a curable treatment for young patients with MM.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of haploid allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(haplo-HSCT) in the treatment of severe aplastic anemia (SAA), and to explore the efficacy different between post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT/Cy) and standard-dose ATG., Methods: The clinical data of 38 patients with SAA in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2019 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The efficacy was evaluated. The patients with haplo-HSCT were divided into low-dose ATG combined with PT/Cy group and standard-dose ATG group, and the blood cell hematopoietic reconstruction time, GVHD incidence, mortality and survival time of the patients in the two groups was compared., Results: Among the 32 patients, hematopoietic reconstitution were detected in 9375%(30/32) recipients. The median time of neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 15(10-22) days and 13(7-30) days, respectively. The incidence of GVHD was 21.89%, the incidence of infection was 93.75%, and the 2-year overall survival rate was 84.38%. The hematopoietic reconstitution time, incidence of GVHD, mortality rate and survival time were no statistical differences between the patients in the two groups(all P>0.05)., Conclusion: Haplo-HSCT is an effective method for the treatment of SAA，low-dose ATG combined with PT/Cy can lighten the economic burden on patients, it would be a feasible treatment plan for SAA with light side effect.

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in acute leukemia., Methods: 81 cases of patients with AL treated with allo-HSCT in Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University form July 2015 to July 2018 was selected and retorspectively analyed. of which 79 patients were in CR and two patients were in non-CR. The CR group was further divided into two groups of MRD + and MRD - based on the MRD level prior to HSCT., Results: Among 81 patients, there were statistically significant differences in the three-year overall survival(OS) (CR 82.2%: NCR 0%), cumulative relapse incidence(RI) (CR 17.7%; NCR 100%) and leukemia-free survival rate(LFS) (CR 42.3%: NCR 0%) between CR and NCR group(P<0.05). Among 79 CR patients, MRD was negative in 30 patients while positive in 49 patients, there was significant differences in the three-year overall survival between MRD - and MRD + group. The results of univariate analysis showed that the MRD + group showed lower LFS compared with that of MRD - group （10.5% vs 36.2%）(P＜0.001，95%CI)., Conclusion: MRD - patients shows longer LFS as compared with that of MRD + patients, therefore, MRD monitoring by MFC before allo-HSCT is very important for the prognosis of the AL patients.

Objective: To investigate the distribution of Colton and Diego rare blood group antigens of blood donors in Chinese Xinjiang minorities., Methods: A multiplex PCR was applied to screen for alleles antigens Di a and Co b in 1020 randomly selected healthy donors of Chinese Xinjiang minorities by using each 5 samples mixed detection method. The samples in the positive pools were further tested individually. Furthermore, the positive samples, including Di (a+b-) /Di (a+b+) and Co (a-b+) / Co (a+b+) genotypes were tested via 2 PCR-SSP assays for high frequency allele Di b and Co a to get the rare genotypes Di (b-) , Co (a-) ., Results: Among 1020 samples 12 cases with Co b+ allele, 45 cases with Di (a+b+) and 1 case with Di (a+b-) were identified., Conclusion: The frequencies of Di a and Co b alleles are 2.30% and 0.59%, respectively. The information of rare blood donors obtained from the screening can provide a reference for matched blood transfusion, and further enrich the National Rare Blood Bank of China.

Objective: To study the relationship of the expression of FOXA1 in the prostate cancer (PCa) tissue with the Gleason score and clinical staging of PCa and with castration-resistant PCa (CRPC)., Methods: Using the immunohistochemical method, we detected the expressions of FOXA1 and Ki-67 in the pathological sections of 35 cases of PCa and 21 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Then we analyzed their correlation with the Gleason score and TNM staging of PCa and that with CRPC., Results: The positive expression of FOXA1 was significantly higher in the PCa than in the BPH tissue (P < 0.001) and was positively correlated with that of Ki-67 (P < 0.001) as well as with the Gleason score (P = 0.027) and clinical staging of PCa (P = 0.002), but showed no correlation with CRPC (P = 0.391)., Conclusion: The positive expression of FOXA1 is increased in PCa, most significantly in the advanced stage of the tumor.

Objective: To establish a effective and rapid method by Ethidium Monoazide Bromide(EMA) in combination with PCR(EMA-PCR) for thedetection of live Pseudomrnonas aeruginosa., Methods: The oprI gene was used as the target gene for PCR detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and PCR amplification was carried out by utilizing its pure isolates as the template. Sensitivity, EMA concentration and exposure time were optimized., Results: The sensitivity of PCR detection was 3 X 10(3) CFU/mIL, exposure time was 10 min. when the EMA concentration was not more than 5 μg/mLI, no obvious inhibition to the amplification of DNA derived from viable bacteria was observed. The PCR amplification of DNA derived from 3 X 10(6) CFU/mL dead cells could be inhibited effectively by EMA at the final concentration of 1 μg/mL. The results demonstrated the establised method could detect 1% live bacteria from a mixed bacterial population., Conclusion: EMA-PCR can detect live bacteria of Pseudomonas aeruginosa effectively and avoid false positive result of the PCR detection.

Purpose: To investigate the stress distributions under load in 3 types of all-ceramic continuous crowns of the lower anterior teeth with differential shoulder thickness., Methods: Cone-beam CT (CBCT) was used to scan the in vitro mandibular central incisors, and achieve three-dimensional finite element model of all-ceramic continuous crowns with different shoulder width by using Mimics, Abaqus software. Different load conditions were simulated based on this model to study the effect of shoulder width variation on finite element analysis of 3 kinds of different all-ceramic materials of incisors fixed continuous crowns of the mandibular., Results: Using CBCT, Mimics10.01 software and Abaqus 6.11 software, three-dimensional finite element model of all-ceramic continuous crowns of the mandibular incisor, abutment, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone was established. Different ceramic materials and various shoulder width had minor no impact on the equivalent stress peak of periodontal membrane, as well as alveolar bone. With the same shoulder width and large area of vertical loading of 120 N, the tensile stress was the largest in In-Ceram Alumina, followed by In-Ceram Zirconia and the minimum was IPS.Empress II. Under large area loading of 120 N 45° labially, when the material was IPS.Empress II, with the shoulder width increased, the porcelain plate edge of the maximum tensile stress value increased, while the other 2 materials had no obvious change., Conclusions: Finite element model has good geometric similarity. In the setting range of this study, when the elastic modulus of ceramic materials is bigger, the tensile stress of the continuous crown is larger. Supported by Research Project of Department of Education, Jiangxi Province (GJJ09130).

Objective: To identify factors that can effectively predict the efficacy of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)., Methods: From January 2007 to September 2012, 78 patients with ITP underwent laparoscopic splenectomy were retrospectively analyzed. According to the postoperative platelet (PLT) count and haemorrhagic manifestations, they were divided into effective group and ineffective group. Nine influencing factors were univariate analyzed and multivariate analyzed., Results: In effective group (65 cases) and ineffective group (13 cases), average PLT count of 1 day before surgery was 47×10(9)/L vs. 21×10(9)/L, average operative time was (166 ± 46) minutes vs. (139 ± 29) minutes. Univariate analysis result: PLT count of 1 day before surgery (Z = -2.776, P = 0.005) and operative time (t = 2.723, P = 0.011) was statistically significant in 2 groups, the rest factors did not significantly influence the result. Multivariate analysis revealed that only PLT count of 1 day before surgery was statistically significant (OR = 0.964, 95%CI: 0.932-0.997, P = 0.031) in 2 groups, but operative time (P = 0.051) was not statistically significant., Conclusions: PLT count of 1 day before surgery is a predict factor in LS for ITP. Because of the limited sample number, further multi-center prospective study with large sample is warrant.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and causes of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged ≥ 50 years in Longyao County, Hebei Province, China., Methods: It was a population-based cross-section study.Geographically defined cluster sampling was used in randomly selecting 5527 individuals aged ≥ 50 years in Longyao County. The survey was preceded by a pilot study where operational methods were refined and quality assurance evaluation was carried out. All participants were enumerated through village registers followed door-to-door visits.Eligible individuals were invited to receive visual acuity measurement and eye examination. Prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was calculated according to different age, gender or education. And the reasons of blindness were analyzed.Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE Statistical Software, release 9.0. Chi-square test was used to investigate the association of age, gender and education with presenting and best corrected visual acuity., Results: Five thousands five hundreds and twenty-seven individuals were enumerated and 5051 persons were examined, the response rate was 91.39%. Based on the criteria of World Health Organization visual impairment classification in 1973, the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as best corrected visual acuity was 1.05% (53/5051) and 3.46% (175/5051) respectively. The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as presenting visual acuity was 1.48% (75/5051) and 7.94% (401/5051) respectively. The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was higher in aged (trend χ(2) = 897.27, P = 0.000) , female (χ(2) = 30.32, P = 0.000), illiterate (trend χ(2) = 83.20, P = 0.000) persons. Cataract was still the first leading cause of blindness. Un-corrected refractive error also was the main cause of visual impairment., Conclusions: The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment is relatively lower among China Nine Province Survey. The first leading cause of blindness and visual impairment is still cataract.

Objective: To investigate the long-term outcome of CO₂ laser microsurgery for laryngeal cancer., Methods: Seventy patients with laryngeal cancer were treated with CO₂ laser microsurgery. All patients were followed up for at least 36 months (36 - 108 months)., Results: During the 36-108 months follow-up, 64 patients were alive, and 6 patients died of recurrence. The total 5-year survival rate was 91.4%, 5-year local control rate was 81.4%, 5-year local recurrence rate was 18.6%, and the neck metastasis rate was 4.3%. All survivals had normal breathing and good phonation., Conclusions: The long-term outcomes of CO₂ laser microsurgery for laryngeal cancer are good, with rapid recovery and few complications, well protected laryngeal function and quite good quality of life. Laser surgery should be the priority of treatment for early stage laryngeal cancer. However, laser surgery for advanced laryngeal cancers and supraglottic laryngeal cancers should be carefully chosen.

To describe epidemiologic characteristics of norovirus infection and its genotype in Shenzhen area of 2010. Stool specimens were collected from four monitoring point and detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PT-PCR). Positive PCR products were purified and sequenced, and the sequences were performed by Clustal W and MEGA 4.0 programs, then genotype was identified and phylogenetic tree was constructed. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that 79 strains of NV belonged to norovirus genogroup II and 6 belonged to genogroup 1 of all 85 positive products. While 55 strains belonged to G II/4(2006b), 16 strains belonged to G II/4(2008 variant), 2 strains belonged to G II /1, 4 strains belonged to G II/5, 2 strains belonged to G II/11, 1 strain belonged to GII/4, 2 strains belonged to GII/5, 3 strains belonged to GI/6. The main genogroups of norovirus in Shenzhen ware GI and G II. G II /4 was one of the most major genotype of norovirus , while G II /4(2006b) variant was identified as the predominant strain in Shenzhen area.

Objective: To compare the structures and functions of rabbit bladder after partial bladder outlet obstruction versus without ischemia so as to explore the effects of ischemia on bladder pathogenesis in rabbits with partial bladder outlet obstruction., Methods: A total of 64 mature male rabbits were divided into 4 groups (n = 16 each). Four of each group underwent operation to establish an ischemic animal model (ischemia group), another 4 underwent operation to establish a partial bladder outlet obstruction animal model (obstruct group), the other 4 underwent operation to establish an ischemic and partial bladder outlet obstruction animal model (combination group) and the remaining 4 underwent a sham operation as control. The rabbits in 4 groups were evaluated at Week 1, 2, 4 and 8 post-operation respectively. The weight of bladder, the thickness of mucosal, submucosa, muscular layer and placenta percreta and the activities of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase citrate synthase of cystic smooth muscle were detected respectively. MASSON staining was used to observe the smooth muscle and collagen in stroma of bladder and S-100 staining for observing the neurons in bladder., Results: In obstruct and combination groups, the weights of bladder at week 1 were (5.10 ± 0.29) g and (4.80 ± 0.37) g respectively. They were both significantly higher than control group [(1.93 ± 0.17) g, all P < 0.05]. The weights of bladder in obstruct and combination groups peaked at Week 4 and they were (18.48 ± 2.03) g and (12.35 ± 0.39) g respectively. The weight of bladder in obstruct group was significantly heavier than combination group in the same terms. And they were both significantly heavier than control and ischemia groups (all P < 0.05). Muscular tissue vicariously thickened during the first 4 weeks, and collagen and stroma increased at Week 4 in obstruct group. Muscular tissue, collagen and stroma all increased initially. But at Week 2 only collagen and stroma increased in combination group. Compare with control group, the other groups all have deletion of neurons, especially in combination group. The activities of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase and citrate synthase of cystic smooth muscle of obstruct group peaked at Week 4. In combination group, the activities of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase and citrate synthase of cystic smooth muscle were decreased over 2 - 8 weeks. In the same terms, the activities of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase and citrate synthase of cystic smooth muscle in control group were significantly higher than those in obstruct and combination groups (all P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Ischemia can reduce the tolerance of bladder and aggravate the impairment of bladder to partial outlet obstruction.

Objective: Genetic evolution of VP1 of enterovirus type 71 in Shenzhen were analyzed., Methods: All samples were tested by RT-PCR using EV71 specific primer. The VP1 of EV71 were amplified and sequenced. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by comparison of the sequences with subgenotype A, B and C using DNAStar, BioEdit and Mega 3.1 software., Results: Among 35 strains, the homogeneity of the VP1 nucleotide sequence was between 92.1%-100%. The homogeneity of the VP1 nucleotide sequence with subgenotype A and B was between 81.4% -91.1%. The VP1 nucleotide sequence of 35 strains of Shenzhen shared between 93% -97.4% identity with cluster C4. The prevalence strains of EV71 were cluster C4b from 1998 to 2004, and gradually moved to C4a since 2003. All of EV71 were C4b from 2006 to 2008. Also, the homogeneity of the VP1 nucleotide sequence with Anhui FY23 EV71 strain were 94.5% -94.7%, 95.7% -95.8%, 96.2%, 95.4% -97.5%, 96.3% -99.2% from 2003 to 2008. It shows that the homogeneity was increased year by year. There was a mutation (A --> C) at No. 66 nucleotide of VP1 of EV71 that two strains were isolated in 2003 and 8 strains in 2008, that caused amino acid mutation (Q --> H) at No. 22 of VP1., Conclusion: EV71 C4b was gradually moved to C4a from 1998 to 2008. There was a missense mutation at No. 66 nucleotide of VP1.

Objective: To discuss the clinical characteristics and treatments for chondrosarcoma of paranasal sinus and the skull base., Methods: The clinical characteristics of chondrosarcoma of paranasal sinus and skull base in 7 patients underwent endoscopic surgeries between 2001 and 2008 were analyzed. Of the patients, 4 men and 3 women. The patients' age ranged from 18 to 47 years, with a median of 31 years., Clinical Symptoms: stuffy, nose bleeding, runny, headache, diplopia, eye outreach limited, blurred vision and even blindness. Surgery methods: under nasal endoscopy, after the attachment sites of the tumors to normal tissues were confirmed, the tumors were peeled off along the clear boundary between the tumors and normal tissues, and the potential residual tumor tissues on bones were cleared by a drill., Results: The patients were followed up postoperatively for 24 to 108 months, with a median of 36 months. Five of 7 patients were no recurrence, 2 were alive with tumor., Conclusions: Chondrosarcoma of paranasal sinus and skull base can be treated by nasal endoscopic surgery, with good clinical outcome.

In this study, three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with high and low levels of resistant starch contents each were selected to obtain 15 F1 combinations from a diallel cross without reciprocals to be used to study the inheritance of resistant starch content. The results of this study are useful to select new wheat cultivar with high level of resistant starch content. Annong 90202 and D68-20 were the best among the wheat cultivars tested for general combining ability of resistant starch content, which significantly increased the resistant starch content in its progenies. The specific combining ability of Annong 90202 x 04 Dan 28 and 06-5 x D68-20 were the best among the F1 combinations, and the values of specific combining ability effects were significantly higher than other combinations. The inheritance of resistant starch content fitted the additive-dominance model, and the degree of dominance was super dominance. The alleles for increasing resistant starch content were recessive. The distribution of alleles for increasing and reducing resistant starch contents in the parental lines was not even. The number of recessive alleles for resistant starch content was greater than the dominant alleles. Annong 90202 and 04 Dan 28 had more recessive genes controlling resistant starch content, while Ningchun 18 and Xinchun 5 had more dominant genes. The narrow sense heritability of resistant starch content was 36.49%.

Time-series MODIS NDVI datasets from 2000 to 2008 were used to study the spatial change trend, fluctuation degree, and occurrence time of the annual NDVImax of four typical grassland types, i.e., lowland meadow, temperate steppe, temperate meadow steppe, and upland meadow, in Hulunber Grassland. In 2000-2008, the vegetation in Hulunber Grassland presented an obvious deterioration trend. The mean annual NDVImax of the four grassland types had a great fluctuation, especially in temperate steppe where the maximum change in the mean value of annual NDVImax approximated to 50%. As for the area change of different grade grasslands, the areas with NDVImax between 0.4 and 1 accounted for about 91% of the total grassland area, which suggested the good vegetation coverage in the Grassland. However, though the areas with NDVImax values in (0.4, 0.8) showed an increasing trend, the areas with NDVImax values in (0.2, 0.4) and (0.8, 1) decreased greatly in the study period. Overall, the deteriorating grassland took up about 66.25% of the total area, and the restoring grassland took the rest. There was about 62.85% of the grassland whose NDVImax occurred between the 193rd day and the 225th day in each year, indicating that this period was the most important vegetation growth season in Hulunber Grassland.

Objective: To explore the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on reperfusion arrhythmias in rats and identify the possible mechanism involved., Methods: Forty-five SD rats were randomized into a sham-operated group and 4 cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury groups, which were further divided into IR group, LY294002 group, EPO group, and EPO+LY294002 group. Cardiac IR injury was induced in the 4 IR injury groups by ligating the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery (LAD) for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 3 h, with subsequent treatments accordingly. The occurrence of arrhythmias was monitored and scored during experiment, and the levels of serum CK-MB and cTnI were detected. The content of MDA in the myocardium was determined by thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method, and the content of SOD by xanthine oxidase method., Results: The arrhythmia score in EPO group was significantly lower than those in IR, LY294002 and EPO+ LY294002 groups (P<0.05). The levels of serum CK-MB and cTnI were significantly lower in EPO group than in the other 3 IR groups (P<0.001). The EPO group showed also significantly lower MDA content (P<0.001) and higher SOD content than the other 3 IR groups (P<0.001)., Conclusion: EPO at the dose of 1000 mg/kg decreases the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias in rats, and this effect can be attenuated by LY294002 pretreatment, suggesting that the cardioprotective effect of EPO involves antioxidation mediated by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway.

An automatic inspection system for biochip's print quality is presented in this paper. It consists of an automatic mechanical control, a CCD sensor for getting the image of PET boart, and the special computer software for image processing and recognition. Experimental results indicate that this system is capable of providing a precise and effective realtime inspection for biochips' print quality.

Aim: To construct the vector stably expressing small hair RNA(shRNA) and investigate the effect of shRNA expressed with DNA vector on HBV replication and expression., Methods: The vector expressing shRNA designated pU6 was constructed by U6 promoter. The sequence of shRNA targeting on specific region of HBV genome against HBV was designed and synthesized, then cloned into pU6. The plasmid designated pU6B/HBVi was transfected into 2.2.15 cells using Lipofectamine 2000 reagent. The HBsAg and HBeAg in the supernatants of the transfected cells were measured by ELISA. The HBV copies in the transfected cells were measured by quantitative PCR., Results: Compared with controls, not only concentration of HBsAg and HBeAg but also HBV copies in transfected 2.2.15 cells decreased significantly by the plasmid expressing shRNA against HBV., Conclusion: HBV replication and expression in 2.2.15 cells are inhibited by stably expressed shRNA.

Objective: To determine the polymorphism in +252 site of tumor necrosis factor-beta(TNF-beta) gene in patients with or without endometriosis, to evaluate the levels of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta in the serum with or without endometriosis, to explore the relation between polymorphism of TNF-beta gene and the genetic susceptibility of endometriosis, and to explore the pathogenic mechanism of endometriosis at gene level., Methods: By polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, polymorphism on +252 site of TNF-beta gene was measured in 82 patients with endometriosis (the endometriosis group) and 80 patients without endometriosis (the control group). With the sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the levels of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta in the serum of the two groups were determined., Results: The TNF-beta level in the serum in the endometriosis group with TNF-beta gene +252 site AA genotype significantly increased, compared with GG genotype (t=2.029, P<0.05); while TNF-alpha and TNF-beta level in the serum had no statistical significance in patients with other genotypes in TNF-beta gene +252 site in the endometriosis group and the control group., Conclusion: TNF-beta gene +252 site AA genotype might be enhance TNF-beta level in the serum of patients with endometriosis.

Objective: To study the polymorphism of +252 site in intron 1 of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-beta gene in relation to genetic susceptibility of endometriosis., Methods: Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was employed to detect the polymorphism of +252 site in intron 1 of TNF-beta gene in 82 Chinese Han patients with endometriosis in Guangdong Province and 80 Han patients without endometriosis (control group), and the relation between TNF gene polymorphism and the risk of endometriosis was analyzed., Results: The +252 site of TNF-beta allele and genotype distribution showed significant difference between endometriosis and control groups (Chi2=6.562, P<0.05; chi2=6.562, P<0.05), and relative risk of endometriosis in relation to allele A was increased by 1.793 fold. The risk of endometriosis was 3.33-fold higher in women of AA genotype than those of GG genotype (Chi2=6.562, P<0.05)., Conclusions: Allele A in TNF-beta gene +252 site can significantly increase the relative risk of endometriosis in women in Guangdong, among which TNF-beta AA genotype might be one of the genetic susceptible factors for endometriosis.

Aim: To construct the phage antibody library for Fab fragment from a convalescent patient infected with SARS coronavirus., Methods: Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with SARS virus-specific IgG antibody and was transcribed reversely into cDNA. Using the cDNA as template, Fd and light chain of Fab genes were amplified by PCR with specific primer and were cloned into phagemid pComb3. Then the recombinant phagemid was electroporated into E.coli XL-1 Blue. The recombinant rate was detected by enzyme digestion analysis, and library repertoire was determined., Results: The antibody library of Fab fragment from a convalescent patient infected with SARS conronavirus was constructed. The recombinant rate of light chain and heavy chain of Fd gene were 91% and 75%, respectively. The library size was 7.23 x 10(7)., Conclusion: Phage antibody library for human Fab fragment has been constructed successfully, which lays the foundation for further study.

Objective: To develop toxin targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor II (VEGF-II/KDR) fused with a KDR-binling peptide screened from peptide library., Methods: By affinity to KDR molecular which expressed specifically by new born vascular endothelial cell, peptides to KDR were screened from C7 peptide library by phage display. Among them, a peptide binding to KDR with high affinity termed as P5 was selected and fused to the N-terminal of Shiga toxin subunit A (StxA). The protein (P5-StxA) was expressed in E. coli., Results: ELISA and Western blot were applied to characterize the binding interaction between the fusion protein, P5-StxA and KDR. Cytotoxicity assay showed that P5-StxA maintained similar toxicity to cell as StxA. In the model of angiogenesis, P5-StxA inhibited selectively VEGF-induced growth of preexisting vessels of the chick chorioallantoic membrane., Conclusion: These studies demonstrate the small peptide, P5, maybe be used as carrier of toxin targeting to KDR.

Aim: To express the recombinant angiogenin protein in mammalian cells., Methods: Human ANG full-length cDNA was obtained by chemical synthesis. The target gene ANG was inserted into eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-C2. The recombinant plasmid was transfected into the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via Lipofectin transfection. The expression of ANG gene in transfected HUVECs was detected by fluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemical staining., Results: DNA sequencing showed the sequence of the synthetic ANG was correct and amino acid sequence of ANG was right. The green fluorescence could be seen in transfected HUVECs under fluorescence microscope. Immunohistochemical staining detection showed that ANG expressed in transfected cells., Conclusion: Human ANG full-length cDNA has been obtained. The ANG protein was expressed in mammalian cells successfully.

Objective: To evaluate the short-term bone fusion after implantation of composite biosynthetic bone made of coralline hydroxyapatite composite (CHC) as a substitute for autologous bone grafting., Methods: A clinical sequential trial was designed and the biosynthetic bone and the patient's ilium were respectively used in the treatment of femoral nonunions and interbody fusion. X-ray examinations were performed 10 weeks after the operations and the bone fusion was graded according to Lane-Sandhu's method., Results: The biosynthetic bone was capable of bone fusion as observed in this experiment. Sequential analysis found that the upper bound was reached when the X-ray examination scores of 15th pairs were transcribed in the chart with 2 pairs of cases dismissed for having the same grade., Conclusion: The bone fusion effect of CHC is better than auto-grafting judging from the present observation at 10 weeks after operation.

Objective: To investigate the expression profile of angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) mRNA in fibrotic and normal liver tissues., Methods: Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of AT1R mRNA in 18 specimens of fibrotic liver tissues adjacent to liver cancers and 12 normal liver tissue specimens. Specific AT1R product and GAPDH product used as internal control were both amplified by RT-PCR, and the ratio of their integrated optical densities calculated to estimate the relative quantity of AT1R mRNA expression., Results: The relative mRNA expression of AT1R in fibrotic liver tissues was significantly higher than that of normal liver tissues (1.27+/-0.45 vs 0.71+/-0.21, P < 0.01)., Conclusion: AT1R may play an important role in the development of hepatic fibrosis.