Search

[Objective] In order to explore the relationship between the windbreak direction and the prevailing wind erosion direction in the black soil region of Northeast China. [Methods] The basic characteristics of the windbreak in the study area were obtained by remote sensing interpretation and field survey, and the angle of intersection between the windbreak direction and the prevailing wind erosion direction, that is, the wind direction declination angle, was calculated and analyzed by combining the wind speed and wind direction data of 43 meteorological stations in the study area. [Results] The westerly wind in Mengdong black soil sub-region accounted for a large proportion, the wind direction was more concentrated, the prevailing wind erosion direction dominance was strong, the wind direction in the Songnen black soil sub-region was scattered, and the prevailing wind erosion direction dominance was weak. Average windbreak density Songnen black soil sub-area > Mengdong black soil sub-region; The windbreak direction accounted for the largest proportion in the Songnen black soil sub-area was the N-S trend windbreak direction, and there was no obvious regularity in the Mengdong black soil sub-region. In the study area, the proportion of wind declination angle 30° was 70.40%, and the wind protection effect was poor. [Conclusion] The direction of a large number of windbreak in the study area is oblique to the prevailing wind erosion direction, and the protective effect is poor. The results of this study have important reference value for understanding the density and trend of existing windbreak belts, and for further construction and transformation of windbreak.

In the case of sequential mining with single wing arrangement in coal mine working face, the drilling along the working face is easily affected by the support stress of adjacent working faces, leading to drilling failure. At present, research on borehole protection focuses on enhancing the strength of the borehole itself, without proposing solutions to the fundamental factors that affect borehole stability. In order to solve the above problems, a hydraulic fracturing weakening roof borehole protection technology has been proposed. By using hydraulic fracturing to weaken the roof, the peak mining support stress acting on adjacent coal working faces is reduced, and the transmission of high support stress to the surrounding coal bodies in the bedding boreholes is blocked. The entire process of screening is carried out in the bedding boreholes to ensure that the gas escaping from the coal body can enter the bedding boreholes. Numerical simulation is used to analyze the changes in vertical stress and plastic zone of the coal body around the borehole before and after hydraulic fracturing weakening the roof. The results show that by weakening the roof through hydraulic fracturing, the peak vertical stress of the coal body around the borehole decreases from 21.2 MPa to 9.1 MPa, and the plastic zone range of the coal body decreases from 19 m to 11 m. According to the numerical simulation results, hydraulic fracturing parameters are determined and tested on site. The results show that after using hydraulic fracturing weakening roof borehole protection technology, the average volume fraction of gas extraction from boreholes increases from 3.6% to 14.1%. The average mixed flow rate of gas extraction decreases from 1.28 m3/min to 0.464 m3/min. There is no occurrence of coal oxidation and CO production in a large area of bedding boreholes. Therefore, hydraulic fracturing weakening roof borehole protection technology can effectively avoid drilling failure and gas leakage, improve drilling and extraction efficiency, and ensure drilling and extraction safety.

The hydrodynamic performance of propeller is mostly studied in calm water, but the propeller working behind ship is often affected by waves. According to the literature, there is relatively little research on hydrodynamic performance of propeller in waves at present. In view of this, RANS solver based on OpenFOAM is used to calculate and analyze the influence of waves on the thrust and torque of propeller. The results show that time history curves of thrust and torque oscillate under the influence of waves. The disturbance of free surface and the oscillation amplitude of time history curves increase with the decrease of immersion depth and advance coefficient. Compared with the calm water condition, the average thrust and torque of propeller in waves are reduced when the immersion depth and advance coefficient are the same. The computational results are in good agreement with the experimental data.

A new fuel technology named REMIX (REgenerated MIXture of uranium and plutonium oxides) based on the spent nuclear fuel of light water reactors and fast reactors has come into being in the pursuit of closed fuel cycle in many countries. It was first raised in Russia as a possible way to reduce spent nuclear fuel storage. In traditional spent nuclear fuel reprocessing progress, uranium and plutonium are separated after the codecontamination cycle. For REMIX fuel, the uranium and plutonium nuclides from spent nuclear fuel can be used together without a further separation, which brings the benefits in natural uranium consumption reduction and nuclear non-proliferation. This article aims at validating the feasibility of 5 recycles and analyzing the radiation and decay heat characteristics of spent REMIX fuel. The CMS code package was used in core calculation, and the spent nuclear fuel characteristics were calculated through the SNF program in the package. A typical M310 reactor core was chosen as the target reactor in this article, 30% REMIX FA (fuel assembly) loading fuel management for 5 REMIX recycles was primarily researched, in which enriched uranium was added to the reprocessed fuel of uranium and plutonium. The REMIX core, which contains 30% (48 of 157) REMIX FA, meets equilibrium after three cycles while the REMIX FA from the former recycles can be completely replaced by the new REMIX FA manufactured in the next recycles at the same time. The spent REMIX fuel was gathered and mixed with fresh fuel after a 5-year cooling. The radiation and decay heat characteristics of the cooled spent nuclear fuel were analyzed, which helps the design of radiation shielding during separating the dissolved fuel rods and manufacturing new FA. The results show that the 30% REMIX FA loading fuel management plan can be used in the M310 core without changing the basic neutronics and safety design of the reactor. The feasibility of 5 recycles was proved. Although the spent nuclear fuel may be recycled more than 5 times, the nuclides in the spent nuclear fuel of 5th recycle has already made it hard to be reprocessed and used. The radioactivity and heat release rate of the spent nuclear fuel increase with the recycling times, which contributes to the cost increasing of the spent nuclear fuel reprocessing and FA manufacturing. It is also a factor that decreases the economy of further recycling. The gamma power of the spent nuclear fuel reduces due to the reduction of 134Cs and 137Bam in the spent nuclear fuel, which means that the existing MOX FA manufacturing progress can handle the spent REMIX fuel without extra gamma shielding. The results of this article can help the further research of REMIX fuel on the M310 reactor core.

Aiming at the problem that the deployment of transmission paths in MANET(mobile ad hoc network) for SDN(software defined network) requires the controller to issue related flow entries for all nodes on the path,thereby causing that the transmission have to wait for a long-term period,a mechanism for quickly issuing forwarding rules,FDSR(fast-deployed-segment-routing),is proposed.The controller will issue data forwarding rules by adding labels corresponding to the forwarding path on the data packets in the way of segmented routing,and when dealing with the max stack depth problem,use label adhesion technology to divide the entire path into multiple label stacks by algorithm,sending to corresponding forwarding nodes that can quickly inte-ract with the controller node to reduce path configuration time.Experiments show that compared with the OpenFlow distribution method,FDSR in SD-MANET (software defined mobile ad hoc network) can reduce path deployment time and flow table overhead,and can effectively deal with the MSD problem of SR and improve the long path deployment speed of the controller.

In recent years,flying ad-hoc networks with UAVs as nodes have received extensive attention due to their different applications in various fields.In order to meet the quality of service requirements of complex tasks,the routing of flying ad-hoc networks needs to provide sufficient network performance.Compared with omnidirectional routing based on omnidirectional antennas,directional routing based on directional antennas can improve channel utilization and communication range,which can enable flying ad-hoc networks to obtain better network performance and quality of service.In this paper,the advantages and pro-blems brought by the application of directional antennas in flying ad-hoc networks are analyzed.Furthermore,the existing single path directional routing and multi-path directional routing are introduced in detail from the aspects of directional antenna control mechanism,routing algorithm,application scenarios,advantages and disadvantages.What's more,these routing protocols are compared qualitatively in terms of antenna types,control mechanisms,network performance,and key parameters.Finally,the challenges faced in application and future development of the directional routing are discussed.

A low-power transmitter driver for chiplet interconnection was designed and experimentally implemented based on the interchip interconnection standard proposed by the UCIe protocol. The driver circuit adopts a source series terminated (SST) diver, whose power consumption is only 1/4 that of the current mode logic (CML) structure. In add-on, based on adjustable feedforward equalization technology, the driver circuit adjusts the equalization strength for different channel attenuations. By de-emphasizing equalization, it enhances the quality of the transmitted signal, ultimately reducing inter-symbol interference. This circuit was designed under CMOS 28 nm process. The front-end simulation results show that the maximum equalization intensity is --3. 7 dB when the 0. 9 V voltage is supplied. When the 32 Gbps NRZ signal passes through the 21 mm channel (the attenuation at the 16 GHz Nyquist frequency is --2. 37 dB), after adjusting the appropriate equalization intensity, the eye height of the output waveform eye diagram is 253 mV (71.8%), the eye width is 27 ps (87%), and the simulation power consumption is only 4. 0 mW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relative neutron flux density distribution is one of the essential physical parameters of the reactor. Measuring the relative neutron flux density distribution of the annular fuel zero-power reactor core has guiding significance for understanding the physical characteristics of the annular fuel core reactor and conducting safety analysis. In this paper, the γ activity of the gold foil at different positions on the outer surface of the fuel cell after irradiation was measured by foil activation method under polygonal loading of annular fuel core. The axial and radial relative neutron flux density distributions of fuel cell at different positions were obtained, and the measured values were compared with the values calculated by Monte Carlo theory. The results show that the maximum relative deviation between experimental measurement and theoretical calculation is within 12%. The measurement results of relative neutron flux density distribution are in line with the measure design expectations. The existing Monte Carlo analysis methods can better analyze the axial flux density distribution of the components in the reactor. This study provides essential data support for the engineering application of annular fuel.

Blunt vertebral artery injury occurs frequently in forensic practice. However, injuries of the vertebral artery are easily ignored or overlooked because of its relatively deep location. Through literatures review, this paper finds that the manners of blunt vertebral artery injury are varied and one or more injury mechanisms may be involved simultaneously. Patients often undergo immediate or delayed cerebral apoplexy as well as compression and injury of surrounding structures, due to direct injury or secondary aneurysm or dissection, resulting in disability or death. Diseases such as, vertebral atherosclerosis and dysplasia can increase the disability and death risk and the difficulty of forensic identification. In forensic identification, the details of the case should be considered. For cases of suspected vertebral artery injury, in addition to routine examination of intracranial segment, attention should be paid to the examination of extracranial segment. If conditions permit, angiography can be used prior to or during the autopsy to improve the identification efficiency and accuracy of opinions.

Internal carotid arterial system is the main source of blood supply in brain. In forensic identification practice, blunt injures of internal carotid arterial system usually cause complications such as thrombus, aneurysm and arteriovenous fistula, etc. The deaths following delayed cerebral infarction or intracranial haemorrhage are not rare. At present, literature of deaths caused by blunt injuries of internal carotid arterial system mainly consist of case reports in China. This paper reviews related literature and case reports at home and abroad, and summarizes forensic medical features and identification method of the deaths caused by such injuries. The results show that blunt injures of internal carotid arterial system are related to the direct or indirect force on head and neck, which can result in exceed physiological range traction of head and neck, incision following basicranial fracture, etc. Such injuries are common in the cases as mechanical asphyxia, cervical manipulation, traffic accident and fall, etc. The artery should be examined carefully, and the relationship among injury, disease and death should be analysed correctly when no cause of infarction and hemorrhage was found in routine examination of such cases in forensic pratice. Because of the difficulty for exposing the artery completely in autopsy, angiography can be used to infer the location when necessary for improving the scientificity and reliability of the appraisal conclusion.

We examined the vertical distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P) and their ecological stoichiometric ratios in 0-80 cm soil profile under three forest stand types in the middle and lower reaches of the Beijiang River, including broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest, and mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest. The results showed that soil C, N and P contents of the three forest stand types were 12.17-14.25, 1.14-1.31, and 0.27-0.30 g ⋅ kg-1, respectively. The contents of C and N decreased with the increases of soil depth. The content of C and N in each soil layer showed that coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest > coniferous forest > broad-leaved forest. There was no significant difference in P content among the three stand types, and there was no obvious variation in the vertical profile. The soil C/N, C/P, and N/P of the three forest types were 11.2-11.3, 49.0-60.3, and 4.5-5.7, respectively. There was no significant difference in soil C/N among the three stand types. The highest soil C/P and N/P were found in the mixed forest. There was no interaction between soil depth and stand type in affecting soil C, N, P contents and their stoichiometric ratios. There was significant positive correlation between C and N, and between N and C/P in each stand type and soil layer. Soil C/P and N/P had stronger ecological indicating effects on stand types. The coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest was strongly limited by P availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All-optical network has been considered as the ultimate goal of the optical communication network. With the development of liquid crystal and MEMS technologies and the maturity of configurable optical devices such as WSS, all-optical network has once again become the focus of research and application. Based on the technical status and system architecture of the all-optical network, the technical problems to be solved in the all-optical network were discussed, the latest developments in standardization research were sorted out, the typical problems existing in the all-optical network standardization were further analyzed, and its future developments were finally forecasted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the difficult start, unbalanced multi motor driving power and other problems existed in a driving system of the scraper conveyor, a soft start system with a valve controlled filling type hydraulic coupling was researched and developed. The paper introduced the composition, working principle and key technology of the soft start system with the valve controlled filling type hydraulic coupling. A flow field simulation technology was applied to the design of the impeller chamber mode, structure and strength and a high strength copper alloy impeller was successfully researched and developed. Based on a magnetic suspension technology, a floating support structure of the pump wheel component and a worm wheel support structure were designed and a reliability of the matching electric motor and the speed reducer's bearing was improved. A scale inhibiter was set up in a water supply circulated loop to eliminate a coupling operation fault caused by the water scale and to improve the reliability of the coupling operation. With a design on a supply water sealing, an overfilling phenomenon occurred in the operation process of the coupling was completely eliminated. A segmented vertical type combined control valve and water supply system could be applied to realize a selection of an open or close operation for the coupling. The reliable performances of the coupling were approved by the lab experiment and industrial experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Loading spectrum is the basis of the structure and life research of the armored vehicle engine. The armored vehicle is taken as the subject, based on the working process simulation method of diesel engine, multibody system dynamic theory and co-simulation technology, the power performance simulation model was built including the power unit, driven unit and running unit. The model simulated the influence of the operation of the driver and the transient operation condition of the engine, and designed the gear and vehicle speed sensor, and the model is validated by the experiment. Analyzed the load parameters of the engine, and established the loading spectrum of the engine and its components assembly, the method lays the foundation of the dependability design and experiment for the armored vehicle engine based on loading spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the impact of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis on the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells., Methods: (1) Animal experiment: sixteen male C57BL/6 mice were divided into sham operation group (Sham group) and CLP-induced sepsis model group (CLP group) by random number table method, with 8 mice in each group. After 5 days of operation, the jejunal tissues were taken for determination of leucine-rich-repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) and intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The translation of LGR5 was detected by Western blotting. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Ki67) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. IAP level was detected by modified calcium cobalt staining and colorimetry. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of Paneth cell marker molecule lysozyme 1 (LYZ1) and goblet cell marker molecule mucin 2 (MUC2). (2) Cell experiment: IEC6 cells in logarithmic growth stage were divided into blank control group and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group (LPS 5 μg/mL). Twenty-four hours after treatment, PCR and Western blotting were used to analyze the transcription and translation of LGR5. The proliferation of IEC6 cells were detected by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining. The transcription and translation of IAP were detected by PCR and colorimetric method respectively., Results: (1) Animal experiment: the immunohistochemical results showed that the positive rate of Ki67 staining in the jejunal tissue of CLP group was lower than that of Sham group [(41.7±2.5)% vs. (48.7±1.4)%, P = 0.01]. PCR and Western blotting results showed that there were no statistical differences in the mRNA and protein expressions of LGR5 in the jejunal tissue between the CLP group and Sham group (Lgr5 mRNA: 0.7±0.1 vs. 1.0±0.2, P = 0.11; LGR5/β-actin: 0.83±0.17 vs. 0.68±0.19, P = 0.24). The mRNA (0.4±0.1 vs. 1.0±0.1, P < 0.01) and protein (U/g: 47.3±6.0 vs. 73.1±15.3, P < 0.01) levels of IAP in the jejunal tissue were lower in CLP group. Immunofluorescence saining analysis showed that the expressions of LYZ1 and MUC2 in the CLP group were lower than those in the Sham group. (2) Cell experiment: PCR and Western blotting results showed that there was no significant difference in the expression of LGR5 between the LPS group and the blank control group (Lgr5 mRNA: 0.9±0.1 vs. 1.0±0.2, P = 0.33; LGR5/β-actin: 0.71±0.18 vs. 0.69±0.04, P = 0.81). The proliferation rate of IEC6 cells in the LPS group was lower than that in the blank control group, but there was no significant difference [positivity rate of EdU: (40.5±3.8)% vs. (46.5±3.6)%, P = 0.11]. The mRNA (0.5±0.1 vs. 1.0±0.2, P < 0.01) and protein (U/g: 15.0±4.0 vs. 41.2±10.4, P < 0.01) of IAP in the LPS group were lower than those in the blank control group., Conclusions: CLP-induced sepsis inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells, impairing the self-renewal ability of intestinal epithelium.

In this study, the transmittance of tanshinone Ⅱ&#95;A(Tan Ⅱ&#95;A) and cryptotanshinone(CTS) through the blood-prostate barrier and their distributions in the prostate tissue were compared between tanshinone extract(Tan E) treatment group and the corresponding monomer composition group under the equivalent dose conversion in vitro and in vivo. First, the human prostate epithelial cell line RWPE-1 was cultured in vitro for 21 days for the establishment of a blood-prostate barrier model, and the transmission of Tan Ⅱ&#95;A and CTS through the barrier model was investigated after administration of Tan E and corresponding single active components. Second, SD rats were administrated with 700 mg·kg~(-1) Tan E, 29 mg·kg~(-1) CTS, and 50 mg·kg~(-1) Tan Ⅱ&#95;A by gavage, and plasma and prostate tissue samples were collected at the time points of 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The Tan Ⅱ&#95;A and CTS concentrations in the samples were determined. The results showed that in the cell model, the cumulative transmission amounts of CTS and Tan Ⅱ&#95;A in the extract at each time point were higher than those of the corresponding single active components(P&lt;0.01). In rats, after the administration of Tan E, the concentrations of Tan Ⅱ&#95;A and CTS in rat plasma and prostate were higher than those of the corresponding single active components. This study demonstrated that the coexisting components in Tan E promoted the penetration of its main pharmacological components Tan Ⅱ&#95;A and CTS through the blood-prostate barrier. The findings provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the application of Tan E in the clinical treatment of prostate-related diseases.

Objective: To develop a polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) method for simultaneous amplification and identification of the KIR genes among Chinese population., Methods: Peripheral blood samples from 132 healthy donors who had given blood at Shenzhen Blood Center from January 2015 to November 2015 were selected as the study subjects. Based on the polymorphism and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) information of high-resolution KIR alleles in the Chinese population and the IPD-KIR database, specific primers were designed to amplify all the 16 KIR genes and the 2DS4-Normal and 2DS4-Deleted subtypes. The specificity of each pair of PCR primers was verified by using samples with known KIR genotypes. During PCR amplification of the KIR gene, co-amplification the fragment of human growth hormone (HGH) gene by multiplex PCR was used as the internal control to prevent false negative results. A total of 132 samples with known KIR genotypes were randomly selected for blind inspection to verify the reliability of the developed method., Results: The designed primers can specifically amplify the corresponding KIR genes, with clear and bright bands for the internal control and KIR genes. The results of detection are fully consistent with the known results., Conclusion: The KIR PCR-SSP method established in this study can yield accurate results for the identification of the presence of KIR genes.

Talent is one of the basic and strategic supports for building a modern socialist country in all aspects. Since the 1980s, the establishment of forensic medicine major and the cultivation of innovative talents in forensic medicine have become hot topics in higher education in forensic medicine. Over the past 43 years, the forensic medicine team of Shanxi Medical University has adhered to the joint education of public security and colleges, and made collaborative innovation, forming a training mode of "One Combination, Two Highlights, Three Combinations, Four in One" for innovative talents in forensic medicine. It has carried out "5+3/X" integrated reform, and formed a relatively complete talent training innovation mode and management system in teaching, scientific research, identification, major, discipline, team, platform and cultural construction. It has made a historic contribution to China's higher forensic education, accumulated valuable experience for the construction of first-class major and first-class discipline of forensic medicine, and provided strong support for the construction of the national new forensic talent training system. The popularization of this training mode is conducive to the rapid and sustainable development of forensic science, and provides more excellent forensic talents for national building, regional social development and the discipline construction of forensic science.

Objective: To study the influence of clinical nutritional support on the effects of mechanical ventilation (MV), and to find the factors affecting the outcome of patients undergoing MV., Methods: A case-control study was conducted. The clinical data of 235 patients undergoing MV admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 2015 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether weaning successfully within 7 days. The clinical data of patients in the two groups were collected including gender, age, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score, underlying disease, nutritional indicators, nutritional support, and complications. The outcome of withdrawal within 7 days was served as a dependent variable, all observed indicators were served as independent variables, and Logistic regression analysis was carried out to screen the influencing factors of the weaning results within 7 days., Results: 235 patients undergoing MV were enrolled, 128 patients were successfully withdrawn within 7 days, and 107 were unsuccessfully withdrawn. Compared with the successful weaning group, the patients of weaning failure group were older, and had higher APACHE II score and lower albumin (Alb) and hemoglobin (Hb), more patients with internal medical underlying diseases and receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) and mixed nutrition, and the incidences of secondary infection, vomiting, abdominal distension, abnormal bowel sound, gastric retention, and diarrhea were higher. However, there was no statistical significance in gender between the two groups. The variables of statistical significance in univariate analysis were enrolled in the multifactor analysis model showing that age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.269, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.119-1.439, P < 0.001], APACHE II score (OR = 1.643, 95%CI = 1.423-1.897, P < 0.001), internal medical underlying diseases (OR = 6.298, 95%CI = 4.012-9.887, P < 0.001), secondary infection (OR = 8.323, 95%CI = 2.568-26.975, P < 0.001), abdominal distension (OR = 3.368, 95%CI = 1.586-7.152, P = 0.002), abnormal bowel sounds (OR = 2.856, 95%CI = 1.215-6.713, P = 0.017), gastric retention (OR = 1.996, 95%CI = 1.183-3.368, P = 0.010), diarrhea (OR = 3.035, 95%CI = 1.337-6.890, P = 0.008) were risk factors for unsuccessful weaning, and compared with PN, enteral nutrition (EN; OR = 0.191, 95%CI = 0.098-0.372, P < 0.001) and mixed nutrition (OR = 0.375, 95%CI = 0.150-0.938, P = 0.037) were protective factors of successful weaning. The gender, Alb and Hb before and after MV, vomiting, gastrointestinal hemorrhage were not associated with weaning outcome within 7 days., Conclusions: Elder, high APACHE II score, internal medical underlying diseases, or secondary infection, abdominal distension, abnormal bowel sounds, gastric retention, diarrhea were risk factors of weaning failure within 7 days in patients undergoing MV. Compared with PN, EN and mixed nutrition were protective factors for successful weaning. For patients undergoing MV, EN should be performed early in the case of full recovery, hemodynamic stability, and serious metabolic disorders.

Small intestinal hemangioma is a rare condition that can be divided histologically into capillary, cavernous or mixed types, among which the cavernous type is the most common. Here we report a case of small intestinal cavernous hemangioma with chronic hemorrhage in 44-year-old man. The patient complained of weakness and dizziness for 2 years that aggravated 1 month before admission accompanied by intermittent melena. Laboratory tests suggest severe anemia, and computed tomography, gastroscopy and colonoscopy all revealed signs of anemia. Capsule endoscopy detected small intestinal erosions, bleeding lesions and prominent neoplasms. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, in which the segment of the jejunum with lesions was resected. Pathological examination of the resected jejunum identified the neoplasm as cavernous hemangioma of the small intestine, which was the cause of severe anemia.

To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Danhong injection for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF), two researchers electronically searched PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data and VIP databases from the date of establishment to May 2016 for all randomized controlled trials(RCTs) and quasi-RCTs on the use of Danhong injection in patients with IPF. Manual search in relevant journals and search of relevant literature on other websites were also performed. The data extraction and quality assessment of included RCTs and quasi-RCT were conducted by two reviewers independently. Then, Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.3 software. A total of 12 RCTs involving 844 patients were included, 423 cases in experiment group and 421 cases in control group. The results of meta-analysis indicated that the Danhong injection group was superior than the control group in clinical effectiveness(RR=1.36, 95%CI 1.25 to 1.49, P<0.000 01), increased DLCO value(MD=4.25, 95%CI 3.32 to 5.18, P<0.000 01), and increased PaO2 value(MD=14.51, 95%CI 12.35 to 16.68, P<0.000 01). The analysis results showed that Danhong injection could significantly reduce the level of TGF-β1 in serum. There were no serious or frequently happened adverse effects in the Danhong injection group, indicating high safety and good tolerance of Danhong injection in treatment of IPF. The current evidences suggested that Danhong injection in short term use(<12 weeks) could increase clinical effectiveness, improve DLCO and PaO2, and decrease the level of TGF-β1 in serum of IPF patients, with less adverse effects. However, these results should be carefully interpreted due to the low methodology quality and small sample size of trials, and this conclusion had to be further verified by high quality, large scale and double blinded RCTs., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

Objective: To test cathepsin L as a biomarker of myocardial ischemia by examination of cathepsin L expression in plasma after myocardial ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion in rats., Methods: The rat models were established and divided in acute myocardial ischemia model (myocardial ischemia 30 min, 1 h, 2 h groups), ischemia-reperfusion model (ischemia-reperfusion group), and isoflurane-pretreated ischemia-reperfusion model (isoflurane-pretreated group), respectively. Normal control group and sham-operated group were established as contrast. The contents of cathepsin L in plasma were examined by ELISA and myocardial infarction areas were measured after TTC staining., Results: No statistical significant changes were found among the experimental groups compared with the normal control group and sham-operated group (P>0.05). The cathepsin L from the ischemia-reperfusion group increased to 2.37 times compared with the normal control group (P<0.05). The cathepsin L and myocardium infarction size of isoflurane-pretreated group decreased compared with the ischemia-reperfusion group (P<0.05)., Conclusion: The cathepsin L in plasma is not a promising biomarker of acute myocardial ischemia. Isoflurane preconditioning can reduce the cathepsin L in plasma caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury.

The aim is to study the influence of different vegetation types on CO2 fluxes at the same site, taking farmland as the object by using the simple biosphere model (SiB3) , select different vegetation types in Suzhou Dongshan site as input parameters of model to simulate CO2 fluxes, and compare with the observational data in Suzhou Dongshan site during 2011-04-16 to 2011-06-30. Results show that using corn as the site vegetation type input model to simulate CO2 fluxes showed a very good diurnal variation agreement compared to the measured data, but selecting the ordinary crop type input model to simulate CO2 fluxes, CO2 fluxes during the daytime in April and May were undervalued, and CO2 fluxes in June were overvalued; when we select the tea type to input the model, the simulated results significantly overestimated CO2 fluxes during the daytime in May and June. In addition, when using SiB3 model to simulate the daily CO2 fluxes, all three vegetation types input model can effectively simulate daily CO2 fluxes, but not significantly. It shows that choosing the right type vegetation input SiB3 model can effectively simulate the diurnal variation of CO2 fluxes, but can not effectively improve the daily CO2 fluxes simulation.

Objective: To explore the perioperative airway management for transoral surgical lysis in patients with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation and posterior atlantoaxial or occipitocervical fixation., Methods: Thirty patients undergoing surgical lysis through transoral approach with oral endotracheal intubation (OEI group) between September 2009 and June 2010 were recruited. And another 31 patients underwent transoral surgical lysis from December 2008 to August 2009 with percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT group). The time interval from artificial airway establishment to start of operation, the duration of nasogastric feeding, the incidence of respiratory complications and the postoperative length of hospital stay were compared between two groups., Results: The time interval from artificial airway establishment to the start of operation in the OEI group was significantly shorter than that in the PDT group [(39 ± 15) vs (58 ± 16) min, P < 0.01]. The duration for nasogastric feeding in the OEI group was significantly shorter than that in the PDT group [(6.0 ± 1.2) vs (7.9 ± 0.3) days, P < 0.01]. And the postoperative length of hospital stay was also shorter in the OEI group than that in the PDT group [(9.5 ± 1.7) vs (11.8 ± 3.4) days, P < 0.01]., Conclusion: The management of perioperative airway with oral endotracheal intubation may avoid the complications of PDT, improve the utilizing efficiency of operating rooms and shorten the postoperative length of hospital stay.

Objective: To evaluate the use of Delorme procedure for full-thickness rectal prolapse., Methods: A series of 25 patients with full-thickness rectal prolapse were treated by Delorme procedure in four institutions between March 2005 and June 2010. The clinicopathological data were analyzed retrospectively., Results: There were 9 males and 16 females. The mean age was 52(46-72) years old. All the procedures were successfully performed. There were no perioperative deaths. The mean operative time was 65(45-150) min. The intraoperative bleeding was 58(20-200) ml. The mean length of hospital stay was 8.5(5-14) days. Anastomosis dehiscence occurred in 1 patient at post-operative day 7 who was managed under anesthesia. Minor complications occurred in 8(32%) patients, including urinary retention(n=3), intractable pain(n=1), and bowel obstruction(n=4). The follow up time ranged from 2 to 6 years with a median of 3.5 years. Prolapse recurrence was observed in 1(4%) patient during the follow up. The remission rates of fecal incontinence, constipation, bleeding were 37.5%(6/16), 45.5%(5/11), and 15.4%(2/11), respectively. The Wexner incontinence score significantly decreased (median, 5.0 vs. 9.0, P<0.01). The resting pressure and maximum squeeze pressure increased significantly after surgery, while the initial volume and maximal tolerance volume decreased significantly(All P<0.01)., Conclusions: Delorme procedure is safe and easy to perform. The anorectal function is improved after surgery. Therefore it should be considered the procedure of choice for rectal prolapsed.

Objective: To investigate the impact of penile surgery on the erectile function of the patient and to evaluate the role of small-dose vardenafil in restoring the impaired penile erection., Methods: Sixty cases of penile cavernosum surgery were equally and randomly divided into a vardenafil and a control group, the former treated 5 - 7 days after surgery with 10 mg vardenafil every other day, while the latter given vitamin E at 100 mg once a day, both for 12 weeks. The penile erectile function of the patients was evaluated with the IIEF-5 questionnaire before surgery and at 3 and 6 months after vardenafil medication., Results: The mean IIEF-5 scores of the vardenafil group were 18.83 +/- 2.98 and 20.13 +/- 2.98 at 3 and 6 months after vardenafil medication, significantly higher than 14.21 +/- 3.62 before surgery (P > 0.05), while that of the control group was significantly decreased at 3 months as compared with the preoperative score (13.38 +/- 2.82 versus 15.80 +/- 3.02, P < 0.05). The vardenafil group showed the highest IIEF-5 score after surgery (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Long-term administration of small-dose vardenafil after penile surgery helps to restore and maintain penile erectile function.

Objective: To investigate the presentation and the management of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS)., Method: One case of AFRS was reported and the relevant literatures were reviewed. CT scan showed high-attenuation like "cloud and mist", Charcot-Leyden crystals and fungal hyphae were found in nasal smear., Result: The patient removed after a combined therapy of endoscopic sinus surgery, steroids and local antifungal drugs., Conclusion: The diagnosis of AFRS depends on history, the characteristics of CT scanning, pathology, mycologic and immunologic test. The management of surgery, systemic immunotherapy, local antifungal drugs and longer follow up is very important.

Objective: To observe the effects of Gutuo Qingfu Decoction (GQD) via gastro-enteric perfusion on blood level of bacterial 16S rRNA gene in severe multi-traumatic (SMT) patients at early stage., Methods: Sixty SMT patients were assigned to two groups, the 33 in the treated group and the 27 in the control group. They were treated with the same conventional treatment, but different in the gastro-enteric infusion with GOD for the former and saline for the latter. Blood 16SrRNA gene, body temperature, leukocyte count, C-reactive protein (CRP), and blood bacterial culture positive rate on the 3, 6, 9 post-trauma days were detected, and incidences of infective complication and mortality were observed., Results: Body temperature on day 9 in the treated group was significantly lower than in the control group (37.6 +/- 0.12 degrees C vs 38.1 +/- 0.15 degrees C, P < 0.05); so did the CRP level on day 6 (52.4 +/- 6.3 mg/L vs 104.3 +/- 20.1 mg/L, P < 0.05) and day 9 (42.9 + 7.5 mg/L vs 92.5 +/- 17.1 mg/L, P < 0.05), as well as the positive rates of blood 16SrRNA gene on day 6 and 9 (33.3% vs 59.3% and 30.3% vs 77.8%, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). However, the positive rates of blood culture were insignificantly different between the two groups ( P > 0.05). Besides, incidence of infective complication in the treated group was significantly lower than in the control group (30.3% vs 59.3%, P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Early stage gastrointestinal administration of GQD is likely to have benefits for the improvement of intestinal mucosa barrier and reduction of enteric bacterial translocation in SMT patients, and it may also reduce the incidence of infective complication in these patients.

Objective: To study the characteristic of hearing loss in essential hypertension., Method: Sixty-eight cases (136 ears) of patients with essential hypertension were divided into two groups, i.e. group A, patients without retinal arteriosclerosis (35 cases, 70 ears ) and group B, patients with retinal arteriosclerosis (33 cases, 66 ears ). The control group consisted of 30 cases (60 ears) of the same sex and same age. All people were measured by pure tone audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions., Result: The pure tone thresholds measured in group B hypertensive patients were significantly higher than in the normal controls (P<0.05), whereas pure tone thresholds in group A were not different from those in the control group (P>0.05). From 1000 to 8000 Hz, DPOAE amplitudes of hypertensive group A and group B were lower than that in control group (P<0.01). Only on the frequency points of 4000 Hz, the detection rate of DPOAE in group B was lower than that in control group (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Hypertension is a risk factor of degeneration of the hearing apparatus. The hearing function of hypertensive patients has probability to be impaired, although they do not feel hearing loss.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I chain-related gene A (MICA) gene alleles matching rates and graft rejection in small intestine, liver and kidney transplantation., Methods: Genome DNA were extracted from blood samples or pathological sections collected from donors and recipients of living-related transplantation, included 4 cases of small bowel transplantation, 5 cases of liver transplantation and 6 cases of kidney transplantation. The correlation between MICA alleles matching rates and acute graft rejection was analyzed following 13 MICA alleles determination by polymerase chain reaction based on sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP)., Results: HLA zygosity of all donors and recipients was confirmed to be half-matching. The recipients displaying higher matching rates of MICA alleles with donors showed lighter clinical and pathological rejection and longer survival time. On the contrary, recipients with lower matching rates of MICA alleles with donors showed severer clinical and pathological rejection and shorter survival time relatively., Conclusion: Matching rates of MICA alleles has negative relevance to acute rejection, and positive relevance to survival time of recipients in small bowel, liver, and kidney transplantation.

Objective: To find mechanism of tinnitus and explore effective treatment for tinnitus., Method: The 133 tinnitus patients were assigned into two groups by relationship between Distortion product otoacoustic emissions and frequencies of tinnitus: relationship group (73 cases) and non-relationship group (60 cases). All 133 cases were treated with drug, such as injection of Lipo PGE1, Vitamin B1 and Vitamin B12. After 14 days of treatment the efficacy of the medicines in two groups was observed., Result: The effective rate of two groups mentioned above were 75.3% and 36.7% respectively (P < 0.01). Furthermore, effective rate was correlative to the course of the tinnitus., Conclusion: Drug therapy can be a choice for patients who have relationship between DPOAEs and frequencies of tinnitus, especially for acute tinnitus. Personalized treatment should be provided.

Aim: To study the clinical significance of early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of IL-18 by observing its changes in renal allograft recipients with infection, acute rejection and CsA-induced nephrotoxicity., Methods: The sequential monitoring of serum IL-18 in 90 patients was conducted by ELISA technique before and after renal transplantation with 30 healthy people as control., Results: The levels of serum IL-18 levels in the patients for renal transplantation was significantly higher than that in control before operation(P<0.01). The level of serum IL-18 increased on the first day after transplantation, decreased and stabilized after 10 days. However, it maintained the high levels in acute rejection. The level of IL-18 rapidly decreased with effective methylpredmisolone impaction therapy, but persisted at high level when the therapy did not work. IL-18 also increased in infection, but compared with that in CsA-induced nephrotoxicity, there was no significant difference., Conclusion: The sequential monitoring of serum IL-18 in renal allograft recipients is a useful method to make early and differential diagnosis of acute renal rejection.

Objective: To investigate the changes of protein kinase C (PKC) activity and its role in the development of presyrinx state in rabbits., Methods: Presyrinx state was established in 56 rabbits by intra-cisternal injection of kaolin. At 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after the injection, the water content in the upper cervical spinal cord was measured, its pathological changes observed microscopically and the PKC activity determined with substrate phosphorolysis kinase assay., Results: Spinal cord edema occurred in rabbits one day after kaolin injection, with water content of (68.35-/+0.70)%, which increased to (72.70-/+0.88)% on day 3, reaching the peak level of (72.92-/+0.86)% on day 7, followed by gradual decline after 3 weeks [(70.03-/+0.77)%]. The membrane PKC activity increased from 5.67-/+0.26 pmol.mg(-1).min(-1) on day 1 after the injection to reach the peak level on day 7 (13.27-/+3.15 pmol.mg(-1).min(-1)), which was maintained till day 14 with subsequent decrease to 8.85-/+1.56 pmol.mg(-1).min(-1) on day 21. The cytoplasmic PKC activity showed changes of a reverse pattern., Conclusion: In rabbits with experimental presyrinx state, PKC translocation and activation is involved in ischemic spinal edema.

Objective: To investigate the polymorphisms of interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene at position -330 in the promoter region and +114 in the first exon, and to study the polymorphism distribution difference between the Chinese Han and Thai ethnic groups., Methods: Using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, authors detected the single nucleotide polymorphisms at position -330T/G and +114G/T in IL-2 genes of 130 healthy Chinese Han and 105 healthy Thai individuals., Results: The frequency of TT genotype in IL-2 gene at position -330 was 36.9% in Chinese Han or 40.9% in Thai population. The frequency of TG genotype was 53.9% in Chinese Han or 39.1% in Thai population. The frequency of GG genotype was 9.2% in Chinese Han or 20.0% in Thai population. The frequencies of +114 GG, GT and TT genotypes were 20.8%, 55.8% and 23.3% respectively in Chinese Han, but 50.5%, 39.0% and 10.5% respectively in Thai population. The genotype frequencies of -330 and +114 were significantly different between Chinese Han and Thai population (P < 0.05). The genotype frequencies of -330 in Chinese Han were significantly different from those in Thai, Japanese and Spain ethnic groups (P > 0.05). The polymorphisms of + 114 in Chinese Han were significantly different from those in Thai and Spain (P < 0.05), but were similar with that in Japanese (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: IL-2 gene polymorphism in some different populations is significantly different. These differences may be one of the genetic factors contributing to the different pathogenesis, progress and prognosis in some diseases happening among ethnics or regions.

TiNHX1, homologous with the TaNHX1 gene encoding a vacuole Na+/H+ antiporter was cloned from Elytrigia intermedia by RT-PCR, with primers designed according to the sequence of TaNHX1. The largest open reading frame of TiNHX1 gene has 1 641bp in length and encoded a protein of 546 amino acid residues. The estimated molecular weight and isoelectric points of the putative protein was 59.8 kDa and 8.0, respectively. Components of amino acids encoded by TiNHX1 contained 38 basic amino acids, 36 acidic amino acid, 256 hydrophobic amino acids and 129 polar amino acids. The predicted secondary structure composition for the protein has about 44% alpha helixes, 21% extended strand, 4% beta turn and 29% random coil. Hydrophobic analysis indicated that the TiNHX1 contained 10 potential transmembrane segments. Blast result and the phylogenetic analysis showed that TiNHX1, AtNHX1, OsNHX1, GmNHX1, TaNHX1 share a cluster.TiNHX1, homologous with the TaNHX1 gene encoding a vacuole Na+/H+ antiporter was cloned from Elytrigia intermedia by RT-PCR, with primers designed according to the sequence of TaNHX1. The largest open reading frame of TiNHX1 gene has 1 641bp in length and encoded a protein of 546 amino acid residues. The estimated molecular weight and isoelectric points of the putative protein was 59.8 kDa and 8.0, respectively. Components of amino acids encoded by TiNHX1 contained 38 basic amino acids, 36 acidic amino acid, 256 hydrophobic amino acids and 129 polar amino acids. The predicted secondary structure composition for the protein has about 44% alpha helixes, 21% extended strand, 4% beta turn and 29% random coil. Hydrophobic analysis indicated that the TiNHX1 contained 10 potential transmembrane segments. Blast result and the phylogenetic analysis showed that TiNHX1, AtNHX1, OsNHX1, GmNHX1, TaNHX1 share a cluster.

Objective: To investigate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1-alpha) in the heart, lung, liver and kidney in rats died of two typical models of asphyxia., Methods: Two asphyxia models were made and tissue samples of the dead rats were collected from different groups at various postmortem duration. The expression and the changes of HIF1-alpha in various tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry and image analysis techniques. Results Significant expression of HIF1-alpha was observed in the myocardial fibers, kidney cells, liver cells and lung cells in both asphyxia models, but not in the control group. The expression of HIF1-alpha in various tissues in the rat died of nitrogen gas breathing was found in the nuclei at 0 hour and the expression level decreased gradually thereafter. The HIF1-alpha expression level and duration in various tissues of the rat died of hanging were higher and longer than that of the former group, with a peak of the expression level observed 6 hours after death, and then started to decline in all tissues except the heart where the expression still showed an increase 24 hours after death. The control groups showed a steady expression in the cytoplasm but not in the nuclei., Conclusion: HIF1-alpha appears to be a valuable biomarker in the diagnosis of asphyxia within 24 hours after death.

Objective: To investigate the expression of HIF1-alpha in heart and lung tissue died from asphyxia., Methods: The rats model of asphyxia death was constructed by hanging, different asphyxia groups and control group sets were made according the postmortem time (0,2,6,24 h), immunohistochemistry and half-quantitative RT-PCR methods were used to investigate expression of HIF1-alpha and mRNA changes on heart and lung tissue., Results: The positive staining of HIF1-alpha could be observed in the myocardium and lung tissue. Significant differences were found between the groups of asphyxia and their corresponding control group. HIF1-alpha expression was found in all the asphyxia groups while it was only expressed in the control groups of 2 h, 6 h and 24 h. Nucleic positive staining could be detected in all the asphyxia groups but none was found in the control groups. RT-PCR showed that the expression of mRNA between 0 h asphyxia group and 0 h control group were equal in both cardic muscle and lung, but elevated expression in groups of 2,6,24h compared to their control groups., Conclusion: The nuclear positive staining of HIF1-alpha in heart and lung can be a special character of suffocation death.

Objective: To study the effect of triple organ transplantation (liver, kidney, and pancreas) in patient of end-stage liver disease with renal failure and diabetes, and to explore the optimal surgical procedure., Methods: Simultaneous piggyback orthotopic heterotopic liver, pancreas-duodenum, and kidney transplantation was performed on a 43-year-old male patient with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and insulin-dependent diabetes related to chronic pancreatitis (CP) who developed hepatic and renal failure. The pancreatic exocrine secretions were drained enterically to the jejunum. Prednisone, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and ATG were used as immunosuppression therapy., Results: Good liver and pancreas allograft function recovery was achieved within 7 days after the operation. And the recovery of renal allograft function was delayed. The renal allograft was removed because of break-down of renal blood flow 16 days after the transplantation. A new renal transplantation was performed at the same position. The second kidney graft recovered its normal function 3 days later. Up to the writing of this paper no acute rejection of organs and such complications as pancreatitis, thrombosis, and localized infection occurred. The patient became insulin independent with normal liver and renal function., Conclusion: Simultaneous piggyback orthotopic heterotopic liver, pancreas-duodenum, and kidney transplantation can be a good method for the patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and insulin-dependent diabetes combined with hepatic and renal failure.

Objective: To observe the effect of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on plasma B-type natriuretc peptide (BNP) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)., Methods: Thirty-eight patients with AMI were divided into two groups for PCI (n=26) and conventional treatment (n=12). The plasma BNP levels were measured by fluorescence immunoassay (FIA) in these patients immediately, 24 h, 7 d, and 30 days after admission, and the infarct-related coronary arteries (IRA) were treated only with emergency interventional therapy in PCI group., Results: BNP of the patients in the PCI and conventional treatment group B increased immediately and 24 h after admission, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (243.74+/-75.68 vs 228.65+/-82.32 and 283.42+/-88.66 vs 275.48+/-89.67, P>0.05). BNP in PCI group decreased but that in conventional treatment group increased 7 days after admission, showing significant difference between them (203.63+/-59.42 vs 388.74+/-108.52, P<0.05 ). BNP remained significantly lower in the PCI group than in the other group 30 days after admission (96.31+/-43.22 vs 237.66+/-75.48, P<0.01). Emergency PCI for different IRA resulted in the significant difference in BNP between the patients, and intervention of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) resulted in more obvious BNP reduction in comparison with that due to interventional of the right coronary artery (RCA) and left circumflex coronary artery (LCX). The changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) were correlated to the changes of BNP. The mean BNP in the 3 fatal cases was nearly 10-fold higher than the normal level., Conclusions: BNP of AMI patients decreases on days 7 and 30 after reperfusion therapy with primary PCI, and the reduction can be more obvious 30 days after admission.

Objective: To investigate the significance of changes in plasma levels of acute phase proteins (APPs) in patients with sepsis and severe sepsis by serial analysis., Methods: Plasma contents of C reactive protein (CRP), a1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), ceruloplasmin (CER) and haptoglobin (HP) were determined by quantitative analysis in 29 sepsis and 27 severe sepsis patients on 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days using an American made specified protein automatic analyzer IMAGE. The data were compared with those of 30 healthy persons., Results: In sepsis group. CRP and AAG levels were found to be significantly increased on 1 day (P<0.01 and P<0.05). CRP level peaked on 3 days, while that of AAG peaked on 3 to 7 days. The peak of AAG level maintained for 2 weeks. There were significant differences in levels of CRP and AAG at different time points (both P<0.01). CER level was not increased (P>0.05). HP level increased significantly early (P<0.05), but there was no difference in HP between different time intervals (P>0.05). In severe sepsis group there was very marked increase in CRP and AAG different time intervals (both P<0.01). The high levels maintained for 14 days. There was significant difference in CRP and AAG levels between different time intervals (P<0.01).CER showed a tendency of lowering, and significant difference was found among different time points (P<0.05). HP did not increase significantly before 14 days (P>0.05) followed by a slow increase with significant difference among different time points (P<0.05).A comparison of tendency of changes between groups were significant differences in CRP, AAG and HP (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in CER (P>0.05)., Conclusion: Early increase in CRP was a sensitive sign for infection. The extended peaking of CRP and AAG levels indicates severe infection. Absence of increase in HP, or a reduction of it suggests also the presence of severe infection. CER is not a sensitive indicator of severity of infection.

Objective: To study the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and diabetes in the elderly residents in Foshan., Methods: A total of 3 382 people above 60 years old participated in this questionnaire-based survey, with their blood pressure, height, body weight, and blood glucose measured and oral glucose tolerance test performed., Results: The prevalence rates of diabetes in the elderly subjects with obesity, overweight, normal weight, and underweight were 31.58%, 22.84%, 15.65% and 9.40%, respectively. The prevalence rate of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in relation to obesity, overweight, normal weight, and underweight were 67.94%, 56.14%, 46.58% and 38.35%, respectively. A higher mean BMI was accompanied by a greater prevalence of diabetes. The average BMI was 23.9+/-3.3 kg/m(2) in diabetic subjects, 23.4+/-3.4 kg/m(2) in subjects with IGT, and 22.6+/-3.2 kg/m(2) in normal elderly subjects., Conclusion: There is a close correlation between BMI and diabetes.

Objective: To study the treatment technique for harvesting injury of donor blood vessels for the clinic application., Methods: The data of 32 renal transplantation patients with injury of graft blood vessels were retrospectively reviewed. 60 renal transplantation patients with non-injury during the same term were selected as the control group. The treatment techniques for harvesting injury of graft blood vessels mainly includes end-to-end anastomosis of graft artery, side-to-side anastomosis of branch artery, end-to-side anastomosis of branch artery to the main renal artery, reconstruction of multiple segmental arteries by using iliac arterial grafts from cadaveric donors or recipients on the workbench, repairs of injuries for the smaller segmental/polar arteries by using inferior epigastric artery, end-to-end anastomosis of the lower thick segmental/polar arteries with the iliac internal arterial by placing kidney upside down., Results: Those injured included 28 arterial and 4 venous. Average bench surgery time was 42 minutes. Mean warm ischemic time was 31 minutes. No death occurred at an average follow-up of 3.5 years (1 - 5 years). There was no statistical difference in the 1-year graft survival, postoperative 1-year acute rejection, delayed graft function (DGF) and the incidence of constriction of vascular anastomosis rate (96.9%, 12.5%, 21.9%, 3.1%, respectively) compared with non-reconstructed kidneys during the same term (98.3%, 11.7%, 18.3%, 1.7%, P > 0.05, respectively)., Conclusion: The flexible and appropriate application of different vascular reconstruction means and satisfactory surgery techniques play an important role in assuring quality of kidney with harvesting blood vessels injury and donor kidney availability.

We study the polymorphism at DYS605 ,a new tetranucleotide Y-STR locus,in a Chinese Han population of Shanxi to meet the need of more genetic markers in forensic practice and genetic analysis. DNA were extracted from 128 unrelated male venous blood, and amplified using GDB primers. PCR products were detected using non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. Five alleles named 22,21,20,19,18 were observed with frequency of 0.0156;0.1797;0.4531;0.2891;0.0625. PCR products were not found in female DNA. Using a long enough gel for a long electrophoresis time is strongly encouraged because the rung between allele 20 and allele19 is smaller than expected. Allele sequences show that the repetitive units of DYS605 were composed with the variant units and non-variant units.