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Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy of stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR) in treating obstructed defecation syndrome(ODS)., Methods: Clinical data of 95 female patients with ODS undergoing STARR at Department of Colorectal Surgery, Rocket Army General Hospital from February 2010 to August 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. The Cleveland constipation scoring system (CSS), Longo ODS scoring system and severe symptoms score(SSS) were used to evaluate the degree and intensity of clinical symptoms. Patient satisfaction was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS). Clinical symptoms at postoperative 12-month were defined as short-term efficacy, and at the end of follow up (≥48 months) were defined as long-term efficacy., Results: The mean age was 54.5 (29 to 79) years and the median follow-up was 65 (48 to 78) months. Eighty (84.2%) and 44 (46.3%) patients completed the short-term and long-term efficacy evaluation respectively. At the end of follow up, compared with the baseline levels before operation, the CSS score (14.69 vs. 6.02), ODS score (16.51 vs. 5.73) and SSS score (14.64 vs. 5.14) were significantly decreased (all P<0.01), but the VAS score (3.96 vs. 7.20, P<0.01) was significantly increased. A total of 10 patients (22.7%) developed symptomatic recurrence. The self-reported definitive satisfaction was excellent in 10 (22.7%) patients, fairly good in 17(38.6%), good in 9(20.5%), and poor in 8(18.2%). The total effective rate was 81.8%(36/44)., Conclusion: Long-term efficacy of STARR in the treatment of ODS is good, but the rate of symptomatic recurrence is relatively high.