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To address the challenges of fracture recognition in the CT scanning images of coal or rock, particularly the interference of gangue and the recognition of fractures at different scales, proposed and implemented a network model for coal-rock fracture extraction based on deep learning (MCSN). According to the U-Net architecture, the model utilized its encoder-decoder structure and skip connections to segment the fracture structure images from complex coal-rock body images. Firstly, the fracture structures in the CT scanning images were annotated manually using the internal scan images captured by a coal industrial CT scanning system. And the annotated original data was augmented to create a coal-rock CT fracture dataset. Subsequently, to make the extraction network of main features have a stronger extraction capability of fracture structure features, the weights of a pre-trained VGG16 model were transferred to the U-Net encoder through a transfer learning technique. Simultaneously, the decoder part of the U-Net model was improved using the deep separable dilated convolutional modules (DCAC) and residual modules to effectively boost the recognition capability of fracture structures in the CT images, demonstrating a superior segmentation accuracy and robustness. To validate the effectiveness of the coal-rock fracture extraction network model proposed, the results obtained by the MCSN were compared with those of classical convolutional neural networks and threshold segmentation methods. Experimental comparisons revealed a significant advantage of the model proposed in both qualitative and quantitative analyses. The proposed model, employing a multi-scale fusion strategy, demonstrated the capability to effectively extract fractures in complex coal-rock images, thereby enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of fracture identification. The model was applied to the identification of fractures in roadway surrounding rock based on borehole imaging. Fracture extraction was performed through the analysis of borehole videos and planar unfolded images collected by a borehole imaging instrument. The results from both sources were cross-validated to obtain an accurate distribution of fractures in roadway surrounding rock. Furthermore, the model provides guidelines for the injection and sealing of boreholes, increasing volume fraction of coal seam gas extraction.

Objective To analyze the cellular senescence pathways and their associated genes with bioinformatic analysis by screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during embryonic kidney development with aid of transcriptomics in order to explore the relationship between cellular senescence and embryonic kidney development. Methods After the kidney tissues from mice at embryonic age of 14.5 days (E14.5 group) and 18.5 days (E18.5 group) were collected, the kidney tissue structure was observed with periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining, the expression profiles of the related genes during embryonic kidney development were analyzed by transcriptomics, and the changes in the genes related to cellular senescence were further analyzed with bioinformatics. The expression levels of target genes were verified by real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR and Western blotting. Results With the development of the embryonic kidney, the kidney structure gradually matured. The results of transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses revealed that cellular senescence-related genes played an important role in the development of embryonic kidney. The mRNA and protein levels of Cdkn1a(P21), which was correlated with cellular senescence, were significantly higher (P < 0.05), while the mRNA levels of Skp2, Ccne1, Ccnd2, and Cdk4 were decreased in the E18.5 group than the E14.5 group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Obvious changes in the expression levels of cellular senescence-related genes are observed during embryonic kidney development, suggesting that cellular senescence plays an important role in the development.

Aimed at the problem that water droplets are easy to break up during the acceleration process in icing wind tunnel experiment, which makes it difficult for the particle size distribution of water droplets in the test section to conform to the icing weather conditions, the deformation and breakup regime of water droplets with a diameter of 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1 000 and 1 200 μm under the action of different air velocities(20, 50, and 80 m/s) are simulated by using the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The results show that under the action of 20 m/s air flow, the water droplet with a diameter of 600 μm does not break. Under the action of 50 m/s air flow, the water droplet with a diameter of 100 μm does not break. With the increase of Weber number, the wavelength of the most destructive wave also increases, and the breakup regime of water droplets changes from bag breakup to bag-plume breakup, to plume-shear breakup, and to shear breakup successively. The droplet breakup regime, including the bag breakup, bag/plume breakup, the plume/sheet-thinning breakup, and the shear breakup, has a significant effect on the ratio of the area of the largest droplet to the initial droplet. Under the condition that the initial drop diameter is the same, as the inlet velocity increases, the area ratio after breakup increases.

Objective To investigate the effects of the dural puncture epidural(DPE) block combined with programmed intermittent epidural boluses(PIEB) technique for labor analgesia. Methods A total of 180 primiparas delivered in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College from June 2021 to January 2022 were randomly divided into routine epidural block(EPL) combined with PIEB group(EPL group), combined subarachnoid epidural lolock(CSE) with PIEB group(CSE group) and DPE combined with PIEB group(DPE group). After the epidural loading dose was administered, the conventional pulse pump with 0.075% ropivacaine and 0.4 μg/ml sufentanil mixture was respectively placed according to the grouping scheme. In EPL group and DPE group, the analgesia pump was turned on 1 hour after giving loading dose, and the pulse dose was 10 ml each time at a 1-hour interval. In CSE group, the analgesic pump was turned on 1 hour after subarachnoid injection, and the pulse dose was 10ml each time for epidural administration at a 1-hour interval. Visual analog scores(VAS) during uterine contraction were measured before labor analgesia(T0), 10 min(T1)-, 20 min(T2)-, 30 min(T3)-, 60 min(T4)-, 120 min(T5)-after epidural administration, at the full time of the uterine opening(T6) and at the time of fetal delivery(T7). The onset time of effective analgesia, the incidence of breakthrough pain(BTP) and adverse reactions during labor were recorded and compared among three groups. Results There were 59 cases in EPL group, 60 cases in CSE group and 59 cases in DPE group. The onset time of effective analgesia in DPE group and CSE group was significantly faster than that in EPL group, while that in CSE group was significantly faster than that in DPE group(P＜0.017). Compared with EPL group, the rates of patient-controlled combined spinal epidural analgesia (PCEA), requiring rescue analgesia and incomplete sacrococcygeal block, and the hourly consumption of ropivacaine in CSE group and DPE group decreased significantly(P＜0.017). At T1, VAS scores in DPE group and CSE group were significantly lower than that in EPL group(P＜0.05), and in DPE group was statistically higher than that in CSE group(P＜0.05). At T2, VAS score in CSE group was significantly lower than that in EPL group(P＜0.05), and the incidence of pruritus in EPL group and DPE group was significantly lower than that in CSE group(P＜0.017). Conclusion DPE combined with PIEB technology has a faster analgesic effect and a lower incidence of BTP compared with traditional EPL technology and can be safely and effectively used for labor analgesia.

Objective To investigate the role of exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in peritoneal fibrosis induced by high glucose peritoneal dialysis in mice. Methods Thirty-two male C57bl/6 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the normal control, the saline, the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate and the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate+exosome group. A mouse model of peritoneal fibrosis induced by high glucose peritoneal dialysis was established. The mice were sacrificed after 42 d and the specimens were collected. Peritoneal function was detected by modified peritoneal balance test (PET); The expression of peritoneal fibrosis markers was detected by immunohistochemical method; The expression of peritoneal fibrosis factor mRNA was detected by real-time quantitative PCR, and the expression of pro-fibrotic factor was detected by ELISA. Results Compared with the normal control group, the 4.25% peritoneal dialysis group had obviously increased thickness of subcutaneous area of peritoneal mesothelium (P < 0.01). The expression of peritoneal fibrosis markers (α-SMA, collagen-Ⅰ and Collagen-Ⅲ) was significantly increased in the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate group, while the expression of peritoneal fibrosis markers in the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate+exosome group was significantly lower than that in the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate group (P < 0.01). Compared with the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate+exosome group, the ultrafiltration function of mice in the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate+exosome group was significantly improved (P < 0.05). qRT-PCR results showed that the level of peritoneal fibrosis promoting factor TGF-β1 in the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate+exosome group was significantly lower than that in the 4.25% peritoneal dialysate+exosome group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Exosomes derived from BMSCs can effectively reduce peritoneal fibrosis induced by high glucose peritoneal dialysis solution in mice. Exosomes derived from BMSCs may be a new method to inhibit peritoneal fibrosis.

Object initialization method determines how to treat the multi-object tracking problem,being directly related to the subsequent tracking result.Different object initialization methods confirm different multi-object tracking frameworks and each framework provides a way to solve the problem,which makes the object initialization of multi-object tracking a huge research prospect.Currently there are few literature on object initialization methods of multi-target tracking,or lacks a systematic overview of object initialization.Therefore,we analyze the object initialization methods on four aspects:multi-hypothesis tracking,network flow,deep learning and topic discovery.We systematically expound the task conversion and object mapping problems under diffe-rent multi-object tracking frameworks,and summarize the object initialization methods for the multi-object tracking.

BACKGROUND Heavy metal pollution in soil has been a serious threat to human health and ecological environmental safety. Stabilization remediation has become an important means of remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil due to the high efficiency and low cost. Attapulgite modified by alkali with an improved performance, provides an important basis for its stabilization and remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. OBJECTIVES To analyze the changes in physical and chemical properties of attapulgite before and after modification, and to study the effects of attapulgite modified by NaOH on the chemical speciation changes and environmental risks of Cd in contaminated soil, and to explore the stabilization effects of attapulgite modified by NaOH on Cd in the soil. METHODS Different proportions of NaOH were used to modify attapulgite. The surface characteristics, crystal structure and functional groups of the materials were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Stabilization experiments were carried out on artificially prepared heavy metal Cd contaminated soil to study the effects of NaOH-modified attapulgite on the changes of chemical speciation of Cd and environmental risks in contaminated soil. RESULTS By adding the modified material with the mass ratio of NaOH to attapulgite of 1:2, the pH value of the soil was significantly increased by 0.85 units. The exchangeable Cd content decreased by 46.28% and the residual Cd content increased by 1.98 times. The risk assessment code (RAC) and potential risk index (PRI) of Cd in soil decreased the most from 36.70% and 207.90 to 20.08% and 86.40, respectively, which effectively reduced the transfer capacity and environmental risk of Cd in soil. According to SEM, XRD and FTIR analyses, after modification, the surface roughness of attapulgite increased, chemical bonds such as Si-O-Si bonds were opened, so active sites for adsorption of heavy metals increased. Attapulgite modified by alkali immobilized Cd mainly through adsorption, and the reaction of silanol and hydroxide with Cd2+ generated precipitate, so as to achieve the effect of stabilizing and repairing Cd contaminated soil. CONCLUSIONS Alkali-modified attapulgite can effectively stabilize Cd in soil, which has a significant application prospect in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.

COVID-19 highlights the lack of interdisciplinary medical talents. The international history of medical education shows the urgent need of high-level interdisciplinary medical talents. Anchoring the goal to develop a global center of talents and highland of innovation, this article takes medical education of Zhejiang University as an example, focusing on and exploring the training mode of high-level interdisciplinary medical talents in the new era. It includes: firstly, optimizing the training mode of eight-year program for medical doctors with non-medical bachelor degree followed with complete education for a medical doctorate that innovates the curriculum system of clinical medicine; secondly, creating the training system of postdoctor of clinical medicine and integrating medical resources that include high-quality talents and health care system, in order to build a high-quality teaching staff with a interdisciplinarity background and innovative bases. It not only strengthens the residents' competency and frontier creativity, but also ensures the sustainable development of interdisciplinary medical talents. The reform of training mode, curriculum system, teaching staff and clinical teaching bases all contribute to the goal of building a country with interdisciplinary talents that serve the frontier of science and technology in the world, the major needs of the country and people's health in the new era.

A computational model for logical reasoning is proposed based on DNA strand displacement reactions.Firstly,this way does not rely on fluorescent labeling or other DNA experimental technique.The corresponding relationship between the concentration change of DNA strand and the value of Boolean logic signal is realized by building up a special 0-1 function and using less DNA reaction strands and strand displacement reactions as possible as we can.Then the calculation models of basic logical operations "and" "or" "not" are designed based on DNA strand displacement.Furthermore,the basic logical operations can be combined arbitrarily in use of the cascading property of DNA strand displacement,so as to solve different logical reasoning problems.Finally,the feasible solution of satisfiability problem,which is a special logical reasoning problem,is implemented through the simulation.All the DNA strand displacement reaction processes and the concentration changes of related DNA chains can be simulated by the Visual DSD software.

为了对核桃油抗氧化剂的选择提供参考，在核桃油中分别添加复配抗氧化剂、叔丁基对苯二酚（TBHQ）、茶多酚、维生素E等抗氧化剂，采用Schaal烘箱法加速油脂氧化，以过氧化值、酸值、甾醇含量、维生素E含量为考察对象，研究不同抗氧化剂对核桃油氧化稳定性及预测货架期的影响。结果表明，若以过氧化值达到植物油国家标准中的限量值（过氧化值≤0.25 g/100 g）为评价指标，添加复配抗氧化剂、TBHQ、茶多酚、维生素E的核桃油和空白核桃油的预测货架期分别为656、336、320、304 d和160 d，在预测的货架期内，5种核桃油的酸值均在国标要求范围内，甾醇的平均损失率不超过5.0%，维生素E的平均损失率不超过28%。几种抗氧化剂在核桃油中抗氧化效果强弱顺序为复配抗氧化剂＞TBHQ＞茶多酚＞维生素E。 In order to provide a reference for the selection of antioxidants in walnut oil, the effects of different antioxidants on the oxidative stability and predicted shelf life of walnut oil were studied by adding antioxidants such as compound antioxidants, tert butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), tea polyphenols, and vitamin E into walnut oil, accelerating the oxidation of the oil by Schaal oven method, and determining the change of peroxide value, acid value, sterol and vitamin E contents during storage. The results showed that with the peroxide value reached the limit of national standard of vegetable oil (peroxide value ≤ 0.25 g/100 g) as the evaluation index, the predicted shelf life of walnut oil added with compound antioxidants, TBHQ, tea polyphenols, vitamin E and blank walnut oil was 656, 336, 320, 304 d and 160 d, respectively. During the predicted shelf life, the acid values of the five walnut oils were within the required range of national standard, and the average loss rate of sterols was not more than 5.0%, the average loss rate of vitamin E did not exceed 28%. The antioxidant effects of several antioxidants in walnut oil were as follows: compound antioxidant>TBHQ>tea polyphenols>vitamin E.

Safety production management is an important policy for the development of high-risk enterprises such as the construction industry and heavy industry,and safety helmets play a key role in head protection in the production environment.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of helmet wearing.In recent years,the monitoring method of helmet wearing based on image vision has become the main means for enterprises to implement management.How to improve the detection accuracy and speed of helmet wearing is a crucial issue for applications.To deal with this issue,an improved YOLO v4 algorithm is proposed to promote the accuracy and efficiency of safety helmet wearing detection in this paper.First,a 128×128 feature map output is added to the original three feature map outputs of the YOLO v4 algorithm,and the 8 times downsampling of the feature map output is changed to 4 times downsampling to provide more small target features for subsequent feature fusion.Second,the feature fusion module is improved based on the idea of dense connection to realize feature reuse,so that the Yolo Head classifier responsible for small target detection can utilize the features of different levels,to obtain better target detection and classification results.Finally,comparative experiments are carried out.The results show that the average accuracy of the proposed method is 2.96% higher than the original network detection accuracy to be 91.17%,and the detection speed is basically unchanged to be 52.9 frame/s.Thereupon,the proposed algorithm can achieve better detection accuracy while meeting real-time detection requirements,and effectively realize the high-speed and high-precision detection of helmet wearing.

The application of materials with special wettability is a hot research topic in recent years. It is reported that Bi2O3 coating with hydrophobic modification could achieve the reversible conversion of superhydrophobicity to superhydrophilicity under UV-visible light irradiation and dark storage. Based on this finding, the application of Bi2O3 coating in antibacterial and oil-water separation under different wettability was studied. The results show that superhydrophobic surface exhibits good bacterial anti-adhesion effect against E.coli and S.aureus, while superhydrophilic surface shows selectively antibacterial activity. In terms of oil-water separation, the superhydrophobic surface can block water and allow oil pass through the filter with the separation efficiency more than 93%, while the superhydrophilic surface can block oil and allow water pass through the filter after pre-wetting treatment. Therefore, Bi2O3 coating with reversible wettability can be used as an intelligent antibacterial membrane material for oil-water separation, which has potential application in the field of oil-water separation.

Chronic intermittent hypoxia plays an important role in the mechanism of various adverse reactions of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). Epigenetic process participates in the occurrence and development of OSA and complications by affecting adaptive potential and phenotypic variation under chronic intermittent hypoxia. Therefore, understanding the effect of epigenetic regulation on OSA is helpful to provide new ideas for clinical phenotype and targeted therapy of OSA.

Ceria-zirconia-alumina composite oxides CZxA (the molar ratios of Ce, Zr and Al are 1:x:2, x=0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2) fresh samples were prepared by the co-precipitation method. The samples were thermally aged in a flowing air atmosphere and in 10% H2/Ar flow. The structure and performance of the composite oxides were studied by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption (BET), oxygen storage capacity (OSC) measurements, and H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR). The results show that for CZxA samples, with the increase of the content of Zr, no CeAlO3 phase is observed in the CZ1.5A-H2-1100 and CZ2A-H2-1100 samples which are reductively aged at 1100 ℃; the oxygen storage capacity (OSC) is 713 μmol·g-1 and 548 μmol·g-1, respectively, far higher than the 23 μmol·g-1 of CZA-H2-1100; and the hydrogen consumption of H2-TPR is 1995 μmol·g-1 and 2087 μmol·g-1, respectively, while the hydrogen consumption of CZA-H2-1100 was significantly reduced to 310 μmol·g-1. The OSC of CZxA is affected by the formation of CeAlO3 during the reductive treatment, which is consistent with the change result of the hydrogen consumption of H2-TPR. It was found that CA samples are more likely to produce CeAlO3 after reductive treatment, and the CZ1.5A and CZ2A samples doped with a certain amount of Zr elements in CA can inhibit the formation of CeAlO3, thus significantly improve the oxygen storage performance and the hydrogen consumption of H2-TPR of the material. Furthermore, CZxA have better reduction performance at low temperature after reductive treatment.

BACKGROUND Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are classic persistent organic pollutants in the hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere and atmosphere, which have a harmful effect on human health by exchanging and migrating among various environmental media. Breast milk is an ideal biometric to monitor the exposure risk of mothers and infants to PAHs. Earlier research indicated that the residue levels of PAHs in breast milk from Beijing were higher in the world. OBJECTIVES To understand the changes in the residue levels of PAHs in breast milk in the region, the exposure of infants, and the trends and characteristics of the exposure risk of breastfeeding mothers and infants. METHODS For 30 first-delivery women in Beijing, a breast milk sample per month within 180 days postpartum period was collected. The PAHs and fat content of breast milk were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and monitored to study the time tendency of PAHs and estimate the exposure risk of infants to PAHs. RESULTS The dominant pollutants were acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, and fluoranthene. The average concentration of Σ15PAHs in 180 samples was 348μg/kg lipid, which was lower than the value reported in 2005. Compared to the early reported residue level, the BaP-equivalent (BaPeq) concentrations decreased, which were 7.89μg/kg lipid for seven carcinogenic compounds, and 8.53μg/kg lipid for 15 PAHs. For breastfeeding infants in Beijing, the mean acceptable daily intakes (EDIs) of Σ15PAHs and Σ7PAHs through breast milk were 1.51μg/day/kg b.w. and 0.19μg/day/kg b.w., respectively, which was lower than those in 2005. However, it was higher than the exposure of infants in some countries such as Czech, America, Turkey during breastfeeding, and lower than the latest research results of Lanzhou and other heavy industrial cities in China. Throughout the lactation period, the total concentration of PAHs in breast milk did not decrease significantly, but winter heating may increase the emission of PAHs in the atmosphere, making the total concentration of 15 PAHs in breast milk samples significantly higher than that in summer, autumn, and spring. CONCLUSIONS Bivariate correlations analytical results show that the concentration of Σ15PAHs is not associated with age, BMI and lipid content. Limited by sample size, those results should be confirmed with perfect experiment design and sufficient samples in future studies.

The microwave probing signal of the rubidium atomic frequency standard (RAFS) is used to excite the transitions between the ground-state energy levels of rubidium atoms, and realize resonance detection. At present, the microwave generation schemes commonly used all have the disadvantages of complicated circuit structure, high power consumption and inconvenient integration. This work introduces a design scheme for generating discontinuous microwave inquiry signal using the phase-locked loop (PLL) technology. The scheme takes the 10 MHz signal as a reference frequency, and is capable of obtain the (6 834.687 5 MHz ±fM) signal directly under a reasonable configuration of single chip microcomputer. The scheme has the advantages of simple circuit structure, low power consumption and high digitization. The stability of the whole machine was found to be better than 1.5E-11/√τ(1 s ≤ τ ≤ 100 s). The performance indexes can meet the requirements of small commercial rubidium atomic clock.

Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanisms of exogenous calcium-binding protein S100A4 on proliferation, survival and migration functions of glioma cells. Methods: Pan-cancer dataset was downloaded from UCSC database for the analysis of S100A4 expression and prognosis in pan-cancer, and transcriptome and clinical data of glioma patients were downloaded from CGGA database. Prognosis and progression of S100A4 expression in glioma patients were analyzed by R software. S100A4 protein network interaction of glioma patients were addressed by online analytical tools GEPIA and STRING. Human glioma cell lines (U87 and U251) were cultured in vitro, and the experiment was divided into 3 groups: PBS group, S100A4 group and S100A4+TAK242 group [Resatorvid (TAK242) was a specific inhibitor of Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4)]. Flow cytometry was used to detect proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells. Wound healing assay, Transwell assay and clone formation assay were used to detect migration and proliferation ability of U87 and U251 cells, and Western blot was used to detect levels of TLR4 protein and NF-κB related signaling proteins. Results: Bioinformatics results showed that S100A4 was significantly upregulated in multiple tumours (P<0.05), which included glioblastoma (GBM), lower grade glioma (LGG), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), etc, with poorer prognosis in GBM and LGG. Compared with glioma patients with low expression of S1004, high expression S100A4 in glioma patients had shorter survival and higher degree of WHO classification. In addition, S100A4 protein in glioma patients may interact with Annexin A2 (ANXA2), TLR4 and advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor (AGER) proteins. In cellular experiments, U87 and U251 cells showed enhanced proliferation and migration, and significantly up-regulated levels of TLR4, p-ERK1/2, p-p38 and p-p65 proteins after exogenous S100A4 treatment compared to PBS group (P<0.05), while glioma cells in S100A4+TAK242 group showed weaker proliferation and migration, and lower TLR4, p-p38 and p-p65 protein levels than those in S100A4 group, TLR4, p-ERK1/2, p-p38, p-p65 protein levels were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05). Conclusion: S100A4 may regulate function of glioma proliferation, migration and survival through TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Based on the commonly used local cerebral ischemia models, such as clot embolization, photochemically induced thrombosis and sludged blood embolization, a new model of local cerebral ischemia in mice was popularized. Methods The model of distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) was prepared by permanently blocking the distal middle cerebral artery (MCA) of mice. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was monitored by real-time laser speckle contrast imaging system. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and HE staining were used to detect ischemic infarcts. Clark classification was used to evaluate neurological function. Results Laser speckle contrast imaging system showed CBF decreased significantly after ablation of MCA by electrocoagulation. TTC staining showed that the ischemic region was only located in cerebral cortex, and no obvious damage was found in subependymal basal ganglia and hippocampus. HE staining showed that most nerve cells died in the ischemic region, and there was obvious cell density around the ischemic region, which was considered to be inflammatory cells and various nerve cells. One, 3, 7 and 14 d after model preparation, the mice weighed 22, 20.70, 19.50 and 20.10 g, respectively. Body symmetry scores in Clark classification were 0.75, 0.75, 0.50 and 0.50, respectively; gait scores were 0, climbing scores were 0, turning test scores were 0.50, 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25, forearm symmetry scores were 0.25, forced turning scores were 0, beard reactivity scores were 1, 1, 1 and 0.50 respectively. Conclusions The improved new model of dMCAO can simulate local cerebral ischemia with minor neurological defect, and can be used as an experimental model to study the pathophysiological changes and repair process of the vessels after nerve injury as well as the nerve cells involved in the repair process after nerve injury. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2018.12.008

The radiofrequency circuit of traditional miniature rubidium atomic frequency standard (RAFS) uses saturated output, which can stabilize the amplitude, but not the waveform, of the radiofrequency signal. This would lead to insufficient microwave power stability. In this study, an improved circuit for stabilizing power amplitude in miniature rubidium atomic frequency standard was described. The circuit took the bias voltage of step recovery diode (SRD) as a reference to achieve automatic gain control (AGC) through controlling the gain of the variable gain amplifier (VGA). This scheme controlled both the amplitude and the waveform of the radiofrequency signal. The results showed that this scheme can effectively improve power stability of the microwave signal in miniature rubidium atomic frequency standard.

Background Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a rare involuntary movement disorder characterized by transient and recurrent dystonic or choreoathetoid attacks triggered by sudden voluntary movements. Since 2011, progress in genetics and pathophysiology has been made. Our study aimed to investigate and analyze the characteristics of social behavior, quality of life and related factors in patients with PKD in China. Methods A cross.sectional study was conducted regarding health.related behaviors in 188 patients with PKD by using the Chinese Version of Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90) and World Health Organization Quality of Life-100 (WHOQoL -100) questionnaires. Psychometric symptoms, mental health, quality of life and related factors were all investigated and analyzed. Results A total of 120 valid questionnaires were statistically analyzed. Compared with Chinese norm, patients with PKD showed significantly higher scores in global severity index (GSI, P = 0.000) and SCL-90 scores (somatization, obsessive . compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism; P = 0.000, for all). Patients with PKD also showed significantly lower scores than Chinese norm in general quality of life (P = 0.000) and four domains of WHOQoL -100 (physiological domain, psychological domain, independence domain, social relationship domain; P = 0.000, for all). Pearson and partial correlation analysis showed that quality of life of PKD patients was in positive correaltion with complex PKD and remission (P = 0.016, 0.000), while was in negative correaltion with somatization, obsessive.compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism (P = 0.000, for all). The results of multiple linear regresssion analysis showed that lower quality of life was in association with remission (P = 0.024) and depression (P = 0.000). The degree of impact was R2 value 0.423 for remission and R2 value 0.398 for depression. Conclusions The prevalence of psychometric symptoms and poor quality of life in PKD patients were studied and the efforts to recognize and detect comorbid interictal psychological distress were important, especially for the patients with higher depression score and without remission trend. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.08.007

Objective To explore the value of dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion-weighted imaging (DSC-PWI) in superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass and to provide radiological evidence for hemodynamic changes in STA-MCA bypass in the treatment of severe internal carotid artery (ICA) and MCA stenosis and/or occlusion. Methods A total of 76 cases (65 males and 11 females with average age of 55) who underwent STA-MCA bypass from January 2011 to February 2016 were included. Routine MRI and DSC-PWI were performed within one month before operation and within one week after operation. Hemodynamic changes [relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), relative mean transit time (rMTT) and relative time to peak (rTTP)] of MCA blood supplying area at basal ganglia section (proximal end) and centrum semiovale section (distal end) were compared before and after operation. Results Compared with before operation, rCBF was significantly increased after operation at ipsilateral basal ganglia section (proximal end, P = 0.000) and centrum semiovale section (distal end, P = 0.001). rCBV at basal ganglia section was significantly increased after operation (P = 0.021), while rCBV at centrum semiovale section had no significant difference compared with before operation (P = 0.844). rMTT (P = 0.000, 0.000) and rTTP (P = 0.000, 0.000) at ipsilateral basal ganglia section and centrum semiovale section were significantly reduced after operation. Conclusions STA-MCA bypass can improve cerebral blood perfusion of MCA blood supplying area. DSC-PWI could assess the hemodynamics of ischemic area, so it is the optimal noninvasive technology to evaluate the curative effect of bypass and observe cerebral hemodynamic changes dynamically. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.06.010

In this paper,we first introduce the principle of LED based visible light communication system and wavelength division multiplexing technology.Then we design the system structure of real-time visible light communication link with wavelength division multiplexing technology based on Optisystem software.Under the direct modulation scheme,the transmission performances of NRZ and RZ modulation are studied,respectively.The effects of different data rates on the bit error rate and Qfactor of the system are analyzed.The performances of bit error rate at different transmission distance are also discussed.Finally,the feasibility and stability of the wavelength division multiplexing technology in the visible light communication system are verified.

本研究主要是探討臺灣幼兒教育階段核心素養的內涵，透過文獻分析、各國核心素養之比較、德懷術問卷調查、小組會議及領域專長學者審查會議，本研究獲得幾項重要的結論：一、臺灣對於幼兒的期待與幼兒核心素養深受華人文化脈絡之影響；二、幼兒核心素養包含三個層面，分別是「溝通互動」、「社會參與」及「自主行動」；三、幼兒教育階段課程之基本理念應在華人文化脈絡下，涵蓋幼兒核心素養之態度與能力，以幼兒為主體之探索、覺察、理解與欣賞的歷程。最後，本研究根據研究結果提出諸多建議，做為幼兒課程政策擬定以及後續研究之參酌。The aims of this study was to explore the key competencies of early childhood education in Taiwan, and to analyze how it can improve curriculum. Through literature review, the comparison of key competencies among different countries, Delphi technique, group meetings and review seminar of subject specialists curriculum specialty, the research got a few important conclusions. First, the expectation considering about children’s key competencies is deeply influenced by the Chinese parenting approaches. Secondly, children’s key competencies in Taiwan in the research include three dimensions: communicative interaction, social participation, and autonomous action. The research also presented the basic ideas of early childhood curriculum which are the process about taking children whose attitude and ability are cultivated under the Chinese cultural context as the subject of exploration, awareness, understanding and appreciation. In addition to understand early childhood education courses and other stages of phase coherence, the results of this research made many recommendations for policy formulation about early childhood curriculum, and subsequent researchers for reference.

This study investigated adverbial clauses in spoken as well as written Chinese discourse. The adverbial clauses in the spoken data were categorized into (i) initial clauses that occur in the initial position with respect to their linked material across continuing intonation, (ii) final clauses that occur in the final position with respect to their linked material across continuing intonation, and (iii) final clauses that occur in the final position with respect to their linked material across final intonation. Those in the written data were classified into (i) initial and (ii) final clauses that occur in the initial or final clauses that occur in the initial or final position, respectively, with respect to their main clauses. An analysis of the spoken and written data shows that the temporal, conditional, and concessiveclauses are quite different from the other adverbial clauses. Specifically, the causal clauses commonly appear in the final position with respect to their associated material in the spoken data, while the initial and final causal clauses are nearly evenly distributed in the written data. The data suggest that temporal, conditional, and concessive clauses, like topics, are presupposed parts of their sentences; i.e., all of them may be thought of as establishing frameworks for the interpretation of propositions that follow, which seem to be prototypically textual in their functioning. By contrast, causal clauses in Chinese are noticeably distinct from other adverbial clauses not only in spoken data, but also in written data; they play interactional as well as textual roles in discourse linking.

The paper introduced design of a kind of automatic spray and watering controller. The controller uses main controller to control magnetic valve switch to achieve automatic watering of sprayer. The practical application showed that the controller has high reliability, good atomization effect, which average dust-laying rate is 92.7%.

In view of resource problem caused by using two timers/counters of single-chip microcomputer to realize PWM, the paper proposed a method of using single timer/counter to realize PWM. It gave characteristics of PWM signal and timer/counter of MCS-51 single-chip microcomputer, and detailedly introduced implementation of the method by an example of PWM control of hydraulic proportion valve and analyzed performances of the PWM. The analyzing result showed that the PWM can meet with general application and solves problem of resource shortage of timers/counters in single-chip microcomputer, but frequency, phase accuracy and stability of PWM signal are influenced by interrupt response time in some degree.

In order to real-timely get running state information of experiment system of gas extraction in goaf, a monitoring and control system of goaf gas extraction experiment was designed. The system uses EDA9017 and EDA9150 to collect gas flow, gas concentration, static pressure of airflow, value of air velocity and running state information of fan, and sends the collected data to PC through RS485 bus to make operator know running state of the experiment system of gas extration in whole goaf through monitoring and control interface. The actual application verified validity, stability and reliability of the system.

Meteorological disaster is one of the main factors restricting agriculture development in China. It is important to clarify the risk of summer maize agrometeorological disaster for disaster prevention and mitigation. Based on the natural disaster risk theory, we collected meteorological data and maize yield data from 1981 to 2018 in a typical area in the northern mountainous area of Sichuan Basin (Wangcang County). The main disaster-causing factors affecting summer maize production were determined. A comprehensive agro-meteorological disaster risk assessment model for summer maize was constructed in combination with the sensitivity of pregnant environment and vulnerability of disaster bearing to evaluate the agrometeorological disasters risk of summer maize production in the northern mountainous area of Sichuan Basin. The results showed that during the study period, high temperature in mature period, rainstorm in flowering period, rainstorm in mature period, continuous rain in filling period and drought in booting stage were the main agrometeorological disasters affecting the growth and development of summer maize. The agrometeorological disaster risk of maize generally distributed in a southwest-northeast pattern, with the distribution areas of high-risk and higher-risk areas accounting for half of the total area of Wangcang County. The high-risk areas were mainly located in the southwest of the county, which was basically consistent with the high-value areas of hazard-pregnant environment sensitivity. The low-risk areas were mostly concentrated in the western part of county territory, which were also low-risk areas of high temperature in mature period, rainstorm in mature period, and rainstorm in flowering period disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to investigate the effect of four immune enhancers on growth performance and immune effect of Newcastle disease vaccine (NDV) in chicks. A total of 150 healthy chicks were randomly divided into five groups, with five replicates in each group and six chicks in each replicate, including control group (CG group), Astragalus group (AM group), Lyciumberry powder group (LB group), Angelicapowder group (AS group) and levesomisole powder group (LMS group). Chickens were immunized with LIVE La Sota vaccine at seven days of age. Six chicks were randomly selected from each group at 1, 2, 3 and 4 w before immunization and after immunization to determine the immune organ index and growth indices. The results showed that the body weight of AM group was significantly higher than that of CG group at the 1st week after immunization (P<0.05). At the 2nd week after immunization, the body weight of AM group was significantly higher than that of CG group and LMS group (P<0.05). At the 3rd week after immunization, the body weight of AM group was extremely higher than that of CG group (P<0.01). The average daily gain of chickens in AM group, AS group and LB group was significantly higher than that in CG group (P<0.05), and the feed to gain of chickens in AM group was extremely lower than that in CG group (P<0.01). At the 2nd and 3rd w after immunization, the bursa index of AM group and AS group was significantly higher than that of CG group (P<0.05). At the 1st week after immunization, spleen index of AM group was extremely higher than that of CG group (P<0.01). AS group was significantly higher than CG group (P<0.05). At the 2nd week after immunization, thymus index in AM group, LB group, LMS group and AS group was significantly higher than that in CG group ( P<0.05). At the 1st and 2nd w after immunization, the antibody titer in AM group and AS group was significantly higher than that in CG group (P<0.05). The experiment indicates that dietary supplementation of 10 g/kg AM and AS can effectively promote the early growth and development of chicks and improve the immune function of chicks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects on the historical and practical reform of the sports scoring method for the entrance examination to senior high school in China through historical combing and comparative analysis, and puts forward targeted improvement strategies. The research shows that: the scoring methods of China's sports entrance examination for senior high school mainly contains three forms such as qualified system (namely standard system), grade system (three system, four system, five system) and score system (plus point system and minus system), and all kinds of scoring methods appear in different periods and different regions. In 2020, the reform of sports entrance examination for senior high school entered a comprehensive deepening stage, and the score system will gradually become the mainstream, and the proportion of sports entrance examination for senior high school will be also gradually increased. In the cross background of the "double reduction" policy and physical education integration policy, the scoring method for Chinese sports entrance examination for senior high school need to deepen the reform from the test project and standard difficulty game, score evaluation and grade evaluation game, sports and other subjects weight game three dimensions, in order to improve the scientific and fairness of sports entrance examination for senior high school, effectively promote the improvement of students' physical quality, and to really play the vital role of sports in promoting the all-round development for people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The material composition, distribution characteristics of rare earth minerals and occurrence state of rare earth elements of Bayan Obo tailings were studied by polarizing microscope, automatic mineral quantitative analysis system (AMICS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy spectrum analyzer combined with chemical analysis and other analytical methods. The results show that the rare earth(REO)content in the tailings is 6. 42%, the rare earth minerals are mainly bastmaesote and monazite, and the gangue minerals are mainly dolomite, calcite, quartz, feldspar, amphibole, pyroxene, mica, barite and apatite. The intercalation particle size of rare earth minerals is small, and the dissociation degrees of bastnaesite and monazite are 55.07% and 50.47% respectively. About 95% of rare earth elements occur in independent rare earth minerals, and about 5 % of rare earth elements are dispersed in other minerals as isomorphism or fine inclusions. Based on the distribution characteristics of the above rare earth minerals and the occurrence characteristics of rare earth elements, it is recommended to use the classification grinding flotation process to realize the effective recovery of rare earth minerals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of value realization mechanism of ecological products, the quaternary industry of ecological products supply and value realization is merging. It is expected to become a new driving force for high-quality economic development and a new mode of eco-civilization construction. Based on the classification of ecological products and the value accounting system of ecological products, this paper preliminarily formed the indicators system of the quaternary industry of ecological products in China from five dimensions including: industrial scale, industrial change, industrial structure, the extent of ecological products value realization and industrial relevance. Based on GEP accounting results, the development situation of the quaternary industry of ecological products in China was preliminary assessed and analyzed. The results showed that: ➀ In terms of industrial scale, the production of the quaternary industry of ecological products in 2019 was 92 trillion yuan, with an average five-year growth rate of 6.9%, which was basically equal to the GDP growth rate during the same time span. ➁ In terms of industrial structure, the ratio of China's ecological product supply service (EPV), regulating service (ERV) and cultural service (ECV) was 18:65:17 in 2019. Compared with the year of 2015, the proportion of primary ecological products increased by 5%, and the degree of marketization of ecological products also increased. From the perspective of ecosystem, wetland and forest ecosystems were the largest suppliers of ecological products, contributing 55% and 11% of the total output value respectively. ➂ In terms of the realization degree of ecological products value, China's average Green Gold Index was 0.96, and the primary productivity of ecological products was on the rise. ➃ In terms of industrial relevance, the degree of geographic spatial agglomeration of the quaternary industry of ecological products was increasing, and the spatial distribution was uneven. The per-capita GEP was relatively high in the western region, while the unit area of GEP in the eastern region was relatively high. However, the quaternary industry of ecological products is in the early stage of formation, and the theory and practice still need to be explored. It is suggested that we should further clarify the boundaries of the quaternary industry of ecological products, standardize the industrial classification system, improve the development index system, and integrate with the national economic accounting system, which is vital to improve the statistical investigation system of this industry, evaluating the development performance, and scientifically standardizing the collection of industrial data, so as to promote the healthy development of the quaternary industry of ecological products and the construction of ecological civilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Day care centers provide supportive services to older individuals with disability and dementia. Those who suffer from cognitive impairment typically also suffer from depression. Purpose: To explore whether TimeSlips, a reminiscence creative storytelling approach, improves depressive symptoms and quality of life (QoL) in older individuals of day care centers who have mild to moderate cognitive impairment. Methods: A randomized non-blind controlled trial design was conducted. A total of 20 older individuals who met the inclusion criteria were recruited and randomly assigned to the experimental group and control group using the Internet randomization system, with 10 subjects in each group. The experimental group participated in the one-hour TimeSlips intervention once a week for six consecutive weeks, while the control group maintained their normal daily activities. We used the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) to measure depressive symptoms and used EQ-5D (EuroQol-5 dimensions) VAS (visual analogue scale) and utility values to measure QoL. Result: (1) With the exception of age, there were no significant differences in the demographic data between two groups. (2) Under ANCOVA, when age was used as the covariate and the change in CSDD before and after the intervention was used as the dependent variable, the score of the experimental group was significant lower than that of the control group (p < .05). The interaction between group and age was also a significant difference in the change of CSDD before and after the intervention (p < .05). In terms of QoL, the EQ-5D VAS and EQ-5D utility value both decreased after the intervention in the experimental group. ANCOVA was performed separately using the change of EQ-5D VAS and the ranked change of EQ-5D utility values as dependent variables, with no significant differences found between the groups (p = .37 and p = .20, respectively). Conclusion: The results indicate that using TimeSlips may significantly improve depressive symptoms in mild to moderate cognitively impaired older individuals of day care centers. However, no evidence was found to support an effect of TimeSlips on QoL. Our findings provide information to help day care centers staffs design related activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]