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The branches and leaves of 8 varieties of Lonicera japonica as materials, a high-performance liquid chromatography detection method for 8 phenolic acid components was established to determine the content characteristics of phenolic acids in the samples. The content determination results were evaluated by multivariate statistical methods such as cluster analysis, factor comprehensive analysis, and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The results indicated that the established method for determining the content of 8 phenolic acids in the branches and leaves of L. japonica was stable, reliable and simple. The variation range of phenolic acids total content in the branches and leaves of 8 varieties of L. japonica was 19.4162~33.6684 mg·g−1, and 40.9900~80.3068 mg·g−1, respectively. The total content of phenolic acids varied greatly among different varieties, with 'Beihua No.1' had the highest total content in both branches and leaves, and 'Juhua No.1' had the lowest total content. Cluster analysis found that among the branches of 'Beihua No.1' was clustered separately into one group, with higher content of each component than other varieties. Factor comprehensive analysis showed that the comprehensive score of 'Beihua No.1' was >1. PLS-DA analysis identified isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid C, ferulic acid and chlorogenic acid as the main components that might cause differences in phenolic acid content in branches. Among leaves, 'Beihua No.1' and 'Jiufeng No.1' were clustered into one category, and their comprehensive factor analysis scores were both greater than 1. PLS-DA analysis identified chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and ferulic acid as the main components that might cause differences in phenolic acid content in leaves. In summary, there were differences in the main phenolic acid composition characteristics of different varieties. In terms of phenolic acid content, the branches and leaves of 'Beihua No.1' and 'Jiufeng No.1' have more advantages. This study provides a scientific basis for the utilization of L. japonica branches and leaves.

The application of offshore wind power gangways ensures the normal operation of offshore wind turbines and provides reliable support for optimizing the boarding process, improving the operation and maintenance efficiency, and reducing the cost of wind power projects. This paper provides an overview of the development history and technological progress of gangways, and analyzes the main equipment in this field and its performance at home and abroad, as well as discussing the key technologies of offshore wind turbine gangways in such aspects as motion sensing and data analysis, compensation control and execution, structural design and reliability, and composite material application. It is pointed out that the parallel platform is the mainstream offshore gangway actuator; wave compensation is the core of equipment performance and the source of competitiveness; and advanced wave compensation technology depends on the development of sensor technology, artificial intelligence technology and other multidisciplinary development. This paper makes a comprehensive analysis for researchers and practitioners in the field of offshore wind power gangways, providing valuable references for subsequent technology exploration.

To comprehensively understand the genetic information of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SGJ-24 and thoroughly analyze the functional genes associated with its tolerance to challenging vinous environments, reduction of biological acid, and biogenic amine degradation activities. The study was conducted using whole-genome sequencing, which combined second-generation Illumina HiSeq technology with third-generation PacBio RS II technology. The results showed that, a total genome size of 3451191 bp and 3361 coding genes. Numerous genes were annotated for functions such as nutrient (sugar, amino acid and so on) transport and metabolism, protein synthesis, and nucleic acid metabolism. Additionally, specific functional genes related to the versatile activities of this strain were identified, including malolactic fermentation activity (MLE and so on), acid tolerance (gadB and so on), ethanol tolerance (PFK, GK and so on), and biogenic amine degradation (GAPDH) function. The research findings provided a deep insight into the genetic characteristics of L. plantarum SGJ-24, laying a theoretical foundation for further development and utilization of the strain.

Identifying whether high-temperature oxidation is realized in fire flooding has become one of the technical difficulties in evaluating the effect of fire flooding for heavy oil reservoirs. In order to study how the chemical properties of crude oil varied during fire flooding, a series of heavy oil fire flooding laboratory experiments were carried out using a three-dimensional physical model, and the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of aromatics were performed for the crude oil before and after high-temperature oxidation during fire flooding. Results show that after fire flooding, the relative contents of naphthalenes, phenanthrenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the crude oil sample increased, while the relative content of tri-aromatic steroids decreased. During fire flooding, naphthalenes and phenanthrenes were all prone to demethylation, methyl migration and methyl substitution, showing significantly higher thermal stabilities in β-naphthalenes and β-phenanthrenes relative to α-naphthalenes and α-phenanthrenes. Due to the difference in thermal stability between 4-methyldibenzothiophene and 1-methyldibenzothiophene, the high-temperature oxidation in fire flooding could be identified according to the changes in their relative contents and the distribution characteristics of their spectra. Anthracene in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons could be used as a marker of high-temperature oxidation in fire flooding, while the changes in perylene/benzo(e)pyrene, fluoranthene/pyrene and anthracene/phenanthrene ratios were also good indicators for high-temperature oxidation in fire flooding. As observed from these findings, it can thus be concluded that the variation characteristics and characteristic markers of aromatic compounds in crude oil are good indicators for combustion state during fire flooding, providing favorable support for the identification of combustion state in heavy oil fire flooding.

[Objective] Enhancing the coupling coordination of regional innovation-ecology-economy stands as a crucial avenue for China to attain high-quality development. This study assessed the innovation-ecology-economy coupling coordination level under the new developmental stages. It examined the coupling coordination path that emerges through the interaction and amalgamation of the constituent elements intrinsic to the innovation-ecology-economy system, approached from a combinational standpoint. Furthermore, the study aimed to clarify the principal course that will shape the forthcoming advancement of the coupling coordination of these three systems. [Methods] Using a sample of 30 Chinese provinces with data spanning from 2011 to 2020, this study integrated the new development concept to develop an evaluation framework for the composite innovation-ecology-economy system. From an intra-system perspective, the research employed a dynamic qualitative comparative analysis to identify the combination paths within the composite system that engender high coupling coordination levels, alongside their dynamic patterns of evolution. [Results] (1) In the study period, individual components of the system were insufficient for achieving coupling coordination development. But the interplay and alignment of components generated four combination paths of high-level coupling coordination, which can be categorized as “innovation and application of energy conservation and emission reduction for development” and “innovation and cultivation of environmental protection governance efficiency enhancement”, with the characteristics of “all roads lead to Rome”. (2) The role of applied scientific and technological innovation, and industrial structure optimization and upgrading in promoting regional coupled and coordinated development had weakened from the 12th Five-Year Plan to the 13th Five-Year Plan period. Instead, the core driving factors shifted to basic innovation, economic development quality catch-up, and sharing of development results. [Conclusion] Considerable potential for enhancement remains within China’s regional innovation-ecology-economy system for coupled and coordinated development. To foster further improvement, a concerted effort is needed to bolster interplay among the system’s constituent elements, addressing the deficiencies and vulnerabilities within sub-systems. Emphasis should be placed on bolstering scientific and technological research and development, advancing quality-driven catch-up initiatives, and cultivating common prosperity.