Search

Acute kidney injury （AKI） is a diverse group of renal diseases characterized by a dramatic decline in renal function. Not only AKI has a high mortality rate， but also poor renal adaptation or incomplete repair after acute phase may also lead to renal fibrosis and eventually to chronic kidney disease （CKD）. Currently there are no effective measures for limiting damage， promoting recovery and improving survival. Proteolysis targeting chimeras （PROTACs） provide a novel strategy for AKI drug development through ubiquitin-proteasome system of degrading target proteins. This review summarized promising therapeutic targets for AKI and the application of PROTACs technology.

Tea polyphenols are a class of polyphenolic mixtures with phenolic hydroxyl structure in tea plants, which are the main functional component of tea, and the content is relatively high in green tea. Tea polyphenol bioactivity research gains popularity, in the functional food, drug development, preservation and preservation of preservatives and other areas with broad application prospects. Tea polyphenols have a variety of biological activities such as antioxidant, anticancer, hypolipidemic, blood sugar regulation, antibacterial, anti-radiation and so on. Their mechanism of action mainly includes regulating protein kinase B (AKT), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), adenylate activated protein kinase (AMPK) and other signalling pathways and related proteins. By analyzing the relevant research literature in recent years, we review the material properties, biological activities, mechanisms and applications of tea polyphenols, with a view to providing reference for the development of tea polyphenol-containing functional foods and natural medicines.

Background General practice (GP) plays a key role in carrying out the"Healthy China initiative", but the standardized medical quality evaluation involved remains incompletely established. The establishment of an appropriate quality evaluation indicator system for GP has to be settled urgently. Objective To evaluate the medical quality of GP in general hospitals of Chongqing, the medical quality evaluation indicator system for GP is established, and the indicator system would also provide reference for the construction of GP and the research work of Centers for General Medical Quality Control in Chongqing. Methods The evaluation indexes were formulated in February-April 2022 using the literature analysis method. Based on Delphi method, the indicator system was revised according to the correspondence consultation from 25 general practice experts of 20 general hospitals (including clinical residential training bases) in Chongqing. The final draft was combined with the suggestions of experts from the Center for Medical Quality Control of GP. Results Among the selected experts, men accounted for 64.0%, and 76.0% had middle or senior titles. Two rounds of experts' consultation responses were 21 and 20 copies respectively, and the experts' authoritative coefficient were 84.00% and 95.24%. Corresponding degree of authority above 0.85. After two rounds of experts' consultation and the suggestions of the quality control center, the medical quality evaluation indicator system of general practice for general hospital was finally established including 5 first-class indexes, 10 second-class indexes and 28 third-class indexes. Conclusion The evaluation indicator system based on Delphi method is of great significance for standardizing the quality of general practice service in general hospitals, promoting the construction of general practice service in Chongqing and strengthening the supervision of medical quality control center.

Aiming at the problem of target location in the process of approaching non-cooperative targets, a target location algorithm based on double-line-of-sight cooperative angle-only measurement is proposed, and the accuracy of target location can be improved by optimizing the proximity configuration. Firstly, a two-spacecraft cooperative location scheme using only line-of-sight measurement is proposed, and a target location algorithm based on extended Kalman filter is designed. Then, by introducing normal distribution crossover operator, variable mutation distribution index and simulated catastrophe, the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm is improved and applied to the optimization of proximity configuration. Finally, the numerical simulation results show that the proposed algorithm overcomes the problems of local convergence and slow convergence of the traditional algorithms, and the accuracy of target location is improved after configuration optimization.

In response to the development requirements of small-sized gaseous tritium light sources, a wet coating and sintering process for preparing micron-sized ZnS(Cu) phosphors coatings on the inner wall of a slender glass tube was independently developed. And a coating device with controllable pressure, flow and temperature was designed and established. The coating device was used to explore the preparation process of fluorescent coatings for slender glass tubes with a specification of φ1.1 mm×550 mm, and to carry out research on the influence of slurry formulations on the viscosity of mixed liquid formulations and coating thickness. By optimizing the drying parameters, the coating was finally obtained in the slender glass tube. The cross-sectional SEM analysis shows that the coating has good compactness, and its thickness is (16.9±0.6) μm(n=32). The coating has good uniformity in thickness and is stable and does not fall off after being placed for a long time. The luminescence brightness of the tritium light tube sample obtained by this process is 0.642 cd/m2, with excellent uniformity. This provides a basis for device conditions and process optimization for the development of subsequent tritium light source products.

Landslide displacement prediction is an important basis of predicting landslide disasters. Most of the previous landslide displacement prediction models include time series prediction models, BP neural network prediction models, Gaussian fitting prediction models, and various other nonlinear prediction models. However, these landslide displacement prediction models lack the foundation of mechanical theory in the establishment and have no pertinence in the prediction and analysis of landslide displacement resulting from diverse mechanical properties. In this paper, a nonlinear prediction model of landslide creep displacement based on genetic optimization algorithm is proposed for the prediction of gravity creep landslide displacement. Using the cumulative horizontal displacement data from monitoring point J05 on the eastern side of the Lujiapo landslide as a case study, the test area and prediction area are delimited for model prediction analysis. The results of the new model are compared with those of Gaussian fitting model and BP neural network model. The results indicate that, in comparison to the traditional prediction models, the new model exhibits improved predictive performance, offering a certain engineering value and practical value.

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). And arrhythmias is a predominant symptom. As compared with the general population, the etiology of arrhythmias is more complex and formulating appropriate treatment strategies have remained problematic. This review summarized common types, risk factors, pathophysiological mechanisms and current managements of arrhythmia in CKD patients, especially those with end-stage renal disease.

A social network personality prediction model with multi-channel information (MCIPP) is constructed. In the framework of in-depth learning, objective behavior data are used to automatically predict users’ personality traits, and whether users’ online behavior is consistent with their offline personality traits is analyzed. Specifically, the bi-directional long-term and short-term memory network (BiLSTM) and Attention mechanism (Attention) are used to capture the context semantic features of the text, and a syntactic dependency tree is constructed through a graph convolution network (GCN) to obtain a syntactic-based structural representation. Attention is integrated into a Topic Model to extract deep semantic information, and finally, the deep semantic information is input into a Softmax layer to obtain the personality tendency of a user Weibo. The results show that the MCIPP model has a good prediction effect with the highest accuracy of 0.806 4. There is a significant positive correlation between online and offline corresponding dimensions of individuals. Therefore, this model can be used to conduct psychological modeling on user network data, so that theory-driven psychological scientific research can objectively interpret individual psychology and behavior.

In order to reduce the switching frequency involved in the traditional three-level model predictive control utilized for permanent magnet synchronous motors(PMSMs), a model predictive torque control scheme associated with the switching frequency optimization is proposed. Firstly, the reason for higher switching frequency in the three-level drive system is analyzed in depth. Then, the vector screening strategy considering switching state restriction is introduced and the switching frequency constraint is constructed in the cost function, which can effectively reduce the switching frequency as well as decrease the number of candidate vectors. Furthermore, the neutral potential is balanced in terms of the opposite effect of positive and negative redundant small vectors on neutral potential. Finally, the validity of the control strategy is verified by the simulation and experiment. The simulated and experimental results prove that the switching frequency of the proposed control strategy is reduced by nearly half of that in traditional strategy;meanwhile, the fluctuation of neutral potential is eliminated.

Objective To analyze prevalence and genetic characteristics of clusterings/outbreaks of norovirus (NV) infection in Guangdong province in 2021. Methods We collected the information on all laboratory confirmed NV infection clusterings (3 correlated cases in 3 days at a venue) and outbreaks (20 correlated cases in 7 days at a venue) reported in Guangdong province throughout 2021. Anal swab/stool specimens of the reported cases were sampled for NV detection with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The NV GI and GII strains screened out from positive specimens were genotyped with PCR amplification, library preparation, gene sequencing and splicing. ResultsOf a total of 141 NV clusterings/outbreaks reported in the province during the year, 92.91% occurred in nurseries or schools and mainly during winter and spring seasons. For the genotyped NV strains isolated from specimens of 73 outbreaks (51.77% of all epidemics), 94.52% were NV GII, with GII.2[P16] and GII.4[P31] accounting for 39.13% and 23.19% of all NV strains, respectively. ConclusionIn Guangdong province during 2021, the norovirus clusterings/outbreaks occurred mainly in nurseries and schools in winter/spring seasons and the majority of the outbreaks were caused by norovirus GII.2[P16] and GII.4[P31].

Magnetoencephalography is a non-invasive technology for brain function imaging, which is of enormous value to brain science research and clinical application due to its ultra-high temporal and spatial trace resolution. In this paper, we introduce a self-built and atomic magnetometer based wearable magnetoencephalography system. By designing bi-planar coils system and combining with reference sensor array, the residual magnetic field in the subject's head movement area is controlled to be within ±1 nT, which ensures the sensors are maintained within their dynamic range during the moving measurement. At the same time, a virtual gradiometer-based noise reduction method is proposed to suppress the common-mode magnetic-field noise. Finally, the alpha rhythm and auditory evoked magnetic field signals with high signal-to-noise ratio are successfully detected under the subject's natural head movement and the effectiveness of the system is confirmed. This study could provide more possibilities for the application and promotion of moving wearable magnetoencephalography.

The corrosion causes of the surface of finished J442D automobile decorative strip after 480 h neutral salt spray corrosion test were analyzed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. Results showed that the main cause of corrosion was the excessive internal inclusions in this batch of materials, and the main inclusions were class B composite inclusions of Ca - Al - Si - Mg, and the sizes of inclusions were large and the plasticity was high. At the same time, the type and size of inclusions in raw material 2D plate were the same as that of the finished decorative strip. Through the control of ladle, material and process in the subsequent steelmaking process, the type, quantity and size of inclusions were greatly improved, and the finished decorative strip was not corroded any more.

Objective To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of fibrous dysplasia of bone admitted to a single center in the past 30 years. Methods We analyzed the clinical features of 744 patients with bone fibrous dysplasia diagnosed by pathology, including age, gender, disease location, monostotic or polyostotic lesions, pathological fracture and malignant transformation. Results There were 1183 lesions in 744 patients. The mean age at admission was 31.1±13.5 years old. The ratio of male to female was close to 1:1. The most common site was the lower extremities (916(77.4%)), followed by the upper extremities (106(9.0%)). The most common sites of lower extremities were the femur (645(54.5%)) and the tibia (224(18.9%)). Polyostotic cases accounted for 25.4%, and monostotic cases accounted for 74.6%. Pathological fracture occurred in 163 (13.8%) patients. There were 6 (0.8%) patients with malignant transformation. The mean age was 40.5 years old. The mean time of malignant transformation was 7.7 years. Conclusion Fibrous dysplasia of bone is a rare group of benign bone tumors, with typical epidemiological and clinical features.

According to the characteristics of the actual service environment of inner cavity of automobile, the damp heat test, salt spray test and electrochemical AC impedance technology were used to evaluate the coating and establish the aging kinetic equation. Results showed that under the accelerated aging test, the coating was intact within 600 h of the damp heat test and 360 h of the salt spray test. The failure aging of the inner cavity coating in 3.5% (mass fraction) NaCl solution at 25 ℃ could be divided into three stages: the initial stage , the middle stage and the late stage of aging; the initial stage of aging (the 0th to 2nd cycle) had good corrosion resistance, and low frequency electrochemical impedance|Z| 0.01 Hz was on the order of 109 Ω·cm2 or more; in the middle stage (the 4th to 6th cycle), |Z|0.01 Hz was on the order of 105～108 Ω·cm2, the size and quantity of internal micropores increased, and the corrosion resistance was obviously attenuated; in the late stage (8th cycle), local bulges appeared on the surface, |Z|0.01 Hz was on the order of 105 Ω·cm2 and below, and the coating failed. Based on this, establishing the aging kinetic equation could predict and evaluate the service life and protective performance of the inner cavity anti-corrosive coatings.

ObjectiveTo investigate the inhibitory effect of cholecystokinin octapeptide （CCK-8） binding to cholecystokinin 2 receptor （CCK2R） on methamphetamine （METH）-induced neuronal apoptosis, and to explore the signal transduction mechanism of β-arrestin 2 in CCK-8 inhibiting METH-induced neuronal apoptosis.MethodsSH-SY5Y cell line was cultured, and HEK293-CCK1R and HEK293-CCK2R cell line were constructed by lentivirus transfection. Small interfering RNA （siRNA） was used to knockdown the expression of β-arrestin 2. Annexin Ⅴ-FITC/PI staining and flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptotic rate of cells, and Western blotting was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins.ResultsThe apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells was induced by 1 mmol/L and 2 mmol/L METH treatment, the number of nuclear fragmentation and pyknotic cells was significantly increased, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were increased. CCK-8 pre-treatment at the dose of 0.1 mmol/L and 1 mmol/L significantly reversed METH-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells, and inhibited cell nuclear fragmentation, pyknosis and the changes of apoptosis-related proteins induced by METH. In lentivirus transfected HEK293-CCK1R and HEK293-CCK2R cells, the results revealed that CCK-8 had no significant effect on METH-induced changes of apoptosis-related proteins in HEK293-CCK1R cells, but it could inhibit the expression level of apoptosis-related proteins in HEK293-CCK2R cells induced by METH. The inhibitory effect of CCK-8 on METH-induced apoptosis was blocked by the knockdown of β-arrestin 2 expression in SH-SY5Y cells.ConclusionCCK-8 can bind to CCK2R and exert an inhibitory effect on METH-induced apoptosis by activating the β-arrestin 2 signal.

At present, the biggest safety risk and accident source of pipeline systems can be attributed to the lack of sensing ability of buried pipelines to a large extent. For this reason, a method of laying pipelines in underground space was put forward, so that the buried pipelines could be observed, monitored and accessed directly with the present detection, monitoring and sensing technologies. The sensing ability of critical pipeline sections can be enhanced fundamentally by the full range data acquisition and intelligent monitoring technology, and further the safety level of the pipelines can be improved greatly. By referring to the laying mode of municipal rainwater and sewage pipelines and urban utility tunnels, the underground space structure of semi-prefabricated reinforced concrete U-shaped pipe culvert with cover plate was proposed, where the pipelines are installed at the bottom of the pipe culvert with the support of metal bracket or concave cement pipe holder. Meanwhile, the intelligent video monitoring, optical fiber sensing, combustible gas sensing, external detection of pipeline defects or stress and other fixed or movable sensing means should be provided in the underground space. In addition, the risk factors of pipeline laying in underground space were analyzed preliminarily, and it was conservatively estimated that the overall risk could be reduced by more than 34%. Moreover, the economy of pipeline laying in underground space was also analyzed. It is expected that the construction cost of pipeline sections laying in underground space will be increased by about 7.5% to 25%, but the pipeline operation and maintenance cost, as well as the accident loss, will be reduced by more than 30%. Therefore, it is suggested that the relevant feasibility study and engineering tests should be performed in the pipeline idustry in future.(5 Figures, 22 References)

With the increase in the urban underground buildings and the limitation of underground space, there are increasing double-line or even multi-line pipe jacking projects with small spacing. In the process of pipe jacking with small spacing, due to the influence of pipe-pipe interaction, the earth pressure distribution around the pipes changes greatly, which leads to difficulties in the load determination, structure calculation, and jacking force prediction and control. Combined with the back analysis of numerical simulation, based on Terzaghi’s theory of consolidation and limit equilibrium theory, the soil loosening line and the retaining line of the existing pipe are assumed, and a new calculation method of vertical earth pressure on the vault of parallel pipe jacking with small spacing is established. The effects of soil shear strength, pipe diameter, and pipe spacing on the earth pressure are analyzed, and the calculated earth pressure on the vault of the new pipe is compared with those calculated by the soil column theory and Terzaghi’s theory without considering the influence of the existing pipe. The results show that the vertical earth pressure of the new pipe jacking vault increases with the increase in the soil shear strength, but the earth pressure on both sides of the new pipe jacking decreases. When the shear strength is large, the earth pressure on the vault calculated by this method is smaller than that calculated by Terzaghi’s theory. When the shear strength is small, the earth pressure on the vault calculated by this method is larger than that calculated by Terzaghi’s theory. When the buried depth of the pipe increases, the earth pressure on the vault of the new pipe jacking increases, but compared with the soil column theory and Terzaghi’s theory, the earth pressure increment is smaller. With the increase of the spacing between the two pipes, the earth pressure on the vault of the new pipe jacking arch increases.

ObjectiveTo develop a method for the simultaneous and rapid detection of five mushroom toxins （α-amanitin， phallacidin， muscimol， muscarine and psilocin） in blood by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry （UPLC-HRMS）.MethodsThe blood samples were precipitated with acetonitrile-water solution（Vacetonitril∶Vwater=3∶1） and PAX powder， then separated on ACQUITY Premier C18 column， eluted gradient. Five kinds of mushroom toxins were monitored by FullMS-ddMS2/positive ion scanning mode， and qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted according to the accurate mass numbers of primary and secondary fragment ions.ResultsAll the five mushroom toxins had good linearity in their linear range， with a determination coefficient （R2）≥0.99. The detection limit was 0.2-20 ng/mL. The ration limit was 0.5-50 ng/mL. The recoveries of low， medium and high additive levels were 89.6%-101.4%， the relative standard deviation was 1.7%-6.7%， the accuracy was 90.4%-101.3%， the intra-day precision was 0.6%-9.0%， the daytime precision was 1.7%-6.3%， and the matrix effect was 42.2%-129.8%.ConclusionThe method is simple， rapid， high recovery rate， and could be used for rapid and accurate qualitative screening and quantitative analysis of various mushroom toxins in biological samples at the same time， so as to provide basis for the identification of mushroom poisoning events.

Objective To investigate the translational regulation of human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cell line. Methods Polysome profiling coupled with Western blot was used to verify the translational activity of HEK293 cells. RPL10A and RPS17 RNA immunoprecipitation coupled with sequencing (RIP-seq) and bioinformatic analysis were used to investigate the actively translating mRNAs. Results A total of 129 genes were found in the RNA immunoprecipitation experiments RPL10A and RPS17, among which 93.8% were protein-coding genes and enriched in RNA splicing, metabolism, MAPK signal pathway, chromatin localization and RNA transport. Conclusions A variety of molecules involved in HEK293 cells translation are obtained by RPL10A and RPS17 RIP-seq analysis.

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of different levels of Clostridium butyricum supplementation on the gas production, fermentation parameters, and nutrient digestibility in TMR diet by in vitro gas production method, so as to determine the appropriate amount of Clostridium butyricum supplementation in beef cattle diet. Holstein steers with permanent fistula were selected as rumen fluid donors and TMR as culture substrate. The control group (CON group) only contained the culture substrate, while the Clostridium butyricum test group added Clostridium butyricum with the concentrations of 2x108 (CB1 group), 4x108 (CB2 group), 6x108 (CB3 group), 8x108 (CB4 group) and 10x108 CFU/kg (CB5 group) on the basis of the culture substrate, with six replicates at each level. The results showed that the in vitro gas production of CB1 group was significantly lower than that of other groups when the fermentation time was 2 h and 4 h (P<0.05). When the fermentation time was 12 h, the in vitro gas production of CB3 group, CB2 group, CB4 group, and CB5 group was significantly higher than that of CON group and CB1 group (P<0.05). The pH value in each experimental group were significantly lower than those in CON group (P<0.05), while the content of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was significantly higher than that in CON group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference among the experimental groups (P>0.05). The concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, and total acid in CB3 group, CB4 group and CB5 group were significantly higher than those in CON group (P<0.05). Isobutyric acid content in CB1 group, CB2 group and CB3 group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P<0.05). Dry matter digestibility (DMD) and neutral detergent fiber degradation (NDFD) of each experimental group were significantly higher than those of CON group (P<0.05). The degradation rate of acid detergent fiber (ADFD) in CB2 group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P<0.05). The study indicates that the addition of Clostridium butyricum can increase gas production, NH3-N, acetic acid, propionic acid, total volatile acid content and DMD. The suitable addition of Clostridium butyricum is 6x108 CFU/kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To realize the real-time prediction of slag composition in the smelting process and provide the assistance to the operations in electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking process such as charging, the influence factors on the slag composition in the furnace (furnace reaction, charging, and slag overflowing) were studied, and the real-time prediction model of slag composition in EAF steelmaking process was established. In the results, the model could predict the slag quality, the slag composition, and the oxidation status of Fe element in the furnace in real time, providing the guidance for the auxiliary material charging and the slag flowing in the smelting process. Compared with the slag sampling results, the average relative errors of CaO, SiO2, and FeO content in the slag between the actual measurement and the model predicted values were 12.66%, 11.17%, and 19.16%, respectively.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of autonomic nerve dysfunction and sympathetic skin response (SSR) in patients with gout. Methods A total of 25 patients with gout diagnosed from March 2017 to January 2018 were enrolled, including 10 patients with tophus and 8 patients with autonomic nerve dysfunction(symptomatic). EMG was used to detect SSR. Results The main symptoms of autonomic nervous dysfunction in the gout group were abnormal sweat glands. Compared with the normal control group, the lower extremity latency period of patients in the gout group was prolonged (Z=⁃2.136, P =0.033) and the amplitude was reduced (Z =⁃2.959, P =0.003). Lower extremity amplitude of the symptomatic group was lower than that of the normal control group (Z =⁃3.426, P = 0.001) and the asymptomatic group (Z = ⁃3.308, P=0.001). The lower extremity amplitude of patients in tophout group was lower than that in the control group(Z =⁃3.176, P=0.001) and the non⁃tophout group(Z =⁃2.301, P= 0.021), while the lower extremity latency period of patients without tophout was prolonged(Z=⁃2.518, P= 0.120)and the amplitude was reduced(Z=⁃2.327, P=0.020),which were statistically significant different from the control group. Conclusions Abnormal autonomic nerve function exists in gout patients, mainly in lower limb injury, especially in patients with tophus or symptoms of autonomic nerve dysfunction. SSR can objectively evaluate the autonomic nerve function state.

In order to solve the problems of the low feeding rate, incomplete digestion of Monopterus albus, and nitrogen pollution of water, the study aimed to isolate high-yield protease producing strains from artificially cultivated Monopterus albus, which will provide strain resources for the production of microbial proteases and the development of probiotics in the future. High-yield protease producing strains were preliminarily isolated from the artificially cultivated Monopterus albus by the combination of the transparent circle method of skimmed milk powder culture medium for primary screening and the Folin-phenol method for secondary screening to measure protease activity. The safety of the strains was tested through a hemolysis test and a drug sensitivity test, and the strains were identified by adopting a combination method of the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the strain. The fermentation conditions for protease production were optimized through single factor and orthogonal experiments. A high-yield protease producing strain named Ma-4 was screened, and it was identified as Bacillus aryabhattai, which can also produce the hydrogen peroxide enzyme. Its optimal enzyme production conditions were the fermentation time of 48 h, the fermentation temperature of 36, the optimal amount of soluble starch of 15 g/L, the optimal amount of beef powder of 15 g/L, and the pH value of 6.0. After optimization, the enzyme activity increased to 288.14 U/mL, representing a 3.34-fold improvement. The study indicates that the strain Ma-4 is a high protease-producing, catalase-producing, non-hemolytic and drug-resistant Bacillus aryabhattai, which can provide strain resources for the development of micro-ecological preparations of Monopterus albus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels, based on Fe-Cr alloys, have been considered to be one of the most promising candidate structural materials for future fusion reactors. Dislocation loops, as one of the most common microstructures induced by radiation, are the key factors in the deterioration of material properties. Dislocation loops with different Burgers vectors have different effects on material properties. Currently, a consensus exists suggesting that there are two kinds of dislocation loops with Burgers vectors of 1/2 〈111〉 and 〈100〉 in bcc iron-based alloys. In this study, the Burgers vectors of dislocation loops formed at the annealing temperatures of 400, 500, and 550℃ in hydrogen-ion implanted Fe-9%Cr model alloy were examined based on dislocation loop maps and dislocation loop invisibility criteria. Dislocation loop maps manifest such that under the 〈100〉 or 〈110〉 zone axes, it is easy to distinguish 1/2 〈111〉 and 〈100〉 edge dislocation loops, while under the 〈111〉 zone axis, the loops cannot be distinguished. By direct comparison between loop maps and loop images obtained through transmission electron microscope (TEM), the dislocation loops with Burgers vectors of 1/2 〈111〉 and 〈100〉, formed at different annealing temperatures, were characterized. The results of the characterization show that with increasing annealing temperature, the size of the dislocation loops increases while density decreases. Furthermore, the proportion of dislocation loops with a Burgers vector of 〈100〉 increases with rising temperature. After annealing at 400℃ and 500℃, the percentages of 〈100〉 type dislocation loops are 16.48% and 92.78% respectively, in hydrogen-ion implanted Fe-9%Cr alloy. While the temperature is raised to 550℃, all the dislocation loops are of 〈100〉 type loops. This indicates that the transition temperature range of dislocation loops in Fe-9%Cr is 400℃-500℃. Compared with pure iron, the presence of Cr element promotes the transition temperature of dislocation loops from 1/2 〈111〉 type to 〈100〉 type.

Objective To analyze the relationship between the number of pelvic ring fractures, the location of fracture and Tile type of pelvic fracture and pelvic fracture healing status. To discuss how to understand the pelvic malunion, severe pelvic malunion and bony pelvis deformity （destruction） in Classification of the Impairment Related to Injury. Methods One hundred and ninety-eight cases of evaluation of body impairment class of pelvic fracture caused by traffic accident accepted by Zhongcheng Institute of Forensic Science in 2016 were collected. The cases were statistically analyzed in terms of the distribution of the number of pelvic ring fracture, the location of pelvic ring fracture and Tile type of pelvic fracture in various healing statuses. Results There were 16 cases without pelvic ring fracture, 18 cases of single pelvic ring fracture, 91 cases of 2 pelvic ring fractures, 73 cases of 3 or more pelvic ring fractures, 136 cases of anterior or posterior pelvic ring fractures, 46 cases of simultaneous anterior and posterior ring fractures. There were 34 cases of Tile A type, 130 cases of Tile B type and 24 cases of Tile C type. Statistical analysis results showed that, the differences in distribution of the number of pelvic ring fracture, the location of pelvic ring fracture and Tile type of pelvic ring fracture in various healing statuses had statistical significance （P

The application of the bottom-blowing process in electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking process can shorten the mixing time of the molten bath effectively;accelerate the removal of carbon, phosphorus, and sulfur;as well as improve the production efficiency and product quality.The velocity field of molten steel flow under different gas flow rates in eccentric bottom tapping (EBT) zone of EAF was simulated using simulation software.The average velocity of molten steel in the EBT zone was increased from 2.805×10-3■flow rates in EBT zone were increased from 100 to 267 L·min-1 (the rest gas flow rates were maintained at 133 L·min-1) .An empirical formula of gas flow rates in EBT and molten steel flow was obtained.A prediction model for carbon content was proposed based on molten steel stirred via bottom blowing during the EAF steelmaking process.This provided theoretical suggestions for the homogeneity of bath and reasonable oxygen supply considering that the kinetic factor of reactions in the bath was the molten steel flow at the end point of smelting.

Vanadium-titanium magnetite is one of the important raw materials for iron making in a blast furnace. Ca3TiFe2O8, which is a mineral of vanadium-titanium sinter, was discovered to form during the process; however, its formation mechanism is not clear. In this work, an X-ray diffraction analysis, an elemental spectroscopy, and a TG-DSC were employed to investigate the formation mechanism of Ca3TiFe2O8 and the formation law at different temperatures and at CaO and TiO2 contents in the CaO-TiO2 -Fe2O3 system. The formation mechanism of Ca3TiFe2O8 is clarified:CaO reacts with Fe2O3 to form Ca2 Fe2O5, and then continues to react with the CaTiO3 to form Ca3TiFe2O8. The longer the reaction time, the greater is the amount of Ca3TiFe2O8 formed. However, the effect of temperature on the formation of Ca3TiFe2O8 is not obvious. It is found that high CaO content contributes to the formation of Ca3TiFe2O8. Further, so long as TiO2 is present, Ca3TiFe2O8 is formed under the condition of equal molar concentration Fe2O3 and CaO.

To promote the development of intelligent operation and maintenance of hydropower units, this paper proposes a robust multi-order statistic pooling (SAMOSP) normalized flow conditional probability model(NFCPM) for unsupervised abnormal sound detection of hydropower units. A self-attentive multi-order statistic pooling module (SAMOSP) is proposed for the first time in the paper. The module starts with a one-dimensional compressed convolutional layer and a bottleneck compressing the weight vector of the excitation part of the self-attentive to time frame. The weight vectors are used to compute the multi-order statistical pooling vectors. Then the different weights of the self-attentive to multi-order statistical pooling quantities of the frequency bands are subdivided and information about the significant statistics of the different frequency bands is extracted by them to obtain the self-attentive statistical pooling feature vector of the time-frequency map. Test samples of different time periods are tested in this normal data probability model, and the corresponding scores are obtained. The lower score indicates the lower probability density, the greater the degree of abnormality, thus realizing the unsupervised abnormality detection of the audio signal of the hydropower units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A direction of arrival based (DoA-based) beamforming of massive MIMO was proposed for high-speed railway scenarios.In order to guarantee that the optimal system capacity can be obtained during traveling,an iterative multi-beams scheme was proposed.It aimed to design different beams for different mobile carriage terminals (MCT) respectively.The proposal adaptively selected the number of antennas for each beam,and adaptively designed the number of beams according to system capacity.Moreover,the scheme didn’t need channel state information (CSI) that can reduce system implementation complexity and cost.Numerical results indicate that the proposed scheme is suitable for high-speed scenarios,the system performance can be improved more efficiently compared to conventional methods.

Objective To investigate aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) in oral and maxillofacial of clinical appearance, clinical treatment and prognosis. Methods From July 2003 to December 2015, 8 patients with aneurysmal bone cyst in jaw bone was treated and recorded with the general condition, clinical symptoms, imaging examinations, surgical treatment and prognosis. Results Among the 8 patients, there were 5 females and 3 males with the age from 5 to 48 years old. 5 cases happened in mandibular bone and 3 cases originated from the maxillary bone. All the patients were primary lesions and diagnosed by pathology. CT scan showed multilocular cystic expansive space occupying lesions, sep⁃ ta, residual bone crest and liquid⁃liquid form; enhanced imaging showed the tortuous and dilated small blood vessels. Cystic wall composed of spindle shaped fiber cells, tissues and cells, broken bone like multinucleated giant cells and chronic inflammatory cells form and a ribbon like structure, cysts separated by fibrous tissue containing bone and bone fragments, hemorrhage and hemosiderin deposition was observed which was confirmed under the light microscope. The main treatment of aneurysmal bone cyst was radical operation. After 1～6 years of follow⁃up, no patient was found recur⁃ rence. Conclusion The imaging findings of aneurysmal bone cyst in jaw bone was distintive, with diagnosis of the dis⁃ ease depended on pathology; the main treatment was radical operation with good prognosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of simultaneous and delayed surgery with cranial and maxil⁃ lofacial fractures with multiple systemic injuries. Methods From January 2013 to January 2015, 85 cases of patients with multiple systematic injuries and maxillofacial fractures were treated in our hospital. Fractures of the maxillofacial parts and other parts of body were divided into 2 groups, 37 cases of delayed surgery, 48 of simultaneous surgery. The degree of neurologic impairment, occlusion, mouth opening, the time in hospital, postoperative complication rate were compared between two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the prognosis of the patients on the item of Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) in the simultaneous group and the delay group at 3 months after the operation (Z = ⁃1.545, P = 0.122). The excellent occlusion rate of simultaneous group (93.75%) was significantly higher than the delayed group (75.68%) (c2 = 5.630, P = 0.018). The mouth opening of simultaneous group (34.5 ± 3.6) mm is signifi⁃ cantly higher than the delayed group (28.9 ± 3.3) mm (c2 = 7.370, P < 0.001); The time in hospital of simultaneous group (28.5 ± 5.2) d was significantly shorter than delayed group (40.1 ± 5.7) d (c2 = 9.778, P < 0.001). The postopera⁃tive complication rate of simultaneous group (8.33%) was significantly lower than that in the delay group (24.32%) (c2 = 4.124, P = 0.042). Conclusion In the case of patients with appropriate trauma degree, for patients with cranial and maxillofacial fractures and multiple systematic injury, we can take multiple department combined surgical treatment, which can shorten hospitalization time. It is beneficial to the recovery of patients􀆳 maxillofacial appearance and function. And combined operation will not affect the other combined injuries in the treatment effect.

Objective To develop a method to screen and quantify 10 common herbicides （paraquat, diquat, glyphosate, glufosinate, cyanazine, atrazine, metazachlor, acetochlor, chlorsulfuron, and metsulfuron） in blood. Methods With acetonitrile-water solution [V（acetonitrile）∶V（water）=3∶1] as protein precipitant, 10 common herbicides in blood were detected using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry （UPLC-HRMS）. Results All the 10 herbicides had good linearity in their linear range （coefficient of determination R2≥0.993）, with the recovery rates 67.4%-111.9%, the relative standard deviations 1.5%-10.8%, the accuracies 85.1%-106.1%, intra-day precisions 2.7%-13.5%, and inter-day precisions 3.3%-13.3%. Conclusion This method is easy to operate with high recovery rates. It enables rapid and accurate qualitative screening and quantitative analysis of various herbicides in blood simultaneously.

Procambarus clarkii, commonly known as "crayfish" or "freshwater crayfish", is one of the most important freshwater aquaculture species in Chinese mainland. Recently, the aquaculture area and production of the crayfish in Chinese mainland have been continuously increased. However, the stress response caused by various factors, such as climate change, transportation and environmental change has led to more and more serious problems, including explosive disease and even death during culturing the crayfish, which not only decreased the crayfish product quality, but also resulted in serious damage to the crayfish breeding industry. In this study, we first treated the crayfish by transportation and temperature stresses to select the stronger stress resistant (SSR) and the weaker stress resistant (WSR) crayfishes. Then we dissected the hepatopancreas of SSR and WSR crayfishes to compare the metabolomics by Liquid Chromotography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A total of 10292 ions were detected, from which 464 metabolites were identified to be significant different between SSR and WSR (fold change>1.2, P<0.05, and VIP>1.0). Among them, 227 metabolites were down-regulated and 237 metabolites were up-regulated in SSR relative to WSR. KEGG analysis showed that these differential metabolites were mainly enriched in amino acid metabolic pathways, including histidine metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, lysine degradation, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism. They also enriched in ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, carbohydrate metabolic pathways (pentose and glucuronate interconversions), fatty acid metabolic pathways (unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis), etc. These results indicate that there are a wide range of metabolic responses in response to transportation and temperature stress, and some metabolites related to antioxidative stress and enhancing immunity, such as γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine, taurine, and oleic acid, may play an important role in the stress resistance in P. clarkii. This study can not only provide new insights for studying mechanisms of animal stress resistance, but also have important value in developing strategies to cope with the stress response and in breeding new aquaculture strains with strong stress resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the environment of scarce spectrum resources,cognitive ad hoc network which is independent with infrastruc-ture and fixed spectrum allocation policy,has been also developed quickly.Due to the characteristic of multi-channel routing,cognitive ad hoc network is commonly perceived as an environment offering both opportunities and threats.To further un-derstand the multi-channel routing threats,the current research situation and development trend,the types of threats were analyzed in terms of the node routing and the multi-channel selection,and several typical security methods were concluded.Meanwhile,the most important solution to keep the security of cognitive radio network was found to build trust relationship among cognitive users.Trust management was just the basic technology to solve the security problems of multi-channel routing.Finally,the current problems of related works and research trends in this area were discussed.

Sweetpotato is a heliophile crop. However, it is usually shaded in the lower position in the interplanting cultivation mode. During the middle and late field growing period, it often faces rainy weather with little illumination, which affects the dry matter accumulation in tuberous roots. Thus, analyzing the metabolic response pathways of sweetpotato under shade stress will provide the theoretical basis for the varieties' genetic improvement of shade tolerance. In this study, the sweetpotato variety Zhenghong 23 was exposed to shade stress with 50% light transmittance for 15 days. Results showed that chlorophyll b and the total chlorophyll contents of Zhenghong 23 under shade stress were significantly increased compared with those under natural light. The maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), the potential activity (Fv/Fo), and the comprehensive index of photosynthetic performance (PIABS) of the chlorophyll photosystem PSII decreased significantly under shade stress. The net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency decreased significantly, while SOD and POD enzyme activities increased significantly. In addition, shade stress increased significantly the vine length and specific leaf area of Zhenghong 23, but reduced significantly the fresh weight of roots. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis of leaf tissues under shade stress and natural light conditions showed that the DEGs and DMs were mainly enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, sugar metabolism, sphinolipid metabolism, and arginine biosynthesis pathways. Most of the up-regulated DEGs enriched in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway were POD enzyme family genes, indicating that the shade stress triggered the ROS scavenging system in sweetpotato. Meanwhile, shade stress reduced sugar metabolism level of sweetpotato, decreased the soluble sugar content of leaves, inhibited both the synthesis and degradation of starch, and blocked the expansion of tuberous roots. In addition, the sphinolipid and arginine metabolism pathways may better adapt sweetptoato plants to shade stress through improving the stability of biomembranes and increase the synthetic substrates of polyamine anti-stress factors. These results provide new theoretical basis for understanding the metabolic response pathways of sweetpotato under shade stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chlorophyll is a kind of green pigment for plant photosynthesis, which has a direct effect on plant growth. In this study, bioinformatics methods were used to identify the members of SGR gene family in Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, Brassica oleracea, and Arabidopsis thaliana. Most of the 28 SGR genes contained four exons, encoding basic proteins. Chromosome mapping and syntenic analysis showed that there was no tandem duplication in the SGR gene family members of Brassica napus. SGR gene family members had a linear relationship, highly homologous in evolution, and very conserved in the evolutionary process. Moreover, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of chlorophyll content was performed using a Brassica 60K Illumina Infinium SNP array in 203 Brassica napus accessions. Two haplotype regions (Chr.A01: 6,193,165--6,317,757 bp and Chr.C01: 9,059,861--9,906,618 bp) carrying two SGR genes (BnaSGR1a-A01 and BnaSGR1-C01) were detected, which were significantly associated with chlorophyll content. Meanwhile, the regional association analysis of 50 resequenced rapeseed inbred lines revealed that a SNP located in exon 2 of BnaSGR1a-A01 significantly associated with chlorophyll content. Co-expression network analysis revealed that BnaSGR1a-A01 were directly linked with BnaSGR2-A03, and indirectly linked with BnaSGR1-C01, BnaSGR1-A08, BnaSGR2-C03, BnaSGR1-C07, BnaSGRL-C06, and BnaSGRL-A10, thus forming a molecular network involved in the potential regulation of chlorophyll content. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the total chlorophyll content of T2 Arabidopsis transgenic plants overexpressing BnasSGR1a-A01 were significantly lower than wild type, indicating that BnaSGR1a-A01 regulated chlorophyll degradation. This study laid a foundation for the functional research and utilization of SGR gene in Brassica napus L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual try-on technology has wide application and research value in promoting the informatization and intelligence of the clothing industry, and is one of the research hotspots of artificial intelligence in the field of intelligent clothing manufacturing. At present, virtual try-on mainly focuses on two-dimensional virtual try-on based on image generation. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of two-dimensional virtual try-on technology. It introduces and analyzes traditional virtual try-on, and categorizes and summarizes the main tasks, types, development process, and models of existing two-dimensional virtual try-on technology. It also discusses in detail the principles and related improvements of representative algorithms of various types. It summarizes the application of traditional virtual try-on and two-dimensional virtual try-on technology, and discusses the extension technology of two-dimensional virtual try-on technology. It summarizes and compares the benefits and drawbacks of using traditional and current virtual try-on technology, as well as summarizes and forecasts the field's future development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Federated learning, a distributed machine learning paradigm, has gained a lot of attention due to its inherent privacy protection capability and heterogeneous collaboration. However, recent studies have revealed a potential privacy risk known as "gradient leakage", where the gradients can be used to determine whether a data record with a specific property is included in another participant's batch, thereby exposing the participant's training data. Current privacy-enhanced federated learning methods may have drawbacks such as reduced accuracy, computational overhead, or new insecurity factors. To address this issue, a differential privacy-enhanced generative adversarial network model was proposed, which introduced an identifier into vanilla GAN, thus enabling the input data to be approached while satisfying differential privacy constraints. Then this model was applied to the federated learning framework, to improve the privacy protection capability without compromising model accuracy. The proposed method was verified through simulations under the client/server (C/S) federated learning architecture and was found to balance data privacy and practicality effectively compared with the DP-SGD method. Besides, the usability of the proposed model was theoretically analyzed under a peer-to-peer (P2P) architecture, and future research work was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jujube has a sweet taste and rich nutritional value, which can be used as unconventional feed in animal production. However, the water content of jujube fresh fruit is high, so it needs to be treated before it can be used as diet. Jujube powder feed is one of the ways to improve the utilization effect of jujube. The paper mainly summarizes the present situation of jujube resources, nutritional composition of jujube, types of jujube meal feed and its application and problems in animal production in China, to provide reference for the application of jujube meal as unconventional feed in animal production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the coexistence and increasing interference of satellite-terrestrial network and terrestrial wireless network,a typical scenario where the geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite-terrestrial network and the 4G mobile communication network coexist heterogeneously was analyzed.Besides,a multi-user cognitive system model that secondary satellite terminals interfere the primary multiple input multiple output (MIMO) 4G based stations was also proposed,with whose general signal processing was deduced.Meanwhile,digital beam forming (DBF) technology in 4G based station system was adopted to minimize the cognitive interference caused by multi-antennas and multi-users.And an optimal beam weight based on fixed azimuth interference (OBW-FAI) was proposed.Weight vector was only related to the azimuth of the interferences,thus the proposed algorithm does not need real-time and repeat calculations,and had small complexity.Finally,the numerical simulation results verify that the proposed system and algorithm can effectively reduce interference between satellite-terrestrial network and terrestrial wireless network to a certain extent.

Various graph-based algorithms for semi-supervised learning have been proposed in recent literatures. How-ever, although classification on homogeneous networks has been studied for decades, classification on heterogeneous networks has not been explored until recently. The semi-supervised classification problem on query-document heteroge-neous information network which incorporate the bipartite graph with the content information from both sides is consid-ered. In order to strengthen the network structure, class information of sample nodes is introduced. A semi-supervised learning algorithm based on two frameworks including the novel graph-based regularization framework and the iterative framework is investigated. In the regularization framework, a new cost function to consider the direct relationship be-tween two entity sets and the content information from both sides which leads to a significant improvement over the baseline methods is developed. Experimental results demonstrate that proposed method achieves the best performance with consistent and promising improvements.

Digital Array Radar (DAR) has the ability of simultaneous multimode imaging and has many potential applications. This paper firstly introduces the basic hardware structure and the operation principle of DAR. Combined with the Digital BeamForming (DBF) technique, six operational modes that can be used in multimode Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging are proposed, and the corresponding novel imaging modes are produced. Moreover, the design of the novel imaging modes is introduced in detail. The simulation results confirm the efficiency and precision of the imaging modes.

The convergence performance of the fractional-order Darwinian particle swarm optimization (FO-DPSO) al-gorithm depends on the fractional-order α, and it can easily get trapped in the local optima. To overcome such shortcom-ing, an adaptive fractional-order Darwinian particle swarm optimization (AFO-DPSO) algorithm was proposed. In AFO-DPSO, both particle's position and velocity information were utilized adequately, together an adaptive acceleration coefficient control strategy and mutation processing mechanism were introduced for better convergence performance. Testing results on several well-known functions demonstrate that AFO-DPSO substantially enhances the performance in terms of convergence speed, solution accuracy and algorithm stability. Compared with PSO, HPSO, DPSO, APSO, FO-PSO, FO-DPSO and NCPSO, the global optimality of AFO-DPSO are greatly improved.

A novel alive entropy-based detection approach was proposed,which detects the abnormal network traffic based on the values of alive entropies.The alive entropies calculated based on the NetFlow data coming from the network traffic of input and output of a whole system,which is essentially a monitored network.In order to decrease false positive rate of abnormal network traffic,different scales are selected to compute the values of alive entropies in different sizes of network traffic.With the low false positive rate of abnormal network traffic,the abnormal network traffic can be effectively detected.Experiments carried out on a real campus network were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.A comparative study illustrates that the proposed approach may easily detect the abnormal network traffic with random characteristics in comparison with some “conventional” approaches reported in the literatures.