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Background Dysphagia, a prevalent geriatric syndrome, has been witnessing an upward trend in incidence rates, potentially leading to severe complications like aspiration pneumonia and asphyxia. Despite its significance, research on the prevalence and determinants of dysphagia among community-dwelling elderly remains scarce. Objective This study aims to ascertain the prevalence of dysphagia among Shanghai's elderly community by identifying influencing factors and analyzing occurrence rates and determinants across different age brackets. Methods Employing a cross-sectional survey approach, the study was conducted from July 2022 to May 2023. Using convenience sampling, the study involved 358 individuals aged 60 and above, selected from the outpatient and home care services of five community health service centers in Huangpu, Baoshan and Fengxian Districts of Shanghai. Demographic data were collected, and measurements of the Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Index (ASMI), grip strength, and walking speed were taken. The Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10) was utilized to assess the risk of dysphagia among the elderly. Results Out of the 358 community-dwelling elderly individuals surveyed, 80 (22.3%) exhibited symptoms of dysphagia (EAT-10≥3) (dysphagia group). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified advanced age (≥80 years) (OR=18.484, 95%CI=3.571-95.679), depressive state (OR=4.135, 95%CI=1.280-13.364), and a history of choking (OR=13.650, 95%CI=4.345-42.877) as significant risk factors for dysphagia (P

Objective: To understand bacterial composition and obtain isolated fermentative strains found in kombucha. Methods: The bacterial composition and dominant strains were analyzed using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology and traditional microbial culture method. Results: High-throughput sequencing showed that the bacterial community is richer and more diverse than the fungi community. Komagataeibacter, Acetobacter and Lactobacillus were the dominant bacterial strains, while Dekkera and Zygosacchaormyces were the dominant fungal strains. At the same time, 7 strains of acetic acid bacteria, 3 strains of yeast and 1 strain of lactic acid bacteria were isolated by traditional plate culture method, including 1 strain of Komagataeibacter saccharivorans, 1 strain of Acetobacter malorum, 4 strains of Komagataeibacter xylinus, 1 strain of Acetobacter, 2 strains of Zygosaccharomyces bailii, 1 strain of Dekkera bruxelensis and 1 strain of Lactobacillus plantarum. Conclusion: The results from high throughput sequencing were consistent with those obtained from traditional culture method.

The aim of this research was to optimize the polysaccharides extraction process from the peels of Akebia trifoliate, and evaluate its in vitro antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity. The ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of polysaccharides from the peels of Akebia trifoliate was optimized using single-factor combined with orthogonal experiment. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from the peels of Akebia trifoliate was investigated by using DPPH radical scavenging rate and total reducing ability as the indicators. The hypoglycemic activity of polysaccharides from the peels of Akebia trifoliate was explored using α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition rate as the indicators. The results demonstrated that the optimal ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of polysaccharides from the peels of Akebia trifoliate was ultrasound power 280 W, ultrasound time 60 min, extraction temperature 50 °C, solid-liquid ratio 1:40 g/mL, respectively. Under the optimal process condition, the extraction rate of polysaccharides from the peels of Akebia trifoliate was 5.91%±0.20%. Within the measured concentration range, polysaccharides from the peels of Akebia trifoliate had the preferable DPPH radical scavenging and reducing ability. In addition, the IC50 values of polysaccharides from the peels of Akebia trifoliate and VC for scavenging DPPH free radicals were 0.329 and 0.077 mg/mL, separately. The IC50 values of polysaccharides from the peels of Akebia trifoliate for inhibiting α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity were 0.386 and 0.307 mg/mL, respectively. This research proved that the polysaccharides from the peels of Akebia trifoliate extracted by this optimal process had better in vitro antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (fifth edition) was released. One of the biggest differences between new edition tumors classification and the previous editions is that the pediatric ⁃ type diffuse low ⁃ grade gliomas and the pediatric ⁃ type diffuse high ⁃ grade gliomas are classified into independent tumor families. This change is based on the fact that although pediatric ⁃ type diffuse gliomas morphologically resemble their adult counterparts, while their molecular genetics features are completely different, and the prognosis of these tumors with different molecular genetics features is different accordingly, so different treatment strategies are needed. Physicians and surgeons need to know of the features of these pediatric ⁃ type diffuse gliomas. This paper reviews the existing literature, and the pathological reports and imaging data of our hospital, summarizes the imaging and pathological diagnostic features, as well as the clinical manifestations, prognostic features and treatment suggestions of these pediatric⁃type diffuse gliomas. This review will provide an annotation from the view of diagnosis and treatment on pediatric⁃type diffuse gliomas for the physicians and surgeons.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins with transcriptional activity, which are involved in the pathogenesis and formation of skin lesions of atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, skin tumors and other dermatosis, and are related to the severity of dermatosis. Different STAT has different pathways in dermatosis. STAT regulate cell signal transduction, affect the expression of downstream factors, and exert biological effects. Further study of STAT expression level and targeted genes to explore the relationship between STAT and dermatosis will help to find potential therapeutic targets for dermatosis.

BackgroundSichuan Radiation Environmental Management and Monitoring Center participated in the radiation environmental monitoring quality assessment organized by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment in 2020. Two total radioactivity standards prepared by Eckert & Zigler Analytics Corporation were used for test samples in this assessment.PurposeThis study aims to establish an indirect method for the estimation of total α or total β activities in the test samples based on HPGe spectrometer, and to provide some useful references for the application of this method in the analysis of aerosol total radioactivity.MethodsThe low background BE6530 HPGe spectrometer produced by Canberra (US) was used to identify nuclides of test samples and to collect their γ spectra data. Laboratory sourceless calibration software (LabSOCS) was used to calibrate the efficiency of the HPGe spectrometer. A γ-rays standard sample with multiple nuclides in an aerosol filter membrane and a self-made reference sample in an aerosol filter membrane were applied to confirm the reliability of the method established in this work.ResultsA formula is derived for the estimation of total α or total β activities by γ spectra data. The measurement results and uncertainties of total α and total β activities in the two test samples are 61.2 Bq and 73.2 Bq, 6.6% (k=2) and 3.6% (k=2), respectively. The results are all qualified after the Z-score evaluation. In addition, the parameter setting in LabSOCS, background deduction of γ spectra, γ peak selection and γ cascade radiation correction are discussed, which provides a useful reference for the application of this method in the total radioactivity analysis.ConclusionsThe indirect method established in this work has a good accuracy and can be applied in the analysis of aerosol total radioactivity.

Runway incursions have become an important factor that threaten the safe operation of aviation. Based on the thoughts of system engineering, main factors causing runway incursion incidents and their associated relationships are analyzed and a runway incursion risk assessment index system is established from three aspects of airports, air traffic control, and airlines; The traditional analytic network process is improved by triangular fuzzy numbers, and a research model for runway incursion risk assessment is established based on this; Through the analysis of examples, the main factors affecting the runway incursion risk are obtained. The results show that the method is feasible and effective, which can reflect the relationship between risk factors and reduce the influence of subjective judgment on the index weight, and help develop effective measures to prevent runway incursions. The workload of controller, lost situation awareness and deviation operation/negligence of pilot are main risk factors during the production of runway incursion.

The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (fifth edition) was released. One of the biggest differences between new edition tumors classification and the previous editions is that the pediatric - type diffuse low - grade gliomas and the pediatric - type diffuse high - grade gliomas are classified into independent tumor families. This change is based on the fact that although pediatric - type diffuse gliomas morphologically resemble their adult counterparts, while their molecular genetics features are completely different, and the prognosis of these tumors with different molecular genetics features is different accordingly, so different treatment strategies are needed. Physicians and surgeons need to know of the features of these pediatric - type diffuse gliomas. This paper reviews the existing literature, and the pathological reports and imaging data of our hospital, summarizes the imaging and pathological diagnostic features, as well as the clinical manifestations, prognostic features and treatment suggestions of these pediatric-type diffuse gliomas. This review will provide an annotation from the view of diagnosis and treatment on pediatric-type diffuse gliomas for the physicians and surgeons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the study which investigates the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of cefquinome in pigs.

Rock micro-structure always developed with changing of external circumstances. To investigate the micro-structure the micro-structure development of glauberite under different solutions, serried of experiments were performed with cuboid glauberite specimens in size of 4 mmx4 mmx9 mm, the micro-structure development of the specimens were tested and recorded through a micro-CT system μCT225kVFCB. Through statistic analysis, some characteristics of porosity and pore diameter of glauberite were discovered with concentration and temperature changing of the solutions. The results show that the mineral dissolution of the specimens develops slowly from the outside to the inside, and it is the typical mutual acceleration of dissolution and seepage process. After 48 hours, the porosity of glauberite dissolved in fresh water at RT is almost as tenfold as that of original specimen. However, the porosity of glauberite dissolved in half-saturated and saturated saline solutions only increases one to two times as the original. With solution temperature increasing, the porosity increase rate of glauberite in 95 °C solution is improved by 4 to 5 times than room temperature. Temperature and concentration play a significant role on the porosity development of glauberite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rainwater and rainfall runoff of roofs in the central district of Beijing from June to September in 2019 were sampled and analyzed to study the characteristics of the water quality, the first flush effect, and the main influential factors and sources of pollutants. The results showed that the roof runoff was seriously polluted by total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, and total suspended solids whose event mean concentration (EMC) exceeded the fifth level of environmental quality standards for surface water (GB 3838-2002) (the EMC of suspended solids exceeded the second level of discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plants (GB 18918-2002)). The rainwater was relatively less polluted than the rainfall runoff, but the EMC of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen of the rainwater also exceeded the standard in some rainfall events. The first flush intensity of the rainfall runoffs was between weak and medium. The sequence of strength of the first flush of different pollutants was ammonia nitrogen>total suspended solids>chemical oxygen demand>total nitrogen>mercury>zinc>total phosphorus>lead. The concentration of total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, and total phosphorus in roof runoff were significantly positively correlated with the length of rainfall and the dry period and negatively correlated with the rainfall intensity. According to the results of principal component analysis, the main pollutant in rainwater was nitrogen emitted by vehicles, and the main pollutants in roof runoffs were suspended solids, organic matters, and phosphorus pollutants released from the aging of roofing materials and the corrosion of metal down pipes.

This study analyzed the seasonal variation, sources, and source-specific health risks of PM 2.5 -bound metals in Xinxiang city, Henan province. A total of 112 daily PM 2.5 samples were collected over four consecutive seasons during 2019-2020. In total, 19 elements were identified using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The annual concentrations of PM 2.5 and 11 heavy metals were calculated to be (66.25±35.73) μg·m -3 and (1.32±0.84) μg·m -3 , respectively. Strong seasonal variations were observed in PM 2.5 concentrations and the concentrations of associated metal elements, with the lowest concentrations all occurring in summer. The highest concentrations of dust-related elements (e.g., Al, Ca, Fe, Mg,and Ti) were recorded in spring, differing significantly from other elements, which all exhibited the highest mass concentrations in winter. The results apportioned from positive matrix factorization (PMF) and potential source contribution function (PSCF) models showed that the major sources of PM 2.5 -bound elements were Ni-and Co-related emissions (5.8%), motor vehicles (13.7%), Cd-related emissions(5.1%), combustion emissions (18.2%), and dust (57.3%). Health risk models showed that there were no obvious non-carcinogenic risks associated with these metals, because their hazard quotient (HQ) values were all below 1. Lifetime carcinogenic risks of the five apportioned sources were all higher than the acceptable level (1×10 -6 ). Of these five sources, combustion emissions were the largest contributors to cancer risk (8.74×10 -6 , 36.9%) and non-cancer risk (0.60, 25.6%). This study suggests that control strategies to mitigate exposure risk in Xinxiang should emphasize reducing the sources of combustion emissions.

This study aims to complement existing research on the carbon cycle of water in reservoirs, for the effective control of nutrient input in drinking water. The content and isotopic compositions of water dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from the Miyun Reservoir watershed in Beijing were studied, and water from the Jingmi diversion canal was also studied as a baseline reference. The results showed that the content of DOC in the Miyun Reservoir watershed in summer varied from 1.07 to 5.19 mg·L -1 , with an average value of 2.61 mg·L -1 . DOC in tributaries was lower than that of most rivers in China and globally, while DOC in reservoirs, particularly in Miyun Reservoir, was high. The high water level might be the main reason for the high DOC in the Miyun Reservoir. In summer, the δ 13 C DOC in the Miyun Reservoir watershed ranged from -27.4‰ to -24.3‰, with an average value of -25.8‰. Results from the isotopic analysis showed that the water in the Miyun Reservoir watershed was less affected by human sources, with the exception of some points. In summer, DOC in tributaries and in the Miyun Reservoir was mainly derived from soil organic matter and terrestrial C3 plants. In addition, endogenous substances also contributed to DOC in the watershed. DOC concentration increased along the Chao and Bai Rivers, and DOC from soil erosion and human sources was higher in the Chao River. The δ 13 C DIC in the study area varied from -12.6‰ to 5.75‰, with a mean value of -9.44‰. The weathering of carbonate rocks accounted for the major river DIC, and DIC had been clearly assimilated by the phytoplankton by photosynthesis. DOC and DIC in the Miyun Reservoir were significantly higher than in the Jingmi diversion canal ( P <0.01), and the δ 13 C DIC in the Miyun Reservoir showed a clear positive deviation. This indicated that there were differences in carbon concentration and components in the two kinds of water, which might affect the denitrification capacity of the water in the Miyun Reservoir after mixing. In general, the dissolved carbon in the water of the Miyun Reservoir watershed is less affected by human sources. The conversion of DIC to DOC may also be a potential source of DOC in the study area.

To understand the adaptive strategies of three tree species used for soil and water conservation in the hilly area of eastern Ordos Plateau, Hippophae rhamnoides , Pinus tabuliformis and Armeniaca sibirica, we measured the δ 18 O value of xylem water of branch and potential water sources and the δ 13 C value of leaves, and analyzed the relative contribution of each potential water sources to different tree species by multiple linear mixing model. We further compared the seasonal dynamic and inter-specific variation of water source and water use efficiency (WUE). The results showed that H. rhamnoides , P. tabuliformis and A. sibirica mainly used soil water in 10 cm layer in May, accounting for 88.5%, 94.0% and 91.6% of their total water uptake, respectively. In July, H. rhamnoides mainly used soil water in 10-25 cm layer (44.6%) and rain water (35.4%), P. tabuli-formis mainly used rain water (93.7%), and A. sibirica mainly used soil water in 25-100 cm layer (55.9%) and rain water (36.8%). In September, H. rhamnoides mainly used soil water in 25 cm and 75-100 cm layers (88.9%), P. tabuliformis mainly used soil water in 10 cm and 50-75 cm layers (84.5%), and A. sibirica used that in 10-100 cm layer. WUE of H. rhamnoides in May was significantly higher than that in July and September. WUE of P. tabuliformis in July was significantly higher than that in September. WUE of H. rhamnoides was significantly higher than that of P. tabuliformis and A. sibirica in May and July. Three tree species use different depths of soil water or rainwater based on their availability in different seasons. H. rhamnoides and P. tabuliformis could improve their WUE to adapt to environmental change under drought, which might be more suitable for local semi-arid environment than A. sibirica .

Objective: To study the structural features of intestinal flora in preterm rats with cognitive impairment and the association of the change in intestinal flora with cognitive impairment in preterm rats., Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats at 16-17 days of gestation were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide for two consecutive days to establish a model of cognitive impairment, and the rats treated with intraperitoneally injected phosphate-buffered saline were established as the control group. Cesarean section was performed on day 21 of gestation, and preterm rats were randomly assigned to healthy maternal rats for feeding. The place navigation test in the Morris water maze was used to evaluate cognition on day 30 after birth. According to the result, the preterm rats were divided into cognitive impairment group with 21 rats and normal control group with 10 rats. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe pathological changes of the hippocampus, and fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing and analysis. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed for intestinal flora., Results: Compared with the normal control group, the cognitive impairment group showed degeneration and necrosis of a large number of neurons in the hippocampus. Compared with the normal control group, the cognitive impairment group had significant reductions in the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora (P<0.05), with a significant increase in the abundance of Proteobacteria at the phylum level (P<0.05), as well as significant reductions in the abundance of Prevotella and Lactobacillus and significant increases in the abundance of Staphylococcaceae and Oligella at the order, family, and genus levels (P<0.05). PCA showed a significant difference in the composition of intestinal flora between the two groups., Conclusions: There is a significant change in the structure of intestinal flora in preterm rats with cognitive impairment, which provides a basis for the treatment and intervention of microecological changes due to cognitive impairment after preterm birth.

This study was carried out to analyze the changes of growth, the contents of carbohydrates and soluble protein of Zoysia japonica clonal ramets under nutrient heterogeneity, where the connected and disconnected ramets were treated with different nutrient levels. The results indicated that under the nutrient heterogeneity the parent ramets in middle or high nutrient levels improved the aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, and total biomass, with the enhancement of 32.5%, 22.1% and 24.8% at high nutrient level, respectively, reduced the root/shoot ratio, the contents of soluble sugar and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), with the reduction of 7.7%, 15.2% and 13.1% in high nutrient level, respectively, but had no significant impacts on the contents of starch, cellulous, and soluble protein of the connected daughter ramets. The daughter ramets in middle and high nutrient levels had no significant impacts on the growth and the contents of carbohydrates and soluble protein of the connected parent ramets. There was a significant physiological integration effects from parent to the daughter ramets on the biomass, root/shoot, the contents of soluble sugar and NSC. The intensity of physiological integration was proportional to the nutrient gradient of ramets, but had no significant physiological integration effects on the contents of starch, cellulous and soluble protein. The daughter ramets had no physiological integration for any indicator of the parent ramets. There was a unidirectional physiological integration between parent and daughter ramets of Z. japonica.

Objective: To collect the main contents of research in critical care medicine in foreign countries with the purpose of providing references for domestic research., Methods: A two-way clustering analysis of foreign literature in PubMed concerning critical care medicine was conducted from 2004 to 2015 in this study, and the subjects of greatest interest were collected through the information visualization analysis pathway., Results: Eight areas of most popular interest critical care medicine from January 1st, 2004 to November 8th, 2015 were found: blood sugar control in intensive care unit (ICU), acute kidney injury (AKI) and renal replacement therapy (RRT), nutritional support, the impact of ICU practice on reducing mortality, the assessment of critical patients, study of antibiotic resistance, the assessment of the life quality of critically ill patients, and home care and the rehabilitation of critically ill patients. According to the related literature, research in the field of critical care medicine has been growing steadily. USA, Japan, and Europe are the most developed countries or area in the field of critical care medicine. The four major research networks concerning research in critical care medicine were found: the control of blood glucose, monitor of circulatory function, nutritional support, and studies on AKI., Conclusion: The most popular topics in research concerning critical care medicine research from 2004 to 2015 were blood glucose control, monitoring of circulatory function, nutritional support and AKI.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic significance of basophil activation test (BAT) in anaphylaxis to non-ionic contrast media through testing the content of CD63, mast cell-carboxypeptidase A3 (MC-CPA3), and terminal complement complex SC5b-9 of the individuals by testing their levels in the normal immune group and the anaphylaxis groups to β-lactam drugs and non -ionic contrast media., Methods: The CD63 expression of basophilic granulocyte in blood was detected by flow cytometry. The levels of MC-CPA3 in blood serum and SC5b-9 in blood plasma were detected by ELISA., Results: The CD63 expression of basophilic granulocyte in blood, the levels of MC-CPA3 and SC5b-9 of anaphylaxis to non-ionic contrast media and β-lactam drugs were significantly higher than that in normal immune group (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: There is activation of basophilic granulocytes, mast cells and complement system in anaphylaxis to non-ionic contrast media. BAT can be used to diagnose the anaphylaxis to non-ionic contrast media.

The study was aimed to investigate the mechanism of mannan-binding lectin (MBL) on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human peripheral blood monocyte-derived dendritic cell (DC) maturation. The monocytes were prepared from the peripheral blood of healthy adult volunteers. The immature dendritic cells (imDC) were induced by 5-day-culture in medium supplemented with rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4. FACS was used to investigate the interaction of MBL with imDC and the impact of MBL on LPS binding to imDC. ELISA and Western blot was used to analyze the interaction of MBL with soluble TLR4 ectodomain protein (sTLR4); Western blot was used to detect LPS-induced NF-κB translocation in imDC. The results showed that MBL could directly bind to imDC in the presence of calcium. sTLR4 protein or LPS could competitively inhibit the binding of MBL to imDC. ELISA and Western blot showed that MBL could evidently bind to sTLR4 protein in a concentration-dependent manner. FACS showed that MBL could competitively inhibit the binding of LPS to imDC by binding to imDC directly. Western blot showed that MBL decreased LPS-induced NF-κB translocation in imDC. It is concluded that MBL may competitively inhibit the binding of LPS to imDC by binding to TLR4 expressed on imDC, resulted in inhibition of LPS-induced DC maturation, suggesting that MBL can regulate DC maturation through ligand-binding. This study provides the good foundation to clarify the mechanism of MBL inhibiting the LPS-induced DC maturation.

Objective: To investigate the effect of conductive keratoplasty (CK) for presbyopia and 2 years follow-up., Methods: This study is prospective clinical trial. CK was performed on 34 patients for presbyopia, in which 26 hyperopic patients underwent binocular operations and 8 emmetropic patients underwent monocular operation. The following-up time was 24 months., Results: At 24 months postoperatively, for the hyperopia group, binocular uncorrected near visual acuity (33 cm) (5-logMAR) (4.63 ± 0.12) was increased significantly (t = 9.237, P < 0.001) compared pre-operatively (4.06 ± 0.15); binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (4.99 ± 0.02) was significantly increased (t = 6.718, P < 0.05) compared pre-operatively (4.82 ± 0.21); for the emmetropia group, binocular uncorrected near visual acuity (33 cm) (5-logMAR) (4.68 ± 0.16) was increased significantly (t = 10.413, P < 0.001) compared pre-operatively (4.13 ± 0.18); binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity was same as pre-operative one; compared pre-operatively (+0.97 ± 0.63D), manifest refractive spherical equivalent was decreased significantly (P < 0.001) to peak value (-1.21 ± 1.00) D at 1 week, and then regressed to a relative plateau (-0.40 ± 0.70) D at 24 months; the regressive rate was decreased from (+0.35 ± 0.44) D/month at 1 month postoperatively to (+0.01 ± 0.01) D/months at 24 months postoperatively. Contrast sensitivity and glare sensitivity, intraocular pressure, tear break-up time, endothelial cell count, central corneal thickness, stereopsis function and best corrected visual acuity were not significantly changed., Conclusions: For treatment of presbyopia, CK appeared to be safe, effective, refractive-predictable and controllable, and relatively stable at 24 months post-operatively. More long-time follow-up is necessary for further evaluation.

ArcGIS analysis was applied to study the content level and the spatial distribution characteristics of As and Pb in street dust of Huludao city. Geoaccumulation Indexes and Potential Ecological Risk Index technique were applied to assess the ecological risk of As and Ph. The average contents of As and Pb were 33.10 mg x kg(-1) and 533.2 mg x kg(-1), which was 4 and 25 times as high as the background value respectively. The trends for Pb and As were similar with higher concentrations near Huludao Zinc Plant (HZP). The ecological risk of As and Pb contamination in street dust were serious, and the accumulation of Pb in street dust was higher than the As.

Objective: To analyze the clinical value of dual-source CT (DSCT) in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease., Methods: Fifty-five patients with suspected coronary heart disease underwent both DSCT coronary angiography (DSCTCA) and selective coronary angiography (CAG) examination, and the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the DSCTCA was evaluated., Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and accuracy of DSCT in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease were 97.7%, 72.6%, 93.5%, 88.9% and 92.7% by the number of patients, respectively; by calculating the coronary arteries, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, accuracy were 94.9%, 95.8%, 92.5%, 97.1%, 95.5%, respectively. According to the lesion segment, these values were 88.2%, 96.9%, 90.5%, 96.1%, 94.7%, respectively. DSCTCA showed no significant difference from CAG for a diagnostic purpose, nor did their vessel sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and accuracy in different coronaries differ significantly., Conclusion: DSCT has a diagnostic accuracy of coronary heart disease close to that CAG and can on some occasion serve as an alternative to CAG in the screening of coronary artery disease.

Objective: To study the influence of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on proliferation, production, and apoptosis through inhibiting voltage-gated K(+) channel (Kv) in ovarian luteinized granulosa cells., Methods: Ovarian luteinized granulosa cells were recovered from 25 women with regular menses who underwent in vitro fertilization programme. The cultured granulosa cells were divided into 4 groups:blank group, 4-AP treated group, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-induced group and hCG + 4-AP co-treated group. The final concentrations of hCG and 4-AP were 1250 U/L and 5 nmol/L respectively. The progesterone production was detected by the chemoluminescence method. The expression of Kv mRNA on human ovarian luteinized granulosa cell was detected by RT-PCR. The influence on the early apoptosis of granulosa cells by 4-AP was observed by flow cytometry. Cellular caspase-3 activities were observed with colorimetric method and the inhibition of the cell proliferation was studied using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method., Results: (1) Kv mRNA was expressed in granulosa cell. (2) The progesterone production of the blank group, 4-AP treated group, hCG-induced group and hCG + 4-AP co-treated group were (547 +/- 64), (206 +/- 32), (1991 +/- 172) and (763 +/- 79) nmol/L, respectively after 24 hours culture. Exposure of the granulosa cells to 4-AP reduced the production of progesterone in blank and hCG-induced granulosa cells. (3) The flow cytometry analysis and the cellular caspase-3 A(405) showed that 4-AP increased the percentage of early phase apoptosis (P < 0.01): 4-AP treated group vs blank group [(40 +/- 5)% and 0.049 +/- 0.009] vs [(17 +/- 4)% and 0.029 +/- 0.008], hCG + 4-AP co-treated group vs hCG-induced group [(25 +/- 4)% and 0.039 +/- 0.008] vs [(15 +/- 3)% and 0.022 +/- 0.007]. (4) 24 hours after treated with 4-AP and hCG, the inhibitory rate of cultured granulosa cells of 4-AP treated group was higher than the blank group (19.7% vs 0), and that of hCG + 4-AP co-treated group was obviously higher than hCG-induced group (34.6% vs 0, P < 0.01)., Conclusions: The voltage-gated K(+) channels expressed by ovarian luteinized granulosa cell play an important role in cell proliferation, production, and apoptosis. 4-AP may inhibit differentiation of progesterone in granulosa cells through the inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis.

The experiments focused on comparing the removal efficiencies of organic matters in fresh and mature landfill leachate by Fenton treatment. The changes in dissolved organic matter before and after Fenton treatment were assessed using gross organic parameters such as organic compound relative molecular mass (Mr) distribution, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) and the ratio of COD to TOC. The results from this study demonstrate that high Mr fractions of mature landffill leachate are more easily converted into dissolved small Mr fractions (Mr < 10(3)) by Fenton reaction than those of fresh landfill leachate, since the average Mr of mature landfill leachate is higher than that of fresh landfill leachate and the Mr > 10(5) fraction of the mature leachate account for 64% of the total mass. Operating parameters such as pH, [Fe2+] and [H2O2]/[Fe2+] demonstrate that the COD removal efficiency of the fresh landfill leachate (from 61% to 84%) is higher than that of the mature landfill leachate (from 31% to 60%), while it is converse for TOC (from 85% and 52% to 91% and 80% for the mature and fresh landfill leachate, respectively). Oxidation seems to play a more active role in COD reduction than coagulation whatever for the mature or fresh landfill leachate. Oxidation efficiency apparently controls coagulation efficiency, so that high oxidation efficiency may cause relatively low coagulation. The mass balances indicate that TOC removal by oxidation (TOCoxid) is more than COD removal by oxidation (CODoxid) for the mature landfill leachate while TOCoxid is less significantly than CODoxid for the fresh landfill leachate. The COD/TOC ratios are 1.17 and 1.58 for the initial mature landfill leachate and fresh landfill leachate, respectively, but they are 1.96 and 0.68 after Fenton treatment by oxidation, respectively. This phenomenon suggests that complete oxidations occur in the mature landfill leachate while both partial and complete oxidations occur in the fresh landfill leachate. The changes of CODcoag and TOCcoag illustrate that the oxidation state of the organic matters removed by coagulation in the mature landfill leachate is significantly lower than in the fresh landfill leachate.

Objective: To study galactagogue effect of Maidang Rutong granule on the lactation rats., Method: The experiments were designed to observe the efficiency of Maidang Rutong granule on lactescence, serum prolactin, and morphology of mammary gland with rat galactozemia model established by injecting l-dopa., Result: Maidang Rutong granule showed significant enhancement for lactescence and the offspring's body weight. It could antagonize the decrease of serum prolactin and the atrophy of mammary gland induced by l-dopa., Conclusion: Maidang Rutong granule exhibited significant galactagogue effect on the l-dopa-induced galactozemia in rats.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of coarctation of aorta (CoA)., Methods: The clinical data of 96 pediatric patients with CoA, 60 male and 36 female, aged 3.7 months (7 - 12 years), were analyzed., Results: The male to female ratio was 1.7:1. Infants aged less than 6 months accounted for 60% (57/96). The proportion of CoA in all hospitalized patients with congenital heart diseases admitted in this hospital was 0.5% (5/924) in 1996, increased every year, and reached 4.3% (15/330) in 2005. The coarctation was situated at the distal end of the left subclavian artery opposite to or near the ductus arteriosus in 93 cases, between the left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery in 2 cases, and at the opening of the left subclavian artery in 1 case. Thirteen patients (4%) suffered only from CoA, 47 patients were complicated with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA, 47/96, 49%) and/or ventricular septum defect (VSD, 47/96, 49%), 22 of the 96 patients (23%) complicated with both PDA and VSD. Eighty-nine cases were diagnosed by echocardiography, however, echocardiography failed to diagnose CoA in 7 cases (7.3%). Fifty-five patients underwent surgical repair and 2 of them died with a mortality of 3.8%. Seven patients with large VSD and severe pulmonary hypertension underwent two-stage repair. Immediate post-operative echocardiography showed satisfactory outcome., Conclusion: The morbidity of CoA among Chinese is similar to that among the Western population. Most of the coarctation is situated at the distal end of the left subclavian artery opposite to or near the ductus arteriosus, and most of the cases are complicated by PDA and/or VSD. Echocardiography is the first choice in the diagnosis of CoA; however, angiography is still necessary in some cases. Primary radical operation is indicated for infants with CoA, but older patients, especially those complicated with VSD and severe pulmonary hypertension, should undergo two-stage procedure.

The influence of Dy doping (0.00 < or = x < or = 0.30) on magnetic and electric properties of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 was studied by measuring M-T curves, M-H curves, ESR curves, rho-T curves and MR-T curves of the samples. The experimental results indicate that all samples undergo the transition from paramagnetism to ferromagnetism at T(C). When T < T(C), the doped samples enter the cluster-spin glass state, and the antiferromagnetism is exhibited at lower temperature. For the samples x = 0.2, the phase separation occurs at the temperature far above T(C), the variation in magnetic structure caused by Dy doping leads to colossal magnetoresistance.

A lymphocyte cDNA library of normal human was constructed in order to obtain specific gene and prepare lymphocyte gene chips to detect the relative genes between psychiatric diseases and immunity. The lymphocyte was abstracted from fresh normal human blood and cultured in vitro. Total RNA of lymphocyte was extracted from the cultured cells and then mRNA was extracted further. Moreover,single-strand cDNA and double-strand cDNA were synthesized in turn. The double-strand cDNAs were ligated to SalI and NotI adaptor,which were later ligated to arms of gammaZipLox. Ligated-cDNAs were packed in vitro, and then infected E. coli Y1090. Titering the phage and amplifying the library. The lymphocyte cDNA library consisted of 2.6 x 10(6) recombinants with the length of 1-5 kb and the cloning efficiency was 5 x 10(12) recombinants/g cDNA. The amplified library was 3 x 10(7) recombinants/microl in concentration and the number of bacteriophage plagues was the most suitable in density after it was diluted to 10(-6) in concentration. The constructed cDNA library of normal human lymphocyte would be helpful to further detecting target genes and preparing gene chips etc.