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Composite coatings were prepared by using polisilizane as matric resin and h-BN as functional filler.Raw BN was modified by chemical method to improve its distribution in composite coatings.FT-IR and TEM characterizations were applied to analyse the chemical structure of the raw BN and modified BN samples.SEM was used to observe the microstructure of the as-prepared coatings.The optimal resin content was set as 50% (mass fraction) by characterizing the microstructure of composite coatings with varied resin contents. In addition, basic properties of composite coatings were also tested and analysed.The results show that raw BN is successfully modified using chemical method.The modified BN displays better distribution in composite coatings as expected.The as-prepared coatings have good impermeability and thermal-oxidation resistance.

Objective To explore the effects of TLK2 in breast cancer (BC) cells and its possible mechanism. Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of TLK2 in BC tissues and cell lines. RT-qPCR was employed to detect the expression of TLK2 mRNA and miR-622 in BC tissues and cell lines. CCK-8, BrdU and Transwell assays were used to detect the effects of TLK2 over-expression plasmid and miR-622 inhibitors on the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC70 cells. The targeted regulatory relationship between miR-622 and TLK2 was predicted and verified by Target scanning online analysis database and dual-luciferase reporter gene, respectively. Results The expression of TLK2 in BC tissues or cell lines was significantly up-regulated (P＜0.05), and TLK2 significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC70 cells (P＜0.01). The possible mechanism suggested that miR-622 can bind to the 3′UTR of TLK2. Conclusions TLK2 is involved in promoting the proliferation, migration and invasion of BC cells, and is negatively regulated by miR-622.

Objective To analyze the effect of total etching and self-etching adhesive systems on resin-dentin interfaces and stress distribution under static tensile loading in order to understand the function of 2 interfaces under static loading. Methods Two idealized micro-scaled three-dimensional finite element models were constructed according to the micromorphological characteristics of the total etching and self-etching adhesive system bonded dentin interfaces. The stress distribution of the 2 interfaces was analyzed under a static tensile load of 20 MPa, as well as stress concentration factors of each structural components were calculated. Results The structural components of both bonded interfaces were subjected to tensile stress under static tensile loading, as the stress was concentrated predominantly at the junctions of different structural components. The highest stress concentration factor was found in the partially demineralized dentin in the total etching bonded interface (2.91), and the factor was 2.52 in the intact dentin in the self-etching bonded interface. The stress was lower in the self-etching bonded interface than the total etching bonded interface (50.32 vs 58.27 MPa). Conclusion Based on the 2 micro-scaled interfacial models constructed in this study, the mechanical stability of self-etching bonded interface is much better than that of the total etching bonded interface.

Daughter mineral species, chemical compositions and distribution of daughter minerals in fluid inclusions can provide important constraints on the composition of hydrothermal fluids, physicochemical conditions of mineralization, the regularity of fluid evolution and ore-forming mechanisms. The traditional methods however, have many limitations such as finding target minerals and identifying opaque minerals. Described in this paper, fluid inclusions in minerals are frozen and then opened by Frozen Transmission Equipment (Cryotransfer). The compositions of daughter minerals and liquid phases are determined by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Disperse Spectroscope. This method solved the difficulty in finding target minerals by SEM. Daughter minerals cannot be lost after opening liquid inclusions, and cannot be mixed with debris. This method can effectively determine the compositions of small-sized (1-2 μm) opaque daughter minerals and the solid-liquid phases of fluid inclusions in opaque minerals. Mass fractions of Na+, K+, Cl- in liquid inclusions of Wangjiazhuang copper deposit in Zouping of Shandong province are 5.85%, 3.60% and 16.18%, respectively, and the calculated salinity is 35.35%. The opaque daughter minerals are identified to be chalcopyrite, which proves that chalcopyrite has crystallized from hydrothermal fluids with high salinity. This study provides a new determination method for fluid inclusion, and has great significance in analyzing the compositions of solid and liquid phases in fluid inclusions.

Objective To investigate the effects of different angles of pulmonary surfactant (PS) administration on the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants. Methods A prospective study was conducted on 146 preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks) admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from January 2019 to May 2023. The infants were randomly assigned to different angles for injection of pulmonary surfactant groups: 0° group (34 cases), 30° group (36 cases), 45° group (38 cases), and 60° group (38 cases). Clinical indicators and outcomes were compared among the groups. Results The oxygenation index was lower in the 60° group compared with the other three groups, with shorter invasive ventilation time and oxygen use time, and a lower incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia than the other three groups (P<0.05). The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage was lower in the 60° group compared to the 0° group (P<0.05). The cure rate in the 60° group was higher than that in the 0° group and the 30° group (P<0.05). Conclusions The clinical efficacy of injection of pulmonary surfactant at a 60° angle is higher than other angles, reducing the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As deep neural networks are widely used in various fields, it is particularly important to test and evaluate them and ensure their safety. When the test dataset is large and the labelled cost is expensive, the test input selection method can select and sort the test samples to improve the test efficiency and test coverage. In order to further understand the research progress in the field of test input selection for deep neural networks, 91 academic papers in related fields over the past five years are systematically sorted out. Firstly, the basic concepts and processes of deep neural networks testing are introduced, including the construction of deep learning systems, test input selecting and the test metrics. Secondly, the paper outlines and analyzes the applicable scenarios and shortcomings of various metrics and test input selection methods, as well as the interconnections among them. Finally, current challenges and opportunities for deep neural networks test input selection and metrics are pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Qujia gold deposit is located in the central part of the Jiaojia gold metallogenic belt, which is an important concentrated area of altered-type gold deposits in China. The elevation of the deposit ranges from -726 m to -1 334 m. To study the evolution of pyrite and its indicative role in gold mineralization processes, in-situ trace element analysis of pyrite was conducted using LA-ICP-MS. The pyrites were categorized through petrographic observation and cluster analysis. It is revealed that trace elements such as Co, Ni, and As in pyrite mainly in the form of isomorphism, while elements such as Au, Ag, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Bi predominantly exist as mineral inclusions at the nano- and micron-scale. Pyrite is classified into five main types: Co-rich Pyl, Ni-rich Py2, Au- and As-rich Py3, Au-, Ag-, Pb-, and Bi-rich Py4, and "clean" Py5. The trace element characteristics of pyrite indicate that ore-forming materials may have primarily originated from Precambrian metamorphic basement rocks and Mesozoic magmatic rocks, with a lesser contribution from the mantle. Ore-forming hydrothermal fluids likely resulted from a complex mix of metamorphic hydrothermal fluids, magmatic hydrothermal fluids, and shallow atmospheric precipitation. The different types of pyrite reflect the evolution of ore-forming hydrothermal fluids from Co- and Ni-rich to As- and Au-rich, and finally to Pb-, Bi-, Au-, and Ag-rich compositions. After the formation of Pyl and Py2, intense tectonic activities caused significant disturbance and enhanced the adsorption of gold complex compounds onto fracture surfaces, promoting gold precipitation within the fractures. This process likely played an important role in gold enrichment and mineralization. Pyrite with low Co and Ni contents but high fragmentation levels, as well as elevated concentrations of Au, Ag, As, Pb, and Bi, is closely associated with mineralization. In addition, the content of Co and Ni in pyrite is high, the crushing is strong, and the content of ore-forming elements is high, which is the characteristics of pyrite formed in the early stage and transformed by the later mineralization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the influence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention and control measures on the transmission and epidemic of influenza in Chongqing, so as to provide references for formulating targeted influenza prevention and control strategies. Methods The influenza surveillance data, during the year 2018 to 2020, were collected through the "China Influenza Surveillance Information System", and the seasonal characteristics of influenza epidemic were analyzed. The percentage of influenza like cases (ILI%) and influenza virus positive rate between 2020 and 2018-2019 were compared, so as to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 prevention and control measures on influenza epidemic characteristics. Results The annual proportions of ILI cases in Chongqing were respectively 3.53%, 2.23% and 1.2% from 2018 to 2020, while the positive rates of influenza virus were respectively 13.97%, 23.81% and 2.65%. The distribution trend of ILI% from 2018 to 2019 fluctuated were similar, but it continued to drop and remain at a low level since February 2020. The positive rate of influenza virus showed an epidemic peak from December to March in 2018-2019, also peaked from November 2019 to January 2020, but decreased to 0 in March. ILI% was positively correlated with the positive rate of influenza virus (r= 0.404 8, P<0.05). In 2020, compared with the same period of 2018-2019, the growth rate of ILI% was -66.09% and -46.32%, respectively. The positive rate of influenza virus in 2020 decreased by 81.03% and 88.87% compared with the same period of 2018-2019, respectively. The growth rates of influenza virus positive rate in January 2020 were decreased with a small rate of about 39.87%, and with a significantly decline of more than 93.65% from February. No influenza epidemic was found after March. Conclusions Since COVID-19 prevention and control measures were implemented in January 2020 in Chongqing, the ILI% and the positive rate of influenza virus in sentinel hospitals decreased significantly. In the season of high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases, personal protection and other measures can effectively reduce influenza virus infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A nitrogen doped porous sludge biochar（NKBC） was prepared using municipal sludge as carbon source，potassium bicarbonate as activator，and urea as nitrogen source. N2 adsorption-desorption experiments，SEM，XRD and XPS were used to characterize and analyze its specific surface area and surface characteristics. The results showed that NKBC had a large specific surface area. Due to N loading in the pores of NKBC，its surface was wrinkled，with many defects and activation sites. NKBC was used to activate the degradation of Orange Ⅱ by persulfate（PDS），and the performance of the NKBC/PDS system in degrading Orange Ⅱ was investigated. The results showed that after adding PDS 20 minutes，the degradation rate of Orange Ⅱ by the NKBC/PDS system reached 99.7%. This system could function over a wide pH range （3-11） and under common anionic conditions. The results of free radical quenching experiments and EPR spectroscopy indicated that the main active species for the degradation of Orange Ⅱ in the NKBC/PDS system were ·OH，SO4·- and 1O2，with 1O2 being the main active specie. The NKBC/PDS system constructed in this research can be applied to the treatment of dye wastewater，achieving the goal of “treating waste with waste”.

Benggang (a fragmented erosion landform) have emerged as crucial factors restraining regional economic development, social stability, and ecological conservation due to their suddenness, explosiveness, and unpredictability. Monitoring the dynamic changes in distribution density, degree of development, and influencing factors of Benggang in large-scale natural environments can constitute preliminary references for studying the mechanisms, patterns, and influencing factors of Benggang in the natural environment, as well as providing insights for the coordination of regional socio-economic development and ecological environment governance. In this study, Sentinel-1/2 satellite constellation remote sensing images and other auxiliary data from 2016 to 2022 were combined with machine learning methods to identify Benggang erosion and measure the influencing factors of Benggang erosion in the middle and upper reaches of the Han River. The results indicate that: 1) The overall accuracy of the classification model in this study is 84%, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.8. The user's and producer's accuracy of Benggang erosion identification both exceed 95%, and their FScore is 0.97. However, smaller-scale Benggang erosion (< 100 m2) is easily confused with grassland and sparse vegetation, thereby reducing the Benggang identification accuracy. 2) Currently, the total area of Benggang erosion in the middle and upper reaches of the Han River is 435.5 km2. There are significant differences in Benggang erosion areas across counties, cities, and districts, with varying annual trends. In terms of spatial distribution, the Benggang erosion areas in Wuhua County, Xingning City, Dapu County, Fengshun County, Meixian District, Pingyuan County, Jiaoling County, and Meijiang District are 199.2, 70.1, 57.7, 50.1, 35.4, 14.9, 3.9, and 1.6 km2, respectively. In terms of time change trends, the average annual rates of change of Benggang erosion areas in Wuhua County, Xingning City, Dapu County, Fengshun County, Meixian District, Pingyuan County, Jiaoling County, and Meijiang District are 16.29, 6.51, 5.31, 4.94, 3.56, 1.39, 0.42, and 0.18 km2/a, respectively. 3) The occurrence probability of Benggang in the study area is significantly correlated (P < 0.001) with elevation, slope, vegetation coverage, geological type, population density, atmospheric pressure, rainfall, meridional wind speed, zonal wind speed, and wind speed. Within a certain range of variation in the influencing factors, elevation, slope, geological type, atmospheric pressure, meridional wind speed, zonal wind speed, and wind speed have a positive impact on Benggang occurrence probability in the study area, while vegetation coverage, population density, and rainfall have a negative impact on the occurrence of Benggang erosion. Furthermore, geological type, slope, atmospheric pressure, elevation, vegetation cover, population density and wind speed are the main influencing factors for the occurrence of Benggang in the study area. Therefore, strengthening the monitoring of these seven variables is necessary to enhance early warning capabilities for geological disasters due to Benggang in the study area.

Objective To investigate the applicability and reliability of Sherlock 3CG tip confirmation system for positioning the tip of peripheral inserted central catheter (PICC)in ICU patients. Methods Totally 176 ICU patients undergoing PICC placement were randomly divided into the observation group and control group, with 88 cases in each group. The intracavitary electrocardiogram was used to guide tip positioning of PICC in the control group, while the Sherlock 3CG tip confirmation system was adopted for positioning the tip of PICC in the observation group. The primary outcomes were the first-time success rate of tip placement, the best tip position rate, and the time required for tip localization. Results The first-time success rate of tip placement in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, with a significant difference(P＜0. 01). The time required for tip localization in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group, with a significant difference(P＜0. 01). Conclusion Application of Sherlock 3CG tip confirmation system can improve the first-time success rate of tip placement and reduce the time required for PICC placement. (目的 探讨Sherlock 3CG尖端定位技术在ICU患者经外周置入中心静脉导管(PICC)置管过程中的适用性与可靠性。方法 选取广西医科大学第一附属医院ICU病区拟行PICC置管的患者176例, 采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组, 各88例。对照组采用传统腔内心电图定位技术进行置管, 观察组采用Sherlock 3CG尖端定位系统进行置管。比较两组患者尖端一次性到位率、导管尖端位置最佳到位率和导管尖端定位时间。结果 观察组尖端一次性到位率高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01), 导管尖端定位时间短于对照组(P＜0. 01)。结论 Sherlock3CG尖端定位系统能够提高置管尖端一次性到位率, 缩短PICC置管定位时间, 值得临床借鉴应用。)

Through the establishment of D-galactose-induced senile osteoporosis (SOP) mouse model, the effect of Grifola frondosa polypeptide-calcium chelate (GPs-Ca) on SOP was explored. The calcium absorption promoting ability of Grifola frondosa polypeptide-calcium chelate was studied by Caco-2 single cell layer model in vitro. Fifty male ICR mice were randomly divided into 5 groups. Except for the blank control group, the other four groups were given intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose: the control group was given intraperitoneal injection of the same dose of normal saline. After 8 weeks, the model was successfully established. Both the control group and the model control group were given deionized water intragastrically: the treated group was given a high dose of Grifola frondosa polypeptide-calcium chelate (Hgps-Ca). After 4 weeks of continuous treated in each group, blood was collected to detect the blood biochemical indicators, and the femur and tibia were stripped to determine the bone indicators. A Caco-2 monolayer was established, and Fluo-3-Am calcium ion probe was used to measure intracellular calcium uptake. Serum calcium and phosphorus levels in the Hgps-Ca group increased significantly, with statistical significance (P<0.05): serum alkaline phosphate (ALP) values of each group were lower than those in the model group, and the serum ALP level of Hgps-Ca group was close to that of the control group. GPs-Ca was more easily absorbed and transported in cells than inorganic calcium. The results showed that Grifola frondosa polypeptide-calcium chelate can improve serum calcium, phosphorus, CAT levels, reduce ALP activity, promote calcium salt deposition, improve calcium absorption and utilization rate, which is conducive to the treatment of SOP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maize kernel is closely related to yield and nutritive quality. Study on the function of maize kernel development relative genes provides important basis for the molecular mechanism analysis, yield increasing and nutritive quality improving. B73 pollen was treated with ethyl methylmethanesulfonate (EMS) and a defective maize kernel defective kernel 54 (dek54) was screened. dek54 had small mature kernel, wrinkled and whitened seed coat phenotype. Genetic analysis indicated that dek54 is a recessive mutant controlled by a single gene. Paraffin sections showed starchy endosperm cells of dek54 had irregular shape and dense arrangement at developmental stage. Scanning electron microscopy observation indicated that protein bodies around starch granules in the central region of the dek54 mature kernel endosperm were fewer and arranged more loosely compare to wild type. Total protein, zein, amino acids components contents and total nitrogen content of dek54 mature kernel were significantly lowered compared with the wild type. dek54 was located on chromosome 7 within the interval of the physical distance of about 290 kb between markers SSR6 and SSR7. Sequencing revealed that the 351th base G on the 2nd exon of Zm00001d019294 gene changed into A, which led to the premature termination of the protein translation. Zm00001d019294 gene was specifically expressed in immature maize kernel, and has the highest expression in 12 DAP (days after pollination) immature kernel. Targeted mutation was performed using CRISPR/Cas9 system to identify that mutant phenotype was caused by candidate gene Zm00001d019294. Dek54 encoded an MFS (major facilitator superfamily) protein and had high homology with ZmNRT1.5 (nitrate transporter). Besides, Dek54 protein was localized in the plasma membrane of maize protoplasts. The study of dek54 laid the foundation for the molecular mechanism analysis of maize kernel development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 Most hilly regions in China are short of freshwater resources and recycling the effluent water in their drainage ditches is a way to relieve this pressure and improve water use efficiency. This paper investigates how reusing the effluent water for irrigation affects leaching of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from soils. 【Method】 In-situ experiment was set up in a field to measure the change in water flow and N and P concentrations in the ditches and the ditch buckets. We calculated the ratio of recycled water volume to the volume of water pumped for irrigation (i.e., regression rate), as well as the change in N and P pollutant loads and their determinants. 【Result】 The water had been drained and reused for irrigations for 24 cycles during the growing season, and the total regression rate reached 89.93%. The loads of total P, total N, nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen during the growing season were 0.28, 3.27, 2.35 and 2.35 kg/hm2, respectively. The load reductions of P and N were correlated with the ratio of their concentrations in the effluent and in the irrigation water. The reduction in total P and ammonia was significantly correlated with the regression rate. The reduction in total N and nitrate was significantly correlated with irrigation and rainfall in the second day after the irrigation. Nitrate reduction rate was also significantly correlated with temperature. 【Conclusion】 The cycles of drainage and its reuse for irrigation not only saves water but also improves utilization of water and fertilizers, thereby reducing the risk of N and P pollution to the downstream.

Plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIP) is one of the main subfamily of aquaporin regulates diverse physiology functions during plant growth and development. In previous research, the expression of ZmPIP1;1 was induced by osmosis or salt stress. However, the biological function of ZmPIP1;1 was still unclear in maize. In this study, ZmPIP1;1 overexpressed transgenic plants were obtained and exhibited less water loss rate and enhanced drought tolerance compared to wild type. Transcriptome sequencing indicated significant changes in the expression levels of genes involved in ABA biosynthesis and its signaling pathways. Photosynthetic activity, kernel width and kernel weight was increased in ZmPIP1;1 overexpression maize, but not growth under normal condition compared with wild type. Moreover, interaction between ZmPIP1;1 and ZmPIP2;6 was observed by bi-molecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) experiment, resulting in re-localized on plasma membrane and chloroplast in maize mesophyll protoplast. Our study laid an important foundation for understanding the molecular mechanism of ZmPIP1;1, and provided a new method of molecular breeding for high photosynthetic efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the application value of surface electromyography in children with dysphagia. Methods A total of 20 children with dysphagia were enrolled as the observation group, and 20 healthy children, matched for sex and age, were enrolled as the control group. Surface electromyography was used to record the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups in the resting state and the state after water swallowing. The two groups were compared in terms of the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups in the resting state and the state after swallowing 5 mL water. The observation group was observed in terms of the changes in the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups after 1 month of rehabilitation treatment. A Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of the degree of dysphagia with the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups in the observation group. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups in the resting state (P>0.05), while after water swallowing, the observation group had significantly higher electromyography integral values than the control group (P<0.05). The observation group had significant improvements in the clinical symptoms of dysphagia after treatment, with significant reductions in the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups (P<0.05). The severity of dysphagia was positively correlated with the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups (P<0.01). Conclusions Surface electromyography is useful in the diagnosis and therapeutic effect evaluation for dysphagia in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate prospectively the side effects and tolerance of docetaxel with concurrent late-course hyperfractionated radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for stage T1-T2 breast cancer, and to assess the value of this treatment in shortening the treatment time and reducing the economic burden among patients. Methods A total of 20 patients with T1-T2 breast cancer were recruited after they underwent breast-conserving surgery. The acute radiation response classification, treatment completion rate, disease-free survival, hospital stays, and treatment costs were observed. Radiotherapy for all patients was started before the last single-agent docetaxel chemotherapy. Results The completion rate of treatment and the good rate of cosmetic effect reached 100%. The main adverse reactions were hematological toxicity (leukopenia) and skin reactions, which were tolerated. The median follow-up time was 30.1 months, and the follow-up rate was 100%. The average total treatment time of this hyperfractionated radiotherapy with concurrent docetaxel was four weeks, and the total hospitalization cost savings was approximately 10, 000 yuan. The 21-month disease-free survival rate was 100%. Conclusion Stage T1-T2 breast cancer can tolerate hyperfractionated radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy after a breast-conserving operation. The procedure results in good local control and satisfactory cosmetic effects, with high health and economic value.

The experiment shows that RFID technology can ensure high management efficiency of prefabricated buildings, but it requires large investments and the way of cost allocation for supply chain members is unclear. This paper presents a supply chain model for offsite factory production and onsite construction. Based on the supply chain of prefabricated concrete exterior wall panels in Nanjing, the total time and errors with and without RFID technology in the supply chain are simulated by Arena software. Thus, the benefits of investing in RFID technology can be compared and analyzed. Through the simulation, the cost-sharing ratio for the plant and site to invest the RFID technology is calculated. The results show that the investment in RFID technology is obviously beneficial. The ratio of both sides in the investments of the RFID technology is less affected when the probability of locating the component is more than 50%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied the effects of overexpression of deathdomainassociated protein (Daxx) on cell apoptosis under γ-ray radiation. Further, we explored the relationship between Daxx and radiation-induced apoptosis and investigated the mechanism behind such apoptosis. Through transfection, cervicalcancer HeLa cells were divided into a control group, an empty plasmid-transfected negative group, and a Daxx-transfected group; the HeLa cells were irradiated with different doses of γ-rays using a cell irradiator. The expression of Daxx protein in cells was detected by Western blot. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT. The relative activity of caspase-8 in cells was detected by ELISA whereas the cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that the total number of cells decreased with the increase in absorbed dose, whereas the number of deformed cells increased. Furthermore, the degree of Daxx expression increased with the increase in absorbed dose. Comparing the cells of the Daxx-transfected group with those of the unirradiated control group, we observed statistically significant increments (p

Objectives To measure the quality of life of T2DM patients and identify the influencing factors for future prevention and health care. Methods We randomly selected patients with T2DM in the department of endocrinology in several hospitals in Yunnan province from January to May in 2012. The Quality of Life Scale (DMQLS) was used to measure the quality of life of patients, while demographic and disease history was collected by a designed questionnaire. Descriptive, univariate and multivariate analysis was performed. Results The scores were 81.6 ±7.4, 72.3 ±5.6, 72.3 ±5.6, 67.2 ±7.4 and 55.5 ±5.6 in five dimensions of diseases, including physical, social, psychological, and satisfaction aspects separately. There were significant difference in the scores of QoL among T2DM in different age groups (F = 6.681, P < 0.05), which came from the two age groups, 50-59 and more than 60, compared to 40-49 age group by LSD-t test (P < 0.05) respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that complications, age and disease duration were significantly associated with the scores of psychological, social and satisfaction dimensions. Conclusions The influencing factors of the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes are multiple, the complications are the most important influencing factor. In addition to physical treatment, psychological treatment should be paid much attention to improve the quality of life among T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In order to acquire triple-negative breast cancer stem cells by adherent MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured in serum-free medium. In the experiment, the morphological observation of the sphere re-formation and colony formation was carried out, in addition, the protein expression ofCD44+CD24-/low and CXCR4 was detected. Methods: Human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines were plated in stem cell conditioned culture system to generate mammospheres. Samples of mammospheres in 7-9 days were taken to evaluate the effects of different MDA-MB-231cell density on the mammosphere-formation efficiency; the proportion ofCD44+CD24-/low was analyzed by flow cytometry, CXCR4 protein expression was tested by western blot, sphere re-formation and colony formation were assessed by morphological observation. Results: Triple negative breast cancer mammospheres can be enriched in serum-free medium containing 20 ng/mL EGF, 10 ng/mL bFGF and 2% b27. The mammosphere formation efficiency was (5.61± 0.02)%, (3.23± 0.54)%, (2.28± 0.48)%, (1.05± 0.13)% and (0.91± 0.01)% when the MDA-MB-231 cell culturing density was 1 x 104/mL, 2x 104/mL, 3x 104/mL, 4 x 104/mL and 5 x 104/mL, respectivel. There was a significantly difference among these groups (P<0.05). The proportion of CD44+ CD24-/low in MDA-MB-231 adherent cells and mammosheres were (38.54 ± 2.00)% VS (66.35 ± 2.06)%, P=0.003. CXCR4 protein expression in mammosheres cells was higher than MDA-MB-231 adherent cells, P=0.03. Single mammosphere cell has the ability to generate sphere again. Colony formations of mammosheres need 200 cells and adherent MDA-MB-231 need 1000 cells in soft agarmedia. Conclusions: 1.Triple negative breast cancer stem cells can be enriched in serum-free medium, low cell density was beneficial to the formation of mammosheres. 2. Mammosheres had a higher CD44+CD24-/low proportion than MDA-MB-231 adherent cells. 3.CXCR4 protein expression in mammosheres was higher than in MDA-MB-231 adherent cells [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mammalian oocyte meiosis encompasses two consecutive rounds of asymmetric divisions to generate one big egg and, as by-products, two small polar bodies. This asymmetric division is crucial for the oocyte and embryonic development. The interaction between various factors associated with spindle positioning, the formation of myosin ring and extrusion of the first polar body, such as actin-related protein 2/3(Arp2/3) complex, JMY, small GTPase, actin nucleation activation factor), forms the signal pathways regulating the asymmetrical division of oocyte. However, it is found that the aged oocyte shows loss of oocyte cortical polarity, reduction of the nucleation-promoting factors and related regulatory factors and their activities, resulting in the decreased rate of fertilization and then rate of cleavage in aged oocyte. We reviewed the progression of research on loss of asymmetry during meiotic division in aged oocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The study was aimed to observe the success rate of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats by low dose repeated and large dose with a single intraperitoneal injection, and explore the ideal scheme of STZ induced diabetic rats. Methods 48 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: group 1 (20 mg/kg), group 2 (30 mg/kg), group 3 (40 mg/kg), group 4 (50 mg/kg), group 5 (60 mg/kg) and group 6 (the control group) . The groups 1-3 were treated with repeated intraperitoneal injection scheme, and each injection interval time was 5 days. The groups 4 and 5 were conducted according to the single intraperitoneal injection scheme. Blood glucose was measured at the fifth day after each injection. Results The rats model of group 2, group 3, and groups 4 and 5 was successfully established after four times, two times and one time of injection, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the success rate of groups 2 to 5 was 75%, 100%, 75% and 75%, respectively. In group 1, the model has not yet succeeded after five times injection. In group 5, 2 rats died. Conclusion The single intraperitoneal injection of STZ 50 mg/kg was an economical approach to induce diabetic SD rats, which has high success rate and survival rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the risk factors of death in lung cancer patients with pulmonary infection. Methods From January 2010 to May 2017, 186 advanced lung cancer patients were treated, among which 52 patients with pulmonary infection died. Risk factors for the death of pulmonary infection were collected. Results The mortality rate of lung infection in advanced lung cancer patients was 27.96% (52/186). The differences of age (P=0.039), BMI value (P=0.000), low degree of differentiation (P=0.003), functional status score (P=0.022), ≥3 metastatic sites (P=0.029), complications (P=0.034), multiple resistant bacteria infection (P=0.000), hemoglobin concentration < 90g/L (P=0.014) between the death group and survival group were statistically significant. Conclusion Age (≥60 years old), BMI value (< 20kg/m2), histological grade (low), anti-tumour drugs treatment (≥3 regimens), targeted drug therapy, metastatic sites (≥3), complications, multiple resistant bacteria infection, hemoglobin concentration (< 90g/L) are the main risk factors for the death of advanced cancer patients with pulmonary infection.

Based on the application of the honeycomb in the square guide rail,analyzed the tandem honeycomb deformation stability by experiments. Found tandem honeycomb is prone to instability in the impact process for the effect of uneven strength of simple honeycomb and impact load deflection. Analysis shows that the plate, with low intensity or its sectional dimension is smaller than guide rail section, is difficult to prevent honeycomb instability. To improve the effect of connection on keep tandem honeycomb deformation stability, studied the relationship among plate sectional dimension, guide rail sectional dimension and plate deflection degree from the theoretical level: when the guide rail sectional dimension unchanged, the longer the length of connection plate is, the smaller the deflection angle of plate is, the smaller the friction between plate and guide rail is, the better the guiding function of connection plate is. Based on the conclusion, designed a new guiding plate, it is not only improves tandem honeycomb deformation stability, but also solves the honeycomb peeling.

Objective: To investigate the effect of sperm relative parameters on the outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF), in order to direct the selection of fertilization method. Methods: Total 2 591 IVF cycles in the controlled ovulation from January 2012 to June 2013 were selected. After matching female factors (age, weight, cause of infertility, base FSH and LH, endometrial thickness on hCG day and the number of acquiring ovum, between pregnant women and non-pregnant women, 457 pairs were analyzed. The sperm relative factors were analyzed in those women with different pregnant outcomes. Results: The rate of normal sperm morphology in pregnant cycles was significantly higher than that in non-pregnancy cycles (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in sperm density, activity, survival rate and qudlified rate between two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions:There were different rates of normal perm morphology in IVF cycles with different outcomes, suggesting that the rate of normal perm morphology could have good forecasting value for IVF outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the geometric principles of the 5-axis CNC forming grinding and machine kinematics principle,the line speed of wheel at any points is deduced.According to the traditional plane grinding force model,these relationships are used that molding grinding involute length is approximately equal to the width of the plane grinding wheel,the diameter of wheel in contact with the tooth surface is approximately equal to the diameter of the plane grinding wheel,the wheel feed amount is approximately equal to the grinding surface grinding depth.So the grinding force model are established,the grinding force simulation program is composed and the experimental schemes are design,lastly this grinding force formula can guarantee a certain precision.

PURPOSE: To study the effect of ion-exchange treatment on the fracture resistance of hot pressable ceramic crown. METHODS: Sixteen cerinate ceramic crowns (shade 2) were prepared. The crowns were manufactured according to the company's recommendations and cemented onto the teeth with resin cement in combination with dentin bonding agent after ion-exchange treated with potassium salt at 450°C for 11 hours. The crowns were then loaded in compression to failure. Failure loads were analyzed using SPSS 11.0 software package for one-way ANOVA. RESULTS: After ion-exchange treatment, the mean fracture resistance of the hot pressable ceramic crown was (2891.4±25.3)N. There was significant difference between the experimental and control groups (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Ion-exchange treatment can increase fracture resistance of the cerinate hot pressable ceramic crowns, it may help to increase the clinical reliability of Lucite reinforced ceramic dental restorations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the background of the used books market in universities, and based on two cases, one of which caters for an existing secondary market and the other not, this paper investigates the effect of the secondary market on the strategies of the supply chain members. By examining a two-period supply chain consisting of a monopolistic manufacturer and a retailer, the optimal results are obtained. Meanwhile, by comparing the maximum profits of the manufacturer and the retailer under these two cases, some results found that, when the recovery cost of used products is lower, the secondary market operated by the retailer is beneficial for both the manufacturer and the retailer; in contrast, when the recovery cost of used products is higher, it is not beneficial for the manufacturer, but benefits the retailer. Finally, through numerical simulation, the paper analyzes the degree to which, firstly, the consumers' acceptance of the value of used products, and secondly, the recovery rate of used products, affects the strategies of the supply chain members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the cost-sharing and quality-improvement incentives in the product recall. By introducing the root cause analysis cost-sharing contract, assumed that the manufacturer and supplier face the linear market demand, and all of the two firms could make the efforts improve product quality. The optimal Nash Equilibrium existence in the decentralized supply chain had been proved by using insights from supermodular game theory. Under the root cause analysis cost-sharing contract, the product quality, quality improvement efforts, retail price and wholesale price, product market share all obtained to first best level, their own profits had also been maximized. And in the case that the cost of root cause analysis can be ignored, the supply chain is coordinated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To investigate the effects of different angles of pulmonary surfactant (PS) administration on the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants., Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 146 preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks) admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from January 2019 to May 2023. The infants were randomly assigned to different angles for injection of pulmonary surfactant groups: 0° group (34 cases), 30° group (36 cases), 45° group (38 cases), and 60° group (38 cases). Clinical indicators and outcomes were compared among the groups., Results: The oxygenation index was lower in the 60° group compared with the other three groups, with shorter invasive ventilation time and oxygen use time, and a lower incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia than the other three groups ( P <0.05). The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage was lower in the 60° group compared to the 0° group ( P <0.05). The cure rate in the 60° group was higher than that in the 0° group and the 30° group ( P <0.05)., Conclusions: The clinical efficacy of injection of pulmonary surfactant at a 60° angle is higher than other angles, reducing the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.

Objective: To investigate the application value of ultrasound technology in transurethral enucleation and resection of the prostate (TUERP)., Methods: This study included 78 BPH patients admitted in our hospital from June 2021 to June 2023, aged 70.68±8.63 years and with the indication of surgery. We randomly divided them into two groups to receive TUERP (the control group, n = 39) and ultrasound-assisted TUERP (the US-TUERP group, n = 39). We statistically analyzed and compared the relevant parameters obtained before and after operation between the two groups., Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in the operation time and bladder irrigation time between the two groups (P > 0.05). More glandular tissues were removed but less intraoperative bleeding and fewer perioperative complications occurred in the US-TUERP group than in the control. Compared with the baseline, IPSS, postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), quality of life score (QOL) and maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) were significantly improved in both groups at 1 and 3 months after surgery, even more significantly in the US-TUERP than in the control group (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: US-TUERP helps achieve complete resection of the hyperplastic prostatic tissue along the surgical capsule at the anatomical level, with a higher safety, fewer perioperative complications, and better therapeutic effects.

In this study, J774A.1 macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and adenosine triphosphate(ATP) were used to establish an in vitro model of pyroptosis, and the intervention mechanism of free total rhubarb anthraquinones(FTRAs) on pyroptosis was investigated. J774A.1 macrophages were cultured in vitro, and the experiment was assigned to the control group and groups with different concentrations of LPS(0.25, 0.5, and 1 μg·mL~(-1)) and ATP(1.25, 2.5, and 5 mmol·L~(-1)). An in vitro model of macrophage pyroptosis was established by detecting cell viability through CCK-8, propidium iodide(PI) apoptotic cell staining, lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), interleukin(IL)-18, and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α release. Then, J774A.1 macrophages were randomly divided into six groups: blank control group, LPS+ATP group, high-dose FTRA group, and low, medium, and high-dose FTRA pre-protection group. The phenotypic characteristics and key indicators of pyroptosis were detected as the basis for evaluating the effect of FTRAs on pyroptosis induced by LPS and ATP. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression levels of protein and mRNA related to the pyroptosis pathway in caspase-1/11 and elucidate the molecular mechanism of the anti-pyroptosis effect. The results showed that the stimulation condition of 0.50 μg·mL~(-1) LPS+5.00 mmol·L~(-1) ATP was the most effective in the in vitro model of macrophage pyroptosis. FTRAs pre-protected cells for 24 h and then can increase cell viability under pyroptosis conditions, alleviate cell damage, lower the positive rate of PI staining, and reduce the release of LDH, IL-18, and TNF-α. FTRAs were able to significantly inhibit the activation of GSDMD proteins and significantly down-regulate the protein expression of the pyroptosis pathway signature molecules, TLR4, NLRP3, cleaved-caspase-1, and cleaved-caspase-11, but they had no significant effect on ASC proteins. FTRAs were also able to significantly inhibit the mRNA expression of caspase-1, caspase-11, and GSDMD. These results indicate that FTRAs have an inhibitory effect on the pyroptosis model induced by LPS and ATP and play an anti-pyroptosis effect by regulating classical and non-classical pyroptosis signaling pathways and reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines.

This study investigated the concentrations of atmospheric pollutants in the urban area of Suzhou from May to June, 2017-2021. The variation characteristics and annual changes of ozone (O 3 ), nitrogen oxide (NO x ), total oxidant (O x ), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were analyzed. The O 3 formation mechanism and its annual changes were studied using an Observation-Based Model (OBM), and VOCs source apportionments and their trends were discussed. The results indicated that ① The volume fractions of O x and the concentrations of NO x and CO have decreased in the urban area of Suzhou in recent years, while the volume fractions of VOCs have increased, and sufficient photochemical conditions for O 3 formation still existed during polluted days. ② The O 3 -NO x -VOCs sensitivity in Suzhou was in the VOCs-limited regime. The long-term reduction ratio between VOCs and NO x should not be less than 5:1, and aromatics and alkenes were the critical VOCs for mitigating O 3 pollution. ③ The results of VOCs source apportionment revealed that industrial emissions, gasoline vehicle exhaust, and diesel engine exhaust were the major sources of VOC emissions in Suzhou. Industrial emissions and solvent usage declined from 2017 to 2021; however, gasoline vehicle exhaust and gasoline evaporation, which possess higher O 3 formation potential(OFP), increased significantly. ④ The OFP source apportionments results indicated that controlling VOC emissions from solvent usage and gasoline vehicle exhaust is crucial for O 3 pollution control in Suzhou.

This study explored the protective effect of astragaloside Ⅳ(AS-Ⅳ) on oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD)-induced autophagic injury in PC12 cells and its underlying mechanism. An OGD-induced autophagic injury model in vitro was established in PC12 cells. The cells were divided into a normal group, an OGD group, low-, medium-, and high-dose AS-Ⅳ groups, and a positive drug dexmedetomidine(DEX) group. Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe autophagosomes and autolysosomes, and the MDC staining method was used to assess the fluorescence intensity of autophagosomes. Western blot was conducted to determine the relative expression levels of functional proteins LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, Beclin1, p-Akt/Akt, p-mTOR/mTOR, and HIF-1α. Compared with the normal group, the OGD group exhibited a significant decrease in cell viability(P&lt;0.01), an increase in autophagosomes(P&lt;0.01), enhanced fluorescence intensity of autophagosomes(P&lt;0.01), up-regulated Beclin1, LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, and HIF-1α(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and down-regulated p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01). Compared with the OGD group, the low-and medium-dose AS-Ⅳ groups and the DEX group showed a significant increase in cell viability(P&lt;0.01), decreased autophagosomes(P&lt;0.01), weakened fluorescence intensity of autophagosomes(P&lt;0.01), down-regulated Beclin1, LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, and HIF-1α(P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01), and up-regulated p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR(P&lt;0.01). AS-Ⅳ at low and medium doses exerted a protective effect against OGD-induced autophagic injury in PC12 cells by activating the Akt/mTOR pathway, subsequently influencing HIF-1α. The high-dose AS-Ⅳ group did not show a statistically significant difference compared with the OGD group. This study provides a certain target reference for the prevention and treatment of OGD-induced cellular autophagic injury by AS-Ⅳ and accumulates laboratory data for the secondary development of Astragali Radix and AS-Ⅳ.

Objective: Aniline poisoning is considered to be an important factor mediating the development and progression of male bladder cancer,and long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)has also been shown to affect the prognosis of male bladder cancer.Therefore,this study intended to screen and identify lncrnas associated with highly sensitive aniline poisoning of male bladder cancer,and to construct a tumor risk prediction model accordingly., Methods: Gene expression and clinical data from 410 tissues were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),and all samples were randomly divided into training and testing groups.Lncrnas associated with aniline poisoning were distinguished.We then performed univariate COX and multivariate COX regressions,in parallel with LASSO regression,to establish a lncRNA risk model associated with aniline poisoning.Kaplan-Meier curve,scatterplot,C-index,ROCcurve,nomogram,PCAanalysis,and univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to test the accuracy of the risk model and predict patient survival., Results: Seven lncrnas associated with aniline poisoning(LINC01184, LINC00513,LINC02443,SMARCA5-AS1,BDNF-AS,SOD2-OT1,HYI-AS1)were screened and identified,and based on this,a risk prediction model with high sensitivity to the malignant progression of bladder cancer was constructed.It is also verified that the model can effectively predict the overall survival(OS)of the test group and the whole cohort at different stages., Conclusions: We identified 7 lncrnas associated with aniline poisoning and established a novel risk model of lncrnas associated with aniline poisoning,which provides new insights for prognosis assessment and may guide the comprehensive treatment of male bladder cancer.

The problem of urban ozone (O 3 ) pollution has become prominent in recent years. However, the meteorological factors associated with O 3 pollution remain unclear. Analyzing the characteristics of O 3 pollution in Suzhou, as a typical urban city, and exploring the high-impact meteorological factors with O 3 pollution are crucial to the prevention and control of air pollution in this region. This study used correlation analysis and machine learning methods to analyze the variation in O 3 concentration and the relationship between meteorological driving factors in Suzhou based on the O 3 concentration data provided by Suzhou Environmental Monitoring Center and the contemporaneous meteorological observation data in Suzhou from April to September in 2015 to 2020. The results showed that: ① O 3 pollution exceeding the standard rate was more than 20% in ozone seasons during the past six years; further, pollution days of O 3 and the number of pollution days of O 3 as the primary pollutant increased yearly. Evidently, the problem of O 3 pollution has become increasingly prominent. ② The diurnal variations in O 3 were unimodal with the valley point at 07:00 and the highest peak between 15:00 and 16:00. Similar trends were found in diurnal variations of both air temperature and solar radiation, but the daily highest peak came earlier than that of O 3 . The results also showed an apparent weekend effect of O 3 concentration in 2017 and 2019 and a significant correlation between O 3 concentration and solar irradiance during the week. In addition, the monthly variation in O 3 concentration and pollution exceeding the standard rate was bimodal. ③The occurrence of ozone pollution was affected by various meteorological conditions. The maximum number of days appeared when daily sunshine hours lasted longer than 7 hours, with a daily maximum air temperature around 30℃, solar irradiance ranging from 350 to 440 kW·m -2 , and relative humidity ranging from 50% to 75%, at which time the intensity of pollution was the strongest. When the wind speed of easterly wind was less than 1.5 m·s -1 , or the wind speed of southwest wind was less than 3.5 m·s -1 , moderate ozone pollution occurred. ④ An optimal prediction model of O 3 concentration was established based on machine learning, which had good predictive ability for O 3 concentration in April, May, July, and September but did not perform well when O 3 concentration exceeded 200 μg·m -3 . Meanwhile, it was found that solar radiation had the most obvious effect on O 3 concentration, followed by relative humidity, whereas the temperature and wind were less important than the former two factors.

Preeclampsia, a progressive disease involving multiple systems, afflicts pregnancy specifically. It contributes to severe maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. It has been reported that preeclampsia initiates from a mismatch between the utero-placental supply and demand, which subsequently triggers the release of placental syncytiotrophoblast stress-derived factors and an imbalance of proangiogenic/antiangiogenic factors, eventually causing maternal systemic endothelial lesions and systemic inflammatory response. Currently, treatments available for preeclampsia are very limited in number. Hence, prediction and prevention carry special significance. Herein, we reviewed the current understanding of preeclampsia, especially findings on the prediction and prevention of preeclampsia published within the past 5 years. We discussed the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) screening model based on placental growth factor (PlGF) and the effects of aspirin, calcium, exercise, and termination of pregnancy in preventing preeclampsia. The efficacy and safety of other new preventive measures still need further validation., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).)

Nitrogen mineralization in riparian soil changes the migration and utilization efficiency of nitrogen, which is closely related to the control of water eutrophication. The differences in soil properties caused by land use alter nitrogen retention and transport capacity. Therefore, the soil of three land use types (woodland, grassland, and cultivated land) in the western riparian zone of Taihu Lake were selected for research on the dynamic changes in nitrogen mineralization amount using an incubation experiment and a leaching characteristics by soil column leaching experiment, and their environmental effects were also studied under different biochar addition conditions (0%, 1%, and 5%). The results showed that, in general, the addition of biochar inhibited nitrogen mineralization in forest land and grassland soil, whereas the effect of biochar on nitrogen mineralization in cultivated land was promoted in low concentrations but inhibited in high concentrations. Leaching experiments showed that the biochar addition reduced the loss of soil mineral nitrogen, and the reduction rate in ammonia nitrogen was 23.28%-39.79%, whereas there was little difference between the three land use types. The nitrate decreased by 17.20%-44.49%, and the reduction rate of cultivated land was smaller than that of forest land and grassland. In conclusion, the input of biochar into grassland and cultivated land can better maintain soil fertility and reduce soil nitrogen loss in riparian soil.

Pinellia ternata is a medicinal herb of Araceae, and its tubers are used as medicines. It is a common Chinese herbal medicine in China and has a large market demand. When exposing to strong light intensity and high temperature during the growth process, P. ternata withers in a phenomenon known as &quot;sprout tumble&quot;, which largely limits tuber production. Shade can effectively delay sprout tumble formation and increase its yield, however the relevant regulation mechanism is unclear. DNA methylation, as a self-modifying response to environmental changes, is often involved in the regulation of plant growth and development. In this study, P. ternata grown under natural light and 90% shading were selected as the control group and the experimental group for genomic DNA methylation analysis by using methylate sensitive amplification polymorphism(MSAP). The results showed that a total of 617 loci were detected with 20 pairs of primers, of which 311 were in the natural light group and 306 in the shading group. The methylation sites in the light and shading groups accounted for 58.2% and 71.57%, respectively, and the methylation ratios in the methylation sites were 27.65% and 29.41%, respectively, indicating that shading significantly induced the genome DNA methylation of P. ternata. Compared to the natural light group, shading promoted 32.51% of the genes methylation, while inducing 16.25% gene demethylation. This study reveals the DNA methylation variation of P. ternata under shading conditions, which lays a preliminary theoretical foundation for further analysis of the mechanism of shading regulation of P. ternata growth from epigenetic level.

Biochar, as a new environmentally friendly material, has been used to improve soil quality and for pollution remediation. Biochar input has a significant impact on available nutrients in the soil. Based on the different land use types (forestland, grassland, cultivated land, and barren land) in the riparian zone of Taihu Lake, the effects of biochar application on the available content of nutrients in different land use types of soil were compared, and the dynamics of nutrient change was also discussed. Results show that the addition of biochar can significantly affect the available nutrient content in riparian soil, however the influential degrees for carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus were different. After the input of biochar, dissolved organic carbon in riparian soils showed a clear downward trend, while the available nitrogen increased slightly, and the available phosphorus increased significantly. For woodland, grassland, arable land and wasteland soils, the contents of dissolved organic carbon decreased by 33.3%, 27.4%, 29.5%, and 51.4%, while the contents of available nitrogen increased by 10.8%, 18.2%, 16.4%, and 15.2%, and the contents of available phosphorus increased by 40.0%, 50.2%, 34.0%, and 43.6%, respectively. Compared with the concentrations between the control group soil (CK) and the biochar additive group soil (BC), the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and available phosphorus exhibited large differences between the two groups regarding available nitrogen concentrations. Among the four types of riparian soils, the effects of biochar on the availability of different nutrients were different.

Pinellia ternata belongs to the Araceae family and is a medicinal herb. The tuber is the medicinal organ with antitussive, antiemetic and anti-tumor activities. It is easy to encounter high temperature environment during the growth periods, leading to decrease of tuber production. At present, the mechanism of response to high temperature stress in P. ternata is still unknown. DNA methylation plays a vital role in plant protection against adversity stress as a way of epigenetic regulation. In this study, P. ternata was used as material for treatment of high temperature stress at 0 h, 6 h and 80 h, and methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism(MSAP) analysis was conducted on the changes of DNA methylation in its genome. The results showed that 20 pairs of MSAP primers were selected from 100 MSAP primers with multiple clear and uniform bands, and 353, 355 and 342 loci were amplified from materials of P. ternata treated in the high temperature stress 0 h, 6 h and 80 h, respectively. Cytosine methylation levels of CCGG context in the above materials were characterized as 60.91%, 44.79% and 44.74%, respectively. And the full methylation ratios were 16.71%, 22.25% and 29.24, respectively. It demonstrated that high temperature stress significantly induced the down-regulation of DNA methylation level and up-regulation of the full methylation rate in P. ternata genome. This study provides a preliminary theoretical reference for analyzing the mechanism of P. ternata responding to high temperature stress from the epigenetic perspective.

Objective: To study the application value of surface electromyography in children with dysphagia., Methods: A total of 20 children with dysphagia were enrolled as the observation group, and 20 healthy children, matched for sex and age, were enrolled as the control group. Surface electromyography was used to record the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups in the resting state and the state after water swallowing. The two groups were compared in terms of the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups in the resting state and the state after swallowing 5 mL water. The observation group was observed in terms of the changes in the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups after 1 month of rehabilitation treatment. A Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of the degree of dysphagia with the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups in the observation group., Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups in the resting state (P>0.05), while after water swallowing, the observation group had significantly higher electromyography integral values than the control group (P<0.05). The observation group had significant improvements in the clinical symptoms of dysphagia after treatment, with significant reductions in the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups (P<0.05). The severity of dysphagia was positively correlated with the electromyography integral values of the submental and infrahyoid muscle groups (P<0.01)., Conclusions: Surface electromyography is useful in the diagnosis and therapeutic effect evaluation for dysphagia in children.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, prevention and treatment of invasive fungal disease (IFD)., Methods: The clinical data of 164 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of IFD in our center from January 2012 to January 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence, clinical characteristics, related factors, treatment methods and prognosis were analyzed., Results: Among 1289 cases of blood diseases, 164 cases suffered from IFD with inciduce of 12.7%. The main infection sites were as followed: lung, blood and gastrointestinal tract, with incidence of 84.2%, 5.5% and 3% respectively. The funge was found in 35 cases by detection; among fungi, the detected rate of candida albicans. aspergillus and candida glabrata was more high with 51.5%, 20% and 14.3% respectively. Among 164 childen with blood deseases complicated by IFD, 36 cases gained complete remission, 97 cases gained partial remission, 10 cases were stable, 11 cases were progressive and 10 cases died, the overall effective rate reached 81.1%. The univariate analysis showed that the gramulopenia, granulocyte recovery, long-term use of corticosteroid and immuno-suppressive agents, as well as different grades of diagnosis were significant factors affecting the efficacy of antifungal therapy for blood disease children with IFD, the multivariate analysis further showed that the granulocyte recovery and diagnosis grades were independent prognostic factors affecting the therapeutic efficacy for IFD children. The overall survival rate of IFD children with 12 weeks of antifungal treatnment was 81.7%, out of which the survival rate of IFD children at 12 weeks of treatment with itraconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B and caspofungin was 81.4%, 80%, 69.4% and 97.1% respectively, there were significant differences in survival rate between each other by long rank test. In addition of caspofungin, the other 3 kinds of drugs had toxic side effects of different degrees, but IFD children could tolerated these effects after symptomatic treatment., Conclusion: The incidence of IFD in children with blood deseases in our hospital is 12.7%, the lung is most common infective site, moreover patogens of IFD mainly is candida. The promotion of granulocyte recovery and early stratified diagnosis can contribule to the treatment of IFD. For the IFD children with better economic condition, the caspofungin is a potent antifungal agent with high efficacy, low toxicity and better prognosis.