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ObjectiveTo understand the pneumococcal vaccination status and its influencing factors among young and middle-aged populations, and provide reference for promoting pneumococcal vaccination. MethodsFrom May to August 2023, a multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to select 5 928 residents aged 19 – 59 years old from Nanchang city in Jiangxi province, Changsha city in Hunan province, and Kunming city in Yunnan province for an online questionnaire survey on pneumococcal vaccination status. ResultsAmong the 4 895 young and middle-aged people finally included in the analysis, only 833 had received pneumococcal vaccine in the past 5 years, with a pneumococcal vaccine uptake rate of 17.02%; multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the pneumococcal vaccine uptake rates were higher among those aged 45 – 59 years old, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery production personnel, professional and technical personnel, smokers, those with general knowledge of pneumococcal diseases and vaccines, and those with general and good trust in pneumococcal vaccines, while the uptake rates were lower among those with high school/technical secondary school education or above and office clerks and related personnel; the top three reasons for pneumococcal vaccination among young and middle-aged people were disease prevention (75.87%), protecting family and colleagues (57.38%), and government and health administration recommending vaccination (43.22%), while the top three reasons for not receiving pneumococcal vaccine were worrying about adverse reactions after vaccination (42.22%), no time for vaccination (28.19%), and believing that the vaccine had limited effectiveness (25.11%), and the top three factors most likely to change vaccination willingness were free/discounted vaccines (46.63%), worrying about the impact of pneumonia infection on family and colleagues (46.53%), and government and health administration recommending vaccination (45.89%). ConclusionThe pneumococcal vaccine uptake rate among young and middle-aged populations was low, and age, education level, occupation, smoking status, knowledge of pneumococcal diseases and vaccines, and trust in vaccines was the main influencing factors for pneumococcal vaccination in this population. Comprehensive policy measures, especially the introduction of preferential policies related to pneumococcal vaccines, should be adopted to promote vaccination.

Heat moisture treatment (HMT) is a widely used method for starch modification due to its safe, green, environmentally friendly, and efficient characteristics. In this study, quinoa starch was modified by HMT with varying moisture contents (20%, 25%, and 30%) at a temperature of 120 °C for 10 hours, and its rheological properties, in vitro digestive properties, and structure were further evaluated. The steady rheology results indicated that all the samples were shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluids. After undergoing HMT, the apparent viscosity of quinoa starch decreased significantly. Additionally, the samples' apparent viscosity decreased as the moisture content of HMT increased. The results of frequency sweep showed that the storage modulus G' of quinoa starch decreased with the increase of moisture content of HMT, while the loss modulus G'', and loss factor increased with the increase of moisture content of HMT. The thixotropic results showed that the thixotropic ring area of quinoa starch decreased with the increase of the moisture content of HMT. Additionally, the results of in vitro digestion showed that the content of rapidly digestible starch in quinoa starch decreased significantly after HMT (P

Drug-induced phlebitis not only increases the pain and economic burden of patients, but also influences the course of treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine is widely used in clinical practice, and it has unique advantages in the treatment of drug-induced phlebitis. By reviewing relevant studies from perspectives of the causes of drug-induced phlebitis, the treatment methods of Traditional Chinese medicine and nursing interventions, this paper aims to provide new ideas for the clinical solution of drug-induced phlebitis and help nursing staff to improve nursing safety and drug awareness, so that they can use traditional Chinese medicine to treat pharmaceutical phlebitis more reasonably. (药物性静脉炎不仅增加患者痛苦和经济负担, 同时也不利于疾病的治疗。中医药在临床应用广泛, 其在治疗药物性静脉炎方面有着独特的优势。本文就药物性静脉炎发生原因、中医药治疗方法和护理干预进行综述, 旨在为临床治疗药物性静脉炎提供新思路和帮助护理人员提高护理安全和用药意识。)

In recent years, researchers have often modulated the sensory and functional properties of foods through the interaction among various food components. Phenolic acids, proteins and carbohydrates widely exist and play important roles in flour products. Until now, existing studies primarily concentrate on the interactions of phenolic acid with protein and carbohydrate, along with their applications in several fields such as food processing and healthcare. The intricate interactions in the phenolic acid-protein-carbohydrate ternary system impart different sensory and functional properties to flour products. In this article, we review the research progress on the interactions among phenolic acid, protein and carbohydrate and their influence on the sensory and functional properties of bread dough, hoping to provide theoretical guidance for the application of the ternary system composed of phenolic acids, proteins and carbohydrates in flour products.

Tempestite has been discovered in the Lower Cambrian Canglangpu Formation in the north central Sichuan Basin. However, there has been limited research on storm sedimentation and the Lower Cambrian sedimentary environments, ancient geography, and ancient sedimentary geomorphology in this region. By conducting detailed core observations and thin section identifications, the storm sedimentation sequence and sedimentation model of the Canglangpu Formation have been investigated, revealing its geological significance. Various storm sedimentation structures, such as gravel sections, graded sections, parallel laminated sections, and hummocky cross-stratifications (HCS), are present in the Canglangpu Formation. The tempestites within this formation can be categorized into five types of storm sedimentation sequences: Sequence Ⅰ includes gravel sections (A), parallel laminatedsections (C), and HCS (D) above the fair-weather wave base (FWB). Sequence Ⅱ comprises parallel laminated section (C), HCS (D), and horizontally laminated mudstone section (E) deposited near the storm wave base (SWB). Sequence Ⅲ includes scouring-fill structures and gravel section (A), as well as a graded section (B) deposited between the fair-weather wave base (FWB) and SWB. Sequence Ⅳ is characterized by a graded section (B) and parallel laminated section (C) located far from the storm center, above and near SWB. Sequence Ⅴ consists of scouring-fill structures and gravel section (A) located between the mean sea level (MSL) and FWB, close to FWB. The analysis of tempestites in north central Sichuan Basin suggests that the initial member of the Canglangpu Formation was deposited on the shelf-ramp-platform margin and shelf, indicating that the Upper Yangtze Plate was situated in a low latitude region during the sedimentation period of the Canglangpu Formation. This information provides valuable insights into lithofacies paleogeography reconstruction. Storm events have resulted in the formation of storm mudflats in the study area, which are favorable for reservoir development. The investigation of storms in the Canglangpu Formation aids in predicting the distribution of shoal facies in the study area.

Nuclear spin singlet is a special quantum state that lasts longer than T1 and can be used to study slow diffusion and motion between molecules. The preparation of singlet states is the key to their successful application. Currently, various methods for preparing singlet states have been reported in the literature, which are mainly applicable to isolated two-spin systems. When the nuclear spin involved in the singlet state is coupled to other spins, the preparation efficiency of the singlet state often decreases. In this paper, taking a three-spin system as an example, we studied the effect of non-singlet spin coupling on the preparation efficiency of singlet states under different coupling configurations. The simulation results show that as the singlet spin changes from weak coupling to strong coupling, the preparation efficiency of the singlet state will maintain a certain stability when the coupling between the singlet spin and the non-singlet spin is symmetrical. This characteristic can provide a reference for selecting appropriate spins to prepare singlet states in complex systems. We experimentally verified this conclusion using a three-spin system in the N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA) molecule. By adjusting the pH of the NAA molecule, the three-spin system can transfer from weak coupling to strong coupling. The experimental results show that the preparation efficiency of the singlet state is significantly higher when the three spins are in strong coupling than that when the spins are in weak coupling.

The critical control points in the production quality management of metal additive manufacturing medical devices, including personnel, hardware, design and development, procurement control, production management and quality control are summarized from the perspective of supervision. The typical cases are analyzed to provide reference for medical device regulatory authorities and enterprises.

Two monosaccharides, glucose and xylose, were used as glycosyl donors to investigate the effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, protein-to-sugar ratio and protein concentration on the wet glycosylation reaction of soybean protein isolate. The allergenicity of SPI-glucose derivative (SPI-glucose) and SPI-xylose derivative (SPI-xylose) was analyzed. SPI-glucose and SPI-xylose were used to produce the hypo-allergenic Chiba tofu. The results showed that xylose was more likely to glycosylate with SPI than glucose, but it was also more likely to produce melanoidin. The highest degree of glycosylation reaction was observed at the protein concentration of 25 mg/mL. The degree of glycosylation reaction was positively correlated with the reaction temperature, reaction time, and the amount of sugar added. The results of SDS-PAGE and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that glycosylation caused covalent binding of SPI and sugar molecules, and the free amino group content of SPI was reduced. The degree of glycosylation reaction was negatively correlated with the allergenicity of SPI, and the allergenicity of SPI-xylose could be reduced by up to 50%. Chiba tofu made from SPI-xylose using glutamine aminotransferase (TGase) had good elasticity and chewiness.

The frequent occurrence of terrorist incidents has seriously affected the security and order of the international community, bringing unprecedented challenges to the safety of passenger and freight transportation. Effectively combating terrorist activities and ensuring personal and property safety are important demands in the field of public security both domestically and globally. Therefore, how to enhance security inspection capabilities through high-tech means has become an important issue and research hotspot of concern. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technology can identify prohibited substances at the molecular level, with high discrimination, and has broad application prospects in the field of safety inspection. Starting from the basic theory of diffraction, this article briefly describes the current research progress in the structure and recognition algorithms of XRD systems, as well as the advantages of XRD technology. An XRD system was built to verify its effectiveness. Finally, the development direction of XRD was prospected, with the aim of further promoting this technology to play a more important role in the field of public safety.

Objective To explore the risk factors of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). Methods The clinical symptoms, signs, imaging examinations, and laboratory test results of two patients with TRALI after blood transfusion were retrospectively analyzed, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping of the patient and HLA antibodies typing of the plasma donors were performed. Results The clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters of two patients were consistent with those of TRALI after blood transfusion. After timely clinical respiratory support treatment, all patients were improved. Blood donors produced high titers of HLA-Ⅱ antibodies after pregnancy, including antibodies that specifically recognize the patient′s HLA antigen. Conclusion Two patients developed TRALI after platelet transfusion from a female blood donor, which was caused by HLA-Ⅱ antibodies.

From the Late Carboniferous to the end of Middle Permian, the most intense glacial event in history of Phanerozoic occurred and it is also the last transition period from icehouse stage to greenhouse stage in geological history. In this paper, the paleotemperature and paleoclimate in the first member of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation (Mao-1) were restored by means of thin section identification, scanning electron microscope, major elements, trace elements, carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes and strontium isotopes, and the major climate evolution process and its driving mechanism in the Middle Permian were discussed. The results show that the biological assemblage type (mainly composed of foraminifera, brachiopods and molluscs, without reef-building organisms or calcareous green algae) and rock structure characteristics (supported by bioclastic and plaster, without oolitic or other non-skeletal particles) of the limestone-marl alternations in the Mao-1 member are similar to those of the international typical cool-water carbonate. During the limestone sedimentary period, the paleotemperature of seawater was 3.72 to 12.38 ℃ (8.15 ℃ in average, δ18O standard) or 13.79 to 14.28 ℃ (13.90 ℃ in average, ω(Mg)/ ω(Ca) standard), while during the marl sedimentary period, the paleotemperature of seawater was 7.00 to 14.24 ℃ (10.97 ℃ in average, δ18O standard) and 13.82 to 15.41 ℃ (14.27 ℃ in average, ω(Mg)/ω(Ca) standard). The paleotemperature changes in the sedimentary period of Mao-1 Member was mainly driven by the short eccentricity cycle of Milankovitch. The cyclical change of the short eccentricity was the driving mechanism of paleotemperature and paleoclimate cycle changes.

This paper reports a case of rare secondary lymphedema with pretibial myxedema, which was diagnosed as secondary lymphedema of both lower extremities by completing a comprehensive examination of the lymphatic system. After partial resection and biopsy were performed on the tumor of the left lower leg, it was initially diagnosed as a fibromyxoid tumor (intermediate type), more likely superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor with myxodegeneration. As the tumor of the left lower leg was rare, after consulting the opinions of some domestic hospitals, and combined with the medical history and hormone treatment effect, our final diagnosis was left anterior tibial myxedema. After more than 10 months of external treatment with halometasone ointment, all nodules became flat, leaving light brown pigmentation spots. This article discusses the differential diagnosis of this disease, with the aim to enhance clinical doctors' understanding of the disease.

Due to the heavy rainfall, from February 26th to 28th 2021, the Moli landslide in Guoye Town, Zhouqu County, experienced creeping deformation with the development of slope cracks and obnious signs of deformation. A total of of 92 households with 402 people were affected, causing a direct economic loss of approximately 14.463 million yuan. This study focuses on the Moli landslide in Guoye Town, where the geological environment and physical and mechanical properties of the soil were deeply understood through remote sensing interpretation, aerial photography, and geological investigation. The cause of the landslide formation was analyzed in detail, and the stability of the landslide was calculated theoretically and analyzed for displacement monitoring. Based on field investigation and drilling analysis, the Massflow numerical model was used to simulate and predict the Moli landslide in Guoye Town, Zhouqu County. The range and thickness of the source area were determined to predict the accumulation process of the landslide and the risk of river blocking. The height of the river blocking and the harm caused by the landslide to the upstream and downstream regions were predicted. The results showed that: (1) Moli landslide is a super-large deep landslide with a long tongue shape, clear shape and deformation, and composed of broken phyllite and broken stone soil. The average depth of the slide body is 40m, and the total volume is 21.2 million stere. (2) The main factors of landslide formation are unfavorable topographic conditions, softening of rock and soil, strong tectonic movement, rainfall infiltration, and front river erosion. (3) The landslide has the risk of destroying the landslide houses, roads, and blocking the river. It is suggested that the residents threatened by the Moli landslide should take measures to avoid danger and relocate as soon as possible. This study can provide reference for the formation mechanism and emergency prevention and control of similar landslide geological disaster chains.

Hyperuricemia is a heterogeneous disease caused by dysregulation of the homeostasis of urate production and excretion, which leads to the elevation of blood uric acid beyond the normal range. It has been found that three common genes ABCG2, SLC2A9 and SLC22A12 have a great influence on serum uric acid level in human body. Other urate transporter genes, such as SLC16A9, SLC22A6, SLC22A7, SLC22A8, SLC22A9, SLC22A11, SLC22A13 and ABCC4 also play a crucial role in the regulation of urate levels. This article reviews the urate transporters mentioned above that have been found to be related to the development of hyperuricemia, including uric acid reabsorption transporter and uric acid secretion transporter in kidney, uric acid transporter in intestine, aiming at providing theoretical and data support for future clinical treatment.

Parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) technique can greatly enhance the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals, and has been applied in the fields of magnetic resonance imaging, in situ chemical reaction monitoring, etc. In addition to improving the sensitivity of different molecules in the PHIP, it is also crucial to extend and preserve the high polarization state. To achieve this, a possible approach is to transfer the polarized state into a nuclear spin singlet state. Here, we focus on the singlet states preparation in hexene molecule that can be polarized by PHIP. By designing optimal control pulses, a five-spin system in hexene molecule was manipulated, and various quantum states were prepared respectively. Our results show that three different nuclear spin singlet states could be prepared with the group CH2=CH- in hexene. The three different nuclear spin singlet states have longer lifetime than that of the initial state polarized by PHIP, and thus can be utilized as the intermediate states to delay the decay of the polarization state. By comparing the lifetime of the singlet state with the longitudinal relaxation time of the corresponding spin, it is deduced that converting the state of the polarized hexene to longitudinal magnetization may also be an effective way to preserve the polarizability.

Objective To establish RH gene mRNA sequencing method based on nanopores sequencing and to explore the RHD and RHCE mRNA transcripts in D positive and Del individuals. Methods From March 2021 to May 2022, 5 RhD positive samples and 5 Del samples screened out by hospitals in Chengdu were sent to our laboratory for futher examination. The erythrocytes and buff coat were isolated, then DNA and RNA were extracted.All 10 samples were genotyped by PCR-SSP. After the mRNA was reversely transcribed into cDNA, the full-length mRNA of RHD and RHCE genes were simultaneously amplified by a pair of primers. Sanger sequencing and third-generation sequencing technology based on Nanopore were used to sequence the amplified products, and the types and expressions of different splices of RHD and RHCE gene mRNA transcripts were analyzed. Results The method established in this study can simultaneously amplify the full length transcripts of RHD and RHCE. Ten different RHD gene mRNA transcripts and nine RHCE gene mRNA transcripts were detected in 10 samples. RHD full-length transcript (RHD-201) can be detected in RhD Del type, but the expression amount was significantly lower than that in RhD positive samples. The expression amount of transcript RHD-207 (Del789) in Del samples was significantly higher than that in RhD positive samples. The transcript RHD-208 (Del8910+ 213) was only detected in RhD Del type individuals, and no significant difference was found between other RHD transcripts and all RHCE transcripts in the two phenotypes. Conclusion In this study, an analytical method for sequencing full-length transcript isomers of RHD and RHCE mRNA via the third generation was successfully established, and complex alternative splicing patterns were found in RHD and RHCE genes, providing a new method for the study of alternative splicing of blood group gene variants mRNA.

Objective To explore the effect of sandplay therapy on separation anxiety and other psychological disorders of children aged 3-12 years old who were not accompanied by family members under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control. Methods Totally 170 children who were admitted to the hospital for surgery from February 2021 to May 2022 were enrolled. Random sampling methods were used to divide the children into the control group (n=85) and the intervention group (n=85) according to whether they were treated with sandplay therapy. The two groups of children were collected on the second day of hospitalization and the day of discharge Multidimensional Anxiety Scale (MASC) scores of children and adolescents and a survey of satisfaction with family members at discharge. Results . On the day of discharge from the hospital, the total scores of the MSAC scale scores and the MASC scores of each subscale of the two groups were significantly lower than those at admission(P＜0. 01). The total score of MASC in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P＜0. 01), and the scores of injury avoidance, separation anxiety, and social anxiety were significantly lower in the intervention group than the total scores of the control group (P＜0. 01). Conclusion The responsible nurses accompany the whole process combining sandplay therapy can significantly improve the mental health of children. Sandplay therapy, as a therapeutic psychological care method, can be used as part of the comprehensive nursing plan for hospitalized children, especially those hospitalized during the epidemic. It is worthwhile further research and promotion. (目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情常态化防控期间运用箱庭疗法对3～12岁无家属陪住患儿的分离性焦虑等心理障碍的缓解作用。方法 纳入2021年2月—2022年5月收治入院的手术患儿170例, 采用随机抽样方法分为对照组和干预组, 各85例。对照组实施常规排班, 患儿接受常规治疗和护理; 干预组实施责任护士制, 并在对照组基础上增加箱庭疗法心理干预。收集两组患儿住院第2天及出院当天的儿童青少年多维度焦虑量表(MASC)评分。结果 出院当天两组MSAC量表评分总分及各分量表得分较入院时下降(P＜0. 01), 干预组MASC总得分低于对照组(P＜0. 01); MASC量表分量表中伤害逃避、分离性焦虑及社会焦虑得分干预组低于对照组(P＜0. 01)。结论 责任护士全程陪护联合箱庭疗法能有效改善患儿的心理健康状况, 箱庭疗法作为治疗性心理护理方法, 可以作为住院患儿, 尤其是疫情期间住院患儿的综合护理方案的一部分, 值得进一步研究及推广。)

Most current JPEG steganalytic methods can only extract features from a series of linear residuals.Non-linear filters are not considered in these JPEG steganalytic methods, resulting in single types of residuals.Hence, a JPEG steganalytic method using non-linear residuals was proposed.Firstly, non-linear residuals were generated without a high computational cost by using element-wise minimum and maximum operations across a couple of linear residuals which had been obtained in the current JPEG steganalytic method.Secondly, according to the JPEG phase, the non-linear residual was divided into sub-residuals in which the histogram features were extracted.Thirdly, considering the minimum and maximum operators, the symmetrization method was accordingly designed.Finally, all the symmetrized histogram features were concatenated to form the final feature set.Experimental results indicate that the performance for JPEG steganalysis can be improved effectively by using both the linear and the non-linear residuals.

There are two methods to verify the durability characteristics of a new designed leafspring, there are physical test which takes more time and cost and CAE simulation which is time-saving and cost-saving. Aiming at coming up an effective CAE simulation of the leafspring life, the CAE simulation for stiffness and strength with rig test is validated. Base on the validated CAE method, with material property from test, CAE fatigue simulation is conducted with different surface treatment factor and validated with rig test to find out the best parameter for good life correlation. Finally, an effective CAE life prediction of automotive leafspring is provided, and the solution can serve as a good reference for the industry.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of aloe polysaccharide on oxidative damage in HepG2 cells, and analyze its antioxidant capacity in vitro. Methods: HepG2 cells were used as the study target, to establish D-galactose-induced cell oxidation damage model and pre-protected with different concentrations of aloe polysaccharide. Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to determine the survival rate of HepG2 cells, biochemical assays were performed to detect the cellular superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde content. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the cellular Keap1, Nrf2, NQO1 and HO-1 gene expression levels. Results: Compared with the D-galactose model group, the pre-protection with 25, 50, 100 μg/mL of aloe polysaccharide increased the survival rate of HepG2 cells to different degrees. Aloe polysaccharide significantly enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes in cells and reduced the production of malondialdehyde in cells (P

Objective In engineering, the edge trimming method is often used to solve the problem of ship-machine-propeller mismatch caused by excessive load. In order to explore the effects of edge trimming on the vibration characteristics of the propeller, this paper studies the vibration of a propeller with edge trimming based on parametric modeling. MethodsDTMB4381, DTMB4382 and DTMB4383 propellers are selected as research examples, then Matlab programming technology and the ANSYS secondary development program are combined to obtain the influence laws of different unilateral edge trimming on the vibration characteristics of the propeller, and the different reasons behind the corresponding influence laws are analyzed. ResultsFor the DTMB4381 propeller without skew, the natural frequency increases slightly with the increase of the edge trimming amount, but the mode shape does not change much. For the DTMB4382 and DTMB4383 propellers with skew, with the increase of the edge trimming amount, the change law of the natural frequency remains basically the same as that of the DTMB4381 propeller without skew. ConclusionsSkew does not change the vibration characteristics of a propeller under different unilateral trimming amounts; with the increase of the trimming amount, the natural frequency change rate of the two types of propeller shapes after chamfering will be significantly improved, and the increase is more pronounced at higher levels. The corresponding secondary development program can help the relevant personnel to select the optimal trimming scheme from the perspective of vibration characteristics in practical engineering, providing a theoretical basis and guidance for the design and improvement of trimming schemes.

In order to maintain the stability of the transmitter to ensure the quality of the output signal, we propose a novel technique of automatic bias control based on the pilot signal that can be used in high-order modulation formats. The proposed scheme requires loading a pair of orthogonal pilot signals to the modulator and tapping the frequency-shifted local oscillation light with the signal light output from the modulator to achieve coherent detection. The control of the bias voltage is achieved by means of correlation operation and monitoring the value of the correlation coefficient. This scheme combines coherent detection and correlation detection techniques, which can effectively improve the sensitivity and control accuracy of the system. The feasibility of this scheme in high-order modulation systems and the improvement of sensitivity are also fully verified by simulation.

Existing face super-resolution methods are mainly based on an assumption that the input images are noise-free. Their performance degrades drastically when applied to real-world scenarios where the input image is always contaminated by noise. To solve this problem, a multi-information fusion network was proposed, which can reconstruct high-resolution face images with rich details by using two prior information of face parsing image and face attributes. In this method, a coarse SR network was constructed to recover a coarse high-resolution image. Then, the prior information was modeled by an analytic graph estimation network and an attribute analysis and reconstruction network. The reconstruction of high-resolution face images was constrained in pixel space and semantic space. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the robustness of the model to noise. On the CelebA data set, the reconstructed image of the proposed method not only have better subjective quality, but also have a peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) improvement of about 0.2dB compared with the mainstream methods.

Chinese milk vetch (CMV) has high nutritional value, but it is often used as green manure and forage grasses, with low economic returns. This study aimed to broaden the channel of its resource utilization. Two CMV seeds from Hunan (Xiang No.1) and Anhui (Wan No.1) province were hydroponically developed to CMV sprouts. Taking mature stems and leaves of CMV as the positive control, the differences in phenolic composition and dynamic changes of antioxidant capability during 8~14 d after germination were analyzed and compared between two sprouts, as well as the correlation between phenolic substances and antioxidant activity. The results showed that the contents of total phenols (TPC), total flavonoids (TFC) and antioxidant capacity of two CMV sprouts had an upward trend during 8~14 d of growth. Wan No.1 sprouts performed better than Xiang No.1 sprouts. The 14th-day Wan No.1 sprouts showed high TPC (7.31 mg/g dw), TFC (5.86 mg/g dw) and strong antioxidant activities. A total of 12 phenolic compounds were detected, including five more phenolic substances than mature stems and leaves, which were gallic acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, salicylic acid and syringic acid. Its dominant components were kaempferol (12.86±0.34 mg/g), apigenin (6.38±0.17 mg/g), quercetin (5.36±0.04 mg/g), p-coumaric acid (4.59±0.13 mg/g), gallic acid (3.01±0.11 mg/g), luteolin (3.00±0.02 mg/g) and ferulic acid (2.35±0.29 mg/g). Among them, the content of gallic acid was 13 times that of the 14th-day Xiang No.1 sprouts, and the content of p-coumaric acid was 33 times that of mature stems and leaves. This study could provide preliminary theoretical support and related parameters for CMV seed selection and sprouts breeding, and it is recommended that CMV sprouts should be further focused and studied.

Galactomannan is a polysaccharide natural polymer compound, which has certain water-solubility, thickening and cross-linking, but has the shortcomings of long dispersion process and low solubility. Physical or chemical modification of galactomannan to optimize physical and chemical properties and improve product performance is the focus of current research. The anionic derivatives modified by carboxymethyl have obvious improvement in dissolution rate, water solubility, transparency and so on, and have broad application prospects. In this paper, the composition, structure and defects of galactomannan in industrial production are introduced, and the necessity of modification and the advantage of carboxymethyl modification are described. Secondly, the modification methods, characterization and application status of carboxymethyl galactomannan are summarized. The structure and rheological properties of the modified galactomannan as well as its research progress in the medical field as a sustained-release carrier are summarized. In the end, the limitations of the research status quo of carboxymethyl galactomannan and the direction of future research are summarized and prospected, in order to provide reference for expanding the application field and depth of galactomannan resources in China.

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with primary chylothorax who failed in the treatment of thoracic duct ligation (TDL). Methods This study was a retrospective analysis. The subjects were patients with primary chylothorax who had failed in TDL treatment in other hospitals and were admitted to the Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2007 to October 2021. The clinical features and results of direct lymphangiography (combined with CT imaging data after lymphangiography) after admission were summarized. Results A total of 38 patients with primary chylothorax who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. After TDL treatment, 50.0%(19/38) patients had increased drainage of pleural effusion and 36.8% (14/38) patients developed new symptoms. The results of direct lymphangiography showed that the ligation of the thoracic duct was relatively complete in all patients. The patients generally had different degrees of lymphatic reflux disorder, and manifested lymphatic dilatation (94.7%, 36/38) and different forms of lymphatic reflux (92.1%, 35/38). Conclusions In this study, the leaking point of primary chylothorax may be located between the cisterna chylior its branching lymphatic vessels and the ligation point. The failure of TDL treatment may be related to the aggravation of the existing lymphatic reflux disorder caused by TDL. Lymphangiography before TDL is recommended for patients with primary chylothorax to guide the formulation of treatment.

Objective To explore the polymorphism of HPA-1-6w, HPA-15 and 32bw-35bw in platelet donors in Deyang, Sichuan, and estimate whether to include the detection of 32bw-35bw in the platelet bank. Methods Polymerase chain reaction with sequenced based typing (PCR-SBT) was used to sequence the HPA-1-6w, HPA-15 and 32bw-35bw loci of 205 platelet donors in Deyang. Allele frequencies were calculated by the direct counting method. The frequencies of HPA-1-6 and 15 alleles in northern and southern Chinese, Japanese and Australian population were compared, and those HPA loci and HPA-32bw-35bw were searched in the Chinese Millionome Database (CMDB) and genomAD to obtain the polymorphism data. Then the Chi-square test was performed with the data of this study through GraphPad Prism 9 software. Results The allele frequencies of HPA-1b, 2b, 3b, 5b, 6bw and HPA-15b were 0.005(2/410), 0.037(15/410), 0.471(193/410), 0.020(8/410), 0.010(4/410) and 0.461(189/410), respectively, b allele of HPA-32bw-35bw and HPA-4 was not detected. Statistical significance was observed between the HPA-1b allele frequency of this study and northern Chinese, Australian population and genomAD global population sample (P< 0.05, 0.005 vs 0.014 vs 0.145 vs 0.122). The frequency of HPA-2b alleles in this study, Japanese population and genomAD global population samples was 0.037 vs 0.120 vs 0.100, with statistical difference(P

Autonomous path planning of UAV is a key technical problem for future UAV operation. In view of the shortcomings of traditional route planning methods,such as low efficiency,poor real-time performance,easy to fall into local optimum,an improved heuristic ant colony algorithm for UAV route planning is proposed. In the early stage of the algorithm,Dijkstra algorithm is used to initialize the track,and heuristic information is introduced to improve the search efficiency. Logistic chaotic map is used to initialize pheromone,so that the diversity of solutions can be increased and the convergence speed of the algorithm can be improved. In the middle and late stage of the algorithm,multi-track selection strategy and simulated annealing mechanism are used to improve the global search ability of the algorithm,which avoid falling into local optimum due to too fast convergence speed solution. The simulation results show that,compared with the basic ant colony algorithm,the improved ant colony algorithm can plan a path from the start to the end effectively in the complex environment with threats and obstacles. It also has higher optimization accuracy and faster convergence speed,which is of applicable value.

Background and objective Lung cancer still has the highest incidence rate and mortality rate nowadays. In recent years, with the emergence of new drugs and the optimization of treatment mode, especially the clinical application of immunotherapy, the prognosis of lung cancer patients has been improved. However, the benefits of immunotherapy are still limited. Therefore, it is necessary to find new biomarkers to predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients and explore its impact on the immune microenvironment. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to analyze the gene sequencing and clinical data of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The distribution of RASGRP2 in lung adenocarcinoma was determined by using the human protein mapping database. The Kaplan-Meier plotter database was used to explore the relationship between the expression of RASGRP2 and the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. KEGG and GO gene enrichment analysis was performed in patients with high and low expression of RASGRP2. TCGA database was used to analyze the co-expression genes of RASGRP2 and TIMER database was used to calculate the immune related lymphoid infiltration of RASGRP2 and its coexpression genes. The relationship between RASGRP2 expression and immune checkpoint expression was analyzed by using TIMER 2.0 database. Results We found that RASGRP2 was low expressed in lung adenocarcinoma, and its expression level was related to the prognosis of patients. The high expression of RASGRP2 was involved in the process of hematopoietic cell formation and cell adhesion, and RASGRP2 played an important role in the process of T cell activation. Through TCGA database analysis, ZAP70, TBC1D10C, RASAL3, FGD2, CD37 and ACAP1 were significantly correlated with RASGRP2. The high expression of these genes leaded to the increase of the proportion of CD8+ T cells, memory CD4+ T cells, and the decrease of the proportion of neutrophils and Treg cells. Finally, we found that the expression of RASGRP2 was significantly correlated with the expression of CD274, CTLA4, LAG3 and TIGIT. Conclusion RASGRP2 was abnormally expressed in lung adenocarcinoma and correlated with the infiltration level of immune related cells, which might influence the efficacy of immunotherapy.

A MS6.6 earthquake occurred at 4:07 am on July 23，2020 in Nima County，Nagqu，Tibet Autonomous Region. The location of the main shock is 33.19°N，86.81°E，and the focal depth is 10 km. At 18:50 on the same day，a strong aftershock of MS4.8 occurred with a focal depth of 10 km. Based on the regional waveform data of Tibet，Qinghai and Xinjiang，we use the ISOLA full waveform method for local earthquakes to retrieve the focal mechanism of these two events. The results show that the best fault plane solution of Nima MS6.6 main earthquake is as follows：strike 8°/dip 46°/rake −93° for nodal plane Ⅰ，strike 191°/dip 44°/rake −87° for nodal plane Ⅱ；the moment magnitude is MW6.4，and the centroid depth is 7 km. The spatial orientation of the principal stress axis in the focal area is defined where the azimuth of the main pressure axis P is 220° and the plunge angle is 88°，and the azimuth of the main tension axis T is 99° and the plunge angle is 1°. The results show the best fault plane solution of the MS4.8 aftershock with strike 12°/dip 47°/rake −106° for nodal plane Ⅰ and strike 214°/dip 45°/rake −74° for nodal plane Ⅱ；Moment magnitude is MW5.0，and the best depth of moment center is 6 km. The spatial orientation of the main stress axis in the focal area is as follows：the azimuth angle of the main pressure axis P is 207° and the plunge angle is 78°，and the main tension axis T is 113° and the plunge angle is 1°. Focal mechanism inversion results show that these two earthquakes are mainly normal fault events，which are in good agreement with the previous focal mechanisms near the focal area. Combined with the surrounding geological structure and aftershock distribution，we believe the Nima MS6.6 earthquake may be caused by the activity of a normal fault between the Riganpei Co fault and the fault on the western margin of the Yibug Caka Basin.

To solve the problem of path planning of UAV data collection, it was generally be divided into global path planning and local path planning.For global path planning, it was modeled as an orientation problem, which was a combination of two classical optimization problems, the knapsack problem and the traveling salesman problem.The pointer network of deep learning was used to solve the model to obtain the service node set and service order under the energy constraint of the UAV.In terms of the local path planning, the reference signal strength (RSS) of the sensor node received by UAV was employed to learn the local flight path of UAV by deep Q network, which enabled the UAV to approach and serve the nodes.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively improve the revenue of UAV data collection under the energy constraint of UAV.

To predict the resonance frequency of the real liquefied natural gas (LNG) tank, a Cartesian grid based three-dimensional (3D) multiphase flow model is used to simulate violent sloshing in a prismatic tank at different filling levels and excitation frequencies. In this model, a semi-implicit finite difference method is adopted to solve the incompressible two-phase flow Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations on a staggered Cartesian grid. Besides, a radial basis function ghost cell method (RBFGCM) is used to treat the irregular tank walls and a 3D gradient-augmented level set (GALS) method is used to capture highly nonlinear free surfaces. Based on the present model, the violent sloshing induced by rolling excitations in the 3D prismatic tank is simulated. Satisfactory convergences of grid sizes and time steps demonstrate the high accuracy and reliability of the present method. Moreover, the present results of the impulsive pressure and wave elevation agree well with the experimental data for different filling water depths. In addition, violent sloshing phenomena are captured such as wave rolling. Furthermore, the relationship between the pressure amplitude on the tank wall and the excitation frequency at four filling levels are investigated to identify the resonance frequency of the prismatic tank, to provide theorical guides for structrual design of the tanks.

The long-life nuclear spin singlet states (LLSs) have broad application prospects due to the unique nature of their long lifetime. Herein, in a solution of alanylglycylgcine (AGG), the nuclear spin singlet state of a two-spin system far from the chiral carbon in the structure is prepared. Then, the effects of sample concentration, temperature, radiofrequency (RF) center, J-coupling value and magnetic field inhomogeneity on conversion efficiency and lifetime of the LLSs were investigated. The experimental results showed that the conversion efficiency and lifetime of the singlet state were not affected by the sample concentration and magnetic field inhomogeneity, but increased with increasing experimental temperature. The influence of the position of RF center on the singlet state was not obvious when it changed within a small range, but the conversion efficiency and lifetime reduced significantly when the changes were large. Moreover, the singlet state was found to be sensitive to the changes of J-coupling value. The conversion efficiency and lifetime reduced significantly with choose of non-accurate J-coupling constant.

Objective To summarize clinical and imaging features of posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome (PRES) caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and nephrotic syndrome (NS). Methods A total of 53 patients clinically diagnosed with PRES from January 2013 to December 2017 were selected. The patients were divided into SLE group (31 patients) and NS group (22 patients) according to their primary diseases. Differences between the 2 groups in imaging features, affected sites and severity of lesions were compared. Results Incidence rates of epileptiform seizure (χ2 = 9.255, P = 0.002) and visual impairment (χ2 = 7.005, P = 0.008) of the NS group were higher than those in the SLE group. In the SLE group, bilateral periventricular areas (adjusted χ2 = 5.377, P = 0.020), basal ganglia(adjusted χ2 = 4.825, P = 0.028) and centrum semiovale (χ2 = 8.113, P = 0.004) were mainly involved. The differences of imaging type between the 2 groups were statistically significant (Fisher's exact probability: P =0.029). The proportion of parietal occipital lobe distribution in NS group was significantly higher than that in SLE group (Fisher's exact probability: P = 0.016). After treatment, PRES recovery in the SLE group was better and faster than that in NS group (t = 2.612, P = 0.013). Conclusions Common pathogens of PRES namely SLE and NS are different in certain degree of imaging features, and this will be significant to understand pathophysiological mechanism and clinical diagnosis of this disease. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2019.09.015

Currently, the utilization efficiency of energy still remains at a low level, although the depletion of fossil fuel is appoaching. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop new materials and technologies for energy-saving and environment protection. Phase-change materials (PCM), which can absorb or release heat through inversible phase change, are very promising in the fields of heat storage and thermal management. In this paper, the characteristics and classification of PCM were introduced briefly in the first section, and then the application and development status of PCM were reviewed and analyzed detailedly. In the third part, the main problems of PCM were pointed out, and the related research work and recent research progress were analyzed and discussed. Finally, it was pointed out that optimizing material properties through new functional composite technology, designing new material system, expanding new application fields are the main development directions of phase change energy storage materials.

Connectionless access allows massive machine type communication (mMTC) devices to transmit small packets without establishment of radio bearers,significantly reducing device power consumption and control signaling overhead.Two-stage connectionless access (TSCLA) improves throughput and resource efficiency by optimally allocating resources between scheduling request (SR) phase and data transmission phase,which can be used for bigger packets and high traffic load.Based on this,a comprehensive theoretical analysis of one kind of TSCLA with collision detection was conducted to investigate its performance limit and devise its optimal resource allocation scheme.In addition,to avoid the complexity of user number estimation,a dynamic resource allocation algorithm with feedback control was proposed.Numerical results are provided to validate the effectiveness of aforementioned theoretical results and show that comparing with the genie aided algorithm known exactly the number of users,the performance loss of the proposed algorithm is within 4%.These works together provide good references for appropriate resource dimensioning for mMTC related protocols.

To extend the battery life of massive machine type devices (MTD),narrow-band Internet of things (NB-IoT) system extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) mechanism of LTE to the maximum as well as introduced a lower power state named as power saving mode (PSM).Three Markov models were established for three typical NB-IoT traffic scenarios,which called mobile autonomous reporting periodic report (MAR-P),mobile autonomous reporting exception report (MAR-E),software update/reconfiguration (SUR).The states of each Markov model were the working status of MTDs,including connected,idle and PSM state,in which the connected state was divided into random access state and data translating/receiving state to further evaluate the additional power consumption caused by collisions from massive MTDs concurrent access.Thereby,the power consumption and delay models with respect to each traffic scenarios were derived.Since the frequency of MAR-P traffic was far greater than the other two,the battery life of this traffic case with its optimal design choice was comprehensively analyzed.Numerical results show that,the battery life is mostly influenced by transmission period,maximum number of random access attempts,maximum number of data transmissions and traffic load,which can be maximized by appropriate parameters setting up.These works provide good references for NB-IoT device behavior modeling and optimization design.

Wide-line solid-state proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectrometry is a classical technique to study the phase structures of semi-crystalline polymers. In this paper, the wide-line solid-state 1H NMR spectrum of semi-crystalline polyethylene was acquired, and fitted with the combination of Gaussian/Sinc, Gaussian and Lorentzian functions. The four signal components decomposed from the wide-line solid-state 1H NMR spectra were assigned to the crystallization phase, crystalline interface phase, amorphous interface phase and amorphous phase, respectively. The chain dynamics in different phase was also studied with the temperature-dependent wide-line solid-state 1H NMR method. The difficulties in determining the crystallinity of semi-crystalline polymers with wide-line solid-state 1H NMR were discussed.

The virtual machine attestation scheme proposed by trusted computing group (TCG) can provide attestation service of virtual machine for cloud computing.However,the service using the scheme proposed by the TCG directly would be threatened by the cuckoo attack and its performance would be lower.Therefore,a new virtual machine remote attestation scheme based on virtual machine introspection (VMI) was proposed.Firstly,it eliminated the path to perform cuckoo attacks in virtual machines via obtaining virtual machines′ remote attestation evidence in virtual machine monitor (VMM).Secondly,it used physical trusted platform module (TPM) to ensure the integrity of virtual machines’ remote attestation evidence and reduced the number of attestation identity key (AIK) certificates required during remote attestation to balance the load of private CA.Experiments show that the proposed scheme can verify the status of virtual machines correctly and increase the performance of bulk virtual machines’ remote attestation significantly.

A novel adaptive modulation based on nondata-aided error vector magnitude (NDA-EVM) was proposed to solve the problem of lower spectral efficiency in device to device (D2D) communication over Nakagami-m fading channel.The NDA-EVM was used to evaluate the channel quality.The relationship between NDA-EVM and symbol error ratio (SER) was derived according to the maximum likelihood method.Thereafter,the adaptive modulation mechanism of MQAM with the SER constraint was designed.Considering the joint effect of finite-length queuing and fading channel,the system packet loss rate and spectral efficiency was analyzed.Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments show that NDA-EVM based adaptive modulation accurately gives the modulation threshold and evaluates the relationship between QoS and packet loss rate,the proposed algorithm improves system spectral efficiency while maintaining low algorithm complexity,spectral efficiency improves by 0.752 bit·(s·Hz)-1,compared with traditional algorithm.

A Markov chain model with coverage classes as state variables was established to describe the dynamics of the coverage classes updating mechanism of narrow-band internet of things (NB-IoT).An optimization model to minimize average probability of access failure as well as average power consumption was formulated,with which the effects of preamble repetition number,system load and global maximum transmission number on the optimal configuration of maximum transmission number of each coverage class was analyzed.Numerical analysis results show that the maximum transmission number of normal coverage and extended coverage have a great influence on the system performance and their value ranges should be set within[1,5]and[1,7]respectively.However,the maximum transmission number of extreme coverage has little influence on the system performance,its value could be any one in[1,10]but the recommended value is 1.In addition,the average power consumption of the model that introduced coverage classes’ rollback mechanism is about 95% lower than the model proposed by 3GPP.

The virtual trusted platform module (vTPM) played an important role in virtualization of trusted computing.According to security problems of existed vTPM,a protection scheme based on vTPM label was proposed.Firstly,a vTPM label was created for each virtual machine.This label had four main components,signature information,encryption information,measurement information and status information.Then,the security-enhanced vTPM dynamic migration protocol based on vTPM label status information was designed,to ensure the security of vTPM during live migration based on status information of vTPM label.Experiments show that the proposed scheme can protect vTPM secrets effectively and the increased performance cost during live migration is only 19.36%.

Long-lived nuclear singlet states are widely used in NMR because they have longer lifetime (TS) than conventional longitudinal relaxation time (T1). In this paper, we present a new method to calculate the parameters for preparing long-lived nuclear singlet states, which is applicable to weakly-coupled three-spin systems. It was found that in the same three-spin system, there existed a variety of combination of singlet states with different proportional coefficients. Herein, we prepared two singlet states in an acrylic acid sample. The lifetime of the two states was measured experimentally, which showed significant difference. In addition, the effects of temperature on the singlet state lifetimes of acrylic acid were investigated.

The performance prediction of wireless system over κ−μ shadowed fading channels was a challenging problem of wireless communications,which affects transmission scheme design seriously.To solve this problem,a novel method of quantifying the κ−μ shadowed fading channels performance based on nondata-aided error vector magnitude (NDA-EVM) was proposed.NDA-EVM was considered as a new metric to evaluate the change of the channels.The unified model to calculate different modulation order of NDA-EVM was analytically derived by maximum likelihood criterion.Moreover,the relationship between the κ−μ distribution and the NDA-EVM was built by using the attenuation factor of the channel as intermediate variable.Thereafter,the lower bounds of the NDA-EVM over the κ−μ shadowed fading channels were formulated,which was also simplified for various typical channels.The theoretical analysis was taken,moreover,numerical results were also conducted to verify the effectiveness of the derived formulation.It shows that NDA-EVM estimation has the lest root mean square error than data-aided signal to noise ratio (DA-SNR) estimation and error vector magnitude (DA-EVM) estimation over the κ−μ shadowed fading channels.The derived lower bounds closely match the theoretical values,especially at low SNR.In addition,the lower bounds are negatively related to all of the parameters of the κ−μ shadowed fading channels,which make it sensitive to the change of the fading channels.

HTTP adaptive streaming (HAS) has become the standard for adaptive video streaming service.In changing network environments,current hardcoded-based rate adaptation algorithm was less flexible,and it is insufficient to consider the quality of experience (QoE).To optimize the QoE of users,a rate control approach based on Q-learning strategy was proposed.the client environments of HTTP adaptive video streaming was modeled and the state transition rule was defined.Three parameters related to QoE were quantified and a novel reward function was constructed.The experiments were employed by the Q-learning rate control approach in two typical HAS algorithms.The experiments show the rate control approach can enhance the stability of rate switching in HAS clients.

Electric power backbone communication network service analysis and service flow calculation is the most important aspect for network plan and optimization.According to the smart grid service carried on backbone commu-nication network,the basic service model and service flow calculation method was carried out for dedicated circuit service and IP service.Based on the requirement of the “13thFive-Year” plan,the typical power system production and management information service model were carried out and the every service data flow could be calculated.The service models and service data flow calculation method were used in the “13thFive-Year” plan communication net-work plan of state grid.

A novel nondata-aided error vector magnitude based adaptive modulation(NDA-EVM-AM) was proposed to solve the problem of lower spectral efficiency over rapidly time-varying wireless channels.Namely,NDA-EVM was considered as a metric to reflect the rapid change of time-varying channels.The unified model to calculate different modulation order of NDA-EVM was analytically derived,with which the relationship between NDA-EVM and bit error rate (BER) for each modulation order was presented.Thereafter,the mechanism to adaptively select the modulation orders of multilevel quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) signals was designed to guarantee the predefined BER.Taking the two rapidly time-varying channels proposed for high-speed railway scenarios as examples,numerical results are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.It shows that NDA-EVM estimation has the lest root mean square error than data-aided error vector magnitude (DA-EVM) estimation and signal to noise ratio estimation.The proposed algorithm has better accuracy in aspects of channel quality estimation and modulation orders adjustment,Compared with conventional data-aided error vector magnitude based-adaptive modulation (DA-EVM-AM),the accuracy improves by 7.9%,spectral efficiency improves by 0.53 bit·s−1·Hz−1,and compared with signal to noise ratio based-adaptive modulation (SNR-AM),the accuracy improves by 15.7%,spectral efficiency improves by 0.82 bit·s−1·Hz−1.

With the rapid growth of the scale and complexity of enterprise information systems, traditional fault diagnosis and analysis methods relying on human experiences and manual operations cost more and more labor and time. To solve this problem, an automatic algorithm was proposed. The algorithm exploits information from system operation monitoring indicators and alarm data, based on decision tree, to automatically diagnose and analyze faults of enterprise information systems. The algorithm was verified, and the decision tree model and training method was simulated and analyzed comparatively under R language environment, using alarm data extracted from real operation data of a typical large-scale enterprise system. The experiment results show that this algorithm is able to achieve fast automatic fault diagnosis accurately, and is much helpful on improving efficiencies of information system fault processing.

The major contribution was using the K-means to create nodes instead of traditional Waxman means in order to get a suitable and strong original electric power communication network.After the nodes were created,a vulnerability analysis was given on the grid of the network topology and check that if it has a network islanding,at last the weak nodes would be reinforced.A simulation about this algorithm shows that this algorithm which combines K-means and vulner-ability can create a electric power communication networks with better resistance of risks.

With the reduction of the cost of power data acquisition and the interconnection of large scale power systems,the types of data available in the power network are becoming more and more abundant.In the past,the centralized fore-casting method was limited to the analysis of the massive power data.Therefore,a short-term power load forecasting based on large data and particle swarm optimization BP neural network was proposed,and short-term power load fore-casting model was established.The actual load data of the national grid,using the method of prediction,compared with the actual load data and centralized load forecasting results prove that this method is accurate enough,reduce the load forecasting time with feasibility in practical application.