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ObjectiveTo explore the mediating effect of depressive symptoms on occupational stress and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in employees of petrochemical enterprises for developing intervention measures on WMSDs. MethodsTotally 4 066 employees were recruited with cluster sampling from a petrochemical enterprise in Jiangsu province for an online survey conducted during July – October 2021. Core Occupational Stress Scale (COSS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)，and two questionnaire on demographics and WMSDs developed by Chinese researchers previously were used in the survey. Spearman rank correlation analysis was adopted to analyze the relationships between occupational stress, depression symptoms, and WMSDs; hierarchical regression analysis and bootstrap method were used to verify the mediating effect of depressive symptoms on the correlation between occupational stress and WMSDs. ResultsOf the 3 763 participants with valid responses, 2 934 (77.97%) were assessed as having WMSDs during past one year. The participants′ mean scores were 3.47 ± 3.17 on WMSDs and 10.04 ± 5.99 on depressive symptoms; the mean score on occupational stress was 45.79 ± 9.48, with the dimensional scores of 19.81 ± 3.75 on social support, 15.85 ± 4.94 on organization and reward, 12.35 ± 3.39 on demand and effort, and 4.62 ± 1.80 on autonomy, respectively. Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed following significant correlations among partici-pants′ scores on WMSDs, occupational stress and its dimensions, and depression symptoms: (1) positive correlations of WMSDs with overall occupational stress (r = 0.334), occupational stress dimensions of organization and reward (r = 0.284) and demand and effort (r = 0.202), and depression symptoms (r = 0.463) (P < 0.01 for all); (2) negative correlations of WMSDs with occupational stress dimensions of social support (r = – 0.256) and autonomy (r = – 0.141) (both P < 0.01); (3) positive correlations of depression symptoms with overall occupational stress (r = 0.621), occupational stress dimensions of organization and reward (r = 0.540) and demand and effort (r = 0.410) (P < 0.01 for all); (4) negative correlations of depression symptoms with social support (r = – 0.419) and autonomy (r = – 0.196) (both P < 0.01); (5) positive correlations of overall occupational stress with occupational stress dimensions of organization and reward (r = 0.848) and demand and effort (r = 0.639) (both P < 0.01); and (6) negative correlations of overall occupational stress with occupational stress dimensions of social support (r = – 0.648) and autonomy (r = – 0.310) (both P < 0.01). The results of mediating effect analysis showed that depressive symptoms had a partial mediating effect on the correlations of WMSDs with occupational stress dimensions of social support (effect value = – 0.137; confidence interval [CI]: –0.155, – 0.120; effect percentage = 72.87%) and demand and effort (effect value = 0.177; CI: 0.159, 0.196; effect percentage = 78.67%) but a complete mediating effect on the correlations of WMSDs with occupational stress dimensions of organization and reward (effect value = 0.146; CI: 0.131, 0.160; effect percentage = 90.12%) and autonomy (effect value = – 0.126; CI: – 0.158, – 0.094; effect percentage = 98.44%). ConclusionAmong the employees in a petrochemical enterprise in a province of China, the detection rate of WMSDs was high and depressive symptoms showed a mediating effect on the correlation of occupational stress with WMSDs, suggesting that the prevalence of WMSDs could be decreased through intervention on depression symptoms in the occupational population.

BackgroundCumulative fatigue without intervention will seriously threaten the physical and mental health of workers. Shift work and life satisfaction are strongly associated with fatigue accumulation. ObjectiveTo explore the effects of life satisfaction, shift work, and their interaction on cumulative fatigue in petrochemical employees, and to provide a scientific basis for preventing cumulative fatigue. MethodsAll staff of a petrochemical enterprise were selected by cluster sampling for a cross-sectional study from July to October 2021 in Jiangsu Province. A questionnaire designed by the project team was used to collect information on shift work; and life satisfaction and cumulative fatigue were investigated by the World Health Organization Five-item Well-Being Index and the Self-diagnosis Checklist for Assessment of Worker’s Fatigue Accumulation respectively. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the influences of life satisfaction and shift work on cumulative fatigue. Multiplicative and additive models were applied to analyze the interaction effect of life satisfaction and shift work. ResultsA total of 4066 questionnaires were returned, of which 3763 were valid, with an effective recovery rate of 92.5%. The percentage of cumulative fatigue in the petrochemical employees was 63.2% (2377/3763), and the percentages of low life satisfaction and shift work in the petrochemical employees were 53.6% (2016/3763) and 54.2% (2041/3763), respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed no significant difference in cumulative fatigue among different marital status groups (P=0.176), and there were statistically significant differences in cumulative fatigue among the petrochemical employees in different groups of age, gender, educational level, average monthly income, job title, length of service, working hours, night shift, smoking, drinking, physical exercise, life satisfaction, and shift work (P

ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence and early health effects of occupational stress among employees in a petrochemical enterprise for providing evidence to the implementation of relevant interventions in the employees. MethodsAn online self-administered questionnaire survey was carried out among 4 066 working employees of a petrochemical enterprise in Nanjing, Jiangsu province during September – October 2021. The Core Occupational Stress Scale (COSS)， Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS)，the Five-Item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5), Self-Administrated Sleep Questionnaire (SSQ)，and scales for fatigue accumulation and musculoskeletal disorders assessment were used in the survey. ResultsFor the 3 763 employees finally included in the analysis, 1 143 (30.4%) were assessed as having occupational stress. Among all the occupationally stressed employees, 607 (53.1%), 256 (22.4%), and 280 (24.5%) were judged as having mild, moderate, and severe occupational stress; the number (percentage) of the employees detected with abnormal conditions was 1 670 (44.4%) for depressive symptoms, 1 338 (35.6%) for anxiety symptoms, 2 016 (53.6%) for low life satisfaction, 1 548 (41.1%) for insomnia, 2 377 (63.2%) for fatigue accumulation, and 2 934 (78.0%) for musculoskeletal disorders, respectively. After adjusting for gender, age, education, marital status, average monthly income, job title, job type, working years of specific job type, weekly working hours, and work shift status，the results of unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared to those without occupational stress, the employees with occupational stress of different severity were at significantly increased risks of depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 3.582, 6.114 and 14.016 for the employees with mild, moderate or severe occupational stress), anxiety symptoms (OR = 4.268, 4.429 and 9.365), low life satisfaction (OR = 2.790, 2.896 and 7.849), insomnia symptoms (OR = 2.425, 3.033 and 5.218), fatigue accumulation (OR = 4.806,8.818 and 18.017), and musculoskeletal disorders (2.189, 2.381 and 4.367). ConclusionThe detection rate of occupational stress was relatively high and the stress exerted early adverse effects on health among employees of a petrochemical enterprise in Nanjing city .

Wine mud is the precipitate produced during fermentation and storage, which contains pectin, protein, polyphenols and other substances. To realize the value-added utilization by separating and extracting the effective components of the mud in white wine production, in this study, the effects of material-liquid ratio, pH, extraction temperature and extraction time on the yield of pectin were investigated by the single-factor test, the extraction condition was optimized by the response surface method, the decolorization of pectin was carried out using macroporous resin, and the structure was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and HNMR. The results showed that the yield of pectin was 6.48% on the condition of wine mud:water=1:14 g/mL, pH was 2.0, extraction temperature was 65 ℃ and extraction time was 90 min, which was near to the predicted value of 6.50% by the response surface model. The factors on the yield followed as material-liquid ratio>extraction temperature>extraction time>pH. Decolorized by D101 macroporous resin under the condition that decolorization temperature was 25 ℃, pH was 2.0, decolorization flow rate was 3 BV/h and desorption solution was 60% (v/v) ethanol, desorption flow rate was 3 BV/h, the decolorization rate could reach 91.75%. IR and HNMR analysis showed that pectin extracted was α-galacturonic acid. This study would provide a reference for the separation and utilization of wine mud.

The main useful mineral of the iron ore in Sichuan is magnetite．With deep mining of ore, the existing technological process is not suitable for the deep ore．The fineness of the second stage grinding is greatly reduced by adding the fine screen technology in the experimental study of the deep ore dressing process．The results show that the iron concentrate with the total iron grade of 60.24% and the total iron recovery of 88.67% can be obtained by adopting the beneficiation process of dry magnetic preseparation and discarding-two stage grinding, two stage magnetic separation and one fine screen of magnetic concentrate．

In terms of the iron concentrate, the TFe grade is 65.50% and mainly gangue is quartz with the content of 4.82%. Additionally, the content of harmful impurity, sulphur and phosphor, is low. Following grinding-magnetic separationis able to enhance the mFe content and grade of concentrate for the reason that the content of mFe is 98.74% and other iron phase is nonmagnetic. The process of prescreening-grinding-classification-magnetic separation-reverse flotation is adopted to the super-grade iron concentrate experimental study of an iron concentrate from Sichuan. When the screen size is 0.074 mm and grinding fitness is -0.038 mm 90%, using the thenanoceramic balls as milling medium, super-grade iron concentrate with yield 24.23%, TFe grade 71.71%, quartz content of 0.16%, acid insoluble content of 0.16% could be obtained. In the process, the usage of corn starch is 600 g/t and the usage of collector is 100+50+50 g/t. The process is reasonable and significantly feasibility with low energy consumption and simple reagent system. Additionally, the process could obtain normal iron concentrate with the yield of 72.25% and TFe grade of 65.47% which could be considered as good iron concentrate product to sell.

Background and objective m6A RNA methylation modification plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of lung cancer and regulates tumor immunity. Current studies mostly focus on the differential expression of some specific m6A effectors and infiltrating immune cell. m6A methylation modification is the result of mutual adjustment and balance between effectors, and changes in the expression of one or two effectors are far from enough to reflect the panorama of m6A methylation. The role of m6A in the immune microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is still poorly understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different m6A modification patterns in immune microenvironment of LUAD. Methods LUAD data was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), University of California Santa Cruz Xena (UCSC Xena) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Gene mutation, differential expression and survival analysis were performed for 24 m6A effectors. The m6A modification pattern was constructed by unsupervised clustering method, and the m6A clusters survival analysis, gene set variation analysis, immune score and immune cell infiltration analysis were performed. The association between LRPPRC protein expression levels and infiltration of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages in the tumor microenvironment was validated by immunohistochemistry in LUAD tissue microarray with 68 cases. Results The mutations of m6A effector were found in 150 of 567 LUAD cases with a frequency of 26.46%. 6 readers and 3 writers were significantly up regulated in LUAD tissues compared with normal tissues. IGF2BP1 and HNRNPC are the independent risk factors for prognosis of LUAD. Abundant cross-talks among writers, erasers and readers were demonstrated. Three m6A modification patterns with different immune cell infiltration characteristics and clinical prognosis were established. Among m6A effectors, LRPPRC was found to be inversely associated with the infiltration of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages, and was validated in 68 LUAD tissues. Conclusion m6A modification patterns play non-negligible roles in regulating the immune microenvironment. LRPPRC has potential to be a new biomarker for checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy.

Background and objective In recent years, with the advancement of minimally invasive techniques, thoracoscopic thymoma resection has experienced a development process from three-port video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) to two-port (TP) and single-port (SP) variants. However, the feasibility and safety of SP-VATS have not been generally recognized. This study intends to explore the safety and feasibility of SP-VATS in thymoma resection, in order to provide a reference for clinical surgicalselection. Methods The clinical data of 197 patients who underwent thoracoscopic thymoma resection in Beijing Tongren Hospital from January 2018 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into SP-VATS group (n=42) and TP-VATS group (n=155). After matching propensity scores, there is no statistically significant difference in preoperative baseline data between SP-VATS group and TP-VATS group. Among them, there were 17 males and 25 females with an average age of 28-72 (48.00±9.43) years in the SP-VATS group, and 20 males and 22 females with an average age of 30-75 (50.38±9.83) years in TP-VATS group. The clinical effects of the two groups were compared. Results The operation was successfully completed in both groups, and there was no conversion to thoracotomy or increased surgical incisions. Compared with the TP-VATS group, the chest drainage time and hospital stay in the SP-VATS group were shorter [(2.95±0.76) d vs (3.33±0.85) d; (4.57±0.83) d vs (5.07±1.13) d], and the visual pain score at 24 h and 72 h after surgery were lower [(3.64±0.85) points vs (4.05±0.66) points; (2.33±0.75) points vs (3.07±0.68) points] (P0.05). Conclusion SP-VATS in thymoma is a safe, feasible, and less invasive procedure, with less postoperative pain and faster recovery than multi-port VATS.

Background and objective The previous study has indicated that the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after thoracic surgery is high. The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence and risk factors of postoperative VTE in thymic malignancy patients. Methods This was a single-center study. Patients undergoing resection for thymic malignancy between December 2017 and February 2021 in Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University were enrolled in this study. In addition to the routine examination, all patients were screened for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) by using noninvasive duplex lower extremity ultrasound before and after surgery. Patients did not receive any prophylactic anticoagulant therapy before and after surgery. All patients received modified caprini risk assessment. According to whether VTE occurred after operation, patients were divided into VTE group and control group. The clinical data of the two groups were compared. The occurrence time and possible high risk factors of VTE after operation were analyzed. Results A total of 169 patients with thymic malignant tumor were enrolled, including 94 males and 75 females, aging from 22 to 76 years. A total of 95 patients underwent thoracoscopic surgery and 74 patients underwent median sternotomy. The total incidence of VTE was 12.4%. The median time for diagnosis of VTE was 4 days (2 days-15 days) after operation. According to the modified caprini score, the incidence of VTE in low risk patients (Caprini score≤4 points), moderate risk patients (Caprini score 5 to 8 points) and high risk patients (Caprini score≥9 points) were 0% (0/7), 7.0% (8/115) and 27.7% (13/47), respectively (Z=1.670, P=0.008). Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between VTE group and control group in age, operation method, operation time, indwelling central venous catheter, postoperative bed rest time more than 72 hours (P

Background and objective Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck often develops lung metastasis. At present, there are not many research reports on ACC lung metastasis, little is known about its exact clinical features and treatment results, and there is no consensus on the best treatment strategy. This study explored the effective treatment strategies, clinical outcomes and long-term prognosis of head and neck ACC lung metastases. Methods The clinical and follow-up data of 76 patients with head and neck ACC lung metastases were retrospectively analyzed. According to the initial treatment of patients, they are divided into 4 groups: surgery, surgery+chemotherapy or radiotherapy, chemotherapy or radiotherapy and supportive treatment. The patients were staged according to the International Registry of Lung Metastases Staging System (IRLM). Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were used to compare the statistical differences of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with different treatment methods and different IRLM stages. Results The OS and PFS of patients undergoing surgery are better than those of supportive therapy or radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy (OS: P

Background and objective Thymomas are the most common primary malignant tumors of anterior mediastinal. However, there are no specific laboratory indicator for the diagnosis the diagnosis of thymoma. The aim of this study was to screen out a tumor marker for diagnosis of thymoma by mRNA microarray analysis and confirmed it. Methods By mRNA microarray analysis of 31 thymomas and peritumoral thymic tissues, we found that the transcription level of neuronal pentraxin 1 (NPTX1) gene was up-regulated more than 4 times in thymomas. To further verify the above results, we detected the transcription and expression level of NPTX1 in 60 thymoma and 30 thymic cyst patients by quantitative Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, the diagnostic value of NPTX1 in thymoma by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was analyzed. Results The transcription level of NPTX1 mRNA in thymoma tissues was significantly higher than that in the thymic tissues of control group [(2.88±1.02) vs (1.35±0.47), P

Background and objective Thymoma is the most common malignant tumor in anterior mediastinum, and its specific pathogenesis is still unclear. This limits the study of targeted drugs for thymoma. The aim of the study is to investigate the genes and signal pathways of thymoma, and provide help for the research of thymic tumor pathogenesis using the technology of second-generation genechip to analyze thymoma. Methods From January 2015 to December 2017, we analyzed 31 cases of thymoma by CapitaBio mRNA expression profile genechip technology, and then confirmed the genes by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results We found some genes with different expression levels between thymoma and surrounding thymus tissue. Among them, six driving genes (FANCI, CAPD3, NCAPG, OXCT1, EPHA1 and MCM2) were significantly abnormal in thymoma. Some specific genes affected by copy-number variation were detected: E2F2, EphA1, CCL25 and MCM2 were significantly up-regulated, while IL-6, CD36, FABP4, SH2D1A and MYOC genes were significantly down-regulated. KEGG database analysis showed that the expression of 10 signaling pathway genes was generally up-regulated or down-regulated, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, viral oncogenes, primary immunodeficiency, cell cycle genes and p53 signaling pathway, which may be related to occurrence of thymoma. Conclusion We found a variety of genes abnormally expressed in thymoma, which will provide reference for the study of pathogenesis and biomarkers of thymoma in the future.

Virtualization technology has been widely used in the field of cloud computing and data center, and it is an important way to improve reliability of system under the virtual computing environment using runtime memory leak de-tecting to eliminate memory leaks. A model of runtime memory leak detection based on the virtual machine introspection and an approach to predication on memory leak were proposed. The prototype system of the model was designed and im-plemented. By analyzing and evaluating effectiveness and performance of the prototype system, the results show that these models and methods can effectively detect memory leaks, and have better performance.

The degeneration of karst ecosystem is closely associated with the reduction of soil nutrients and fine root biomass, and the retention of soil nutrients is of significance in sustaining ecosystem functioning. To understand the changes in the fine root biomass and soil nutrient retention in degenerated karst ecosystems, a comparative study was conducted with three typical vegetation stands (forest, shrub, and shrub-grass) in Central Guizhou of Southwest China. Soil samples with fine roots were collected from the depths 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, and 10-15 cm, with the related indices of fine roots and nutrients measured. In the three stands, fine roots dominantly distributed in 0 -10 cm soil layer, and decreased sharply with soil depth. The living fine root biomass in 0-10 cm soil layer under forest, shrub, and shrub-grass occupied 83. 36% , 86. 91% , and 93. 79% of the total fine root biomass, and 42. 78% , 56. 75% , and 53. 38% of the total living fine root biomass within the 0-15 cm soil layer, respectively. The fine root biomass of predominant plant species varied with vegetation types. The N and P storage of the living fine roots in 0-5 cm soil layer under forest stand was significantly higher than those under shrub stand and shrub-grass stand, and no significant differences were observed between the latter two stands. However, the N and P storage of the living fine roots in 5-10 cm soil layer under different stands decreased in the order of forest > shrub > shrub-grass (P<0. 05). There was a significant positive correlation between the plant aboveground biomass and the living fine root biomass in 0-10 cm soil layer, and a significant negative correlation between the N and P contents of plant leaves and the specific length of living fine roots, illustrating that the nutrient uptake and retention by the living fine roots could have particular importance in the aboveground biomass establishment and ecosystem functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integrated closed-cycle fast reactor nuclear energy system is an important measure to accelerate the implementation of the “three-step” strategy of nuclear energy. Electrorefining dry reprocessing technology is suitable for the treatment of fast reactor spent fuel with high burn-up consumption, high plutonium content, strong radioactivity, etc., which is a key link and practical technology choice for fast reactor spent fuel reprocessing. The fast reactor closed fuel cycle not only improves the utilization rate of uranium resources, but also reduces the radioactive activity of minor actinides, which is the only way for the sustainable development of nuclear energy. Dry reprocessing is a key part of the fast reactor closed fuel cycle, which is a realistic technology choice for fast reactor spent fuel reprocessing. Molten salt electrorefining dry reprocessing technology is a pyroprocessing technology with sufficient research and high technical maturity. In the process of research on the electrorefining process of spent fuel, the experimental research is very expensive and time-consuming, the experimental conditions and variables cannot be carried out comprehensively, and it is difficult to obtain reliable data under extreme conditions. The electrochemical changes of high-temperature molten salt electrorefining process can be explored through computer simulation, which can reduce the investment of experimental time and capital cost in the research process of electrorefining. Based on the electrochemical theory and backward difference method, a model of the electrorefining process of U-Pu-Zr ternary alloy was established, the dissolution and deposition behavior of each element near the electrode was simulated, and the changes of electrode potential, partial current and material distribution of each element under different mass transfer coefficients and uranium ion concentration in the initial molten salt were analyzed. The results show that the mass transfer coefficient affects the current distribution between the elements in the process of anode uranium-plutonium co-dissolution and cathode uranium-zirconium co-deposition, and increasing the mass transfer coefficient can improve the separation efficiency reduce the power loss. When the uranium ion mass fraction in the initial molten salt is as low as 0.073%, the cathode potential is lower than the apparent potential of plutonium after 45 minutes of electrorefining, and the plutonium begins to be co-deposited with uranium at the solid cathode, and the deposition of the two elements is competitive. Therefore, in the process of electrorefining, enhanced mass transfer technology can be considered; at the same time, in order to avoid the deposition of Pu, it is necessary to reasonably control the uranium ion concentration in the initial molten salt.

In this study, electrospinning was used to connect carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with multiple metals. Then, through high-temperature graphitization technology, uniformly sized high-entropy alloy nanoparticles (HEA NPs) were successfully synthesized in situ on CNFs. An electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous and sensitive detection of three heavy metal ions was fabricated based on FeCoNiCrCe/CNFs. In 0.1 mol/L acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution at pH 5, at deposition voltage and time of −1.3 V and 300 s, respectively, the limits of detection (LOD) of the electrochemical sensor were 0.06, 0.005 and 0.005 μmol/L (signal-to-noise ratio = 3) for Cd2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+, respectively. The excellent performance was considered to be attributed to the good conductivity and catalytic activity provided by HEA NPs and the higher specific surface area of CNFs exposing more active sites, which were synergistically conducive to the adsorption and desorption of heavy metal ions, thereby promoting the redox reaction and charge transfer of heavy metal ions. The FeCoNiCrCe/CNFs/GCE electrochemical sensor prepared in this study has promising application prospects in the detection of heavy metal ions in vegetables and fruits.

The incidence rate of proximal gastric cancer in China and some Asian countries is increasing year by year. Surgery is the most effective and commonly used treatment for proximal gastric cancer. Traditional total gastrectomy has a good curative effect, but its complications, such as dystrophic metabolism and decreased quality of life, limited its use. In recent years, the proximal gastrectomy carried out clinically can remove tumor tissue and preserve part of gastric tissue, which is conducive to improving the postoperative nutritional status of patients. However, during proximal gastrectomy, the esophageal sphincter and His angle were damaged, resulting in residual gastric acid reflux and gastroesophageal reflux, resulting in reflux esophagitis, which also affected the quality of life of the patients. In order to solve these problems, surgeons have explored different digestive tract reconstruction methods. So far, many digestive tract reconstruction methods have been reported. This paper introduced the commonly used digestive tract reconstruction methods, and summarized the literature on postoperative quality of life and survival outcomes, so as to provide reference and choice for surgeons.

The Kerr nonlinear effect limits the performance of the system. A nonlinear suppression scheme combining Probability Shaping (PS) and Phase Conjugate Twin Wave (PCTW) is proposed to improve the performance of large capacity optical fiber communication system. With co-simulation of Optisystem software and Matlab software, a PCTW-PS system is built in 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16QAM) and 64QAM modulation formats. The system consists of two kinds of PS (Huffman coding, sign inversion coding) and three dimensions PCTW (time domain, polarization domain, sub-carrier domain) to form different combinations. The simulation results show that the minimum Bit Error Rate (BER) of the scheme combining PCTW and PS can be greatly reduced. The BER of 16QAM time domain PCTW scheme is smaller than other schemes. Therefore, it can be seen that both PS and PCTW can improve system performance. The combination of PS and PCTW can further improve the performance. The 16QAM-PCTW scheme in time domain has better performance than other schemes. The simulation results also show that the BER of the in-phase component I and the quadrature component Q is different in PCTW system. Therefore, the concept of PCTW-IQ imbalance is proposed and the imbalance is especially obvious for polarization domain PCTW scheme.

Objective To explore the value of hybrid surgery in children with cerebral arteriovenous malformation (CAVM). Methods Nineteen cases of pediatric CAVM from December 2015 to December 2019 were included. After the preoperative enhanced MRI and CTA, MRA or DSA examination confirmed the diagnosis, the hybrid surgery (craniotomy combined with endovascular embolization and intraoperative real⁃time DSA) were performed. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stays and perioperative complications were recorded. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate prognosis 6 months later after surgery. Results In 19 CAVM cases, 2 cases were Spetzler ⁃ Martin grade Ⅰ, 5 cases were grade Ⅱ, 7 cases were grade Ⅲ and 5 cases were grade Ⅳ, and 4 cases dense type, 4 cases intermediate type and 11 cases diffuse type. The average operative time was (307.21 ± 115.64) min and intraoperative blood loss was 150 (100, 260) ml. Intraoperative endovascular embolization was performed in one case, the DSA after CAVM resection revealed 3 cases with residual malformations, and the final DSA cure rate was 100% (19/19). One patient presented with transient nominal aphasia, one with left limb hemiplegia, one with pulmonary infection, and one with epileptic seizure. Average hospital stays was (15.74 ± 5.04) d, followed ⁃ up time was 32 (20, 40) months. Sixteen patients had good prognosis (mRS score < 2), and 3 patients had poor prognosis (mRS score ≥ 2). There were no cases of rebleeding or recurrence. Conclusions Hybrid surgery can safely and effectively improve the cure rate of CAVM in children, especially for children with complex structure and diffuse type or with previous treatment. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.04.009

Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is a kind of peripheral neuropathy in which the thinly myelinated A δ fibers and unmyelinated C fibers are predominantly affected, characterized by allodynia, analgesia, thermoanesthesia and/or autonomic nerve dysfunction. Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) detection can detect the pathological changes of large fibers (Aα and Aβ fibers) but not of small fibers, which lack of value in the diagnosis of SFN. Progress of the examinational and diagnostic methods for the neuropathological, neuroelectrophysiological and autonomic nerve functions of SFN in recent years were introduced in this paper. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.11.013

To explore the mechanism of Scutellaria barbata-Hedyotis diffusa against breast cancer based on network pharmacological methods. The active components and corresponding target proteins of S. barbata and H. diffusa were screened by using Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database(TCMSP), and the targets of breast cancer were screened through the Genecards and OMIM databases. Venn online software was used to obtain the common targets of drugs and the disease, and then the &quot;compound-target-disease&quot; network diagram was constructed by using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software. The STRING database was used to draw the protein-protein interaction(PPI) network, and the David database was used to perform GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis on effective targets. The results showed that 29 S. barbata compounds, 7 H. diffusa compounds, and 109 effective targets were screened. The 59 common targets for drugs and disease were obtained through Venn diagrams. The PPI network showed that MYC, CCND1, EGFR, ESR1, CASP3, VEGFA, etc. might be the key targets for &quot;S. barbata-H. diffusa&quot; in the treatment of breast cancer. In the GO function analysis, 88 entries were found, involving the regulation of transcription factor activity, receptor activity, cytokine activity, enzyme activity, and biosynthetic processes. In KEGG pathway analysis, 37 entries related to cancer, cell cycle, apoptosis, angioge-nesis and other pathways were found, including p53 signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway, nod like receptor signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway and mTOR signaling pathway and other classic signaling pathways. This study preliminarily revealed the key targets, biological processes and signal pathway of &quot;S. barbata-H. diffusa&quot; against breast cancer. It was found that its function was in a multi-target and multi-channel manner, which laid a foundation for future molecular biological experiments.

Objective: To investigate the distribution and major influencing factors of annual systolic blood pressure variability from a large population cohort., Methods: In this prospective cohort study, data from Kailuan Group employees who attended all 4 physical examinations ( taken in June 2006 to October 2007, June 2008 to October 2009, June 2010 to October 2011, June 2012 to October 2013, respectively) were analyzed (32 959 males and 10 401 females, mean age: (48.2 ± 11.5) years old). Systolic blood pressure variability was defined as the standard deviation (SSD) and the coefficient of variation (SCV) of systolic blood pressure of 4 physical examinations. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to determine the related influencing factors of SSD and SCV., Results: (1) The mean of SSD and SCV for this cohort was 10.91 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) and 8.34%, respectively. SSD and SCV increased in male and female with increasing age (both P < 0.001). (2) Multiple linear regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure (β = 0.225, P < 0.001), age (β = 0.163, P < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (β = 0.038, P < 0.001), the use of anti-hypertensive drugs (β = 0.038, P < 0.001), sex (β = 0.038, P < 0.001), smoking (β = 0.025, P < 0.001), alcohol drinking (P = -0.022, P < 0.001), physical exercise (β = -0.018, P = 0.001), high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (β = 0.016, P = 0.001) body mass index (β = -0.011, P = 0.018) were related to SSD. Age (β = 0.139, P < 0.001), sex (β = 0.055, P < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (β = 0.047, P < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (P = 0.033, P < 0.001), drinking (β = -0.030, P < 0.001), body mass index (β = -0.026, P < 0.001), the use of anti- hypertensive drugs (β = 0.026, P < 0.001), smoking (β = 0.024, P < 0.001), physical exercise (β = -0.015, P = 0. 001), high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (β = 0. 014, P = 0. 001) were related to SCV., Conclusions: SSD and SCV increase with increasing age. Systolic blood pressure, age, fasting blood glucose, the use of anti-hypertensive drugs, sex, smoking, drinking, physical exercise, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein, body mass index are major influencing factors for SSD. Age, sex, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, alcohol drinking, body mass index, the use of anti-hypertensive drugs, smoking, physical exercise, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein are major influencing factors for SCV.

Objective: To explore if CHA2DS2 VASc score can predict substrate for persistent atrial fibrillation ( AF) and outcome post catheter ablation of AF., Methods: From January 2011 to December 2012,116 patients underwent catheter ablation of persistent AF in our department and were enrolled in this study. CHA2DS2VASc score was calculated as follows: two points were assigned for a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack and age ≥ 75 and 1 point each was assigned for age ≥ 65, a history of hypertension, diabetes,recent cardiac failure, vessel disease, female. Left atrial geometry ( LA) was reconstructed with a 3.5 mm tip ablation catheter with fill-in threshold 10 in CARTO system. The mapping catheter was stabled at each endocardial location for at least 3 seconds for recording. The electrogram recordings at each endocardial location were analyzed with a custom software embedded in the CARTO mapping system. Interval confidence level (ICL) was used to characterize complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAEs) . As the default setting of the software, ICL more than or equal to 7 was considered sites with a highly repetitive CFAEs complex. CFAEs index was defined as the fraction of area of ICL more than or equal to 7 to the left atrial surface. The CFAEs index and outcome of catheter ablation among different CHA2DS2VASc groups were compared., Results: Of the 116 patients, CHA2DS2VASc was 0 in 33 patients, 1 in 31 patients and ≥ 2 in 52 patients. Left atrial surface ((121.2 ± 18.9) cm2, (133.6 ± 23.8) cm2, (133.9 ± 16.1) cm2, P = 0.008), left atrial volume ((103.6 ± 24.8) ml, (118.3 ± 27.8) ml, (120.9 ± 20.9) ml, P = 0.005) and CFAEs index (44.6% ± 22.4%, 54.2% ± 22.2%, 58.7% ± 23.1%, P = 0.023) increased in proportion with increasing CHA2DS2VASc. ICLmax, ICLmin and CFAEs spatial distribution were similar among the three groups. During the mean follow-up of (13 ± 8) months, the recurrence rate were 36.4%, 35.5%, 55.8% among the three groups (P = 0.025)., Conclusion: A high CHA2DS2VASc score is associated with extensive AF substrate and higher recurrence rate post catheter ablation of persistent AF.

During a process of hen egg white lysozyme adsorption and folding on a moderately hydrophobic surface (PEG-600), the effects of salt((NH4)2SO4) concentrations, surface coverage and denaturant (guanidine hydrochloride, GuHCl) concentrations on thermal stability and the changes in the molecular conformation of adsorbed native and denatured lysozyme without aqueous solution were studied with a combination of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with FTIR spectroscopy. The results showed that temperature due to endothermic peaks was reduced and the disturbance increased at higher temperature with the increase in salt concentration and surface coverage of adsorbed protein. beta-Sheet and beta-Turn stucture increased while alpha-Helix structure decreased after the adsorption. The peaks corresponding to both C-C stretching frequency in 1400-1425 cm(-1) and amide I band frequency in 1650-1670 cm(-1) of adsorbed denatured lysozyme can be detected in FTIR spectra while that due to amide I band frequency of adsorbed native lysozyme almost can't be observed. Adsorption resulted in structural loss of adsorbed native lysozyme, whose performance was less stable.

Soil hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria can utilize soil gaseous hydrogen as an energy source to assimilate carbon dioxide. In this paper, a gas-cycle incubation system (H2 treatment system) which can provide stable H2 flow (41.6-125 micromol x L(-1)) via H2O electrolysis was developed, and a mineral salt agar medium (MSA) was used to separate the hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria in soybean rhizosphere. A total of 40 bacterial strains were isolated from the incubation system, and their hydrogen uptake was measured. 20 of the strains could utilize hydrogen and grow autotrophically, which were preliminarily identified as hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria. Their colony form and physiological-biochemical characteristics were studied.

Aim: To construct an expression vector for soluble recombinant human stem cell factor (rhSCF) gene, and optimize culture conditions for high-level expression of rhSCF in E.coli., Methods: hSCF cDNA was amplified by PCR with total cDNA from human lymph node as a template, followed by cloning into pMD18-T vector. The 5' terminal of the hSCF cDNA was modified by degenerative PCR to obtain high-level expression in E.coli. The biological activity of the refolded rhSCF, purified with high performance hydrophobic interaction chromatography, was examined by MTT colorimetry., Results: hSCF cDNA was amplified and cloned, and was inserted into an E.coli expression vector pBV220. The expressed rhSCF accounted for about 20% of total bacterial proteins and reached 40% of total bacterial proteins under optimal culture conditions. The expressed rhSCF appeared in bacterial lysates in the form inclusion body. The rhSCF with biological activity was obtained after solubilization of the inclusion body with 8 mol/L urea or 7 mol/L guanidine chloride, followed by preliminary refolding and purification., Conclusion: hSCF was cloned and expressed in E.coli successfully. The E.coli strain expressing rhSCF can be used to produce rhSCF with biological activity on large-scale production.

A new characterization parameter lgI, affinity constant, in reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) has been tested at several aspects with experimental data of polar n-alkyl alcohol homologoues and aromatic alcohol homologoues. The lgI values were compared with other physicochemical parameters of corresponding solutes, such as hydrophobic fragmental constant (lgf), van der Waals volume (Vw), molecular connectivity (chi). It was proved that lgI was also used for the characterization of solutes, mobile and stationary phases in RPLC. Moreover, it was also confirmed that lgI has the property of thermodynamic equilibriam constant.

By comparing the resolution and recoveries of proteins between semi-preparative chromatographic column and chromatographic pie (pie-like column) having the same geometric volume under the same chromatographic conditions, the result from the former was found to have the almost same as that form the latter. However, the back pressure of the chromatographic pie rose slower than that of the chromatographic column with the increase of flow rate. Furthermore, the mass and volume loads for the chromatographic pie were higher than those for the chromatographic column. The results indicated that the chromatographic pie had more advantages than the chromatographic column in their performances, and this lay a foundation of the applications of the chromatographic pie in industry.