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Background The gradual increase in blood lipid levels is becoming a significant public health concern. The role of diet in the development of dyslipidemia is crucial. Traditional nutritional epidemiology mainly focuses on individual foods or food groups. However, in our daily lives, we do not only consume isolated nutrients or specific foods, which makes it challenging to determine the specific impact of individual dietary components on dyslipidemia. Currently, there is a lack of research both domestically and internationally that investigates the relationship between dietary patterns and dyslipidemia in the population of Southern Jiangxi (Gannan) . Objective To analyze the relationship between dietary patterns and dyslipidemia in Southern Jiangxi, with the aim of contributing to evidence-based nutritional policies. Methods Data from the Gannan chronic disease cohort 2020 survey data. A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select research participants among permanent residents aged 35 and above in Southern Jiangxi from July to August 2020. Demographic data were collected through standardized questionnaires and physical examinations. Fasting blood glucose and lipid levels were measured. Dietary surveys utilized a food frequency questionnaire, and patterns were identified through factor analysis. The patterns were categorized into quartiles (Q1-Q4) based on factor scores. Logistic regression was used to assess the impact of patterns on dyslipidemia. Results The study included 1 508 residents, with a prevalence of dyslipidemia of 36.07% (544/1 508). Residents who consumed adequate amounts of water, did not have a history of hypertension, and had a history of diabetes showed a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia (P

Objective: To explore the protective effect of the freeze-dried fruit powder of Phyllanthus emblica L. (PEFP) against acute and chronic hyperuricemia (HUA) and liver and kidney injuries in mice. Methods: Mouse models of acute and chronic HUA were established by intraperitoneal injection of hypoxanthine and potassium oxazinate, respectively. Meanwhile, PEFP at 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg mb were orally given to the mice in the intervention group for seven days. The levels of uric acid (UA), creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the serum, and the activities of xanthine oxidase (XOD) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the serum and liver were detected. Liver and kidney indexes were calculated, and the pathological characteristics of liver and kidney tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Results: Compared with the model group, PEFP at 150 and 300 mg/kg mb significantly reduced the liver and kidney indexes (P < 0.01) and lowered serum UA, BUN, CRE, and AST levels in mice with acute hyperuricemia (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). PEFP at 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg mb significantly inhibited serum and liver XOD and ADA activities (P < 0.01), and PEFP at 300 mg/kg mb lowered serum ALT levels in mice with acute hyperuricemia (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, all three doses of PEFP significantly reduced the liver and kidney indexes (P < 0.01), lowered serum UA, BUN and ALT levels (P < 0.01), and inhibited serum and liver XOD activities and serum ADA activity in mice with chronic hyperuricemia (P < 0.01). PEFP at 150 and 300 mg/kg mb lowered serum CRE and AST levels and liver ADA activity (P < 0.01). PEFP ameliorated the pathological changes of the liver and kidney in mice with acute and chronic hyperuricemia. Conclusion: PEPP can effectively decrease serum UA levels in mice with acute and chronic hyperuricemia, which may be related to the inhibition of XOD and ADA activities in the serum and liver, and the promotion of renal uric acid excretion, and can also exert renal and hepatoprotective effects.