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Temperature affects the growth and development of tobacco. With the frequent occurrence of extreme high and low temperature disasters, temperature stress has become one of the important factors restricting the normal growth and physiological functions of flue-cured tobacco. Low temperature stress and high temperature stress are currently the most common disasters in the seedling and maturity stages of flue-cured tobacco, which have a serious impact on the quality and yield of flue-cured tobacco. This article reviews the effects of temperature stress on physiological mechanisms such as growth and development, photosynthetic function, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and antioxidant system of flue-cured tobacco. It introduced the research progress of related plant proteins and molecular mechanisms in temperature stress, and systematically summarizes the current stress resistance control measures for field temperature stress, including field management and spraying exogenous substances. At present, most agronomic interventions for temperature stress management may not be complete. It is necessary to understand the genetic, biochemical and physiological processes of different varieties in order to identify and select traits, enhance their high-temperature resistance mechanism, and cultivate high-temperature resistant flue-cured tobacco varieties. Looking forward to future research on temperature stress in flue-cured tobacco, including exploring local germplasm resources, cultivating heat-resistant varieties, utilizing methods such as multi omics or cross omics to deeply explore the response mechanism of temperature stress in flue-cured tobacco, developing predictive research on temperature stress in flue-cured tobacco, and developing targeted management measures for stress resistance cultivation, in order to provide scientific support for the prevention of climate disasters and the enhancement of agricultural disaster reduction efficiency for flue-cured tobacco.