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In order to improve the baking characteristics and nutritional quality of mung bean bread, mung bean sourdough was made by fermenting mung bean flour using Northwest leavening head, and then combined with yeast as a compound leavening agent to make mung bean bread. The microbial composition of the Northwest leavening head was analyzed to clarify the composition of its microflora, the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and rheometer were used to analyze the changing pattern of the secondary structure and viscoelasticity of gluten proteins in the dough of the mung bean bread, and the texture meter was used in combination with the sensory assessment to evaluate the sensory quality of the mung bean bread. The results showed that the phytic acid content of the mung bean sourdough fermented in the Northwest fermentation head was reduced by 44.71% at 6 h of fermentation, and the pH and total titration acidity (TTA) were 6.29 and 11.03 mL, respectively. Compared with the control group, the bread with added mung bean sourdough showed a decrease in the modulus of elasticity and viscous modulus of the dough, an increase in the plasticity of the dough, the content of α-helices and β-folds in the secondary structure of proteins, and the stability of the dough. The antioxidant results showed that the scavenging ability of mung bean bread for both DPPH and ABTS+ free radicals also significantly increased (P

ObjectiveIn order to study the stress distribution of circular holed infinite corrugated core sandwich panels under uniaxial tension and seek the most unfavorable opening position, Methodboth submodel analysis method and subproblem optimization method were employed just for calculation stress distribution of different holing positions and seeking the holing position where the hole edge stress concentration factor reached the maximum, respectively.ResultThe stress distribution near the opening is closely related to the mesh division, and the maximum stress always occurs on the core layer board. The stress concentration factor of an infinitely corrugated sandwich panel with a circular opening under uniaxial tension is generally greater than 3, with a maximum of 4.104. Conclusion Undergoing the stress extreme value optimization analysis process of the overall model before the submodel can save computation time, achieve high computational accuracy, and improve optimization efficiency.

Objective Shale generally contains water, and it is highly important to clarify the occurrence characteristics of adsorbed water in shale to improve the drainage effect of shale gas. Methods This study analysed shale cores from the JY11-4 and JY41-5 wells in the Jiaoshiba area of Fuling. The influence of high-pressure conditions on the occurrence characteristics of adsorbed water in shale was investigated using custom-designed frozen nitrogen adsorption experiments and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Results and Conclusion The results show that (1) under atmospheric pressure, the average volume of adsorbed water per unit mass calculated by the "weighing method" is 0.017 3 mL/g. The volume proportion of water in the micropores and mesopores (average of 90.94%) significantly exceeds that in the macropores (average of 9.06%). This may be because water molecules cannot occupy the adsorption sites in all the shale pores when the relative pressure is relatively low. Most water molecules condense in micropores and mesoporous pores, and only a few water molecules enter the macropores. In addition, the small and medium pores in clay-rich shale become "filled and blocked" by water molecules in the process of water adsorption. (2) Under a saturated water pressure of 30 MPa, the average adsorbed water volume per unit mass of the sample calculated by the "weighing method" is 0.021 6 mL/g. The volume proportions of water in the micropores and mesopores (average of 40.26%) is lower than that in macropores (average of 59.74%), which may be related to the fact that water molecules can occupy more adsorption sites on the inner surface of micropores and mesoporous pores under the action of capillary forces when the relative pressure is significantly increased. (3) Compared with normal pressure, high-pressure conditions increase the volume of water adsorbed per unit mass of shale (approximately 25% increase in the experiment), and the proportion of water volume in large pores is greater than that in micropores and mesoporous pores. (4) During hydraulic fracturing, the relative pressure of the reservoir increases significantly. Under the action of capillary forces, fracturing fluid may enter large pores that cannot enter under the pressure of the original reservoir to "relieve" the "unsaturated state" of the original shale reservoir. After fracturing is completed, the pressure around the reservoir is gradually released, and the fracturing fluid that originally enters the adsorption pores of the shale may have difficulty overcoming the capillary resistance at the pore, making it difficult to return.

Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Recent advancements in lipid-lowering therapies have seen progress with statins, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, PCSK9 inhibitors, and omega-3 fatty acids becoming widely utilized. Emerging new lipid-lowering drugs, including angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) inhibitors, apolipoprotein C3 inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), small interfering RNA (siRNA), and cholesterol vaccines, have diversified the therapeutic landscape, showing promising efficacy. This review explores the development and application of these lipidlowering drugs, offering new insights for therapeutic strategies.

Vitamin D, as a steroid hormone, can promote intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption, help the human body maintain the balance of calcium and phosphorus levels, and also promote bone mineralization, regulate bone homeostasis, and play an important role in the treatment of osteoporosis and other diseases. With the increasing problem of vitamin D deficiency worldwide, the attention of various disciplines to vitamin D has been increasing in recent years, and it has been found that vitamin D has a wide range of effects in the human body and has a good application prospect in a number of fields. This paper summarizes and analyzes the research progress of vitamin D in the fields of osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, frailty and sarcopenia, diabetes in the elderly common diseases, in order to improve the attention to vitamin D in the clinical treatment of common diseases in the elderly.

To investigate the effects of different pasteurization processes (85 ℃ for 20 min and 75 ℃ for 30 min) on the edible quality and shelf life of white cut chicken, the samples were stored at 0~4 ℃ for 0-30-40 d, and the pH, color, texture, volatile flavor substances, volatile salt base nitrogen (TVB-N), total number of colonies, and sensory quality were determined. Results indicated that the pH value of white cut chicken treated by pasteurization process was stable, the total colony count was lower, and the generation of TVB-N was lower. After comparing with the control group, neither of the two groups of different treatments of the pasteurization process would have a significant trending effect on the eating characteristics of white cut chicken such as color, hardness and chewiness, and the sensory scores were not significantly different from those of the control group (P>0.05). Meanwhile, this study compared the relative superiority of two different pasteurization processes and demonstrated that the process condition of 85 ℃ pasteurization treatment for 20 min had a significant effect on inhibiting microbial growth in the product, prolonging the shelf-life of the white cut chicken, and reducing the deterioration of the edible quality of the chicken meat during storage.

Objective To analyze the correlation between frailty and living conditions in the elderly. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 4 869 elderly people who underwent physical examination and hospitalization in 20 medical institutions in hospitals,communities and nursing homes from August 2021 to February 2022.According to the Fried frailty diagnostic criteria,the research subjects were divided into a non-frailty group(2 904 cases),pre-frailty group(1 284 cases) and frailty group(681 cases).Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between living conditions and frailty. Results The total prevalence of frailty was 14.0%(95% CI:13.0-15.0),and the prevalence of men and women was compared(11.9% and 16.3%),and the difference was statistically significant(P

To analyze the changes of spoilage bacteria on the carcasses of broiler during the slaughtering of yellow feather broiler, the diversity of spoilage bacteria in the processing environment and on the carcass surface during the efficient slaughter of yellow feather broiler was determined by the plate pouring method and Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the main contamination procedure for the growth of bacteria of yellow feather broilers was eviscerating, pre-cooling and grading procedure, and the grading scale, in which the grading scale, workers' gloves from grading workshop, pre-cooling tank and workers' gloves from eviscerating manual gloves were contamination sources in the three processes aforementioned. Moreover, grading scale and workers' gloves in the decomposition workshop were the main source of contaminated flora of yellow feather broilers carcasses. The growth rate of total viable counts (TVC) and Pseudomonas on the surface of yellow feather broilers carcasses was as high as 24.13% and 41.27%, respectively. The TVC of yellow feather broilers increased to 4.63 lg(CFU/g) after grading scale and grading workshop worker's hands (P

In view of the electromagnetic interference existing in the well, it can greatly interfere with the voltage signal of the operational amplifier terminal collected by the dynamometer, and then affect the accuracy of the pressure value measured by the sensor. The design uses the domestic HC32L176 micro controller unit as the main control chip. Develop a dynamometer which uses the chip. Collect the voltage signal through the oscilloscope. Select the appropriate wavelet basis function, the number of decomposition layers, threshold rule and threshold function to decomposesignals containing noise. Filter out the high-frequency components of different layers,and then reconstruct the signal to obtain the denoising signal . Through Matlab simulation and practical test, the results show that the wavelet transform can achieve a good denoising of the collected voltage signal, and improve the reliability and stability of the bolt and cable dynamometer.

From the perspective of geological zone selection for coalbed methane (CBM) development, the evaluation parameters (covering geological conditions and production conditions) of geological sweetspot for CBM development are determined, and the evaluation index system of geological sweetspot for CBM development is established. On this basis, the fuzzy pattern recognition (FPR) model of geological sweetspot for CBM development is built. The model is applied to evaluate four units of No.3 Coal Seam in the Fanzhuang Block, southern Qinshui Basin, China. The evaluation results are consistent with the actual development effect and the existing research results, which verifies the rationality and reliability of the FPR model. The research shows that the proposed FPR model of geological sweetspot for CBM development does not involve parameter weighting which leads to uncertainties in the results of the conventional models such as analytic hierarchy process and multi-level fuzzy synthesis judgment, and features a simple computation without the construction of multi-level judgment matrix. The FPR model provides reliable results to support the efficient development of CBM.

The motor imagery brain-computer interface has always been the focus of scholars.But traditional system cannot accurately extract significant signals and has low classification accuracy.To overcome such difficulty, a new Transformer model was proposed based on the auto-encoder (AE).The filter bank common spatial pattern (FBCSP) was used to extract the features of multiple frequency bands, and the AE was exploited to obtain the dimensionality-reduced feature matrix.Finally, it considered the influence of the global signal features by the position encoding of the Transformer model and considered the internal correlation of the feature matrix by using the multi-head self-attention mechanism.By comparison with the traditional K-nearest neighbors (KNN) system based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA), the experimental results validates that the classification effect of AE+Transformer model is better than that of LDA+KNN system.It shows that the improved algorithm is suitable for the binary classification of motor imagery.

In recent years, particulate burnable poisons have attracted much attention due to their superior properties and are widely used in various reactor design. It is uniformly distributed in the fuel cell, does not occupy the position of the fuel element, and will not cause distortion of the power distribution. Dispersed particulate poisons have multiple dimension for adjustment and optimization, including sizes of particles, concentrations and type of poison particles. They can be adjusted according to actual needs, which can effectively and long-term control the reactive process, with strong flexibility. However, they have special spatial structure and strong spatial self-shielding effect, which leads to microscopic stratification during the burnup process. In numerical simulation, the direct refined solution will bring a huge amount of calculation and great grid density, which has certain challenges. Therefore, a new burnup calculation method based on multi-scale coupling was proposed in this paper. First of all, a new parameter named effective burnable poison proportion fv was defined and a microscopic fine spherical model was built according to the target cell model. Secondly, equivalent homogenization, which was based on the reactivity equivalence strategy, was performed and the fine spherical model was modified into a microscopic homogeneous spherical model. It could provide important parameters for macroscopic model. By coupling of the microscopic spherical model and the macroscopic cell model, the fine solution problem of the dispersed particulate media was simplified into a fast solution of a simple conventional media. It solves the problems of large amount of calculation and high grid density in the process of solving the fine burnup of the dispersed particulate poison in the global scope, accurately characterizes the burnup characteristics of the dispersed particulate poison, which provides a novel idea for the solution of the dispersed particulate media. Later preliminary verification was provided. Compared with current collision probability method, the new algorithm has an overall error in effective multiplication factor at about 200 pcm, while the initial error is 100 pcm. However, a relative high error in the middle and late stages burnup periods is detected. Luckily, this period lasts for a short time. When the burnable poison is burnt out, the error returns to normal level (about 200 pcm). The new algorithm has an error in thermal neutron flux level within 1.25%, and the average error level of the burnable poison number density is 1.41%. In general, the new algorithm is proved to have great performance in neutron physical parameters such as effective multiplication factor, neutron flux density and nuclide number density. Besides, it would be promising in future large-scale computation.

Due to the raising complexity of the indoor environment, the influence of the non-line-of-sight error is gradually increasing in indoor positioning.How to reduce the non-line-of-sight error in the indoor positioning environment is particularly significant.The UWB indoor positioning technology was selected, Kalman filter has been used widely in reducing the positioning error in indoor non-line-of-sight situations.However, in the process of switching between line of sight and non-line-of-sight scenes, the Kalman filter will produce a new error.To solve this problem, an improved Kalman filter indoor positioning algorithm based on CHAN was proposed.The ranging results of five or more base stations were used to construct a positioning solution equation set.Then the CHAN algorithm that was sensitive to positioning errors under non-line-of-sight conditions was selected to calculate the result.Finally, residual processing was performed with the results of each base station and different confidence regions were judged in line with the residual processing.For different confidence regions, the Kalman filter preset gain factor K was used to improve the stability of the positioning result and reduce the positioning error in the conversion process.In the simulation environment, the error can reach about 80 cm.In real scene, the algorithm can reduce the positioning error in non-line-of-sight scenes to 60 cm, which can improve accuracy 60% higher than normal complex indoor positioning.

In recent years, 64Cu has received extensive attention along with its growing application in nuclear medicine positron emission tomography (PET) diagnosis. A 64Cu automatic separation apparatus adapted to the Cyclone-30 cyclotron was developed to realize the process automation from target dissolution to nuclide separation and purification for stable 64Cu production at large scale. The apparatus consists of a tank for target dissolution and a system for separation and purification. The operation interface, programming language and specific programming instructions were determined by programming design. Based on the established separation and purification process of 64Cu, the apparatus was designed followed by assembling and testing. After the process parameters of the apparatus were confirmed through a series of conditional experiments, the hot verification experiments at small-scale and three batches of mass production process verification were carried out consecutively, showing that this self-developed apparatus has steady function and can realize distant control. The whole separation process could be finished in 3 h. The radiochemical recovery of 64Cu (after calibration) is greater than 90%, which meets the expected goal of the design. The 64Cu product was tested with over 95% of radiochemical purity, higher than 99.9% of radio nuclidic purity. The contents of impurities such as iron, copper and zinc were less than 1.5 μg/GBq, while cobalt, gold and nickel were less than 0.5 μg/GBq, which meets the requirements of group standard and can be used for preparation of 64Cu radiopharmaceuticals. In conclusion, this self-developed apparatus has low cost and independent intellectual property rights, and its performance and the product quality of 64Cu are comparable to other competitive foreign products. Compared with the manual separation process, the automatic one has significant advantages in terms of the stability of product quality, the process controllability, the time-consuming and the radiation protection of operators. At present, the apparatus has already been used in 64Cu production routinely.

At present, global positioning system (GPS) was widely used in outdoor positioning.However, the continuous development of cities complicated the positioning environment, resulting in a sharp decline in positioning accuracy.Therefore, the integrated positioning scheme of GPS/5G base station angle of arrival positioning/strap-down inertial navigation system (GPS-AOA-SINS) was adopted, and a fault-tolerant integrated navigation algorithm based on federated Kalman filter was proposed.Based on the GPS-AOA-SINS integrated positioning scheme, the algorithm added fault detection between the federated Kalman sub filter and the main filter, and adaptively adjusted the filter gain matrix of the fault sub filter.Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can effectively detect system faults and deal with them in real time, so as to improve the reliability of the system.

Chicken lung is generally utilized as a low-value feed in poultry slaughtering industry. In order to increase the added value of chicken lung, this study determined the proximate chemical composition of chicken lung and prepared antioxidant peptide by enzymatic hydrolysis. Firstly, using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging rate and crude peptide content as indexes, the effects of the kinds of enzyme, pH, enzyme supplemental levels and hydrolysis time on antioxidant peptide activity were investigated by single factor experiment. Secondly, based on the results, Box-Behnken response surface designed was used to optimize the reaction conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of chicken lung antioxidant peptide. The main influencing factors were pH, enzyme supplemental levels and hydrolysis time (P

In order to standardize the white-cut chicken brine and promote its high-value utilization, in this paper, butter chicken and Tu Er chicken were used as raw materials for making white-cut chicken, and the changes in the nutritional content of the brine produced by the two raw chickens under different cooking times (2, 4, 6, 8) were studied. In addition, headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine the flavor compounds of two kinds of white-cut chicken brines with different cooking times. The results showed that with the increase of cooking times, the protein, fat, carbohydrate and other nutrients in the brine of the white-cut chicken increased significantly (P

Effective association and rapid and accurate location of seismic phase in global network is one of the core problems of seismic monitoring and nuclear test ban verification. IDC has been devoted to improving the efficiency of automatic association of seismic phases and the quality of automatic processing of bulletins to reduce the workload of analysts. As the next generation of global network processing software in IDC，NET-VISA uses probability model and Bayesian method to find the most probable set of seismic events which can explain a series of arrivals detected by a seismic network and work out seismic bulletin. IDC’s test results show that NET-VISA produces a bulletin that is more complete and accurate than the SEL3 bulletin generated by GA which is currently used by IDC. This paper introduces the basic principle of the NET-VISA method and the test progress in CTBTO International data Center. Finally，the NET-VISA association results of the six North Korea nuclear tests are analyzed and compared.

Water mobility is an important factor affecting the production of coalbed methane. It is of great significance to analyze the effect of porosity and permeability on water mobility for the development of coalbed methane in Jixi Basin. In order to analyze the influence of porosity and permeability of coal reservoir on the water mobility, we performed low field NMR, permeability and water saturation experiments on the main coal seams of different mining areas in Jixi Basin.The results show that: ①Adsorption pores are relatively developed and the average proportion is 58.36%, while the seepage pores and fractures are similarly developed, with the average proportion of 21.23% and 20.41%, respectively.The seepage pores and fracture are well connected; ②The centrifugal force that makes the studied coal seam reach the bound water state is 1.38 MPa, under which the movable water can be discharged from half-open or open pores with a radius of more than 0.1 μm.By which the movable water saturation is 27.84%-60.87%, with an average of 37.86%; the irreducible water saturation is higher which is calculated as 39.13%-72.16%(av.62.14%).With the increase of pressure, the movable water flows first along the fracture, and then flows out through the seepage pores, while the irreducible water mainly existing in the adsorption pores is difficult to flow because of the large capillary resistance during centrifugation; ③There are obvious differences in water mobility and occurrence in coal samples with similar metamorphic degree, which may be one of the reasons for the difference of water and gas production in different block's CBM wells; ④The movable water in the study area is easy to flow out from coals with higher movable water saturation, greater permeability and more developed pore throat of more than 1 000 nm, but the water is difficult to flow out from coals with lower movable water saturation and more developed pore throat of 0-100 nm in which water is trapped.

ObjectivesIn order to develop a computation method for the corrugated core panel bending issue and solve the bending deflection and stress of such panels, an equivalent stiffness method is proposed. MethodsFirst, the middle cores of these sandwich panels are taken as equivalent to orthotropic elastic materials, then the equivalent elastic modulus of the cores are solved by Castigliano's theorem and the integral stiffnesses of the sandwich panels are calculated by laminated plate theory. According to the solved integral stiffness constants, the distribution of bending deflection is achieved by solving the orthotropic plate bending equilibrium equations, and stress distribution is derived by adopting Hooke's law.ResultsIt is validated that the stiffness error evaluated by this proposed method is −6.98% compared with the method in literature(Ref.[7]), the maximum error of deflection is −2.01% and stress is 3.63%, which correspond with the FEM results.ConclusionsThis proposed method for calculating integral stiffness through layered accumulation not only avoids the complicated derivation of applying the method of Ref.[7] completely, but also satisfies calculation precision when computing the bending issue.

Representative elementary volume (REV) is a fundamental concept in rock mechanics and its existence is a prerequisite for estimating the equivalent parameters of rock mass and applying the continuum method to investigating the rock mass. To comprehensively consider the effects of fracture size, orientation and density on the REV of rock mass, the heterogeneity index (HI) is presented to estimate the REV. The concept and meaning of HI are elaborated and 20 random realizations of fracture network models with moderate spacing and medium persistence are implemented using the General Block software. For each realization, ten rock mass models with different sizes are selected to calculate the HI. The results show an obvious size effect of the homogeneity index. The mean value and standard deviation of the homogeneity index are 0.5 and 0.14, respectively, when the size of the rock mass is not less than 8 m, and the REV for the rock mass is determined to 8 m. The investigation of the surrounding rock mass of the underground powerhouse in the Three Gorges using the HI shows a REV size of 60 m, which can be used as a criterion for the applicability of the discontinuous method. HI is a new index proposed from the perspective of rock mass structure, which is suitable for determining the REV and statistical range of rock masses. It is of great significance for the statistical analysis and investigation of the equivalent parameters of rock masses.

Based on the research of deep hard roof thick coal seam mining in Gucheng Coal Mine, this paper analyzes the inducement of 2103 working face rock burst accident, summarizes the law of mine rock burst, and concludes that the deep thick coal seam mining has more frequent occurrence of impact, the energy and sphere of influence is greater, also concludes that faults and overburden activities are the main factors in inducing rock burst. At the same time, it is pointed out that the time limit of deep thick coal seam discharge is short, and the basic pressure discharge measures and measures to replenish the pressure are proposed based on the actual conditions of the mine. With the blasting of large-diameter drilling and coal seam, and other technical measures, take corresponding pressure relief measures on the roadway and working face, drill method is used as point detection means to verify the effect. The field practice shows that the measure can effectively prevent and control the rock burst and reduce the occurrence of impact accidents.

In order to solve the problem of the communication and computational problems of large-scale machine communication in an ultra-dense cellular network,a Markov prediction based handover scheme (MPHS) was proposed.Firstly,a kind of heterogeneous network design with semi-structure and central control was considered which contains the densely deployed virtual nodes and thus realized a low cost and efficient coverage.The network can dynamically adjust the access point according to the user's mobility and network traffic.Secondly,a Markov model was constructed,and the idea of load-aware was introduced.By weighing the signal quality and the cell load,the user's next optimal access point was effectively predicted.The simulation results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme for cell handover predicting.

To solve the problem of the access keys stored in a smart card increasing linearly with the number of registered clouds without third party participated in authentication,an authentication scheme was proposed for multi-cloud environment based on smart card.In the proposed scheme,the authentication was realized between user and multiple clouds without third party participation when the smart card only stored two access key.Thus the storage cost of smart card was reduced effectively.Because there was no public key cryptography,the authentication messages was generated by using XOR homomorphic function and Hash function,thus the computational cost of the smart card and the cloud servers was reduced effectively.Moreover,the proposed scheme also didn’t need to store any user’s information on the cloud servers,thereby reducing the storage and management costs of the cloud servers.The security analysis and the performance analysis show that the proposed scheme is able to resist multiple attacks,which is secure and efficient.

The distributed data collection problem for CRN was studied, which has not been addressed before. First, the proper carrier-sensing range（PCR）for SU was studied. By working with this PCR, a SU can successfully conduct data transmission without disturbing the activities of PU and other SU. Subsequently, based on the PCR, an asynchronous distributed data collection（ADDC）algorithm with fairness consideration for CRN was proposed. ADDC collects data of a snapshot to the base station in a distributed manner without any time synchronization requirement. The algorithm is scalable and more practical compared with centralized and synchronized algorithms. The comprehensive theoretical analysis shows that ADDC is order-optimal in terms of delay and capacity, as long as SU has a positive probability to access the spectrum. Finally, extensive simulation results indicate that ADDC can effectively finish a data collection task and significantly reduce data collection delay.