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[Objective] The study aims to investigate the changes of photosynthetic physiology and leaf structure of tea trees under different intercropping patterns and to provide theoretical basis for the construction of ideal cultivation pattern of tea trees and the promotion of sustainable development of tea plantation. [Methods] With the tea trees grown under four intercropping patterns as materials, including Rhododendron delavayi-tea(MT), Prunus cerasoides-tea (DT), Juglans regia-tea (HT), and pure tea plantation (CK), we investigated the changes of physiological and ecological functions of the tea trees and the anatomical structure of leaf blades in spring and autumn. The data were analyzed by single factor test and correlation analysis. [Results] The three intercropping modes significantly reduced the photosynthetically active radiation flux and leaf temperature of the tea plants in tea plantations, and the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of different intercropping patterns in spring and autumn showed a single-peak curve with first increase and then decrease,which had significant difference between CK and other intercropping patterns. Thickness of the fenestrated tissues and leaves of tea trees under different intercropping patterns in spring and autumn were significantly lower than that of CK. In spring, photosynthetically active radiant flux was significantly positively correlated with thickness of palisade tissues, ratio of palisade to sponge tissue,and the cell tense ratio, while negatively correlated with the cell looseness ratio. In autumn, the net photosynthetic rate was significantly positively correlated with the tightness of tissue structure. [Conclusion] Intercropping patterns affect the photosynthetic indexes of the tea trees, and MT and DT are most effective. Tea trees grown under different intercropping patterns gradually change leaf morphology to adapt to their environment. The thickness of palisade tissues, lower epidermal thickness, ratio of palisade to sponge tissue, and the cell tense ratio can be used as indexes for evaluating photosynthetic capacity of leaves.

To explore the extraction process of mycosporine amino acids (MAAs) and the antibacterial mechanism of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the effects of liquid-solid ratio, extraction temperature and extraction time on the yield of MAAs were analyzed by single factor and response surface optimization tests, and MAAs were isolated and identified by silica gel column chromatography, HPLC and ESI-MS. The antibacterial mechanism of MAAs against Vibrio parahaemolyticus was analyzed by scanning and fluorescence microscopy to observe the leakage of intracellular nucleic acids and proteins, and DNA decomposition. The results showed that the optimal extraction parameters of MAAs of Ulva lactuca was liquid-solid ratio of 25 mL/g, extraction temperature of 40 ℃ and extraction time of 118 min, and the yield of MAAs was 179.34±3.91 mg/g. MAAs significantly destroyed the cell membrane of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, causing the leakage of nucleic acid and proteins, and promoting the breakdown of DNA in the bacteria. MAAs were isolated by silica gel column chromatography to obtain two fractions, and the fraction H2 was identified as shinorine, and the content in Ulva lactuca dry powder could reach 10.32 mg/g. This study provides a technical reference for the preparation of MAAs of Ulva lactuca and the biological control of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Objective: Clarify the flavor characteristics of Tremella fuciformis cultivated on herbaceous substrate. Methods: In the study T. fuciformis cultivated on herbaceous substrate was used as the research object, while samples of yellow tremella and white tremella cultivated on conventional substrate were used as controls. The differences in flavor composition between them were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography and Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction Ggas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). And combined with intelligent sensory technology, its flavor characteristics were analyzed. Results: According to multi-dimensional evaluations such as fresh and sweet amino acid and flavor nucleotides content, taste activity value and equal freshness concentration value, and electronic tongue, the freshness intensity of this herb's tremella was lower than that of yellow tremella and white tremella. The results of HS-SPME-GC-MS analysis showed that 82 volatile compounds were identified in this herb Tremella, which were higher than those in white Tremella (71 species) and yellow Tremella (49 species). The main compounds were esters, accounting for 16.9%～22.4%, presenting a strong floral aroma. At the same time, 26 characteristic aroma components of Tremella, 9 unique components of white Tremella, and 4 unique components of this herb Tremella were identified; In terms of aroma substance content, this herb Tremella also holds an advantage. Conclusion: The traditional Chinese medicinal fungus has a light taste and a strong aroma, making it suitable for developing and preparing beverages, while yellow white fungus is more suitable as a dish.

Objective The shallow potential sliding layer of a slope is an important feature in seismic geological disasters. Its characteristics, such as slope shape and slope structure, tend to complicate the dynamic response and slope damage. Methods In this paper, the landslide in Xinhua Village, triggered by the Lushan Ms 6.1 earthquake, is taken as a case study, and two-dimensional discrete element computational models are developed based on a field investigation. The dynamic response and simulate instability are investigated by comparing numerical simulations of homogeneous and heterogeneous models, representing pure terrain and a shallow potential sliding layer, respectively. Results The findings are as follows: (1) The potential sliding layer at the shallow surface of the slope exhibits significant dynamic amplification, which typically increases nonlinearly with height; (2)The slope surface shape has an obvious influence on the slope amplification effect.In the convex part, the amplification effect of the horizontal and vertical acceleration of the slope surface is significant, while the amplification effect of the concave part is lower than that of the convex part; (3) In the Xinhua Village landslide, the convex terrain is destroyed before the concave terrain under the effect of micromorphology, and its instability process is divided into five stages, namely, local seismic cracking of vibration amplification, convex terrain destruction, concave terrain destruction, complete destruction of the overall slide and gravity accumulation. Conclusion The research results are helpful for deepening the understanding of potential unstable slopes induced by earthquakes and shedding light on disaster prevention and mitigation.

In order to address the challenges related to exploration target search and sustainable development of oilfields in the Weixinan Sag of Beibuwan Basin, this study focused on fault-lithologic composite traps within the structural trap development section of the third member of Oligocene Weizhou Formation in the No.2 fracture zone of Weixinan Sag. By examining the relationship between the evolution of depression-controlling faults and the sedimentary characteristics of the third member of Weizhou Formation, it was observed that the No.2 fault zone exhibited weak activity during the sedimentary period of the third member, facilitating the continuous transportation of underwater distributary channels of the braided river delta along the long axis direction of the sag towards the depression. Conversely, the regional tectonic activities were intense during the sedimentary periods of the second and first members of Weizhou Formation, leading to the formation of a series of en-echelon faults. The interaction between relatively isolated underwater distributary channels of the braided river delta front and en-echelon faults resulted in angled staggered formations and intersecting channels, ultimately creating a distinctive channel-type structural-lithologic trap group characterized by NE-SW trending fault sealing and NW-SE trending sand body pinching. The research findings indicate the development of a three-factor coupling fault-lithologic trap model in the third member of the Weizhou Formation. This model includes the depression faulted uplift background of the No.2 fracture zone, low-frequency oscillating channel, and en-echelon tension-torsion fault. The intersection area of the main stream line of underwater distributary channel in a braided river delta and the No.2 fracture zone is identified as a favorable zone for structural-lithologic traps. Additionally, composite structural-lithologic traps are predominantly found in the near-source intersection area, while isolated structural-lithologic traps are more common in the far-source intersection area, leading to the formation of an accumulation model involving axial channel sand control, fault, and sand body composite control. The fault-lithologic trap model and accumulation model have demonstrated effective application in practice. Several favorable fault-lithologic composite trap groups with distinct fault sealing and sand body pinching orientations have been identified, particularly in the Wei B-E structure. Notably, well WB-E 1 has successfully drilled nearly 100 meters of oil layer, with subsequent wells yielding positive results. The exploration efforts in the third member of the Weizhou Formation within the No.2 fault zone of the Weixinan Sag have led to the discovery of geological reserves exceeding 10 million cubic meters, underscoring the significance of fault-lithologic composite traps in this region.

Tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC)is a rare genetic disease that can lead to benign dysplasia in multiple organs such as the skin, brain, eyes, oral cavity, heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, and bones. Its main symptoms include epilepsy, intellectual disabilities, skin depigmentation, and facial angiofibromas, whilst incidence is approximately 1 in 10 000 to 1 in 6000 newborns. This case presents a middle-aged woman who initially manifested with epilepsy and nodular depigmentation. Later, she developed a lower abdominal mass, elevated creatinine, and severe anemia. Based on clinical features and whole exome sequencing, the primary diagnosis was confirmed as TSC. Laboratory and imaging examinations revealed that the lower abdominal mass originated from the uterus. CT-guided biopsy pathology and surgical pathology suggested a combination of leiomyoma and abscess. With the involvement of multiple organs and various complications beyond the main diagnosis, the diagnostic and therapeutic process for this patient highlights the importance of rigorous clinical thinking and multidisciplinary collaboration in the diagnosis and treatment of rare and challenging diseases.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment of passenger lymphocyte syndrome (PLS) in patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods A total of 489 patients who underwent allo-HSCT in Suzhou Hongci Hematology Hospital were retrospectively enrolled. The clinical process, diagnosis and treatment measures and prognosis of four patients complicated with PLS after transplantation were analyzed. Results Among the 489 patients, 4 were diagnosed with PLS. The blood types of donor/recipient ABO were all secondary incompatible (The blood type of donors were O and the recipients were A or B). The overall incidence of PLS in allo-HSCT was 0.82%(4/489)and 2.2%(4/179)in transplants with donor/recipient secondary incompatible ABO-blood types. PLS occured in 6-13 days after donor stem cell infusion. Clinical manifestations were dizziness and fatigue, low back pain, jaundice, deepening urine, rapid decrease in hemoglobin on laboratory tests, elevated indirect bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase, positive urobilinogen, positive direct anti-human globulin test (DAT), and anti-A or anti-B antibodies against recipient red blood cells were detected in plasma. After the treatment of O-type washed red blood cells, methylprednisolone, gamma globulin, rituximab and other treatments, the hemolysis was improved. All patients achieved engraftment of neutrophil and platelet. Red blood cell transfusion was halted in 3 weeks. Conclusion PLS is a rare complication of allo-HSCT, which mainly occurs in allo-HSCT patients with secondary incompatibility of ABO blood group of donor/recipient. The clinical prognosis is good after properly treatment.

Objective To quantify the setup errors for the different anatomical sites of patients who received intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with linear accelerator on-board kilovolt fan beam CT(kV-FBCT) as non-isocenter IGRT and megavolt cone beam CT (MV-CBCT) as isocenter IGRT. Methods A retrospective analysis was performedon 70 patients who underwent radiotherapy, kV-FBCT, and/or MV-CBCT scans after each routine setup prior to IMRT. The average displacement (M), systematic error (Σ), and random error (б) at different treatment sites in the left-right, anterior-posterior, and cranial-caudal directions were calculated according to the individual displacements. The formula 2.5Σ+0.7б was used to estimate the PTV margin in respective direction. For each single patient, the root mean square in three directions was used as 3D displacement. Results A total of 1130 displacements were recorded in the 70 patients. The PTV margin was estimated to be 1.9-3.1 mm in head and neck cancer, 2.8-5.1 mm in thoracic cancer, 4.6-5.1 mm in breast cancer, 3.0-5.5 mm in upper abdominal cancer, and 3.5-6.8 mm in pelvic tumor. For the 3D mean displacements, the head and neck, thoracic, breast, upper abdominal, and pelvic cancer were 2.4±1.0, 4.0±1.6, 4.1±2.0, 4.6±2.1, and 4.6±2.1 mm, respectively. The average 3D displacement obtained by kV-FBCT and MV-CBCT were 4.1 and 3.4 mm, respectively (P=0.212). Conclusion The quantitative setup-error data can be obtained using linear accelerator on-board FBCT, and the non-isocenter IGRT induced set-up error cannot be negligible.

【Background and Objective】 The decrease in available water resources for agriculture in the South of China has made developing water-saving irrigation essential for rice production. This paper investigates the impact of an improved irrigation method on growth and water use of conventional rice and hybrid rice. 【Method】 The experiments were conducted from 2018 to 2020 in plots within a paddy field in the Irrigation Experimental Station of Jiaxing Pinghu in Zhejiang province. The rice varieties Xiushui 134 (conventional) and Yongyou 9 (hybrid) were used as the model plants. They were irrigated by conventional flooding irrigation and thin-water film irrigation by keeping the topsoil just saturated. In each treatment, we measured the leaf area index, total dry matter, root growth, grain yield, and water demand and consumption of each rice variety. 【Result】 Water demand and consumption of both rice varieties under thin-water film irrigation were lower than that under flooding irrigation (P0.05). Compared with conventional flooding irrigation, thin-water film irrigation reduced average daily water consumption by 22.6%~59.5%, with the hybrid rice consuming 1.3%~3.0% more water than the conventional variety. Compared with flooding irrigation, thin-water film irrigation increased average rice yield by 1.7%, especially the hybrid variety whose yield was 31.9% higher than that of the conventional variety. Thin-water film irrigation reduced water consumption by 30.1%~35.0%, in addition to its significant increase in WUEI and WUEET. Due to the difference in yield between the two varieties, there was an interactive effect between the irrigation method and rice variety, with their WUEI, WUEP and WUEET differing significantly. 【Conclusion】 The thin water-film irrigation was effective to increase the development of leaf area and dry matter accumulation, especially for the hybrid variety. Water demand and consumption of both varieties were affected not only by annual precipitation and evaporation, but also by irrigation method, though no significant difference was found between the two varieties.

Objective: In order to solve the problem of manual weighting of dragon fruit, including time-consuming, laborious and expensive, an automated weight estimation method based on machine vision and machine learning was proposed in this research. Methods: Firstly, 106 dragon fruits were weighed, recorded and photographed, and images of dragon fruits were constructed. Secondly, binary images were obtained after denoising and segmentation. Moreover, the three features of pixel area, major axis pixel length and minor axis pixel length of dragon fruits were extracted on the basis of binary images. The three features of each image and their corresponding weights were combined into a set of data, which was divided into training set and test set according to the ratio of 7∶3. Finally, the training set was input into the Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, K-Neighbors and Artificial Neural Networks machine-learning models for training, and the test sets were used for model evaluation. Results: The evaluation index of the Artificial Neural network performed well compared with other models, with R2 of 0.986 and RMSE of 13.091. Conclusion: The experimental result demonstrates that the method proposed in this research can accomplish the weight estimation of dragon fruit effectively, and meet the weight estimation requirements of dragon fruit.

Objective To investigate the correlation between early immune reconstitution and clinical outcomes in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods The basic information and treatment data of 99 patients with ALL undering allo-HSCT from December 2018 to February 2022 were collected. The proportions of CD3+ T, CD3+CD4+ T, CD3+CD8+ T and CD3-CD16+CD56+ NK cells were detected before and 30, 60 and 90 days after transplantation using flow cytometry. The correlation between early cellular immune reconstitution and neutrophil engraftment, platelet engraftment, infection, and acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was analyzed. Results Among 99 ALL patients, the median time of neutrophil engraftment was day +11 (range, 8-28), and the median time of platelet engraftment was day +14 (range, 10-120). The cumulative incidence of blood stream infection (BSI) was 11.10% and the cumulative incidence of CMV within 100 days of transplantation was 40.40%. The cumulative incidence of EBV within 100 days was 7.10%. The cumulative incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) was 22.30%. The cumulative incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) within 1 year of transplantation was 16.20%. 1 -year cumulative relapse rate was 13.84%. The 1 -year cumulative disease-free survival (DFS) for all patients was 80.60% and the 1-year overall survival (OS) was 90.30%. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio was positively associated with the development of aGVHD at 30 days post-transplant (OR 1.21, 95CI 1.01-1.45, P

Objective To investigate the situation of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae(CRE) colonization in patients undergoing haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT). Methods A total of 241 consecutive patients who underwent haplo-HSCT in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from June 1, 2021 to June 1, 2022 were enrolled. Anal swab screening was performed within 48 hours of admission and blood cultures were taken when the patient developed fever. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the colonization rate, distribution, risk factors and the correlation between CRE colonization and post-transplant bloodstream infection(BSI). Results Among 241 patients with haplo-HSCT, there were 90 cases in CRE colonization positive group, with a colonization rate of 37.3% (90/241). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.38-4.22, P

Fengyun-4A (FY-4A) is the first satellite of China's second-generation geostationary orbit meteorological satellites. The advanced geostationary radiation imager (AGRI), a multiple channel radiation imager, is one of the primary payloads onboard FY-4A. As one basic quantitative remote sensing product, the operational sea surface temperature (SST) is derived with the split-window nonlinear SST (NLSST) algorithm in real time. The operational NLSST procedures and products are described in detail. The FY-4A/AGRI SST products provide full-disk SST with spatial resolution of 4 km at the nadir. The quality level information is delivered with each pixel to provide information about the conditions of the processing. Quality level for each pixel information is defined as follows: Excellent, good, bad and unprocessed (cloud, land, no satellite data etc.). The users can select the SST data with certain quality level according to their application purposes (e.g., for climate-related studies, only the SST data with the excellent quality level in the time series are used, and for identifying and tracking specific ocean features, users may be more tolerant of lower-quality SST data). The accuracy of FY-4A/AGRI SST algorithm is assessed by determining the standard deviation and bias errors from the regression procedure of the matchup database between satellite data and quality controlled SST data from NOAA in situ SST quality monitor, from July 2021 to June 2022. The validation methods and results are described in detail. The matchup database combining FY-4A/AGRI measurements and in situ SST have been built on a routine basis. At the stage of the matchup database in association with the drifter temperatures, the matchup database is composed of pixels under clear sky conditions. The FY-4A/AGRI SST data with excellent quality level are compared with drifting and tropical moored buoy data. The matchup space-time window is 4 km and 30 min from the buoy location to the center of the SST pixel. The comparison shows a bias of -0.45 to -0.42℃ and a standard deviation of 0.81-0.88℃ for FY-4A/AGRI SST with excellent quality. The correlation coefficients between FY-4A/AGRI SST and buoy SST are better than 0.985. The FY-4A/AGRI SST are also compared with the ACSPO SST produced at NOAA/STAR from the Himawari-8/AHI (advanced Himawari imager). The comparison shows a bias of -0.26 to -0.07℃ and a standard deviation of 0.68-0.82℃ with excellent quality level. The correlation coefficients between FY-4A/AGRI SST and Himawari-8/AHI are better than 0.985. The correlation coefficients shows that there is a good correlation between FY-4A/AGRI SST and Himawari-8/AHI SST.

The removal control of radioactive aerosols in a nuclear emergency is an important issue, and capture fixation is a parameter for studying the purification effect of aerosol fixatives on aerosols. Herein, PAM-g-PAA, PAM-g-PHEA, and PAM-g-PAA/PHEA were obtained by chemical grafting with polyacrylamide as the substrate, acrylic acid and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate as grafting monomers. The grafting product was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and the grafting rate was calculated. The microstructure of different products were compared and discussed by scanning electron microscope images of freeze-drying and film formation. The capture and sedimentation effects of tellurium (simulated polonium) aerosol were studied by surface tension and fixed sedimentation experiments (PAM, PAM-g-PAA, PAM-g-PHEA, PAM-g-PAA/PHEA aqueous solution), and the mechanism of aerosol fixation was discussed. The results showed that the surface tension of the grafted product was significantly lower than that of the substrate PAM. Among them, the aerosol fixing agent PAM-g-PHEA grafted with HEA modified polyacrylamide can more effectively capture and fix tellurium aerosol particles, and its fixed sedimentation efficiency is 94.34%, which provides a research idea for the purification of polonium radioactive aerosol by atomization fixation method.

The hyperspectral imaging technology has the feature of “image and spectrum in one”, which brings together the features of traditional imaging and spectroscopic techniques, and both image information and spectral information of the agricultural products could be obtained. Therefore, this technology can not only detect the external characteristics of objects by imaging technology, but also obtain the internal quality and food safety information of agricultural products by the spectral technology, including variety classification, physical and chemical index determination, fungal infection detection and pesticide residue detection, etc. Compared with traditional detection methods, hyperspectral imaging has been applied in the field of non-destructive testing of agricultural products due to its simple pretreatment, non-pollution and non- destructive characteristics in the detection process. This review started from the theoretical basis of hyperspectral imaging, and summarized its image acquisition and analysis methods, followed by expounding the research progress of hyperspectral imaging technology in the field of nondestructive testing of agricultural products in the past five years. This review could provide information on the classification and nutritional quality of agricultural products and food safety assessment methods to provide reference.

The knowledge of graph theory， the research method for the Chinese postman problem， and the improved Fleury algorithm are applied with the addition of random selection elements （i.e.， random branch nodes on the main line and endpoints on the branch line） to obtain the near-optimal UAV patrol paths. The calculation results show that the patrol path of simple lines generally follows the order of mainline towers， while there is no clear rule for the patrol path of complex lines. It is verified that the proposed algorithm procedure is practical and fault-tolerant， applicable to all simple and complex lines； the patrol mileage is generally 10% to 30% more than the actual mileage， ideally effective.

Metal foam composite is a kind of lightweight composite with low density, high strength, high shielding performance, high damping performance and other characteristics. It has a wide range of application prospects in aerospace, drilling trap floats, artificial bone and other fields, which has attracted people's attention. In this paper, based on the research of the existing literature, the fabrication methods of metal foam composites were introduced, the effect of microstructure on the properties of metal foam composites was analyzed, the progress of mechanical properties, damping properties, shielding properties and heat insulation and their mechanisms of metal foam composites and their applications in relevant fields were reviewed, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of metal foam composites in the future, and the new fabrication technology, modeling research, sandwich structure of metal foam composites and the fabrication of high performance foam hollow sphere composite were also prospected.

Pyroptosis is a newly discovered way of proinflammatory programmed cell death. Pyroptosis is mediated by caspase-1 (Caspase-1). Through the cleavage and activation of GSDM family proteins, small pores are formed on the cell membrane, thus rapid lysis of the cell membrane process, and then leads to intracellular inflammatory content release thereby causing inflammatory response. The three pyroptosis pathways are the classical pathway of Caspase-1, the non-classical pathway of Caspase-4, 5, and 11, and the special pathway of Caspase-3 or Hela cells. Pyroptosis plays an important role in the occurrence, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer, and is closely related to the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. This article reviews the biological mechanism of pyroptosis and its research progress in breast cancer, to provide a new idea for clinicians in the treatment of breast cancer.

This review summarizes the mechanism of fatigue and the research achievements of active components in anti-fatigue such as polysaccharides and peptides from marine organisms in recent years. Finally, discussed the shortcomings and future direction of development of marine bioactive substances.

Malware detection method based on gray images has received a lot of attention because it does not require disassembly and can obtain a high detection accuracy. There are some adversarial attacks against this type of detection method which has been put forward, but most of the current adversarial attack methods cannot ensure that the generated adversarial examples can remain the availability or functionality of the original PE file, or choose to add bytecode at the bottom of a PE file that is easy to be accurately detected through the file header information. Based on the analysis of the section alignment mechanism and file alignment mechanism of PE files, this paper proposes a bytecode attack method that can remain the availability and functionality (BARAF) of PE files. By modifying or adding bytecodes in the gap spaces generated by the file alignment mechanism and the expansion spaces derived from the section alignment mechanism, BARAF generates the adversarial example that can remain the availability and functionality to deceive the malware detection method based on gray images. Experimental results show that the adversarial examples generated by BARAF can reduce the accuracy of the malware detection method based on gray images by 31.58 percentage points at most, and it is difficult to detect the adversarial examples accurately through the file header information.

[Purpose/Significance] The aim of this paper is to identify open science capabilities and skills for researchers, build a capability framework of open science, and explore its development path, in order to improve the open science capabilities of team leaders and decision makers, researchers and scientific research support personnel in the open science ecosystem, and to provide reference for promoting open science and building an open science innovation ecosystem in our country. [Method/Process] In this paper, the relevant research on open science definition, open science capabilities, and competence model at home and abroad were analyzed and summarized. Based on the competency onion model, the open science capability framework was designed as three layers from the inside out: embracing open science values and principles and developing an open science mindset as the core layer, acquiring open science knowledge composed of open science elements as the second layer outside, and building open science skills embedded in the scientific research life cycle and data life cycle as the outermost layer. Then, the possible development methods were discussed. At last, libraries' role in the open science training was emphasized. [Results/Conclusions] The open science capability framework includes three dimensions. Firstly, embracing open science values, including quality and integrity, collective benefit, equity and fairness, and diversity and inclusiveness, and open science guiding principles covering transparency, scrutiny, critique and reproducibility, equality of opportunities, responsibility, respect and accountability, collaboration, participation and inclusion, flexibility and sustainability. Secondly, acquiring open science knowledge based on open science elements, including open science definitions, initiatives, best practices, implications, open access, open data (scientific research data, government data, and industry data), open scientific and technological reports, open educational resources, open scientific infrastructure (virtual and physical), open source code, open reproducible research, open peer review, open science evaluation, citizen science, and open science policy. Thirdly, building open science core competencies embedded in scientific research lifecycle and data lifecycle, including (1) open scholarly communication skills, which mean open publication literacy skills, like making the correct choices about where and how to publish their results, how and what to self-archive and how to communicate their research for scholarly and societal impact; (2) data science skills, which mean data management plan, research data management, data analysis, data sharing, and data storage skills; (3) scientific research literacy skills, which mean research management skills, research integrity and ethics skills, and legal skills; (4) citizen science skills, which mean researchers learn how to engage with citizens, and citizens learn how to conduct research. The open science capability development path includes formulating relevant policies, laws and strategic plans for skills building, strengthening open science promotion and training, and providing comprehensive support throughout the entire scientific research process. At the same time, the library is a key player in the construction of open science capacity, and should lead the design of a scientific and rational open science training system, and play an active role in promoting the paradigm shift of open science. In addition, this research has shortcomings due to time limitation, and we will continue to conduct in-depth research on open science capabilities and refine its indicators, in order to provide theoretical basis and reference for libraries to design open science training system and promote open science training in China.

Dragon fruit detection in natural environment is the prerequisite for fruit harvesting robots to perform harvesting. In order to improve the harvesting efficiency, by improving YOLOX (You Only Look Once X) network, a target detection network with an attention module was proposed in this research. As the benchmark, YOLOX-Nano network was chose to facilitate deployment on embedded devices, and the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) was added to the backbone feature extraction network of YOLOX-Nano, which improved the robustness of the model to dragon fruit target detection to a certain extent. The correlation of features between different channels was learned by weight allocation coefficients of features of different scales, which were extracted for the backbone network. Moreover, the transmission of deep information of network structure was strengthened, which aimed at reducing the interference of dragon fruit recognition in the natural environment as well as improving the accuracy and speed of detection significantly. The performance evaluation and comparison test of the method were carried out. The results showed that, after training, the dragon fruit target detection network got an AP0.5 value of 98.9% in the test set, an AP0.5:0.95 value of 72.4% and F1 score was 0.99. Compared with other YOLO network models under the same experimental conditions, on the one hand, the improved YOLOX-Nano network model proposed in this research was more lightweight, on the other hand, the detection accuracy of this method surpassed that of YOLOv3, YOLOv4 and YOLOv5 respectively. The average detection accuracy of the improved YOLOX-Nano target detection network was the highest, reaching 98.9%, 26.2% higher than YOLOv3, 9.8% points higher than YOLOv4-Tiny, and 7.9% points higher than YOLOv5-S. Finally, real-time tests were performed on videos with different input resolutions. The improved YOLOX-Nano target detection network proposed in this research had an average detection time of 21.72 ms for a single image. In terms of the size of the network model was only 3.76 MB, which was convenient for deployment on embedded devices. In conclusion, not only did the improved YOLOX-Nano target detection network model accurately detect dragon fruit under different lighting and occlusion conditions, but the detection speed and detection accuracy showed in this research could able to meet the requirements of dragon fruit harvesting in natural environment requirements at the same time, which could provide some guidance for the design of the dragon fruit harvesting robot.

Objective To investigate the current status of supportive care needs in patients after total cystectomy and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 631 patients undergoing total cystectomy in 5 tertiary Class-A hospitals in Chongqing from January 2020 to September 2021 were enrolled in this study. In 1 month after surgery, the patients were investigated by general data questionnaire and supportive care needs survey. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The total score of supportive care needs for post-cystectomy patients was 107.71±7.77 and the mean score of the items was 4.14±0.30. Multiple linear regression analysis showed the post-cystectomy patients with higher monthly household income per capita (≥1 000 Yuan), spouse/children as primary caregivers, receiving bladder-sparing triple therapy (trimodal therapy, TMT), occupation as farmers, married/cohabitation, having rural cooperative medical insurance and undergoing surgical method with in situ neobladder had lower supportive care needs (P < 0.05). Conclusion The demand for specific supportive care of post-cystectomy patients is quite high. Monthly household income per capita, primary caregivers, receiving TMT or not, and surgical method with in situ neobladder are main factors influencing the demand for supportive care need in post-cystectomy patients.

BackgroundThe barrel-sampled electromagnetic calorimeter (Ecal) is an important part of the Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) in Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) that is being built in Russia. It is primarily used to detect energy, time, and position information of electrons and photons in the energy domain from 10 MeV to a few GeV. MPD-Ecal is comprised of 2 400 modules with 16 towers per module. Each tower is made up of alternating layers of 211 scintillator sheets and 210 lead sheets, as well as 16 wave-length shift fibers.PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the performance, such as energy resolution, time resolution, and coordinate resolution, etc., of the Ecal by simulation.MethodsThe Geant4 software was employed to simulate single-energy electron incident on Ecal to examine the effects of several parameters on the performance of Ecal. Influences of the position of the particle incidence point, the number and thickness of the scintillator and lead layers, the polish of the optical fibre end-face, and the energy and type of incident particles on the energy deposition and resolution, time distribution and time resolution, and coordinate resolution were investigated in details. Finally, the time resolution of a single tower was simulated using the natural cosmic ray package, and the tower's expected time resolution in the cosmic ray test was obtained.ResultsAs the electron incidence position moves from the edge to the center of the module, the energy deposition within the scintillator rises from 718 MeV to 758 MeV. With a limited tower length of 415.5 mm, increasing the number of scintillator layers decreases the energy resolution of the module, improves the time resolution of the tower, and worsens the coordinate resolution of the Ecal. Taking into account the performance of the Ecal gauge, the optimal number of scintillator layers in the tower is 211. SiPM detects 42% more photoelectrons at a polish of 0.6 when the fiber end is coated with a reflective material than when it is not. As the polish of the fiber end-face increases, so does the number of photoelectrons detected by the SiPM, and the time resolution of the tower improves. When the fibre end-face polish is 1.0, the time resolution of the tower is less than 103 ps while time resolution of the tower (with 211 layers) in the cosmic ray is 185 ps.ConclusionsThe time and coordinate resolutions of Ecal improve with increasing electron energy under the same circumstances.

【Objective】 Frost heave is a hazard damaging canals constructed in frozen soils with shallow groundwater table. Taking trapezoidal canals with arc bottoms as an example, this paper investigated the mechanisms underlying the formation of frost heave and its dependance on groundwater table depth. 【Method】 The analysis was based on the Winkler assumption and that the height of the arc was much less than overall depth of the canal. We proposed a method to calculate the variation of normal force over the frost heave force, as well as the distribution of tangential freezing force over the curved segments of the canal linings. A mechanical model was constructed to analyze the damages caused by frost heave. 【Result】 The transverse difference in the distribution of the sectional internal force and the frost heave force both increased as the depth of groundwater table decreased. The effect of groundwater table depth on distribution of the sectional internal force and frost heave force decreased as the depth of the groundwater table increased. Adequate time and source for water recharge and transversely uneven distribution of frost heave force are the main cause of frost heave damage to the canals. 【Conclusion】 The proposed model describes the mechanical characteristic of the canals due the impact of frost heave reasonably well, and the calculated are accurate and reliable. The proposed method and results provide a tool to help design canals to improve the resistance against frost heave damages.

Objective To investigate the effect and safety of Chinese herbal medicine Shuanghuangdan dressing combined with silver ion dressing change in improving the healing of diabetic foot wounds. Methods Totally 45 patients with diabetic foot wounds were randomly divided into three groups: Shuanghuangdan group (n=15), silver ion group(n=15) and combined treatment group (n=15). Based on the symptomatic treatment, dressing change with different dressing materials was performed. The Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome integral and wound healing condition were evaluated and compared between three groups. Results The combined treatment group demonstrated the smallest wound remaining after a four-week intervention, and there was a significant different between combined treatment group and Shuanghuangdan group in wound remaining(P＜0. 05). The VEGF level in the combined treatment group was higher than that in the Shuanghuangdan group and silver ion group, respectively (P＜0. 05). The TCM syndrome integral in the combined treatment group was lower than that in the Shuanghuangdan group and silver ion group, respectively (P＜0. 05). Conclusion By promoting growth of granulation tissue and blood capillary, Chinese herbal medicine dressing combined with silver ion dressing change shows a positive effect in relief of inflammation and healing of diabetic foot wounds. It is a safe and effective treatment for patients with diabetic foot wounds (目的 观察中药制剂双黄丹敷料、银离子敷料联合换药促进糖尿病足创面愈合的临床疗效, 评价其有效性和安全性。方法 选择2021年3月—9月在贵州中医药大学第一附属医院就诊的糖尿病足患者45例, 按随机数字表法分组分为双黄丹组、银离子组和双黄丹联合银离子组(联合组), 各15例。在常规对症治疗的基础上, 三组分别给予自制中药双黄丹敷料换药、银离子敷料换药和中药双黄丹联合银离子敷料换药。比较三组中医证候积分, 评估创面愈合情况。结果 治疗后, 联合治疗组创面面积最低, 与双黄丹组比较, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。VEGF水平联合治疗组高于双黄丹组和银离子组, 中医证候积分联合治疗组低于双黄丹组和银离子组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 中药制剂双黄丹敷料联合银离子敷料换药能明显减轻患者的炎症反应, 促进肉芽组织和新生毛细血管生长, 促进伤口创面愈合, 且创面愈合效果明显优于单纯双黄丹敷料或银离子敷料换药。)

This paper summarized the experience of wound care for a patient with diabetic foot of Wagner grade 3. Based on the clinical evaluation of illness condition and risk assessment, targeted nursing interventions on wound dressing, pain control, nutrition support and psychological care were carried out, in order to improve the recovery of diabetic foot ulcers. (本文总结1例Wagner 3级糖尿病足患者的伤口护理经验, 通过科学评估, 了解患者整体情况, 明确风险因素, 以此制定针对性的伤口换药、疼痛干预、营养支持以及心理干预方案, 帮助患者树立治疗信心, 促进患者伤口恢复。)

The study status on the joining of titanium alloy/steel dissimilar joint technology was summarized and reviewed, the microstructure characteristics of titanium alloy/steel direct joining and interlayer joining interface were analyzed.The formation and evolution process of titanium alloy/steel joint interface products with different interlayers (copper, copper-based alloy and others) were emphatically described, and the mechanical properties of titanium alloy/steel with different interlayers and preparation processes were also summarized.Finally, the methods and design ideas that can be adopted for the preparation of good titanium alloy/steel joints were summarized, and it was pointed out that the future development of this field can be combined with simulation in addition to using traditional methods to further the existing research, so as to achieve deeper understanding and experimental prediction.

Diabetic foot disease is a common and serious complication for diabetes and is characterized with impaired angiogenesis. Nurses are the primary providers of prevention and early diagnosis of diabetes and its complications. This paper summarized the role of clinical nurse specialist in prevention of diabetic foot disease, diabetic foot care and prevention of diabetic foot wounds. In terms of nursing, nurses are responsible for the observation of change in foot soft tissue and skin sensitivity, as well as foot care, dressing and use of the new technologies. In terms of rehabilitation, clinical nurse specialist are responsible for the exercise guidance and health education for patients with foot ulcer and amputated limbs (糖尿病足是糖尿病常见并发症之一, 护士是积极参与预防和早期发现糖尿病及其并发症的卫生保健提供者。本文概述了护士, 尤其是糖尿病专科护士, 在糖尿病足预防和护理中重要作用。在护理方面, 护士负责早期发现皮肤和足部感觉的变化, 开展足部护理、敷料和新技术的应用; 在康复领域, 糖尿病专科护士负责指导和帮助糖尿病足溃疡或截肢患者进行活动。)

BackgroundThe calibration of radon measuring instruments is the most important and key technical link to ensure the reliability and accuracy of radon observation data and plays a vital role in seismic monitoring and prediction.PurposeThis study aims to obtain a calibration method suitable for the calibration of newly connected seismic water radon monitor according to the National Metrological Verification Regulations for Radon Meters (JJG825-2013), the calibration experiment is carried out for the analog radon observatory (manual), which is newly adopted by the seismic network, and the calibration method suitable for the seismic water radon observation is obtained.MethodsFirstly, the FD-125 radon-thorium analyzer was used as the experimental instrument, the calibration experiments were carried out in the standard radon chamber by three calibration methods: circulation method, vacuum method, and flow-gas method. Then, the volume response coefficients of three methods were calculated, and the uncertainty sources and mathematical models were analyzed according to JJG825—2013 regulation. Measured values by internationally recognized standard AlphaGUARDPQ2000Pro radon meter were taken as theoretical references of radon concentration for radon chambers, hence the uncertainties of three calibration methods were obtained.ResultsThe results show that the circulation calibration method has the highest detection efficiency and fewer influencing factors, and is suitable for manual and digital radon detector calibration. The vacuum calibration method is affected by the standard radon gas diluted by pipeline gas and pressure balance, resulting in low negative pressure sampling efficiency and high volume activity response coefficient R. As for the flow-gas calibration method, the continuous injecting of radon gas into the scintillation chamber affects the dynamic stability of radon gas in the scintillation chamber, and radon gas is not discharged to the background during calibration, resulting in the high volume activity response coefficient R and high intrinsic error.ConclusionsThe cyclic method is more suitable for the calibration of new seismic water radon observatories, and this study provides a reference for the calibration of other new water radon observatories and gas radon observatories.

299 samples of highland barley were collected from Gansu, Tibet, Qinghai and Sichuan provinces, 143 mycotoxins were analysed by HPLC-MS/MS. The results showed that 13 mycotoxins in the samples from every province were not beyond the standard, just only T-2 Toxin and Zearalenone found. The detection rate of T-2 toxin in some areas of Qinghai was 49.26%; The detection rates of T-2 toxin, and zearalenone (ZEN) in some areas of Sichuan were 13.89% and 8.33% respectively; The detection rate of T-2 toxin in Gansu Province was 16.67%, which was not over the standard; The detection rate of ZEN in Tibet was 3.09%. According to the analysis data, the detection rates of T-2 toxin and ZEN were significantly different under different harvest methods and storage conditions (P < 0.05).

Construction is a complex human–machine–environment system, and the quality and safety management during construction faces numerous challenges. As the new-generation information technology develops, digital twin now can be used in construction to improve the quality and safety management and promote smart construction in China. Computability and controllability of the whole construction process is expected to be achieved using the digital twin technology; digital management of construction sites can be realized using advanced sensing, computing, and other technologies. In this article, we first investigate the demand for the application of digital twin into the construction quality management and analyze the research status and problems of the application. Subsequently, we propose a next-generation construction quality and safety management system that is composed of product intelligent design for construction quality and safety control, intelligent sensing and analysis of construction quality and safety status, data-driven construction quality and safety control, and construction quality management and dynamic supervision. Furthermore, we propose suggestions for the application of digital twin technology in the construction industry in China from the aspects of management, technology, as well as standards and specifications.

Healthcare is an important component for poverty alleviation in China, and it requires constant efforts as this sector in the rural areas in China will remain underdeveloped and short of high-quality resources for a long time. Moreover, promoting healthy village construction is crucial for consolidating and expanding the key achievements obtained in poverty alleviation and for implementing the rural revitalization strategy in China. This study uses policy research, field research, data analysis, and expert discussion methods. We first summarize the practical needs for promoting healthy village construction and present the achievements and main problems regarding healthcare improvement for poverty alleviation. Subsequently, we explore the development objectives and key tasks for healthy village construction and propose several countermeasures prospectively. To prevent the population that have been lifted out of poverty from returning to it due to illness and better meet their diverse needs for health, we suggest that China should (1) increase government financial investment and scientifically optimize the layout of health resources and human resources; (2) provide health services based on the whole life cycle and the whole process of health; (3) maximize the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine to draw a bottom line for epidemic prevention and control in rural areas; (4) ensure drug security based on the healthcare service coordination mechanism within the country region; (5) establish a regional adjustment and balancing mechanism for medical insurance funds to ensure the accuracy and fairness of health policies; and (6) conduct rural doctors training programs.

Objective To investigate the current status of nursing staffing based on nursing manager's perspective, and determine the key factors affecting the human resource allocation. Methods A total of 23 nursing managers in tertiary general hospitals in Chongqing were subjected by objective sampling during November 2020 and January 2021, and investigated by semi-structured in-depth interviews. Colaizzi phenomenological analysis was used for data analysis. Results Four themes were extracted as follows: ① The present nursing staffing in some departments did not meet the job demands; ② There coexisted shortage and misuse of high-quality nursing talents; ③ Public health emergencies had evidently affected nursing staffing; ④ Many factors must be taken into account for the allocation of nursing human resources. Conclusion In addition to the cost-effectiveness, nurse allocation should also consider many other factors comprehensively, and the nursing staffing pattern can be adjusted according to different clinical work needs and other comprehensive factors. Public emergencies have an obvious impact on nursing staffing, and the flexible nursing team should be established.

The shale gas exploration of marine-continental transitional facies in China has not yet gained a significant success. To analyze and predict the exploration prospect of transitional shale gas, the distribution, organic geochemical and reservoir characteristics of transitional shale in some key areas of China were compared. The transitional shale is widely distributed in China and is characterized by the thin thickness of single layer and the rapid variation of lithology. The kerogens of transitional shale are mainly of type Ⅲ. Except for carbonaceous mudstone, the total organic content is generally low, and the hydrocarbon generation potential is the lowest. The dominant pore types of transitional shale are inorganic pores and micro-fractures, while the organic pores on the other hand were not developed. The pore volume and pore specific surface area of transitional shale are lower than those of marine shale, the reservoir space is relatively insufficient, and the gas adsorption capacity is poor. Transitional shale has a remarkable high content of clay minerals, less brittle minerals, low porosity and permeability, and poor reservoir physical properties indicating unconducive for the late-stage development. Results show that marine shale is still the most favorable area for shale gas exploration, and the exploration prospect of shale gas in transitional facies may not be regarded as good as that of continental shale gas which has a higher thermal mature degree in some aspects.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of the eighth edition of AJCC stage Ⅲ gallbladder cancer (GBC). Methods We collected the clinical data and follow-up results of 3485 patients with AJCC 8th stage Ⅲ gallbladder cancer. Kaplan Meier survival curves of ⅢA and ⅢB, T3N0M0 (ⅢA), T1-2N1M0 (ⅢB) and T3N1M0 (ⅢB) were drawn and compared. Single factor analysis and Cox multiple factor regression analysis were used to analyze the relation between clinical characteristics, treatment plan, stage Ⅲ subtype and prognosis. Results One-year survival rate of stage ⅢB gallbladder cancer patients was 49.70%, higher than those of stage ⅢA(36.41%); the 1-year survival rate of stage T1-2N1M0 (ⅢB) gallbladder cancer patients was 65.52%, higher than those of stage T3N0M0 (ⅢA) (36.41%) and stage T3N1M0 (ⅢB) (37.05%). According to Cox multivariate analysis, age, tumor grade, tumor size, operation mode, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, AJCC 8th TNM specific subtype and T stage were independent related factors affecting the prognosis of stage Ⅲ GBC patients (P < 0.01). Conclusion The overall survival of stage ⅢB GBC is better than that of stage ⅢA. The risk of stage Ⅲ GBC death was T1-2N1M0 (ⅢB) < T3N0M0 (ⅢA) < T3N1M0 (ⅢB). Radical cholecystectomy (number of dissected lymph node≥6), radiotherapy and chemotherapy are beneficial to the improvement of prognosis of stage Ⅲ GBC patients.

A neural network (NN)-based decoding algorithm of block Markov superposition transmission (BMST) was researched.The decoders of the basic code with different network structures and representations of training data were implemented using NN.Integrating the NN-based decoder of the basic code in an iterative manner,a sliding window decoding algorithm was presented.To analyze the bit error rate (BER) performance,the genie-aided (GA) lower bounds were presented.The NN-based decoding algorithm of the BMST provides a possible way to apply NN to decode long codes.That means the part of the conventional decoder could be replaced by the NN.Numerical results show that the NN-based decoder of basic code can achieve the BER performance of the maximum likelihood (ML) decoder.For the BMST codes,BER performance of the NN-based decoding algorithm matches well with the GA lower bound and exhibits an extra coding gain.

Block Markov superposition transmission scheme was used over channels with symmetric alpha-stable (SαS) impulsive noise.Based on the equivalent genie-aided system,the lower bound of the block Markov superposition transmission system was analyzed.Numerical simulations over non-Gaussian impulsive channels with different characteristic exponents show that,in the low bit-error rate region,performance of the block Markov superposition transmission system matches well with the lower bound.Block Markov superposition transmission scheme performs well (with 0.85 dB away from Shannon limits at the BER of 10-5) over non-Gaussian impulsive channels.

An accelerated life test is designed and a kind of analysis method for solenoid valve failure based on multi-physics finite element model is put forward due to the uncertainty of failure mechanism and the lack of effective means to analyze faults. Firstly, the model of temperature field is built based on ANSYS finite element software and the temperature distribution of components is calculated. Then, the temperature is added to the mechanical stress field as the new load and the coupling stress is received based on the combined action of thermal stress and mechanical stress. Finally, a kind of degradation failure mechanism of the solenoid valve, through the comparison of experimental data and simulation results, is obtained based on the comprehensive analysis of temperature and coupling stress. The result shows the high temperature produced by coils can fail the insulation between coil wires. Meanwhile, the coupling effect of thermal stress caused by high temperature and the mechanical stress can squeeze coils resulting in the continuous short-circuit of coils. When the electromagnetic force of iron core is lower than its threshold, the iron core will not overcome the elasticity to move up and down and finally the failure of the SV will happen. This prediction method can be widely applied to the other fault diagnosis types of degradation failure of solenoid valves. The result can be provided for the optimization and researched on prolonging life of the solenoid valve.

BackgroundTritium leakage is a typical nuclear accident scene, which is harmful to human and environment. Therefore, numerical simulation of tritium leakage is of significance to nuclear accident emergency decision making.PurposeThis study aims at the numerical simulation of high-pressure tritium leakage.MethodsA numerical simulation method based on AN-EOS model was proposed to solve the problem of tritium leakage from high pressure storage vessels. The AN-EOS model embedded into Fluent by user defined functions was used to describe the tritium leakage transient behavior. The leakage process of tritium and variation rule of concentration were simulated in closed and ventilated environment based on Fluent.ResultsThe results show that the concentration of tritium increases rapidly when the leakage occurs. After stopping leakage, the concentration of tritium in a closed environment increases first and then stabilizes, and gradually decreases in ventilated environment.ConclusionsVentilation has a significant effect on the diffusion of tritium gas, which can effectively achieve the purpose of tritium removal.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a progressive disease, which is mainly manifested by knee joint pain, stiffness, restricted flexion and extension, joint instability, decreased motor control, and low proprioception. KOA significantly impacts an individual's overall health and quality of life. The increasing incidence rate of KOA in China indicates the importance of related rehabilitation research and practice. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) rehabilitation places an emphasis on the function and differential diagnosis, which has inherent characteristics and advantages for KOA treatment. Based on previous literature and clinical TCM knowledge of KOA dysfunction, our research team summarized KOA syndromes into five categories:"comorbidity of tendons with bones", "coexistence of arthralgia and flaccidity", "mixture of asthenia with sthenia", "imbalance between dynamic and static statuses", and"disorder between hardness and softness". At different KOA stages, the comorbidity of tendons with bones is the basic pathogenic characteristic of KOA dysfunction, which focuses on disease location and extends throughout the KOA process; coexistence of arthralgia and flaccidity, and mixture of asthenia with sthenia emphasize the basic characteristic of KOA dysfunction; imbalance between dynamic and static statuses is the main factor of KOA relapse and aggravation, which focuses on KOA etiology; disorder between hardness and softness emphasizes both syndrome and etiology, indicating the disorder between bones and tendons. TCM rehabilitation theory for KOA and serves as a reference and clinical guidance for its rehabilitation treatment. The analysis attempts to further improve the TCM rehabilitation theory for KOA and provides a reference for its rehabilitation treatment.

Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling technique has received much attention recently as an effective way of enhancing the spectral efficiency.In order to reduce the detection complexity for FTN signals,a multi-layer superposition transmission approach was present.In addition,how to calculate upper bounds on the highest information transmission rate was shown and how to choose suitable component codes was suggested.Numerical results show that the system with different code rates and power on each layer outperforms the system with only power variance on each layer,meanwhile results also imply that given the roll-off factor of the pulse shaping function is not zero,the proposed system is superior to the orthogonal system with a higher modulation format.

Based on the equivalent genie-aided system,the bit-error rate of the block Markov superposition transmission system was analyzed and the union bound of the bit-error rate of the genie-aided system was derived.When the bit-error rate was extremely low at which the Monte Carlo simulation was time-consuming,the union bound could be adopted to evaluate the performance of the block Markov superposition transmission system.Simulations under turbulence conditions from weak to strong are performed which show that,in the low bit-error rate region,performance of the block Markov superposition transmission system matches well with the lower bound.It is also illustrated that the derived union bound matches well with Monte Carlo simulation result.At the BER of 10-5,block Markov superposition transmission system with transmission memory 2 performs within 1 dB away from the Shannon limit.

Analyzing the working principle of Hydro-mechanical Continuously Variable Transmission（ HMCVT）,and studying a HMCVT for water-dry dual-purpose high-power tractor. To design a scheme for this HMCVT accord to the complex working requirements of the water-dry dual-purpose tractor,and then to make simulation analysis of the dynamic characteristic based on the MATLAB software platform. The simulation results show that the water-dry dual-use large power tractor equipped with the HMCVT can work when runs in the water-dry land,realizing the continuous velocity.

According to the demand of outdoor rubbish advertisement cleaning,the design idea of a portable garbage advertisement cleaning machine is put forward. Its structure and function are designed and analyzed. The cleaning machine is mainly composed of a floating brush,a guide rod and a box. Driven by electricity,the brush rotates at the speed of 3000 r / min.The static method is used to analyze the stress of the brush and the guide rod,the mathematical model of brush is established,and the optimum solution of brush size and motor power is obtained by using MATLAB. the three-dimensional solid model of the cleaning machine is established by pro / E,static and modal analysis of brush are completed using ANSYS. The results showed that the stress is less than the allowable stress,And the stiffness was preferably,it is satisfied to design requirements. It provided a new method and idea for the research of this kind of cleaning machine.

According to the meshing and forming principle,the tooth surface equation of spiral bevel gear is established. The spiral bevel gear loaded contact analysis is carried out by using finite element method,and the contact positive pressure,relative sliding speed and friction coefficient of the tooth surface 10 meshing points are obtained. By applying heat transfer theory and based on the analysis of the friction heat and the heat conduction parameters,the finite element model of the unsteady temperature field of spiral bevel gear is established,and the simulation analysis of the tooth surface temperature field distribution and its variation with time during the dry running is carried out. The results show that during the initial stage of the dry running of the spiral bevel gear,with the increasing of the meshing period,the tooth surface temperature rising rapidly,and then rising slowly,the temperature rising is accompanied by fluctuations which correspond to the meshing cycle. The increasing of the meshing speed prolongs the time that temperature rise rapidly,and it leads more significant temperature rising at the same time.

The Jiangxi Lengshuikeng ore field, characterized as porphyry deposits and volcanic sedimentary hydrothermal reworking deposits, is one of the major Ag-Pb-Zn ore concentration areas in Wuyi Mountain area. There has been much research carried out on mineralization, the metallogenic model, and ore-controlling structure of the Lengshuikeng deposit. However, it is still unclear about the relationship of different geological bodies with mineralization and magmatism. In this paper, a description of a zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology approach and its implementation on the volcanic rock of Daguding Formation and ore-bearing granite porphyry is given. The crystal tuffs from the top and bottom of Daguding Formation and ore bearing granite porphyry yield U-Pb age of 161.3±1.3 Ma, 160.75±0.96 Ma and 168.09±0.80 Ma, respectively. These results indicate that there were three stages of volcano-magmatic activities in the Lengshuikeng ore field with ages of 164-170 Ma, 157-161 Ma, and 140-146 Ma, respectively. The 157-161 Ma is the main metallogenic epoch of the volcanic sedimentary-hydrothermal reworking type deposit and porphyry type deposit. The discovery of the late Jurassic volcanic rocks in Lengshuikeng provides the important geological evidence for the detailed study of the Mesozoic tectonic regime transition in South China.

For multi-channel cognitive radio network (CRN), the inconsistent transmission conditions of common control channel (CCC) and data channels deteriorate the performance of cognitive MAC protocols. Focusing on this problem, a novel channel aware multi-channel cognitive MAC protocol (CAM-MAC) was proposed, which consists of two-level four-way handshaking mechanism. The first level two-way handshaking was optimized to reduce the mean successful reservation time on CCC. The other level two-way handshaking was implemented by a cross-layer approach to adopt the adaptive transmission based on instantaneous SNR on each Nakagami fading data channel to improve the data rate. These mechanisms improve the performance of CAM-MAC. Simulation results validate the throughput of CAM-MAC outper-forms that of the existing one, about 50% improvement in the throughput under certain conditions.