Search

[Introduction] The new generation of the Internet of Things (IoT) is being fostered in the era of Internet of Everything (IoE), realizing its diverse development by selecting and combining new information, functions, and applications. The Energy Internet of Things (Energy IoT) which is based on IoT, envisions a future where physical things are connected through a dynamic network that exchanges information and energy. The Energy IoT is giving rise to new service models and methods for organizing, exchanging, and managing energy; It covers not only new concepts such as Energy-as-a-Service and Prosumer, but also leads to innovative applications in smart buildings, intelligent metering, smart grids, distributed energy, virtual power plants and more. [Method] This paper analyzed the current status of the Energy IoT, including its key industry drivers, potential technologies and applications, challenges and related research areas. [Result] This paper discusses and compares the definitions of Energy Internet and Energy IoT from academic and industry perspectives. And it analyzes some major stages and issues of future research in the Energy IoT. [Conclusion] This paper provides a useful reference for further research and practical applications in the field of Energy IoT.

Dermatopathology training is a crucial aspect of the education and training of residents in dermatology and venereology, while interpretation of pathological sections is essential for this training. We employ the general pattern teaching method to enhance teaching quality, focusing on initial observation of sections with the naked eye and low-power lens to deduce biopsy sites and diagnose diseases based on image outline and color contrast. Diseases which can be diagnosed by general pattern analysis can be categorized into six groups: changes in the epidermis, mass-like hyperplasia and band-like changes in the dermis, changes in the fat layer, unique shape, and vascular proliferation. Some of these major categories can be further divided into subgroups. There are a total 18 common pathological patterns, including 53 prevalent skin diseases, 26 of which are required to be mastered according to the training guideline. The general pattern teaching method in combination with informative content and an engaging approach can effectively stimulate residents' enthusiasm for learning skin pathology and enhance their educational experience, leading to the improvement of outcome of dermatopathology training programs for residents in dermatology and venereology.

The nutritional components of Spirulina residue were determined and evaluated. The insoluble dietary fiber was prepared by alkaline acid treatment from algae residue. The swelling capacity, water holding capacity and grease holding capacity were determined. Insoluble dietary fiber was obtained from Spirulina residue after extraction of phycobiliprotein by alkali acid treatment. Its swelling capacity, water retention capacity and oil retention capacity were measured. The adsorption capacity of dietary fiber for sodium cholate and NO2– was studied. The adsorption capacity of sodium cholic acid and NO2- by dietary fiber was researched. The results indicated that algae residue was rich in nutrients, mainly including protein, carbohydrate and water. The content of phosphorus, magnesium and calcium in minerals was the highest. Algae residue was rich in essential amino acids (lysine, valine, leucine and isoleucine) and non essential amino acids (arginine, glutamine and glutamate). The insoluble dietary fiber had a certain water holding capacity, grease holding capacity and swelling capacity, and the adsorption capacity of sodium cholic acid was relatively obvious. In the simulated human gastric fluid environment of pH=2, it had better adsorption on NO2–. This study results will provide a basis for the high value utilization of Spirulina residue.

Ottelia cordata is a kind of rare and endangered submerged plant that grows in freshwater wetlands in northern Hainan Island, from Haikou to Wenchang in China. This species is known for its beautiful appearance and the distinct “flower river” landscape, which makes it a high ornamental value. With the intensification of human activities, the habitat of O. cordata has been sharply reduced and fragmented, leading to its endangerment. In order to explore the reproductive characteristics and reproductive laws of O. cordata, the flower morphology, sex ratio, pollen viability, stigma receptivity, reflectance spectrum, pollen limitation and apomixis, and the types and behaviors of pollinators in O. cordata were analyzed. That is, the pollination biology of O. cordata were studied for its further in-situ and ex-situ conservation. The results were as follows: (1) The flowers were dioecism, and the sex ratio of female and male individuals was about 1∶2; the morphologies of male and female flowers were similar, and the female flowers were slightly larger than the male. (2) O. cordata had high pollen viability and stigma receptivity in budding and blooming phases. (3) Apis cerana was the main pollinator of Ottelia cordata, which visited male flowers more frequently than female flowers, with higher pollination efficiency. (4) The distance between the color loci of pistils and stamens was significantly higher than the discrimination threshold of Apis cerana. (5) The fruit setting percentage under natural pollination was similar to that under artificial pollination (95.29% and 98.42%, respectively), and there was no apomixis and low pollen limitation in the natural population of Ottelia cordata. In conclusion, the deceptive pollination of O. cordata simulated by both sexes is imperfect. Pollinators can visually distinguish female and male flowers. However, the large number of male flowers of O. cordata attracted many insects to visit flowers, which increases the probability of “mistake” pollination and is enough for the reproductive needs of female flowers. Therefore, future ex-situ conservation and artificial population restoration should pay more attention to population size, sex ratio and the number of local pollinators.

Health equity can narrow the health gap between different groups and enable citizens to enjoy fair health services. Clinical practice guideline makers have been paying more and more attention to health equity, and exploring and applying the consideration to the development of corresponding guidelines. However, existing clinical practice guideline development gives little consideration to the structured and systematic construction of health equity, and the guidance for future guidelines is limited. This paper aims to put forward methodological suggestions for in-depth consideration of health equity in clinical practice guideline development, withthe hope of providing reference for guideline developers.

To summarize the practice of Traditional Chinese medicine nursing rounds based on integration of medical care model for a patient with severe acute biliary pancreatitis. Doctors and nurses in charge developed the nursing plan cooperatively, and nurses carried out targeted nursing interventions based on the analysis of disease prognosis, clinical lab examination and clinical symptoms. The nursing rounds based on integration of medical care model was conducive to the recovery of the patient. (本文总结1例重症急性胆源性胰腺炎患者的医护一体化中医护理查房经验。由主管医护共同参与制定护理计划, 实施护理干预措施, 分析患者疾病转归、化验指标以及临床症状改善情况等, 以加快患者排气排便, 促进病情恢复。)

Objective To explore the effect of vemurafenib (VEM) combined with chidamide (CDM) on cellular senescence in secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). Methods sAML cell lines SKM-1 and MOLM-13 were divided into control group (sAML cells), VEM group (sAML cells treated with VEM), CDM group (sAML cells treated with CDM), and COM group (sAML cells treated with VEM combined with CDM)(n=3). CCK-8 assay was used to measure the viability of sAML cells. Immunofluorescence assay was used to verified the cellular senescence of sAML cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis of sAML cells. Network pharmacology and RT-qPCR were used to analyze and verify the mechanism of VEM combined with CDM. Results VEM inhibited the proliferation of sAML cells lines in a time- and dose-dependent manner(P < 0.05), the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of VEM on SKM-1 and MOLM-13 cells was 24.15±1.18 and 11.30±0.38 μmol/L(P < 0.0001), respectively. VEM (SKM-1: 1/3 IC50-VEM, MOLM-13: 1/2 IC50-VEM) combined with CDM synergistically promoted sAML cellular senescence by upregulating TRF2 and Lamin B1, characterized cycle stagnation in G0/G1 phase(P < 0.05), inhibiting cell proliferation(P < 0.01) and promoting cell apoptosis (P < 0.05). Swiss Target Predict, TargetNe, SEA and PharmMapper discovered the core targets and signaling pathways of VEM collaborating with CDM. RT-qPCR verified that VEM collaborated with CDM to promote senescence of sAML cells through inhibiting PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways(P < 0.05). Conclusion VEM combined with CDM can induce cellular senescence of sAML cells by downregulating PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways, inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis of sAML cells. VEM combined with CDM might be a new regime for patients with sAML.

In view of the different needs of different nationalities and individuals for make-up color, 110 kinds of toners of pant color card were used as the basis of color matching, and four kinds of toners, such as titanium dioxide, iron oxide yellow, iron oxide red and iron oxide black, were selected for color matching. The LAB of the palette samples was tested separately, and then the models were modeled by means of linear regression, polynomial regression and mixture design. The comparison results showed that the adjusted R-squares of linear regression results were all greater than 0.914, and p values were all less than 0.01; the adjusted R-squares of polynomial regression results were all greater than 0.920, and p values were all less than 0.01; while the R-squares of mixture design simulation results were all greater than 0.989, and p values were all less than 0.01. The results showed that the simulation values and the measured values of the model had good fitting, which could be used as the key reference model in the color matching of the formula, and indicative of accurate prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the psychological state of nursing personnel under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, and analyze relevant factors in order to provide a basis for nursing managers to carry out human resource management. Methods A survey of 256 nurses in a tertiary hospital was conducted using a general questionnaire, an anxiety self-assessment scale (SAS), and a general happiness scale (GWB). Results The total average score of anxiety in 256 nurses was (48. 37±11. 30) and the overall average score of overall happiness was (73. 99±14. 34). Year of service was a major factor affecting the state of psychological anxiety of caregivers. Overall happiness was associated with anxiety, and a decrease in anxiety increases happiness. Conclusion The survey results showed that there were different degrees of anxiety among nursing personnel under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, and nursing managers should pay attention to the mental health of nursing personnel, strengthen the psychological knowledge learning of nursing personnel and timely psychological counseling, improve the overall happiness of nursing personnel, and then improve the overall psychological level of nursing staff. (目的 调查常态化疫情防控期间护理人员心理状态, 分析相关因素, 以期为护理管理者开展人力资源管理提供依据。方法 采用一般资料问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和总体幸福感量(GWB)表对某三甲医院256名护士进行调查。结果256名护士焦虑总均分为(43. 37±11. 30)分, 总体幸福感总均分为(73. 99±14. 34)分。工作年限是影响护理人员心理焦虑状态的主要因素。总体幸福感与焦虑有关, 焦虑感降低则幸福感增强。结论 常态化疫情防控期间护理人员存在不同程度的焦虑, 护理管理者应关注护理人员心理健康, 加强护理人员的心理知识学习以及及时进行心理疏导, 提高护理人员总体幸福感, 进而提高护士人员整体心理水平。)

In order to ensure safety and efficient state of nuclear power plant in the long time operation, it is necessary to figure out the acceptance table of defects of the primary loop to meet the requirement of rapid assessment in engineering. It is necessary to do the fracture mechanics and plastic limit load analysis for the cracked pipe. Through numerical simulation analysis, the rationality of adopting plastic limit load as the critical state of austenitic stainless steel structure with good fracture toughness is demonstrated. Based on the criterion of non-decreasing the plastic limit load in design state, the acceptance standard of defects for the austenitic stainless steel pipe is established in this paper. The results show that the defect acceptance size of the primary circuit pipe is close to that in the ASME code, but much larger than that of the RSE-M code, and the RSE-M code is too conservative.

With the method of space-flight breeding, a new strain of Spirulina Platensis mutant H11 was cultivated. Active ingredients polyphenols were extracted from Spirulina Platensis with ethanol. The DPPH and ABTS assays were used to detect the antioxidative and free radical-scavenging capacity of polyphenols. The results showed that the total polyphenol contents of wild type and mutant Spirulina Platensis were 59.774 µg/g (dry weight) and 87.881 µg/g (dry weight), respectively. The DPPH scavenging rates (IC50) of wild type and mutant Spirulina Platensis were 8.931 and 2.076 µg/mL, and the ABTS scavenging rates (IC50) of wild type and mutant Spirulina Platensis were 1.292 and 0.355 µg/mL, respectively; the DPPH scavenging rates (IC50) of ascorbic acid, D-α-tocopherol and Trolox were 4.084, 10.309 and 6.452 µg/mL, respectively, and the ABTS scavenging rates (IC50) were correspondingly 0.204, 4.44 and 1.089 µg/mL. The mutant strain showed stronger DPPH and ABTS scavenging capacity than wild type Spirulina Platensis, and the antioxidant effect of mutant Spirulina Platensis was stronger than or close to that of ascorbic acid, D-α-tocopherol and Trolox. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one of the important pathways of material and energy flow between plant and soil system, litterfall plays a key role in the process of vegetation and soil restoration in ecologically fragile region. To explore the inter- and intra-annual dynamics of litter production and related regulatory factors at different habitats in sandy land ecosystem, we investigated the litter production during nine continuous growing seasons, while the air temperature and precipitation were measured over mobile dune, fixed dune, and grassland in Horqin Sandy Land. The results showed that annual litter production at different habitants were in the order of mobile dune (9.01 g ⋅ m-2) < fixed dune (67.46 g ⋅ m-2) < grassland (119.55 g ⋅ m-2). The inter-annual dynamics of litterfall fluctuated significantly, with a double-peak curve in fixed dune and "W" curve in grassland. The intra-annual variation of litterfall exhibited a "U" curve at all the three habitats, with peaks appearing in April and September, respectively. Precipitation and temperature had significant effects on the intra-annul dynamics of litterfall production in fixed sand dune and grassland, but had no significant effect on the inter-annual dynamics of litter production at three habitats. Temperature was the major factor affecting the dynamics of the litter fall during the growing season in Horqin Sandy Land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on relevant statistical yearbook and with an integrated method, the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of farmers and herdsmen during the period from 2000 to 2012 in Tibet Autonomous Region, China were studied. The results showed that the ecological status of farmers and herdsmen were in a surplus state during the study period, but the surplus amount exhibited a decreasing tendency. The ecological capacity decreased from 7.49 hm2 in 2000 to 6.35 hm2 in 2012, with a decrease of 15.3%, while the ecological footprint increased gradually from 1.03 hm2 in 2000 to 1.26 hm2 in 2012. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The code rolling technology has the characteristics of variability, intercept resisting, higher security and higher reliability, and it is widely used in vehicle anti-theft alarm system. Based on AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) encryption algorithm and considering the actual application of the system, a code rolling method is proposed and applied in vehicle anti-theft system. The tests prove that the method is safe and reliable, and has lower resource consumption and higher efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water needs to be depleted to develop coalbed methane (CBM), the classification of desorption system is beneficial to enhance the overall development effect of CBM fields. Based on the production status of the CBM field with complex fault blocks, geological conditions of different gas reservoir and development effect caused by production technology in China, the desorption system was defined as one or several sets of coal seams vertically which can be mutual interference during development and one or multiple small fault blocks or small traps horizontally where reservoirs are connected through faults, collapse-columns, stress relief of goafs and mining areas, hydraulic fracturing and horizontal wells drilling. According to the production behavior analysis of typical desorption systems, several benefits of taking desorption system as the development units are recognized which include dividing development strata and units reasonably, controlling the depletion rate of production wells effectively to realize the fact of mainly gas production in wells in the structural high and water production in wells in the structural low, conducting dynamic analysis, adjusting development programs, optimizing well deployment, and enhancing CBM recovery and development effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the enrichment of hardware functions and the gradual maturity of software development environment, GPU is widely used in the field of general purpose computing, and GPU clusters are more and more used for scientific computing on huge amounts of data. However, GPU consumes more power than CPU, so the GPU clusters have large power consumption if every cluster node hosts a GPU. Virtualization technology makes it possible that GPU is used for general purpose computing in a virtual machine. For the sake of using GPU efficiently, according to the features of GPU, a multitask oriented GPU virtualization solution is proposed, which can support dynamic scheduling and multiuser concurrency. Based on the existed solutions of GPU virtualization, we establish CUDA manage end to manage the GPU resources by taking into account the virtual machine communication between domain generality and task's turnaround time. In order to achieve load balance and shorten the turnaround time, we set a value of integrated load evaluation. Through designing large scale matrix operations, we verify the feasibility and efficiency of GPU virtualization applied in the designed system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the investigation of biomass and the measurement of CO2 and CH4 fluxes, the CO2 exchanges between mangrove- and shoal wetland ecosystems and atmosphere in Guangzhou were studied, and the CO2 absorption capability of the wetlands vegetation net productivity as well as the carbon sink function of the wetlands under different waterlogged conditions (perennial, intermittent, and no water-logging) was analyzed. As for mangrove wetland ecosystem, its vegetation net productivity absorbed 33.74 t·hm-2·a-1 of CO2, and soil emitted 12.26 t·hm-2·a-1 of CO2 (including the greenhouse effect amount of CH4 converted into that of CO2), illustrating that mangrove wetland had a 21.48 t·hm-2·a-1 net absorption of CO2, being a strong carbon sink. For shoal wetland ecosystem, its vegetation net productivity absorbed 8.54 t·hm-2·a-1 of CO2, and soil emitted 5.88 t·hm-2·a-1 of CO2 and 0.19 t·hm-2·a-1 of CH4. If converting into carbon, the wetland absorbed 2.33 t C·hm-2·a-1, and soil emitted 1.74 t C·hm-2·a-1 (including the carbon in CH4), illustrating that shoal wetland fixed 0.59 t C·hm-2·a-1, being a weak carbon sink. If the greenhouse effect amount of CH4 was converted into that of CO2, the soil emitted 9.78 t·hm-2·a-1 of CO2, which was 1.24 t·hm-2·a-1 more than the absorption. As a result, shoal wetland was a weak carbon source. Between the two test greenhouse gases, CH4 was the main one emitted under perennial water-logging, while CO2 was that under no water-logging. Moreover, the wetland under perennial water-logging had the strongest carbon sink function, while that under no water-logging was in adverse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of biomass fuels is of great significance for reducing excessive dependence on fossil resources and global warming. Lignin is a complex aromatic biopolymer that is abundant in nature and can be used to produce high-value biomass fuels. However, due to its complex structure, the use of lignin to produce biomass fuels needs a variety of chemical reactions and catalysts, and the intermediates and products need to be separated many times, resulting in a low yield of products. Multifunctional catalysts can catalyze two or more chemical reactions at the same time; therefore, using them can simplify the preparation process and increase the yield of products. This paper reviewed the research progress of multifunctional catalysts used in the process of lignin hydrocracking, monomer hydrodeoxygenation, and monomer upgrading to polycyclic high-value products, including sulfide catalysts, noble metal elemental catalysts, non-noble metal elemental and alloy catalysts, and phosphide catalysts. Additionally, this work emphasized the interaction between hydrogenation centers (Ru, Pt, Pd, Co, Mo, and Ni) and acid centers (Al2O3, ZrO2, NbOPO4, zeolite, and mesoporous silicate) in hydrocracking and hydrodeoxygenation. Based on these, the difficulties of the current reactions were then summarized, and the next technical developing directions were anticipated, including those of the development of biomass fuel synthesis methods with more mild reaction conditions and preparation of catalysts with higher activity, higher hydrothermal stability, and lower price. This paper hopes that new methods can reduce the amount of hydrogen, decrease the reaction temperature, and converse lignin to high-value fuels in a one-pot method. Moreover, most research on biomass fuels is still in the laboratory research stage. To realize the large-scale industrial production of biomass fuels and replace petroleum fuels, more in-depth research, perfect supporting facilities, and relevant policies and measures are needed.

BACKGROUND Polymetallic nodules are predominant in deep sea sedimentary mineral resources due to the enrichment of many critical metals. Polymetallic nodules are loose and porous, which is the critical material feature that contributes the adsorption of trace metals from seawater and pore water and then enrichment and mineralization. Therefore, specific surface area (SSA) is one of the key factors for studying the ore-forming process of polymetallic nodules. At present, the methods for SSA determination are well-developed. However, they are less applied in the analysis of the specific surface of polymetallic nodules, and the pretreatment conditions are not constant according to various research targets. OBJECTIVES In order to explore the pretreatment conditions for the BET SSA analysis of polymetallic nodules, and provide necessary parameters for the study of the enrichment of trace metals in polymetallic nodules. METHODS Polymetallic nodules from the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans were collected. The pretreatment conditions including temperature, duration, and particle size for SSA analysis of polymetallic nodules were studies by applying temperature programming, heating accumulation, and particle size comparing methods. RESULTS The results showed that the analysis values of SSA reached plateau when the heating temperature ranged from 210℃to 350℃. The analysis values of SSA remained constant after heating for 3 hours by a step of 1 hour at 210℃. The SSA values of samples with a size of several millimeters were 1.027-28.535m2/g higher compared with those of the same samples crushed into microns. CONCLUSIONS Reliable SSA values can be obtained when the polymetallic nodules with sizes of several millimeters are heated in a vacuum system for 3 hours at 210℃, which is the pretreatment condition for analyzing SSA of mineralization-related polymetallic nodules.

Vehicles report traffic information mutually by self-organized manner in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET),and the message need to be identified in the open network environment.However,it is very difficult for fast moving ve-hicles to detect a lot of traffic alert information in a short time.To solve this problem,a false traffic message detection method was presented based on weak classifiers integration.Firstly,the effective features of traffic alert information was extended and segmentation rules were designed to divide the information feature set into multiple feature subsets,then the corresponding weak classifiers were used to process feature subsets respectively according to the different character-istics of the subsets' features.Simulation experiments and performance analysis show that the selected weak classifiers integration method reduces the detection time,and because of the application of combined features,the detection rate is better than the test of using only some of the characteristics.

Existing models for measuring user social influence fail to integrate both opinion and topic information.Therefore,a new constrained nonnegative tensor factorization method combining user’s opinion and the topical relevance was proposed.The method represented user’s comment relations as 3-order tensor,factorized the comments tensor constrained by Laplacian topical matrix,and then measures user influence according to the latent factors resulting from the tensor factorization.Thus,the new method not only was capable to effectively calculate the strength of user social influence on given topic,but also kept the polarity allocation of social influence.The experimental result shows that the performance of the proposed method is better than that of the baseline methods such as OOLAM,TwitterRank,etc.

This study explores the effects and mechanisms of Modified Xiaoyao Powder on the intestinal barrier and intestinal flora in mice with metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD) based on the &quot; gut-liver axis&quot;. Sixty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, bifidobacterium tetrad tablet group(SQ), and Modified Xiaoyao Powder groups with low,medium and high doses(XL, XM, XH), with 10 mice in each group. All the mice were administrated with a high-fat diet to build the MAFLD model except the normal group and then treated with related drugs for 12 weeks. Body mass, liver wet weight, and liver index were detected. Serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), total cholesterol(TC), triacylglycerol(TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)levels were detected using the biochemical kits. The contents of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin(IL-6) in the liver were tested simultaneously. The morphological changes of the liver and intestine were observed using hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and oil red O staining. The goblet cells in the ileum were detected by periodic acid Schiff and alcian blue stain(AB-PAS) staining.The expression of zonula occludens-1(ZO-1), recombinant occludin(occludin), and recombinant claudin 1(claudin-1) in ileum and colon were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The changes of intestinal flora in mice were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that compared with the normal group, body weight, liver wet weight and liver index in the model group increased. The contents of TC, TG, ALT, AST, LDL-C, and LPS in the serum of the model group increased, while HDL-C decreased. Meanwhile, the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in liver tissue increased and liver lipid accumulation increased, indicating successful model induction. Compared with the model group, body weight, liver wet weight, and liver index were decreased in XM,XH groups and SQ group. Serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, ALT and AST in XM group and SQ group were significantly decreased,and HDL-C levels were increased. The levels of IL-6, TNF-α in liver tissue and serum LPS in the XL, XM groups and SQ group were significantly decreased. The protein expression of claudin-1, occludin and ZO-1 in XL, XM groups and SQ group were increased. The analysis of intestinal flora showed that compared with the model group, Modified Xiaoyao Powder with a medium dose could significantly improve the richness and diversity of intestinal flora in mice. At the phylum level, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes(F/B) ratio decreased; at the genus level, Lactobacillus, Brautella, Bacteroides, and Ackermannia increased, while Prevotella, Desulfovibrio and Turicibacter decreased. The main differential species were Odorbacteraceaeae and Peptostreptococcaceae. In conclusion, Modified Xiaoyao Powder could inhibit inflammation, regulate intestinal flora homeostasis, and promote the repair of the intestinal mucosal barrier in mice with MAFLD.

The natural abundance of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) in leaves can provide comprehensive information on the physiological and ecological processes of plants and has been widely used in ecological research. However, recent studies on leaf δ 13 C and δ 15 N have focused mainly on woody species, few studies have been conducted on herbs in different vegetation types, and their differences and driving factors are still unclear. In this study, we focused on the herbs in subalpine coniferous forests, alpine shrublands, and alpine mea-dows on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and investigated the differences in leaf δ 13 C and δ 15 N of herbs and the driving factors. The results showed that there were significant differences in leaf δ 13 C and δ 15 N values of herbs among different vegetation types, with the highest δ 13 C and δ 15 N values in alpine meadows, followed by alpine shrublands, and the lowest in subalpine coniferous forests. Using variation partitioning analysis, we revealed that differences in leaf δ 13 C and δ 15 N of herbs among various vegetation types were driven by both leaf functional traits and climate factors, with the contribution of leaf functional traits being relatively higher than that of climate factors. Hierarchical partitioning results indicated that mean annual temperature (MAT), chlorophyll content index, leaf nitrogen content per unit area (N area ), and leaf mass per area were the main drivers of leaf δ 13 C variations of herbs across different vegetation types, while the relative importance of N area and MAT for variation in leaf δ 15 N of herbs was much higher than those other variables. There was a strong coupling relationship between leaf δ 13 C and δ 15 N as indicated by the result of the ordinary least squares regression. Our findings could provide new insights into understanding the key drivers of leaf δ 13 C and δ 15 N variations in herbs across different vegetation types.

The incidence of insomnia has been increasing in recent years. In addition, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, more and more people are experiencing a variety of insomniac problems, including having difficulty in sleep initation, waking up too early, and short sleep duration. Chronic insomnia may seriously affect patients' life and work, increase their risks of developing physical and mental illnesses, and cause crushing social and economic burdens. Sedative-hypnotics, including benzodiazepine agonists, melatonin receptor agonists, orexin receptor antagonists, and antidepressants with hypnotic effects, are widely used to treat most patients suffering from insomnia. However, there is the phenomenon of the non-medical use and abuse of sedative-hypnotic drugs, especially benzodiazepine receptor agonists. The abuse of sedative-hypnotic drugs may lead to mental and physical dependence, cognitive impairment, depression and anxiety, as well as an increased risks of falls and death. Therefore, drug regulatory authorities in China and other countries have issued relevant policies to reinforce regulation. Herein, we reviewed the prevalent use and safety of sedative-hypnotic drugs and proposed suggestions concerning their appropriate use. Both the efficacy and safety of sedative-hypnotic drugs should be carefully considered so that patients suffering from insomnia receive thorough and prompt treatment and the problem of potential abuse of sedative-hypnotic drugs is assessed in an objective and scientific manner. We also hope to provide references for the standardized clinical use of insomnia drugs., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).)

The stoichiometry characteristics of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) is an important indicator of soil quality and ecosystem nutrient limitations. Exploring the effects of land use type and soil depth on soil nutrient stoichiometry can clarify soil nutrient cycling. In this study, we collected soil samples from sites with five different land use types (irrigated cropland, rainfed cropland, sandy grassland, fixed dunes, and mobile dunes) in the Horqin Sandy Land, and evaluated the influences of land use type and soil depth on the contents and stoichiometry characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP). We found that: 1) SOC (3.23 g·kg -1 ), TN (0.37 g·kg -1 ), and TP (0.15 g·kg -1 ) contents and stoichiometry characteristics (C:N, C:P, N:P was 9.07, 25.56, 2.97, respectively) to a depth of 10 cm in the Horqin Sandy Land were significantly lower than the mean values of soils in China. 2) Soil stoichiometry characteristics differed significantly among land use types. The contents of SOC, TN, and TP to a depth of 100 cm were highest in irrigated cropland, followed by sandy grassland, rainfed cropland, fixed dunes, and mobile dunes. The C:N ratios in sandy grassland, irrigated cropland, and rainfed cropland were significantly higher than those in the fixed dune and mobile dune sites. C:P ratios in the sandy grassland, fixed dunes, irrigated cropland, and rainfed cropland were significantly higher than that in the mobile dunes. The N:P ratio differed little among the five land use types. 3) SOC and TN contents in the sandy grassland, fixed dunes, irrigated cropland, and rainfed cropland decreased with increasing soil depth. SOC, TN, and C:P in the mobile dunes and TP and C:N in all land use types showed no variation among depths. The C:P ratio of sandy grassland, fixed dunes, irrigated cropland, and rainfed cropland and the N:P ratio of sandy grassland decreased with increasing soil depth. 4) SOC, TN, and TP contents and the C:N ratio were significantly negatively correlated with the contents of medium and fine sands and with soil bulk density, but significantly positively correlated with silt+clay, and very fine sand contents. Desertification led to losses of SOC and nutrients in the Horqin Sandy Land, and exacerbated soil N deficiency. Inputs of water and ferti-lizer helped cropland to maintain a relatively high level of soil nutrients.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of the tarsal sinus approach combined with Herbert screw and minimally invasive calcaneal locking plate compared with traditional lateral L-shaped incision approach combined with plate internal fixation in the treatment of SandersⅡ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures., Methods: Total of 110 patients with SandersⅡ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures admitted from March 2018 to March 2020 were selected. There were 66 males and 44 females, ranging in age from 20 to 72 years old, with an average of (48.82±8.03) years old. There were 48 SandersⅡ patients and 62 Sanders Ⅲ patients, including 41 left calcaneal fractures and 69 right calcaneal fractures. According to the surgical approach, the patients were divided into the tarsal sinus approach group and the L-shaped incision approach group, 55 cases in each group. The L-shaped incision approach group was treated with traditional lateral L-shaped incision approach combined with internal fixation plate, while the sinus tarsal approach group was treated with tarsal sinus approach combined with Herbert screw and minimally invasive calcaneal locking plate. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay and time of fracture healing were recorded to evaluate the surgical effect. The B?hler angle, Gissane angle, calcaneal length and width of the patients before and after surgery were examined by X-ray and the surgical reduction was highly evaluated. Foot function recovery was evaluated by American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Maryland Scale, and postoperative complications were recorded., Results: All patients were followed up to 12 months after surgery, the operation time and hospitalization time of patients in the sinus tarsal approach group were shorter than those in the L-shaped incision approach group ( P <0.05), and the amount of intraoperative blood loss was lower than that in the L-shaped incision approach group( P <0.05). One year after surgery, B?hler angle, Gissane angle, calcaneus length and height were increased( P <0.05), calcaneus width was decreased ( P <0.05). One year after the operation, the Maryland scores of the two groups were increased( P <0.05). During the follow-up period, the incidence of postoperative complications (incision infection, joint pain, soft tissue injury) in the sinus tarsalapproach group was lower than that in the L-shaped incision approach group( P <0.05)., Conclusion: The traditional lateral L-shaped incision approach and the tarsal sinus approach are both good for the treatment of SandersⅡand Ⅲ calcaneal fractures, but the latter can shorten the surgical treatment time and reduce the incidence of complications.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of ultrasonic scaling and root planning(SRP) assisted by perioscope on gingival recession of maxillary lateral incisor., Methods: Thirty-six outpatients with moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis from the Department of Periodontology at Dental and Ophthalmic Clinic of Putuo District from June 2020 to December 2020 were collected as research objects. Periodontal treatment was carried out according to a single-blind split-mouth self-control design randomly with(experimental group, namely perioscope group) or without(control group, namely SRP group) periodontal endoscope．The labial periodontal probing depth (PD), labial attachment loss (AL) and gingival recession(GR) in the maxillary lateral incisors were recorded at baseline, 3 and 6 months, and compared among groups by SPSS 22.0 software package., Results: There was no significant difference between perioscope group and SRP group at baseline. ΔGR (the recession extent of gum within two observation time) in perioscope group was significantly smaller than that in SRP group at 3 months（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in other periodontal indicators at 3 and 6 months between the 2 groups after treatment, but it can be found that the degree of PD reduction and AL improvement in perioscope group was more than those in SRP group, this trend was most obvious at 3 months. PD and AL were significantly different between baseline and 3 months or 6 months in the two groups. There were significant differences in ΔGR at 3 months and 6 months between the two groups., Conclusions: Compared with routine SRP, the extent of root surface debridement with perioscope-assisted SRP is thorough and less invasive, and the reduction of gingival recession of labial surface of maxillary lateral incisor at 3 months is significantly less; thus, the aesthetic effect is prominent.

Purpose: To detect and analyze dental dust pollution in the department of prosthodontics and propose reasonable protective measures., Methods: Individual dust sampling pumps were used to detect the concentration of respirable dust produced by five common dental materials (hard resin base, advanced artificial teeth, photosensitive plastic, cobalt-chromium alloy, veneering ceramics) in the department of prosthodontics. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to detect the concentration of free silica respirable dust in veneer porcelain dust. Inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) was used to detect the thoracic dust of cobalt element and the inhalable dust concentration of chromium element in cobalt-chromium alloy dust. The results were compared with the occupational exposure limits set by China and the United States., Results: The respiratory dust concentration of the five common dusts in the department of prosthodontics was far lower than occupational exposure limits set by China and the United States. The concentration of free silica in veneer porcelain, cobalt and its compounds in cobalt-chromium alloys were below the lower detection limit. Chromium and its compounds can be detected, and its concentration was also far below the occupational exposure limit., Conclusions: Problem of dust pollution in the department of prosthodontics exists, which is mainly caused by heavy metal pollution (such as chromium). Protective measures such as ventilation and wearing professional mask should be taken to protect the health of dental practitioners.

Purpose: The aim of present study was to explore the effect of strontium ranelate (SrR) on the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)., Methods: Rat BMSCs were isolated and cultured in chondrogenic differentiation medium containing 0.25-2.0 mmol/L strontium ranelate. CCK-8 assay was used to study the influence of cell proliferation. Toluidine blue staining and alizarin blue staining were used to observe chondrogenic differentiation. Quantitative hydroxyproline (Hyp) activity assay was conducted. PCR and Western blots were used to detect the expression of related genes and proteins. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software package., Results: 0.25 mmol/L strontium ranelate did not inhibit the proliferation of BMSCs and promote the expression of chondroitin sulfate and proteoglycan. Hyp assay showed a higher content of collagen fibers in extracellular matrix in 0.25 mmol/L SrR treatment group. PCR and WB also showed up-regulated expression of Sox-9, Col-Ⅱ gene and protein, Aggrecan protein, and suppressed expression of MMP-9 gene., Conclusions: 0.25 mmol/L SrR could significantly promote chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs.

Total solar radiation is an important factor affecting carbon exchange in forest ecosystem. In order to understand the effects of radiation change on carbon exchange in Chinese fir plantation, long-term monitoring data of carbon dioxide flux and meteorological factors measured by open eddy covariance system and meteorological gradient observation system were used in this study. The clearness index ( k t on net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide (NEE) in the central subtropical Chinese fir plantation during the growing season (from April to October). The results showed that total solar radiation in clear sky was usually higher in the morning than that in the afternoon, and that NEE was lower in the morning than in the afternoon. Such difference in NEE reached the maximum when the solar elevation angle was about 50°. At the medium k (0.42-0.52), carbon absorption of Chinese fir plantation was the strongest. The ave-rage maximum relative change of NEE in 10 years in different solar elevation angles ranged from 11.0% to 29.4%, while the minimum and maximum critical values appeared at 35°-40° and 45°-50°, respectively. When t was at the moderate degree due to the existence of clouds, carbon absorption and diffuse photosynthetically active radiation of Chinese fir plantation reached the maximum, and the latter might be the main reason for the former. Moderate radiation condition with the presence of cloud clould promote NEE of Chinese fir plantation and lead to largest carbon absorption.k t (0.42-0.52), carbon absorption of Chinese fir plantation was the strongest. The ave-rage maximum relative change of NEE in 10 years in different solar elevation angles ranged from 11.0% to 29.4%, while the minimum and maximum critical values appeared at 35°-40° and 45°-50°, respectively. When k t was at the moderate degree due to the existence of clouds, carbon absorption and diffuse photosynthetically active radiation of Chinese fir plantation reached the maximum, and the latter might be the main reason for the former. Moderate radiation condition with the presence of cloud clould promote NEE of Chinese fir plantation and lead to largest carbon absorption.

Dendrobium huoshanense is a precious medicinal plant belonging to Dendrobium of Orchidaceae. It is a special medicinal material and extremely scarce in Huoshan county, Anhui province. At present, D. huoshanense has been greatly protected, which also makes it possible to industrialize relying on tissue culture and artificial cultivation technology. Three main planting methods were utilized for cultivating D. huoshanense including facility cultivation, under forest cultivation and simulative habitat cultivation. Firstly, the three cultivation modes and technical characteristics of D. huoshanense were compared and analyzed, and it was found that the ecological environment of D. huoshanense cultivated in the simulated environment was closer to that of wild D. huoshanense. Secondly, based on comparing the characters and quality of three cultivation modes, the results showed that the shape of D. huoshanense cultivated in simulated environment was more similar to that of &quot;grasshopper thigh&quot; recorded in Bencao Jing Jizhu, and its quality was better than that of facilities and under forest cultivation. The comprehensive benefit comparison of three modes showed that the simulated cultivation had high income, the lowest input-output ratio and significant economic benefit. The quality of cultivated D. huoshanense was further evaluated from four aspects of &quot;excellent environment&quot; &quot;excellent shape&quot; &quot;high quality&quot; &quot;excellent effect&quot;, which summarized the comprehensive advantages of simulative habitat cultivation of D. huoshanense as follows: the original habitat and site environment of simulated wild D. huoshanense, the closer shape to the wild, the more content of main medicinal components, and higher economic benefit and better efficacy. The quality of D. huoshanense was improved by the use of simulative habitat cultivation, which has practical significance to guide its large-scale cultivation.

In order to explore endophytes diversity and difference in Dendrobium huoshanense,in this paper,the metagenomics method was used to analyze the endophytic bacteria and fungi community of 5 groups include 30 samples in different growth years. The results indicate that 3 540 bacterial OTUs were identified from D. huoshanense,and there are 138 OTUs in 5 groups simultaneously;2 168 fungal OTUs were identified,and 143 OTUs exist in 5 groups simultaneously. The dominate endophytic bacteria community are Sphingomonas sp.,Acinetobacter sp.,Burkholderia sp.,Methylobacterium sp.,Enterococcus sp.,Bacillus sp.,the difference endophytic bacteria community are Oceanobacillusd sp.,Actinomycetospora sp.,Paenibacillus sp.. The dominate endophytic fungi community are Zasmidium sp.,Zymoseptoria sp.,Alternaria sp.,Cladosporium sp.,Fusarium sp.,the difference endophytic fungi community are Cyphellophore sp.,Fusarium sp.. The results of clustering revealed that both the endophytic bacteria and the endophytic fungi,ⅢY2 and ⅢY3 are complete clustered,and ⅡY1 and ⅢY1 are also cluster completely. These enriched the species and resources of endophytic bacteria and fungi in D. huoshanense,and provided a theoretical reference for the reasonable harvest of D. huoshanense.

As a modern dosage form drug with rapid effect, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injection has been more and more used in clinical practice. Meanwhile the safety of TCM injection has attracted more and more attention. The retrospective analysis on 74 cases of adverse reaction of TCM injections collected from 2007 to 2016 in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine showed that the proportion of men and women with adverse reactions was 0.54:1; the average age was 62.5 years old; 21 kinds of TCM injections were involved. Among them, the most reported were blood-regulating agents. The top four kinds of TCM injections with highest adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were Tanreqing injection, Danhong Injection, Shuxuening Injection and Xuesaitong for injection. The top three clinical manifestations of adverse reactions were lesions of skin and its appendages, damage of circulatory system and damage of nervous system. The potential causes of the adverse reactions of TCM injections were analyzed, and it was believed that individual difference, medicine, pharmaceutical excipients, solvent and TCM syndrome differentiation may be the main five causes for the adverse reactions of TCM injections. In order to reduce the adverse reactions of TCM injections, it is suggested that the clinical pharmacists should participate in the application management of TCM injections in the hospital; the production enterprises shall strengthen the whole life cycle management of the drugs; and at the same time, the drug control and administration authorities should improve the drug management methods constantly and encourage the development of TCM injections to the high quality level., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

As one of the important pathways of material and energy flow between plant and soil system, litterfall plays a key role in the process of vegetation and soil restoration in ecologically fragile region. To explore the inter- and intra-annual dynamics of litter production and related regulatory factors at different habitats in sandy land ecosystem, we investigated the litter production during nine continuous growing seasons, while the air temperature and precipitation were measured over mobile dune, fixed dune, and grassland in Horqin Sandy Land. The results showed that annual litter production at different habitants were in the order of mobile dune (9.01 g·m -2 ) ＜ fixed dune (67.46 g·m -2 ) ＜ grassland (119.55 g·m -2 ). The inter-annual dynamics of litterfall fluctuated significantly, with a double-peak curve in fixed dune and "W" curve in grassland. The intra-annual variation of litterfall exhibited a "U" curve at all the three habitats, with peaks appearing in April and September, respectively. Precipitation and temperature had significant effects on the intra-annul dynamics of litterfall production in fixed sand dune and grassland, but had no significant effect on the inter-annual dynamics of litter production at three habitats. Temperature was the major factor affecting the dynamics of the litter fall during the growing season in Horqin Sandy Land.

Goethite-humic acid complex was prepared in a suspension containing goethite and humic acid. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the crystal structure of this complex had no obvious changes compared to pure goethite, but the peak intensity of the complex was slightly reduced. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images indicated that the surface of the goethite was coated by particles of humic acid. Compared to the infra-red (IR) spectra of goethite and humic acid, the anti-vibrational frequencies of COO - and the vibrational frequencies of ≡Fe-OH decreased by 20 cm -1 and 9 cm -1 , respectively, while the vibrational frequencies of the associated hydroxyls increased by 10 cm -1 and the absorption band of carboxylic C-O and free hydroxyls almost disappeared. This indicates that the interactional mechanisms between goethite and humic acid include the monodentate coordination of Fe(Ⅲ) -carboxylate and hydrogen-bonds. Thermogravimetry/differential thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) analysis showed that the temperature of the weight loss peak for ≡Fe-OH in goethite and the complex were 258℃ and 276℃, respectively. This indicates that the coating of humic acid enhances the heat stability of ≡Fe-OH in goethite. Compared with humic acid, the temperature of the weight loss peak for aliphatic organics and aromatic organics in complex decreased by 60℃ and 26℃, respectively and the ratio of weight loss from aliphatic organics to aromatic organics in complex increased. This indicates that organics with a lower heat stability may be more easily adsorbed onto goethite and the affinity to goethite was higher for the aliphatic organics than for aromatic organics. After ultrasonic dispersion, the content of large particles (≥ 2 μm) decreased significantly for both goethite and humic acid, but the content and the size of large particles in the complex changed only slightly.

Purpose: To analyze and evaluate dust pollution in prosthodontic clinic and make proposal for reasonable protection., Methods: This study analyzed the particle size, element composition and dust concentration of 5 materials which were commonly used in dental restorations (veneering ceramics, cobalt-chromium alloy, photosensitive plastic, hard base resin, advanced artificial teeth) by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer（EDS） and dust concentration laser tester, in order to assess the effects of prosthodontic dust posed on medical staff health and put forward reasonable suggestions for prevention and control of dust pollution., Results: The particle size of veneering ceramics, cobalt-chromium alloy, photosensitive plastic, hard base resin and advanced artificial teeth was (2.15±3.00), (33.78±24.33), (7.78±11.86), (31.16±44.35) and (28.45±39.21)μm, respectively. The time weighted average respirable dust concentration of veneering ceramics was 0.393 mg/m 2 which was beyond the scope of national security., Conclusions: Dust pollution is serious in prosthodontic clinic to which we should pay more attention and take appropriate prevention measures.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis control and prevention in Yangxin County from 2004 to 2015, so as to provide the evidence for improving the work of schistosomiasis transmission interrupted and elimination in the future., Methods: According to the endemic types and endemic regularity of schistosomiasis in Yangxin County, the comprehensive control strategies were adopted, and the programs related to sanitation, water conservancy, forestry, and agriculture were implemented continuously. The schistosomiasis control effects in this county from 2004 to 2015 were analyzed and compared., Results: After the implementation of the schistosomiasis comprehensive control strategies in Yangxin County, the calculated number of patients reduced from 22 240 in 2004 to 1 471 in 2015, the infection rate of residents reduced from 8.57% in 2004 to 0.16% in 2015, the number of patients with acute schistosome infection reduced from 64 in 2004 to 0, and no cases of acute schistosomiasis found since 2009. The infection rate of cattle decreased from 8.87% in 2004 to 0. The area with Oncomelania hupensis snails and the area of susceptible zone reduced from 3 446.21 hm 2 and 1 111.59 hm 2 in 2004 to 2 285.75 hm 2 and 41.28 hm 2 in 2015 respectively, and the schistosome-infection rate of snails reduced from 0.76% in 2004 to 0., Conclusions: Since the comprehensive control strategy implemented from 2004, the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Yangxin County has decreased significantly. However, the harness force of the Fu River as well as the control of infection source of livestock still should be strengthened to consolidate the control achievement.

In this paper, we took the leaves of shrubland plants in rocky desertification area in Southwestern Hunan as the research object to analyze the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry characteristics for different functional groups and different grades of rocky desertification, i.e., light rocky desertification (LRD), moderate rocky desertification (MRD) and intense rocky desertification (IRD). The results showed that the average contents of N and P were 12.89 and 1.19 g·kg -1 , respectively, and N/P was 11.24 in common shrubland plants in the study area, which indicated that the growth of most plants were mainly limited by N. The content of N was declined in order of deciduous shrubs > evergreen shrubs > annual herbs > perennial herbs. The content of P and N/P were higher in deciduous shrubs than in perennial herbs. Significant differences were found among the main families of plants in terms of the contents of N, P and N/P in the study sites. The plants of Gramineae had the lowest contents of N and P, andtheir growth was mostly restricted by N, while Leguminosae had the highest content of N and N/P, and their productivity was majorly controlled by P. The contents of N and P in the leaves were significantly higher in dicotyledon plants and C3 plants than in monocotyledon plants and C4 plants, but the N/P was not significantly diffe-rent between these two plant categories. The nitrogen-fixing plants had higher content of N and N/P than the non-nitrogen-fixing plants, but the P content was not significantly different between these two plant groups. There were significant correlations between contents of N and P, N/P and N in all study plots. No significant correlation was found between N/P and P content in the examined rocky desertification sites, except for that in MRD. There were no significant differences of the contents of N, P and N/P under different grades of rocky desertification.

Objective: To discuss the effect of pericardial devascularization plus gastric fundus transaction in advance schistosomiasis patients with portal hypertension., Methods: Thirty-six advanced schistosomiasis patients with portal hypertension treated with devascularization plus gastric fundus transaction (a portal hypertension group), as well as 10 patients treated with modified Sugiura operation (a modified Sugiura operation group) in the Third People's Hospital of Yangxin County since 2006 were chosen as the observation objects, and the clinical effects of the two groups were observed and compared., Results: The operation time, indwelling time of stomach tube, time to taking food after operation, drainage tube removal time of the portal hypertension group were all shorten than those of the modified Sugiura operation group (all P ＜0.05). The hospitalization expenses of the two groups were (25 466.00 ± 2 888.48) Yuan and (34 517.10 ± 4 948.39) Yuan respectively, and the difference was also statistically significant ( P ＜0.05). The incidence rates of portal thrombosis of the portal hypertension group and modified Sugiura operation group were 33.33% (12/36) and 40.00% (4/10), respectively, and the incidence rates of rehaemorrhagia of the two groups 12 months after the operation were 16.67% (6/36) and 10.00% (1/10), respectively, but the differences had no statistically significance (both P ＞ 0.05). In addition, 1 case with delayed gastric emptying and 1 case with stomal leak of esophagus happened in the modified Sugiura operation group, while no corresponding complications happened in the portal hypertension group., Conclusions: Pericardial devascularization plus gastric fundus is a relatively easy procedure which has a good short-term clinical effect, and therefore it is suitable for application in primary hospitals. However, its long-term effect still needs further observation.

Objective: To study the possible effect of antepartum taurine supplementation in regulating the activity of Rho family factors and promoting the proliferation of neural stem cells in neonatal rats with fetal growth restriction (FGR), and to provide a basis for antepartum taurine supplementation to promote brain development in children with FGR., Methods: A total of 24 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, FGR, and taurine (n=8 each ). A rat model of FGR was established by food restriction throughout pregnancy. RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot were used to measure the expression of the specific intracellular markers for neural stem cells fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7), Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2), ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA), and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate (Rac)., Results: The FGR group had significantly lower OD value of FABP7-positive cells and mRNA and protein expression of FABP7 than the control group, and the taurine group had significantly higher OD value of FABP7-positive cells and mRNA and protein expression of FABP7 than the FGR group (P<0.05). The FGR group had significantly higher mRNA expression of RhoA and ROCK2 than the control group. The taurine group had significantly higher mRNA expression of RhoA and ROCK2 than the control group and significantly lower expression than the FGR group (P<0.05). The FGR group had significantly lower mRNA expression of Rac than the control group. The taurine group had significantly higher mRNA expression of Rac than the FGR and control groups (P<0.05). The FGR group had significantly higher protein expression of RhoA and ROCK2 than the control group. The taurine group had significantly lower protein expression of RhoA and ROCK2 than the FGR group (P<0.05)., Conclusions: Antepartum taurine supplementation can promote the proliferation of neural stem cells in rats with FGR, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of the activity of Rho family factors.

Objective: To develop a sensitive and reliable ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry ( UPLC-MS / MS) method for simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetics of protocatechuic acid, kaempferol biotin glucoside and quercitrin in rat plasma, and study their pharmacokinetic characteristics in rats., Methods: Three compounds were simultaneously determined by UPLC-MS / MS on Waters BEH C18( 50 mm × 2. 1 mm,1. 7 μm) column. The mobile phase was 0. 1% acetonitrile formic acid and0. 1% aqueous formic acid, and programmed in a linear gradient mode. The compounds were ionized in the electrospray ionization ion source of the mass spectrometer and detected in MRM mode., Results: The t1 /2of protocatechuic acid,kaempferol biotin glucoside and quercitrin after intravenous injection were( 41. 9 ± 12. 3),( 71. 3 ± 56. 8) and( 90. 3 ± 74. 8) min. The Cmaxwere( 1. 7 ± 0. 7) μg / m L,( 2. 1 ± 0. 9) μg/m L,( 8. 7 ± 3. 7) μg/m L., Conclusion: The established method is specific,rapid,accurate and sensitive,and is proved to meet the requirements of biological sample analyses,and is suitable for the concentration determination of protocatechuic acid, kaempferol biotin glucoside and quercitrin in rat plasma, three compounds are all best fitted to the two-compartment open pharmacokinetic model.