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To summarize the experience of 4,761 patients who underwent ophthalmic surgery during the COVID-19 epidemic without iatrogenic and cross-infection, surgically related complications, and zero infection among medical staff. To explore environmental preparation for eye surgery during the COVID-19 epidemic, protective measures for medical staff and patients, isolation and transport of patients, medical waste disposal, interoperative terminal treatment.Recommendations for management strategies and infection prevention and control during COVID-19 epidemics, as well as preventive and control measures for ophthalmic surgery should be recommended.

Based on the results of multi-objective regional geochemical survey in the south-central Songliao Plain during 2003-2008, the paper studies the distribution characteristics of organic matters in typical black soil areas, proposing that the organic contents in the typical black soil areas along Suihua-Harbin-Siping are characterized by latitudinal zoning distribution, with decreasing gradually from north to south. By analyzing the influencing factors of soil organic matters, it is considered that the parent material and soil texture are important basis for organic contents. The lacustrine sediments and soil with fine texture containing clayey components usually have high organic matter contents. Climate conditions such as temperature and precipitation are the key factors affecting soil organic matters. Low temperature and humid climate are conducive to organic matter accumulation. Human factors such as long cultivation, continuous cropping and fertilizer use can reduce organic content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the role of brassinosteroid (BR) in tuber sprouting and establish effective sprouting regulation system for seed potato, three varieties and sprouting-inhibitor treatments were used to analyze expression characteristics of nine genes related to BR synthesis, signal transduction and regulation during storage. Effects of BR analogue 24-epibrassinolide (24-eBL) and gibberellin (GA3) on tuber sprouting were also studied. The transcript levels of four genes involved in BR synthesis increased with prolonging storage time, and the time points at which the expression levels began to increase in variety with short dormancy period were earlier than those in varieties with middle or long dormancy period. The expression patterns of BRI1 and CYCD3 were similar to those of synthetic genes while BSK and TCH4 remained constant in varieties with middle or long dormancy period. Sprouting-inhibitors stimulated transcripts of those genes to elevate in the earlier stage of storage, then rapidly decline and stay low levels. There was no significant expression change of transcription factor BZR1 in varieties and sprouting-inhibitor treatments during storage. BR analogue 24-eBL was favorable to tuber dormancy release but shoot growth. The tuber weight per plant treated with 24-eBL and GA3 mixture increased by 37.92% to 98.41% compared with CK. The conclusion, BR synthesis and its signal transduction are essential physiological processes from dormancy to sprouting in potato tuber. Mixture of 24-eBL and GA3 can facilitate uniformity of seed potato sprouting, stronger growth and better tuberization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Function of StWRKY2 has not been reported. Plant WRKY proteins are found as an important class of transcription factors in recent years, which are widely involved in biotic stress, abiotic stress and growth development regulation, and they are mainly divided into three groups. WRKY2 was cloned from potato by homology cloning, with length of the coding region 1 065 bp, encoding 355 amino acids by DNA sequencing. With the amino acid sequence of StWRKY2 blasting in NCBI, 19 homology amino acid sequences were selected to analysis conservative domain. Amino acid analysis showed that the StWRKY2 contained 1 conserved WRKY domain(TTGACC)and belonged to the second group of WRKY family members, and its zinc-finger structure was C-X5-C-X23H-X-H. Phylogeny tree results showed StWRKY2 was the most closest to SlWRKY7 (Solanum lycopersicum) with 96% similarity, and the similarity of a WRKY protein of tobacco was 86%. The protein-GST (glutathione-S-transferase) complex was obtained in Escherichia coli by using the method of prokaryotic expression. StWRKY2-GST could combine W-box in vivo by Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay analysis, but only GST protein could not combine W-box. StWRKY2-GST combination with W-box could be competed by cold probe(unlabeled probe). And the experiment results also showed that StWRKY2-GST could not combine mutation W-box, this suggested StWRKY2-GST combined W-box with specificity. Analysis of StWRKY2 expression level in the root, stem and leaf tissue through the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, the results showed that the gene was mainly expressed in the root. Next was leaf and stem. In order to further study the possible function of the gene, potato seeding from tissue culture were treated under 10 μmol/L low phosphorus,10 μmol/L low potassium, 200 mmol/L NaCl, 400 mmol/L PEG solution and 4 °C low-temperature treatment for 6 h, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that this gene expression level decreased significantly after low phosphorus treatment, expression of StWRKY2 increased significantly after 200 mmol/L NaCl and 400 mmol/L treatment. Expression level of StWRKY2 had no obvious change after low potassium and 4 °C low temperature treatment. The results indicated that StWRKY2 could in response to low phosphorus, NaCl and PEG three kinds of abiotic stresses. These results would lay a solid foundation for further study of potato WRKY2 gene function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Firstly, a deduction system G for the propositional calculus in the style of Gentzen is introduced. Secondly, a deduction system H for the propositional calculus in the style of Hilbert is proposed. Thirdly, it is proved that G is equivalent to H in the sense that G and H have the same set of theorems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the responses of vegetation growth to change in terrestrial water storage in Southwest China, we analyzed the change trend and relationship between vegetation and terrestrial water storage anomaly (TWSA) in Southwest China from January 2003 to December 2021 by using TWSA data of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experi-ment (GRACE) satellite and normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI) data. The results showed that NDVI in Southwest China during the study period showed an overall upward trend. Meanwhile, TWSA showed a significant downward trend in central and southern Tibet, and a significant upward trend in northwest Tibet and southeast region of Southwest China. Results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that there were significant spatial differences in responses of NDVI to TWSA changes in Southwest China. NDVI had a significant negative response to TWSA changes in most regions of Tibet, but a significant positive response to TWSA changes in most regions of southeast region of Southwest China. Such differences were driven by climate change and topography.

Through the investigation of a large number of both domestic and overseas literatures and related quality standards, chemical compositions, quality evaluation system and quality control methods of Succus Bambusae were systematic summarized in this study. There were abundant chemical constituents in Succus Bambusae, mainly including volatile ingredients, amino acids, flavonoids, trace elements and vitamins, with high medicinal and edible value. The quality control methods involved traditional morphological identification, spectroscopy, chromatography and other techniques. However, the current quality standards of Succus Bambusae are relatively low, lacking safety indicators, and cannot effectively ensure its quality, seriously affecting the safety and effectiveness of its clinical use. Therefore, it is particularly important to establish a set of highly sensitive and specific quality evaluation system for Succus Bambusae. In this paper, the current research status of the chemical compositions and quality standards of Succus Bambusae were reviewed, with the purpose of providing a basis for further improvement of its quality evaluation system.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of alkaline sludge fermentation products as a carbon source on the nitrification process and performance. During the operation of a biological nitrogen removal (BNR) system with sludge fermentation mixture as the carbon source, the activities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were inhibited at the beginning. After 16 days, the activity of AOB began to recover rapidly, but the activity of NOB was still inhibited. The specific nitrate production rate (SNaPR, N/VSS) decreased from 0.1791 g·(g·d) -1 to 0.0078 g·(g·d) -1 . At the same time, the nitrite accumulation rate increased from 8.12% to 91.42% and remained stable. The sludge fermentation mixture was separated into sludge fermentation liquid and sludge fermentation sediment. The changes in nitrification activity by adding different types of fermentation products were investigated. The results showed that the activity of NOB decreased in the experimental group fed with the sludge fermentation mixture and the fermentation liquid. The SNaPR decreased from an initial 0.1793 g·(g·d) -1 to 0.1510 g·(g·d) -1 and 0.1617 g·(g·d) -1 , respectively. In the experimental group fed with fermentation sediment, the activity of NOB increased. SNaPR rose from 0.1793 g·(g·d) -1 to 0.1864 g·(g·d) -1 . Therefore, the activity of the NOB can be inhibited when the sludge fermentation mixture and the fermentation liquid are used as a carbon source in the nitrification process. In addition, the short-range nitrification process can be realized, which is beneficial to accelerating the reaction speed and saving investment in this type of carbon source.

Anoxic MBBR is a process to achieve advanced denitrification from municipal wastewater. Here, anoxic MBBR was applied as a post-denitrification SBR to achieve advanced denitrification by partial anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation). During a 250-day operation, denitrification performance gradually improved and the total nitrogen concentration of the effluent was approximately 5 mg·L -1 . The average nitrate, ammonia, and total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiencies were (97.7±2.9)%, (93.3±2.9)%, and (94.3±2.7)%, respectively, between day 211 and 250. The simultaneous removal of ammonia and nitrate was observed in the anoxic reactor. Analysis of the ammonia removal pathway revealed that assimilation and nitrification were poor in the anoxic MBBR. The anammox activity test and the denitrification performance showed that anammox occurred and played a not insignificant role in the anoxic MBBR. The results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that anammox bacteria enriched in anoxic MBBR, especially in the anoxic carrier biofilms, where the abundance of anammox bacteria increased from 4.37×10 7 copies·g -1 to 2.28×10 10 copies·g -1 . This study demonstrates that anoxic carrier biofilms may have potential applications in anammox bacterial enrichment to enhance denitrification from municipal wastewater.

Nitrogen removal by a newly discovered Pseudomons sp. strain, DK1, isolated from activated sludge was investigated. Using glucose as a carbon source and a n (C)/ n (N) ratio of five, batch experiments showed that the aerobic denitrification removal rate was 4.09 mg·(L·h) -1 and 4.43 mg·(L·h) -1 with NaNO 3 or NaNO 2 , respectively. Completely nitrogen removal was achieved when using these two nitrogen sources. DK1 was also found to heterotrophically remove NH 4 + -N at a rate of 2.32 mg·(L·h) -1 and to carry out anoxic denitrification of a range of concentrations of NO 2 - -N (from about 100 to 300 mg·L -1 ) within a maximum of 36 hours of inoculation. In the presence of both NO 3 - -N and NO 2 - -N, DK1 was found to preferentially denitrify NO 3 - -N. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) capacity of the DK1 strain was observed when using ammonium and nitrate or ammonium and nitrite and the corresponding nitrogen removal rates reached as high as 95.06% and 94.69% within 30 hours of inoculation, respectively. Ammonium with both nitrate and nitrite resulted in a 100% nitrogen removal within the same time frame. The ability to achieve SND and to denitrify both NO 3 - -N and NO 2 - -N makes the DK1 strain potentially useful for future application in nitrogenous wastewater treatment.

As the actual clinical reflecting of transform Chinese medicine special curative effect, Chinese medicine preparation not only satisfies the need of hospital clinic, scientific research and teaching, but also plays an important role in deepening medical and health system reform, improving people's health level and contributing to the economic growth. However, some problems about administration and approval (tending to western medicine), contraction of the scale, lack of synchronization for clinic and scientific research, and the imbalance of regional development make Chinese medicine preparation move forwards slowly in contradiction. It has not only reduced the effectiveness of the Chinese medicine preparation in hospital clinic, but also brought bad effect on modernized development of Chinese medicine preparation. Research shows that main influencing factors of status quo of Chinese medicine preparation in medical institution include imperfect laws and regulations, high cost than income, and shortage of talents in preparation research. The analysis indicated that the necessary measures to break the contradiction, improve clinical effect of Chinese medicine, and promote the modernization development of Chinese drugs preparation were as follows: government and related departments should strengthen the supporting force in policy by adjusting the examination and approval policy, speeding up dispensing use, reforming pricing system, including into medicare reimbursement, integrating advantage resources and so on; medical institution should actively carry out research and development of traditional Chinese Medicine through drawing the traditional and modern essence, reserving professional talents, and developing characteristic preparation; companies cooperate with hospitals for complementary advantages, which can rapidly transform Chinese medicine preparation into clinical practice.

Chinese herbal pieces are a key factor to protecting the quality of the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and it is one of the basic elements of ensuring the quality of TCM and people's usage safety. However, Chinese herbal pieces has massive problem such as adulteration and counterfeit, dyeing and weighting, pesticide residues, heavy metals in excess of the standards, and all the issues are repeated excessive in the clinic treatment. These issues impacted sound development of production, management and use of TCM, but also brings common people hidden trouble for the clinical safety of medication. Protect and improve the quality of the Chinese herbal pieces demand that continue improve quality system, in-depth scientific research, and strengthen self-discipline and other factors. So it is fundamentally to ensure good quality of Chinese herbal pieces with the color, taste and shape by systematic supervision to it from the source, production, management and research, with strengthened implementation and en- forcement of the "3G".

The sensitivity of photoacoustic (PA) sensors strongly depends on the characteristic of PA cell. In the present paper, a novel elliptical differential PA cell was proposed to enhance the signal noise ratio of PA system. An acoustic characteristic mathematic model was built and the acoustic characteristic of PA cell was simulated with COMSOL software. The result shows that peak pressures would occur at the two ends of major axis with a pi phase difference when the mixed modes in the cross section of elliptical cell have odd azimuthal nodes along the minor axis. When the half major axis is less than 4 cm, the resonant frequency could be greater than 10kHz and the Q factor could achieve 1 835. Differential detection of PA signal could be realized and the common mode environment noise would be suppressed effectively. The signal noise ratio can be enhanced and high sensitivity detection could be achieved with this high Q factor elliptical differential cell.

A field experiment was conducted to study mercury (Hg) bioaccumulation in Crassostrea sp. exposed to waste seawater discharged from a coal-fired power plant equipped with a flue gas desulfurization system. Oysters were cultured in the discharge outlet of the power plant (studying site) and a control site, respectively. The total Hg (THg) concentrations (all counted as dry weight) of seawater in the studying and control sites were determined as (120.6 +/- 55.5) ng x L(-1) (n = 5) and (2.7 +/- 1.0) ng x L(-1) (n = 5), respectively, while methyl Hg (MeHg) concentrations were (0.30 +/- 0.44) ng x L(-1) (n = 5) and (0.28 +/- 0.31) ng x L(-1) (n = 5), respectively. The THg in oyster at the studying site increased dramatically from (138.3 +/- 14.3) ng x g(-1) (n = 6) to (3 012 +/- 289) ng x g(-1) (n = 6) within 7 d, and remained at high levels of 2 935-4 490 ng x g(-1) for the next 34 d. In contrast, the THg in oyster at the control site showed no significant change, and kept at low levels of 60.7-137.5 ng x g(-1). After 41 d exposure, the MeHg in oyster at the studying site had no significant change, ranging from 55.4 ng x g(-1) to 73.1 ng x g(-1), and the content at the control site showed a slight decrease, ranging from 15.6 to 55.6 ng x g(-1). The study showed that THg in the waste seawater discharged at the coal-fired power plant could be quickly bioaccumulated by oyster to a great extent, the potential risk can thus not be ignored. MeHg concentration in the waste seawater was quite low, and no obvious bioaccumulation was found in oyster. Under the study conditions, no self-synthesis of MeHg or transformation of inorganic Hg into MeHg was found.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of life (QOL) in patients with esophageal carcinoma after thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy and circular stapled cervical esophagogastric anastomosis via retrosternal route or three-incision open surgery., Methods: A total of 63 patients with middle-upper esophageal carcinoma who underwent radical surgical resection from January 2009 to October 2010 were enrolled in this study. Thirty-three patients underwent combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery and 30 three-incision open surgery. The EORTC questionnaire QLQ-C30 and QLQ-OES18 were used to evaluate the QOL., Results: There were no significant differences in the clinical data between the two groups except for anastomosis method(P>0.05). In the endoscopy group, there was one patient developed anastomotic leakage(3.0%, 1/33), 1 postoperative wound infection in the neck (3.0%, 1/33), and 1 anastomotic stricture(3.0%, 1/33). In the open group, 8 patients had anastomotic leakage (26.7%, 8/30), 2 had anastomotic stricture (6.7%, 2/30), 1 had wound infection in the neck (3.3%, 1/30), and 6 had pulmonary infection (20.0%, 6/30). All the complications were managed by conservative treatment. The two groups differed in dysphagia, food intake, pain, obstruction, dyspnea, anorexia, fatigue, financial condition, physical function, role function, emotional function, cognitive function, social function and global health level and were more favorable in the endoscopy group(P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in the other dimensions., Conclusions: The postoperative complication rate is low after thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy. Stapled anastomosis is associated with lower rate of anastomotic leak. QOL is better in patients following thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy as compared to those following three-incision open surgery.

SBR reactor was performed to incubate polyphosphate accumulating organism (PAO), and it was checked out of the system by fluorescence in situ hybridization. As PAO is a kind of ordinary heterotrophic bacteria, it was excluded the ability of phosphate release and uptake and it was considered only the capacity of denitrification of the target biomass. The results indicated that acetate and PHB can be the electron donors of PAO to denitrify. When fed with acetate, the denitrifying rate and PHB producing rate were independent of initial nitrate concentration. However, served as more nitrate in the reactor, it would be less PHB produced and fewer nitrate reducing when using same amount of acetate. In view of PHB stored as an internal carbon and energy source, it presented as a reaction of zero-order to the substrate by PAO to denitrify, such as nitrate, besides, the specific denitrifying rate was 0.9733 mg/(g x h) and the specific PHB consuming rate was 2.4626 mg/(g x h).

This research focused on the enrichment of phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAO) and the formation of granular sludge simultaneously. After fed with flocculent sludge the SBR was run for two months for the cultivation of PAO. Then the granular sludge enriched by PAO was found. After that acetate was used instead of propionate to inhibit the glycogen accumulating organisms(GAO). The experiment testified that acetate was beneficial to the growth of the PAO granules. The system could release and take up more phosphorus when it was fed by acetate. Moreover, when the size of the granules became bigger, the performance indexes of the granules, for example the settling velocity, OUR, density, aquiferous rate and integral rate were also improved. On the other hand, the amount of PAO was found to become more and more in this process by the system performance evaluation and FISH analysis. As a result, the ratio of PAO could reach 70% of the total bacteria. The aerobic granular sludge enriched by PAO showed very good capability of COD and phosphorus removal. The COD removal efficiency could reach about 95% and phosphorus removal efficiency could reach almost 100%.

Objective: To investigate the intracellular localization of S100A4 in gastric carcinoma cells and the relationship between S100A4 expression status and lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinoma., Methods: Western blotting analysis was performed to locate the expression of S100A4 protein in sub-fraction components of frozen tissues. S100A4 protein expression was also determined by immunohistochemical method in 131 samples of gastric cancer and 20 samples of matched metastatic lymph nodes., Results: Thirty-two of 131 (24.4%) gastric carcinoma showed positive S100A4 nuclear expression and 50/131 (38.2%) carcinoma showed positive cytoplasmic expression. In 32 samples with positive S100A4 nuclear expression, 30 (93.8%) carcinomas had positive lymph node metastases. S100A4 nuclear expression level was higher in gastric carcinoma with lymph node metastasis (29.1%) than that without lymph node metastasis (7.1%) (P=0.016)., Conclusion: Nuclear expression of S100A4 is associated with lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinoma.

Based on the improved design of the existing thoracic cavity closed drainage system, a new multi-functional device is developed and is described here in detail. The device is more convenient and more efficient than the existing system. Besides, it has a function of autotransfusion. Animal experimental results show that it has attained the goal of the improved design.

A right single lung transplantation was performed in a 17-year-old female patient with end-stage cystoid pulmonary fibrosis and without cardiopulmonary bypass in June 2003. The donor lung was perfused with cold UW solution with a cold ischemic time of 280 min. The patient weaned from ventilator on the next day of operation (18 h later) and was able to walk at the fourth day postoperatively. Immunosuppression included methylprednisolone used before FK 506, mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone dosed after operation. The patient remains well a month after operation with significant improvement of the lung function and enjoys normal life.

Objective: To explore guidelines of the diagnosis and management for spontaneous rupture of the esophagus., Methods: Of the 15 patients suffering spontaneous rupture of the esophagus, 11 received surgical treatment while the other 4 received non-operative treatment., Results: Eleven patients recovered smoothly and death occurred in 4 cases, with the total cure rate of 73%., Conclusion: Early diagnosis and operation are crucial for management of spontaneous rupture of the esophagus, and in cases of delayed diagnosis, indications for operation need to be extended.