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The paper summarizes and analyzes the progress of research on the use of intangible cultural heritage in food packaging design through the number of articles, keywords, research objects, research perspectives and ideas. The study analyzes the application of intangible cultural heritage in food packaging design from three aspects: principles, strategies, and methods. It also explores the future development directions, suggesting that future research can guide design practice through theoretical studies and validate design practice using big data models.

"Objective To investigate the effect of visceral fat area (VFA) on carotid atherosclerotic plaque in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Methods From August 2018 to August 2023, 683 T2DM patients included in the database of the National Metabolic Management Center (MMC) were selected from the Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Medical history, physical examination, serum biochemical indicators, VFA and other data were collected from the study subjects. According to the presence or absence of carotid atherosclerotic plaque, all patients were divided into T2DM patients with plaque (n=342) and T2DM patients without plaque (n=341), and statistical analysis was performed. Results There were statistically significant differences in age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), abdominal subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and VFA between the two groups (PConclusion Age and VFA are independent influencing factors for atherosclerotic plaque formation in patients with T2DM，and as a new obesity assessment index, VFA can better predict and assess the risk of atherosclerotic plaque formation in T2DM patients."

Objective To investigate the the clinical application of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its correlation with atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods From January 2020 to December 2022，499 patients with T2DM were screened from the inpatients and physical examination populations of Nanjing Jiangbei Hospital. Based on the presence or absence of atherosclerotic plaques， the subjects were divided into T2DM with plaques group (n=249) and T2DM without plaques group (n=250). The subjects underwent medical history collection，physical examination，and serum biochemical testing. The TyG index was calculated，and the correlation between TyG and common risk factors for T2DM atherosclerosis was statistically analyzed. Results The age，systolic blood pressure (SBP)，triglyceride (TG)，total cholesterol (TC)，fasting blood glucose (FBG)，glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)，and apolipoprotein A of the T2DM without plaques group were lower than those in the T2DM with plaques group, the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was higher than that in the T2DM with plaques group (P＜0.05). The TyG index in the T2DM with plaques group was higher than that in the T2DM without plaques group (11.52±0.37 vs 9.34±0.48, t=56.803, P＜0.01). TyG index was positively correlated with age, SBP, TG, TC, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), uric acid (UA), and HbA1c (P＜0.05)，and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and fasting C-peptide (P＜0.05). The area under ROC curve of TyG index for predicting T2DM atherosclerosis was 0.611 ，with a best cut-off value of 10.21，sensitivity of 84.8%, and specificity of 62.2%. Conclusion TyG index is closely related to multiple risk factors for atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM. TyG index combined with risk factors for atherosclerosis can comprehensively assess the risk of T2DM atherosclerosis development.

In order to improve the short-circuit breaking capacity of solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) in DC system, a multi-objective optimization method that explores component parameters to achieve optimal breaking characteristics was proposed. A detailed analysis of the breaking process of the SSCB during a short-circuit fault was performed, and the influence of the current limiting inductor LB and the voltage limiting capacity factor γ of the metal oxide varistor (MOV) on the breaking characteristics was investigated by theoretical analysis and simulation. Based on the breaking characteristics, three optimization objective functions of breaking impact performance, breaking time and energy absorption were established. The objective functions were optimized by the multi-objective particle swarm algorithm, and a method which combines technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution and decision maker preferences, was used to make decisions. The results show that under different decision maker preferences, the component parameters Ls and γ after the optimization can significantly improve the breaking performance of the SSCB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The degradation of p-nitrochlorobenzene (p-NCB) in soil by zero-valent iron-activated persulfate is of environmental and applied significance. In this study, the effects of initial pH and temperature on the removal of p-NCB by Fe0-activated persulfate were investigated. The results demonstrated that both initial pH and temperature played an important role in the degradation of p-NCB and the removal of p-NCB increased from 20.9% at pH 10.0 to 97.3% at pH 3.0 and from 60.9% at 15 °C to 96.2% at 35 °C. The kinetic curves were best fitted to zero order kinetic equation at low dosage of the zero-valent iron, and the activation energy was calculated to be 26.88 kJ·mol-1. However, the reaction followed first order kinetic at high dosage of the zero-valent iron, and the activation energy was 31.79 kJ·mol-1. The degradation intermediates of p-NCB were analyzed with GC-MS, which mainly included 4-chloroaniline,1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-phenlurea,5-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenyl diazenyl)phenol and 1,4-benzoquinone. In the system of Fe0-activated persulfate, a nitro group was first reduced to amine group and p-chloroaniline was easier to be oxidized than p-NCB. Therefore, it was concluded that the Fe0-activated persulfate was an effective approach to removal of p-NCB in soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In reactor radiation shielding design, the shielding scheme often needs to be optimized by changing shielding body size, material density and isotope atomic fractions. The knowledge of radiation dose rate's difference can help a lot. Besides, the uncertainty of the nuclear data itself affects the accuracy of the radiation shielding simulating results, which also needs to be considered in the evaluation of the shielding scheme. When the difference of radiation dose rate is small, perturbation method can be used. Perturbation is especially useful in Monte Carlo calculation in which statistic error masks the inherent difference between two schemes. In Monte Carlo radiation shielding calculation, point detector tally has great efficiency by using next event estimator. In order to calculate the sensitivity of point detector tally, correlated sampling algorithm was introduced in JMCT software. Random walk was assumed the same for both perturbated and original systems. Instead, dose difference was expressed only in particle weight. Perturbation caused by material and nuclear data propagated in the entire random walk. General particle weight correction was calculated in colliding and flying events, and virtual particle weight correction was calculated in source sampling and colliding events. Weight correction was deduced for every process considering transportation biasing, often used in deep penetrating problem simulation. System with single perturbation was introduced to encapsulate weight correction calculation. Within one perturbated system, only perturbation in one energy region, isotope and reaction type was considered. Meanwhile, the perturbated system had the same number of tallies with original system, and the sensitivity tallies could be built by cloning from original system's point detector tallies. This feature avoids a lot of underlying mistakes in memory allocation and tally initialization. Multiply perturbation can be considered in one Monte Carlo simulation without interference with each other. Weight correction of descendant is managed in form of particle extended property so that no history retrieving is needed. This makes the algorithm compatible with variance reduction techniques such as weight window or cell importance. Validation was performed on Livermore pulsed sphere experiment and NURGE/CR-6115 benchmark. Good agreement is found in time-of-flight leakage spectra in 2.9 mean free paths carbon sphere with results published by R. L. Perel which uses differential operator method. For the perturbation of inelastic scattering cross section in specified energy range, difference below 5% is achieved in both source direct leakage peak and single scattering leakage peak compared with reference results. In NUREG/CR-6115 benchmark, consistent adjoint driven importance sampling was used to reduce the statistical variance. Comparing with the result from analogy Monte Carlo, qualitative agreement is found. However, time consuming in correlated sampling method is 4.1 CPU hours compared with 4 286.2 CPU hours in analogy Monte Carlo method, which makes the correlated sampling method is applicable in shielding design optimization.

Objective To study the protective effect and related mechanisms of short-chain fatty acid sodium acetate on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced injury of human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK2. Methods The H/R model was established, and HK2 cells were incubated with sodium acetate (SA) for 2 h. The survival rate of HK2 cells was detected by CCK8 assay; Enzyme activity kit was used for detection of inflammatory factors, cellular reactive oxygen species and ATP production; Flow cytometry was used to measure mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondrial oxidative stress products (mitoSOX) levels; Electron microscope was used to observe mitochondrial ultrastructural damage; Western blot was used to detected the expression of inflammatory signaling pathway IκB-α/NF-κB and mitochondrial energy disorder signaling pathway AMPK/PGC-1α. Results Compared with the control group, the survival rate of HK2 cells in the H/R group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05); the expression of intracellular ROS, mitoSOX and inflammatory factors was significantly increased(P＜0.05); the ultrastructure of mitochondria was severely damaged, and the content of ATP and MMP was significantly decreased(P＜0.05); it was further found that the protein expression of p-IκB-α and NF-κB-p-P65 was significantly increased while the protein expression of p-AMPK and PGC-1α was significantly decreased(P＜0.05). Compared with H/R group, SA significantly enhanced the survival rate of HK2 cells (P＜0.05); SA inhibited the release of intracellular ROS, mitoSOX and inflammatory factors; SA inhibited mitochondrial ultrastructural damage, decreased ATP and MMP (P＜0.05); SA promoted the expression of p-AMPK and PGC-1α and inhibited the expression of p-IκB-α and NF-κB-p-P65 (P＜0.05). Conclusions Sodium acetate plays a protective role with potential mechanisms of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, protection of mitochondrial structure and function of HK2 cells induced by H/R through inhibiting IκB-α/ NF-κB and activating AMPK/PGC-1α signal pathway.

Objective: To explore the mechanism, clinical characterization, diagnosis and therapeutic approach of vocal process granuloma(VPG) induced by gastroesophageal reflux., Method: We performed a retrospective review of 4 cases., Result: In 4 male cases, 3 cases had no obvious symptoms of stomach and esophagus and 1 case had symptoms of bloating and acid reflux. Additionally, 4 cases in which lesions were all located to the left side were diagnosed by trial therapy with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with good responding. 2 of 4 cases were relapsed after operations. Meanwhile 4 patients were treated by Rabeprazole for acid suppression therapy and 3 cases were cured and 1 invalid case was cured by Pantoprazole. All patients were followed up for 4-48 months with no recurrence., Conclusion: Gastroesophageal reflux is an important pathogenic factor to the VPG. The majority of patients with VPG do not have gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. Besides, most lesions located in the left are associated with sleeping position. The diagnosis is mainly based on the laryngoscope examination and trial of acid suppression therapy. Moreover, recurrence risk is high-with simple operation in VPG therefore the main treatment is a antireflux and it is also valid by replacing byother PPI treatment. The treatment must be long enough. Meanwhile, the comprehensive treatment should be noticed.