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In this study, the wild type 6421 and the fruit color mutant E55 of pepper were evaluated for fruit color, pigment contents and quality components at different developmental stages. The results demonstrated that the fruit color of 6421 and E55 changed from green to yellow and then to red, and from green to brown and then to orange, respectively, as the fruit developed from mature green to ripe. For both 6421 and E55, the color parameters a* and C* increased, while hue angle (h) value decreased. Furthermore, chlorophyll (Chl) content declined, whereas carotenoid (Car) content increased. Additionally, the contents of VC, soluble sugar, soluble protein and capsaicin increased, while cellulose content decreased. At the mature green stage, there was no significant difference between 6421 and E55 in five color parameters (L*, a*, b*, C*, and h values), Chl and Car contents or six quality indicators (cellulose, VC, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and capsaicin contents) (P > 0.05). During the color-turning to ripening stages, L*, b* and C* values and VC and soluble sugar contents were significantly higher and soluble protein and cellulose contents were significantly lower in E55 than in 6421 (p 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that for both 6421 and E55, Chl and Car contents were significantly or extremely significantly correlated with each quality parameter except for cellulose content. Among the tested quality indicators, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and capsaicin contents were significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with each other, while cellulose content was significantly or highly significantly negatively correlated with the other indicators. This study can serve as a theoretical basis for research on the coloration mechanism of peppers as well as for the screening and breeding of high-quality pepper cultivars.

ObjectiveTo determine the effects of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. on the regulation of lipid metabolism based on metabolomics.MethodsTwenty-four rats were randomly divided into the normal control and D. nobile treatment （0.25 g/kg） groups. Rats were intragastrically administered their assigned treatment once every 6 h for 5 d. After the last treatment， the plasma and liver of the animals were collected. Metabolomics were evaluated using UPLC-MS. Principal component analysis （PCA）， cluster analysis， and KEGG pathway analysis were performed to assess the metabolomics data. Compared with the normal control group， different metabolites were identified in the D. nobile treatment group. The expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes were validated using quantitative real-time PCR.ResultsObvious differences were found between the normal control group and D. nobile treatment group， with significant differences obtained for 1 448 metabolites （P

Objective To evaluate the effect of intraoperative multimodal analgesia on the early postoperative quality of recovery in end-stage head and neck cancer patients undergoing open gastrostomy surgery. Methods This was a prospective, parallel, randomized controlled study. The research subjects were end-stage head and neck cancer patients who underwent elective open gastrostomy at Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from November 2022 to May 2023. The patients were randomly divided into local anesthesia group and multimodal analgesia group at a 1∶1 ratio. For local anesthesia group, 0.25% ropivacaine 20-30 mL was administered for local infiltration anesthesia. For multimodal analgesia group, the anesthesia method was nerve block + intravenous analgesia: ultrasound-guided left transverse abdominis plane block (0.25% ropivacaine 0.3 mL/kg)+bilateral rectus abdominis sheath block (0.25% ropivacaine 0.3 mL/kg per side)+intravenous injection of oxycodone 0.1 mg/kg, flurbiprofen 1 mg/kg, and dexamethasone 0.2 mg/kg. The primary outcome measure was the quality of requirements-15 (QoR-15) score at postoperative 24 h, while the secondary outcome measures were the QoR-15 score at postoperative 48 h, the numerical rating scale (NRS) and Bruggemann comfort scale (BCS) scores at different time points after the surgery, the first time of rescue analgesia, the first time of off-bed activity and intestinal exhaust, as well as the incidences of adverse reactions within postoperative 48 h. Results A total of 46 patients with end-stage head and neck cancer who underwent open gastrostomy and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were ultimately enrolled, with 23 patients in multimodal analgesia group and 23 patients in local anesthesia group. There was no statistically significant difference in preoperative QoR-15 scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). Multimodal analgesia group had higher QoR-15 scores at 24 h postoperatively[(81.77±8.91) vs. (71.46±7.61), P < 0.05] and 48 h postoperatively[(86.26±7.92) vs. (80.13±6.98), P < 0.05], and the difference in QoR-15 scores at 24 h postoperatively was clinically significant. Compared with local anesthesia group, at 6 h and 24 h after surgery, the multimodal analgesia group showed a decrease in NRS scores at rest and during exercise, while the comfort BCS score increased (all P < 0.05). Multimodal analgesia group also had a delayed time for the first rescue analgesia, a reduced incidence of rescue analgesia within 48 h after surgery, an earlier time for first postoperative off-bed activity and intestinal exhaust (all P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in multimodal analgesia group and local anesthesia group was 8.70% and 13.04%, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion Intraoperative multimodal analgesia can effectively alleviate postoperative pain, increase the comfortable degree, shorten the first time of postoperative off-bed activity and intestinal exhaust, and accordingly improve the quality of early postoperative recovery in patients undergoing open gastrostomy.

Objective Preoperative frailty in elderly patients with colorectal cancer was evaluated using six frailty assessment tools, frailty phenotype (FP), frailty scale (FRAIL), clinical frailty scale (CFS), Tilburg frailty index (TFI), Edmonton frailty scale (EFS) and Groningen frailty index (GFI). The predictive levels of each scale for short-term adverse outcomes after surgery were compared. Methods A total of 290 elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer in Cancer Hospital Affiliated of Guangxi Medical University from June 2021 to February 2023 were selected as the study subjects. FP, FRAIL, CFS, TFI, EFS, and GFI were used to assess the patient ‘s frailty status. Baseline data and postoperative disability, complications, prolonged hospital stay, and increased treatment costs were collected. The predictive levels of 6 scales for short-term adverse outcomes after surgery were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results The evaluation of FP, FRAIL, CFS, TFI, EFS and GFI showed that the frailty rate was 41.3%, 29.6%, 38.6%, 65.5%, 37.9% and 38.6%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rates of the six attenuation tools (χ2=88.510, P＜0.01). The maximum AUC for postoperative disability and increased treatment costs were 0.814 and 0.661 predicted by FP. The maximum AUC for postoperative complications and prolonged hospital stay were 0.741 and 0.754 predicted by FRAIL. Conclusion Different frailty tools have significant differences in the detection rate of frailty, with poor consistency; Based on the characteristics and advantages of the tool, taking into account both time and cost, FRAIL is the best predictor of short-term adverse outcomes after surgery.

This study proposes to investigate the failure characteristics and load-bearing performance of external prestressed composite reinforced concrete beams by conducting a three-point loading test on 12 full FRP reinforced concrete beams. These external prestressed concrete beams were reinforced with carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP), while the stress reinforcement and stirrup were made of glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP). Specifically, the study compares the impact of prestress level, shear span ratio, and concrete type on the bearing capacity of GFRP reinforced concrete beams. derives an expression for flexural bearing capacity to account for the effect of stress increment of prestressed tendons, and is verified by experimental results. The test results indicate that the failure of non-prestressed FRP reinforced concrete beams is primarily governed by deformation, whereas applying prestress can shift the failure mode from deformation control to bearing capacity control. The mid-span deflection of the concrete beam is directly proportional to the increase in prestress. The bearing capacity of FRP beams decreases with an increase in shear span ratio, with particularly significant effect on cracking load. The effect of concrete type on the cracking load of prestressed beams surpasses its impact on the ultimate load, while it exerts minimal influence on cracking and ultimate load of non-prestressed beams. The calculated results for the bearing capacity of prestressed FRP reinforced concrete beams derived in this study align well with the measured values.

Objective: This paper reported 1 case of paradrenal anastomosing hemangioma (AH), and to summarize the clinicopathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of AH. Methods: The clinical data of this patient was collected, the histological morphology and immunohistochemical characteristics were observed and analyzed in combination with relevant literature. Results: The tumor was located in the adipose tissue around the adrenal gland, it was well circumscribed, gray and red colored. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of irregularly anastomosing sinusoidal-like spaces lined by hobnail endothelial cells, focal mild atypia was observed. Intravascular fibrin thrombi and hyaline globules could be seen. Immunohistochemical results showed diffuse staining for endothelial markers, including CD31 and CD34. D2-40, CK5/6, calretinin, CKpan, EMA, Melan-A and HMB45 immunostains were negative. Ki-67 staining indicated a low proliferative activity. Eventually this patient was diagnosed with AH. Conclusions: AH is a rare but distinct type of vascular neoplasm. Owing to its striking anastomosing appearance, it needs to be distinguished from well differentiated angiosarcoma. In addition, the differential diagnosis of urogenital AH also includes angiomyolipoma, adenomatoid tumor, and hemangiomatoid hyperplasia secondary to renal cell carcinoma.

Objective To explore the research hotspots and frontiers of competency of specialist nurses in recent 20 years. Methods The bibliometric software of CiteSpace was used to analyze the publication trends, authors and institutions of publications and to draw keyword clustering map on competency of specialist nurses from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science database. Results A total of 1095 articles in CNKI database and 864 articles in Web of Science database were included. The bibliometric results showed that the common research hotspots of Chinese and foreign literatures were the influencing factors of specialist nurse competency, the evaluation index of specialist nurse competency and the training of specialist nurse competency. Conclusion The research focus of foreign literature is wider and deeper than that of Chinese literature, and there is still a certain gap between foreign literature and high-quality literature. Future researchers may learn from foreign literature, further expand and refine the research content, and improve the quality of research evidence. (目的 探讨近20年专科护士胜任力研究热点及研究前沿。方法 运用CiteSpace文献计量软件, 分析中国知网(CNKI)及Web of Science数据库收录的专科护士胜任力相关文献的发文分布趋势、发文作者及发文机构, 绘制关键词聚类图谱。结果 共纳入CNKI 数据库文献1095篇, Web of Science 数据库文献864篇。文献计量结果显示, 中外文献共同的研究热点为专科护士胜任力的影响因素、专科护士胜任力的评价指标以及专科护士胜任力的培训。结论 外文文献的研究热点较中文文献的广泛而深入, 与外文高质量文献仍有一定差距, 未来研究可借鉴外文文献, 进一步将研究内容扩大、细化深入, 提高研究证据质量。)

Energy is the blood for economic operation. Energy structure adjustment may significantly impact the macroeconomic operation of a country. This study quantitatively estimates the effect of energy structure adjustment on energy prices and further evaluates the impact of the resulted price changes on macroeconomic operations using an econometric model and statistical methods. The results indicate that 1% increase of the proportion of natural gas consumption in the total energy consumption raises energy prices by 0.8% while 1% increase of the coal consumption ratio lowers energy prices by 0.2%. Moreover, technological progress, energy investment growth, increased marketization, and energy efficiency improvement are conducive to reducing energy prices. We conclude that China’s energy revolution is less likely to affect the security of the energy economy and the energy price rise remains within the acceptable range of national economy and energy consumption. To better ensure the security of energy economy in the process of China’s energy revolution, we propose that China should focus on technology innovation and deepen the reforms in the energy market to improve the competitiveness of the energy market. These measures are beneficial for mitigating the energy price increase pressure from energy revolution.

The research progress on optimistic analysis and ultimate bearing capacity of the conventional metal supports, such as mine I-beam, U-shaped steel and concrete filled steel tubes, is summarized. It especially focused on introducing a new type of steel support with corrugated webs. The advantages of steel support with corrugated webs in bearing capacity and economy compared with traditional supports, the global stability bearing capacity and local stability of the steel support structure with corrugated webs in different roadway profiles are introduced herein. It also reviews the research work and achievements on the yieldable connecting configuration, as well as the interaction between the support and the surrounding rock. It can be concluded that the prominent advantages of the support with corrugated web are its high supporting capacity and light weight, which is economical and greatly reducing the labor intensity. The two types of yieldable connecting components (high-strength bolts and wedge sleeves) are developed, which can solve the eccentricity issue of traditional one, besides, the surrounding rock load on the supports can be reduced through connection yielding and pressure relief, which could improve the stability and service life of the steel supports with corrugated webs. The research achievements have vital reference significance to the future development of new support structures for coal mine roadways with rock bursts.

In this paper, a large number of coal mine roadway failure cases are investigated, and 6 types and 15 typical failure forms are extracted.The mechanical characteristics and stress distribution of surrounding rock of typical roadway shapes such as circular and rectangular are analyzed.At present, the technology of high-strength prestressed bolt support, full space collaborative support and concrete filled steel tube support have shown certain advantages in deep surrounding rock control.Furthermore, based on the gradient failure mechanism of roadway surrounding rock and the uniform strength beam support model of rectangular roadway proposed by the author's team, the conceptual model of uniform strength support control theory for surrounding rock of deep roadway is put forward.According to the stress characteristics of roadway surrounding rock, the stress state of surrounding rock can be effectively adjusted by means of slotting and pressure relief, grouting, bolt (cable)support and passive support with concrete filled steel tube.The goal that the surrounding rock at different locations can reach the equivalent stress intensity state which is safe and matches the ground stress ratio can be achieved, and the ideal state that the stress distribution tends to be uniform and the plastic zone range of surrounding rock is similar can be obtained.The supporting strength of roadway with different buried depth and different section shape is calculated, and the calculation formula of support strength required by uniform strength is given.The stress changes of surrounding rock of circular and rectangular roadways before and after uniform strength support are simulated, and the stress field of surrounding rock can be significantly improved after uniform strength support is verified.Uniform strength support control model provide theoretical and practical guidance for surrounding rock control of deep roadway to a certain extent.

During the production process of sulfide lead-zinc ore using the flotation method, a large amount of beneficiation wastewater is generated. The pH value, suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, heavy metal ions, etc. in the beneficiation wastewater often exceed the water quality standard limits. Direct discharge of mineral processing wastewater will disturb the water environment in the mining and surrounding areas. Direct reuse will cause fluctuations and deterioration of mineral processing production indicators. Therefore, lead-zinc mining production enterprises must treat mineral processing wastewater and discharge it in compliance with standards or recycle it back to the mineral processing plant for production use. Taking Dongtangzi Lead Zinc Mine in Feng County, Shaanxi Province as an example, this paper elaborates on the method of fully recycling mineral processing wastewater and the achieved results. In order to reduce the impact of mineral processing wastewater on production and mineral processing indicators, the circulation volume and water quality of mineral processing wastewater were analyzed and monitored, and the reasons affecting mineral processing production were identified. Through research and investigation, a wastewater treatment process suitable for the company was designed. By continuously adjusting and optimizing the mineral processing agent system (including changing the lime dosing point and reducing the lime dosage, using Z-1 flotation agent, MB collector, and BK204 frother reducing, the dosage of copper sulfate and ethyl sulfide nitrogen, and discontinuing the use of Na2SO3 K2Cr2O6, Na2CO3, ZnSO4, xanthate, terpineol oil and other reagents, the total amount of mineral processing reagents hasbeen reduced from 13 295 g/t to 6 500 g/t, with a reduction by 6 795 g/t and a decrease of 51%. At the same time, the flocculation effect of lime and Z-1 flotation agent, as well as the inhibitory effect of Z-1 flotation agent on heavy metals and carbon-containing substances, purify the flotation operation environment, enabling wastewater treatment and mineral processing operations to be carried out simultaneously in the production process, eliminating the impact of fully recycled mineral processing wastewater on production. Mineral processing wastewater only needs to be naturally settled in the tailings pond and can be fully recycled for mineral processing production without the specific wastewater treatment, achieving full recycling of mineral processing wastewater. The dosage and cost of reagents are significantly reduced, and the mineral processing indicators are significantly improved. The results can provide a reference for the recycling of similar lead-zinc ore beneficiation wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the effect of remimazolam combined with desflurane and flumazenil antagonism for anesthesia during ophthalmic day surgery. Methods This is a prospective randomized controlled trial. A total of 64 patients undergoing elective general anesthesia with laryngeal mask during ophthalmic day surgery were selected and randomly assigned to propofol group (n = 32) and remimazolam group (n = 32). The propofol group was given propofol anesthesia induction and propofol combined with diflurane anesthesia maintenance ; the remazolam group was given remazolam anesthesia induction and remazolam combined with diflurane anesthesia maintenance, and flumazenil antagonism was given intravenously at the end of the operation. Continuous intravenous infusion of remifentanil was administered during surgery in both groups. The primary outcome was emergence time. The secondary outcome included changes in intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, extubation time, time to leaving the operating room, duration of postoperative recovery room (PACU) stay, and the occurrence of other perioperative adverse reactions. Results Emergence time, extubation time, and time to leaving the operating room in remimazolam group were significantly shorter than those in group propofol (P < 0.05) [ (4.11 ± 1.17) vs. (8.64 ± 2.77)min, (4.61 ± 1.11) vs. (9.90 ± 2.81)min and (6.60 ± 2.01) vs. (11.74 ± 3.11)min, respectively]. The incidences of intraoperative hypotension and bradycardia in the remimazolam group were significantly lower than that in the propofol group (P < 0.05) ; There was no statistically difference in the duration of PACU stay and the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Remimazolam combined with desflurane general anesthesia and flumazenil antagonism for anesthesia management in ophthalmic day surgery could significantly shorten he time of emergence and extubation, help to maintain hemodynamic stability with fewer adverse reactions, and improve the safety of ophthalmic daytime surgery, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective We aimed to explore the mechanism by which Bushen Yangjing Soup improves elderly infertility based on oocyte mitochondrion. Methods C57BL/6J mice were used, including 15 young females (6-8 weeks old), 45 elderly females (10 months old), and ten young males (6-8 weeks old). The female 6-8-week-old young mice were assigned to the young group, and the female 10-month-old elderly mice were randomly divided into the model group, the dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) group, and the Bushen Yangjing Soup group. Mice in the DHEA and Bushen Yangjing Soup groups were given DHEA [11.26 mg/(kg⋅d)] and Bushen Yangjing Soup [11.41 g/(kg⋅d)]. Mice in the other groups were given normal saline. After 45 days, oocytes were collected, the number of oocytes and the proportion of mature oocytes were recorded, and in vitro fertilization (IVF) was carried out, followed by calculation of the successful fertilization rate. Real-time PCR was used to determine the copy number of mitochondrial DNA in oocytes, mito-tracker green was used to observe the distribution of mitochondria, and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of oocytes was determined using the JC-1 kit. The mRNA and protein levels of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) in oocytes were determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Results Compared with the young group, the number of oocytes, the proportion of mature oocytes, and the IVF rate were significantly reduced (P<0.01), the copy number of mitochondrial DNA in oocytes was decreased, the rate of abnormal mitochondrial distribution was increased, the MMP was decreased (P<0.01), and the mRNA and protein levels of Mfn2 were decreased (P<0.01) in the elderly model mice. Compared with the elderly model group, the number of oocytes, the proportion of mature oocytes, and the IVF rate were significantly increased (P<0.05), the copy number of mitochondrial DNA in oocytes was increased (P<0.05), the rate of abnormal mitochondrial distribution was decreased, the MMP was increased (P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein levels of Mfn2 were increased (P<0.01) in the Bushen Yangjing Soup group.Compared with the DHEA group, the number of oocytes, the proportion of mature oocytes, and the IVF rate were increased, the copy number of mitochondrial DNA in oocytes was increased, the rate of abnormal mitochondrial distribution was decreased, the MMP was increased, the mRNA and protein levels of Mfn2 were increased in the Bushen Yangjing Soup group, and there was a significant difference in the number of oocytes and the expression of Mfn2 protein (P<0.05). Conclusion Bushen Yangjing Soup may improve the quantity, distribution, and function of oocyte mitochondria by increasing the mRNA and protein levels of Mfn2, thereby improving oocyte quality. This is one of the possible mechanisms for clinical application of Bushen Yangjing Soup to improve ovarian function and treat elderly infertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses intelligent clothing design method for the imperceptible problem about human heart rate abnormalities. It realizes real-time monitoring of human heart rate through the introduction of electronic information and sensing technology into sweater design to achieve the purpose of preventing sudden danger. In order lo realize the intelligent optimization design of sweater, it designed the sweater from the appearance structure and intelligent module. The structure design of the sweater was carried out through the body and the lining layer. At the same time, it combined the functionality and aesthetics of sweater intelligent design, according to the principle of customer demand. It not only achieved the functions of alarming and warming, but also look into the needs of consumers' comfort and beauty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the value of 15 short tandem repeat (STR) loci selected by an AmpFLSTR Identifiler TM system for personal identification and paternity testing among ethnic Hans from Xiamen, Fujian., Methods: For 400 unrelated individuals, allelic frequencies for the 15 STR loci from the AmpFLSTR Identifiler TM kit were determined. Population genetics parameters for forensic usage were calculated., Results: No deviation of the observed allele frequency from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectations was found by Chi-square test (P>0.05). All of the 15 loci were highly polymorphic. Observed heterozygosity has varied between 0.580 and 0.868. Matching probability was between 0.036 and 0.148. Power of discrimination was between 0.798 and 0.967. Polymorphic information content was between 0.560 and 0.850. And power of exclusion was between 0.268 and 0.730., Conclusion: All of the 15 loci selected by the AmpFLSTR Identifiler TM system are highly polymorphic among ethnic Hans from Xiamen. By determining the alleles and allelic frequencies, data for genetic polymorphisms usable for paternity testing and personal identification for local population were obtained.

Objective: To investigate the effect of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) on prognosis of patients with type 2 hepatorenal syndrome (HRS)., Methods: A total of 54 patients with type 2 HRS were included in the study, and stratified for analysis according to survival status at 6-month followup:survival group, n=25; death group, n=29. Single factor analysis was used to compare the betweengroup differences for levels of plasma NGAL, urine NGAL, renin, aldosterone, and blood biochemical indicators. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to assess the prognosis of patients with type 2 HRS. The F-test, t-test, chi-square test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and Cox regression model were used for the statistical analyses., Results: The HRS patients with liver cirrhosis showed significantly lower levels of hemoglobin, platelets and albumin (all P < 0.05), but significantly higher international normalized ratio and levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine arninotransferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, serum creatinine, plasma NGAL, urine NGAL, renin and aldosterone (all P < 0.05). Plasma NGAL and urine NGAL were positively correlated with renin, aldosterone, blood creatinine, MELD score, Child-Pugh score and ascites (P < 0.05). The patients in the 6-month survival group showed significantly lower levels of albumin, serum sodium, serum creatinine, plasma NGAL, urine NGAL, renin, and aldosterone than those in the death group (P < 0.05), but significantly higher glomerular filtration rate (vs. death group, P < 0.05). The Cox proportional hazard regression model showed that MELD, plasma NGAL, total bilirubin and creatinine were influencing factors of 6-month prognosis for patients with type 2 HRS (relative risk: 1.214, 1.157, 1.098 and 1.016 respectively)., Conclusion: Plasma NGAL is high in patients with type 2 FHRS, and is associated with risk of death.

Protein A and protein G are two well-defined immunoglobulin (Ig)-binding proteins (IBPs), which show affinity for specific sites on Ig of mammalian hosts. Protein A and protein G contained several highly homologous IgG-binding domains which had been demonstrated to have function to bind to IgG. Whether combinations of Ig-binding domains of various IBPs could produce useful novel binding properties remains interesting. We constructed a combinatorial phage library which displayed randomly-rearranged A, B, C, D and E domains of protein A, B2 and B3 domains of protein G. Four rounds molecular evolution of this library directed by all four human IgG subclasses respectively generated a common arrangement of D-C respectively which didn't exist in SpA. The dynamic loss of control phages and increase of the phages displaying two or more binding domains, especially the selective enrichment of D-C and strict selection of its linking peptides demonstrated the efficient molecular evolutions and the significance of the selected D-C arrangement. The phage binding assays confirmed that D-C possessed a binding advantage with four human IgG subclasses compared to SpA. In this work, a novel combination of Ig-binding domains, D-C, was obtained and presented the novel Ig binding properties which provided a novel candidate molecule for the purification, production and detection of IgG antibodies and a new approach for the further study of structures and functions of IBPs.

Objective: To investigate the regulating effect of Ginkgo biloba extract 50 (GBE50) on pre-inflammatory factors interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and anti-inflammatory factors interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10) of hippocampus in senile rats, in order to explore the protective mechanism of GBE50 on central nervous system of senile animals., Method: SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: the normal group, the model group, the GBE50 group and the EGB761 group. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg x kg(-1) D-galactose every day for 42 days to establish the senile rat model. At the 21st day, the GBE50 group and the EGB761 group were orally administered with 60 mg x kg(-1) for 21 days. IL-1beta mRNA and TNF-alpha mRNA expressions were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha protein expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry, IL-4 and IL-10 protein contents were detected by ELISA., Result: D-galactose caused imbalance between pre-inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors of hippocampus in senile rats, GBE50 and EGB761 reduced IL-1beta mRNA expression (P < 0.05) and TNF-alpha and IL-1beta protein level (P < 0.01) and up-regulated IL-10 protein content (P < 0.01, P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The mechanism of GBE50 in protecting central nervous system is probably related to its effect in mitigating inflammatory of central nervous system.

Growth factors play an important role in cell adhesion and proliferation as well as in tissue regeneration. By incorporating growth factors into polymer scaffolds, controlled release of them can be performed. The release mechanism is varied with the incorporation methods. In this paper, the latest advances in the controlled release of growth factors by blending, hydrogel, microsphere embedding and chemical bonding are reviewed. The potential application of ultrafine fibric embedding in growth factor delivery is described as well.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of the c-kit protein in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)., Methods: Paraffin embedded materials from 53 benign GISTs, 13 potentially malignant and 55 malignant cases were analysed for c-kit expression by immunohistochemical method, while using leiomyomas and schwannomas as controls. Positive signals were shown in cytoplasma and cell membrane., Results: Of 122 GISTs, 118 (97%) were positive for c-kit. Localization of positive signals was accurate. The rate of c-kit protein in benign, potentially malignant and malignant cases was 98% (53/54), 93% (12/13), 96% (53/55) respectively. Compared with benign GIST, the positivity of c-kit in metastasis or recurrent cases decreased, but c-kit protein expression rate was not significantly different between the three patterns of GIST (chi(2) = 1.167, P > 0.05). Leiomyomas and schwannomas were typically c-kit negative., Conclusion: As a sensitive and specific marker of GIST, c-kit seems to be a useful antibody in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of GIST, but it may not be used as a prognostic index.