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Objective To investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of intervening P2X7 receptors on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced renal fibrosis. Methods Ten male wild-type C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the sham operation group (WT-Sham) and the renal ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI) group (WT-I/R). Ten P2X7 receptors gene knockout mice were also randomly assigned to the sham operation group (KO-Sham) or the renal IRI group (KO-I/R), with five mice in each group. The renal IRI model was established by unilateral nephrectomy and contralateral renal pedicle clamping. In the sham operation group, mice underwent renal pedicle localization without nephrectomy or clamping. Renal tissue specimens were collected after 42 days of reperfusion or sham operation. PAS staining was used to observe changes in renal tissue structure, Picrosirius Red staining was used to assess the degree of renal fibrosis, Western blot was performed to detect the expression of renal calcium-adhering protein E-cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）, and immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the infiltration of F4/80-positive macrophages in the kidneys. Results After 42 days of renal IRI, PAS staining showed tubular atrophy and significant infiltration of inflammatory cells in the interstitium, while Picrosirius Red staining indicated obvious renal fibrosis. Compared with wild-type mice, P2X7 receptors gene knockout mice showed reduced tubular atrophy, decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells, and improved renal fibrosis. Western blot results showed that compared to the sham operation group, WT-I/R mice had decreased expression of the tubular marker E-cadherin and increased expression of the fibrosis marker α-SMA (P＜0.05). Compared to WT-I/R mice, KO-I/R mice showed improvement in E-cadherin decrease and α-SMA increase (P＜0.05). Immunohistochemical results revealed increased infiltration of macrophages in the kidneys after 42 days of renal IRI, while P2X7 receptors gene knockout mice showed reduced macrophage infiltration. Conclusion Renal IRI can lead to macrophage infiltration and fibrosis in renal tissue. Intervention of P2X7 receptors can reduce macrophage infiltration caused by IRI, improve renal tissue fibrosis, and delay the progression of chronic kidney disease.

The pumping test was carried out by arranging pumping holes in the ground of Huangyuchuan Mine to test the water inflow, permeability coefficient and influence radius of different hole positions, and to master the characteristics of water and permeability in the formation to avoid water inrush in underground coal mining. The results show that: Ordovician limestone strata develops water-conducting channels such as water-conducting fracture zone, fracture zone and collapse column; the influence of aquifer on 9# coal seam mining is more serious than other coal seams; after the pumping is completed, the aquifer water is replenished to the pumping hole，and the liquid level is restored to the depth of the water before pumping within 24 hours; the amount of water inflow from the ground drilling pump test is between 0.018 m3/h and 2.412 m3/h, and the average unit water inflow is 0.036 L/s·m, which is a weak aquifer; the permeability coefficient is 0.002 4 m/d, which is a weakly water-permeable aquifer.

This study discussed the influence of the open straw burning on the air quality in Huangshi City in 2019. The fire spots data of open straw burning of the city in 2019, as well as the air quality and meteorological data in the corresponding period were used. In addition, the correlation analysis and gas mass backward trajectory model were applied. The results showed that the fire spots during the rice harvest period were significantly higher than those during wheat harvest period. The air quality index, concentrations of characteristic pollutants (e.g., PM10, PM2.5 and CO) and O3 of straw burning, and the characteristic indexes (e.g., PM2.5/PM10 and PM10/SO2) increased rapidly within 2~7 days after open straw burning, which further resulted in air pollution in each urban area. Moreover, the correlation coefficients between PM2.5 and PM10 increased after straw burning. CO was positively correlated with PM10 and PM2.5 (P<0.01), and negatively correlated with visibility (P<0.05). These results indicated that the air pollution in Huangshi was related to the local open straw burning. The results of the causes analysis of the air pollution, based on the backward trajectory model, further indicated that open burning straw, unfavorable meteorological conditions and transregional transport of pollutants were the main factors resulting in the aggravation of air pollution in 2019. The results provide a scientific basis for Huangshi to win the Blue Sky Defense War and synergistically control air pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to assist the patients with hemiplegia to carry out multi-mode elbow rehabilitation training, a soft elbow rehabilitation exoskeleton robot was developed. In addition, a coordination control strategy was proposed based on human muscle torque estimation and adaptive neural network compensation. The surface electromyogram signals were used to identify the motion intention of human and adjust the trajectory of rehabilitation training. The closed-loop control stability of the control algorithm was proved by Lyapunov method. A real-time control experimental platform was established to conduct the trajectory tracking experiments and free active training experiments based on human motion intention. The experimental results show that the proposed control strategy may guarantee the trajectory tracking accuracy in passive training processes. Moreover, the movement trajectory in active training processes may be adjusted based on the motion intention of patients and realize active rehabilitation training with different intensities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bruce Lee and Eddie Peng, two high-profile Chinese male stars of different generations, are both recognized and loved by the public for their masculine bodies characterized by perfect muscles. Their bodies, as well as the public's imaginations and evaluations of their bodies reflect profound changes in contemporary cultural trends. In terms of body politics, this change shows a transformation from national discourse to international symbols; in terms of body types, it embodies a shift from martial hero to fitness expert; in terms of body landscape, it demonstrates a change from masculinity to masculine temperament. Due to the diversified visions of body in the present, it is necessary to analyze the cultural significance behind their bodies, in order to reflect on Chinese public's general concept of body culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reduce the rejection rate of products, a novel single-piece heavy-load force sensor with a full-scale load of 150 t and a working frequency of 10 Hz is designed, manufactured and evaluated for the dynamic impact force measurement of the punch. The confined space of the punch holder limits the size of the fabricated sensor at φ166 mm × 45 mm. The sensor is characterized by an integrated fixture with four bearing carriers and one strain beam, which can ensure both strong stiffness and high sensitivity for the sensor simultaneously. A universal hydraulic machine with full-scale 300 t is employed to accomplish static calibration. The results show that linear calibration slopes for the sensor is within 2%. Site test is then performed for further verifying sensor performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the relationship between occupational stress and mental health in offshore oil platform workers and to provide a scientific basis for protection of their mental health., Methods: A total of 768 workers on offshore oil platform were surveyed with the Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition and Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90)., Results: The total score of Occupational Role Questionnaire (ORQ) for the workers (160.27±24.63) was significantly lower than the national norm (166.52±27.01) (P < 0.01); the total score of Personal Strain Questionnaire (PSQ) (101.96±19.8) was significantly higher than the national norm (92.45±17.33) (P < 0.01). The total score of Personal Resource Questionnaire (PRQ) for the workers was not significantly different from the national norm (P > 0.05), but the items of recreation, social support, and rational/cognitive found significant difference (P < 0.05). The total score of SCL-90 was positively correlated with all items of ORQ and PSQ (P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with all items of PRQ (P < 0.01). The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that current work seniority, education background, drinking, role overload, role insufficiency, role ambiguity, responsibility, physical environment, and rational/cognitive conduct impacted the score of SCL-90 (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The mental health of workers on offshore oil platform is related to occupational stress, and role overload, role ambiguity, physical environment, and rational/cognitive conduct, etc, are closely associated with the workers' mental health.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical results of tube gastrostomy in radical cystectomy and ileal conduit., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 98 patients undergoing radical cystectomy and ileal conduit between March 2007 and February 2010. According to postoperative gastrointestinal decompression methods, the patients were divided into nasogastric decompression group (n=50) and tube gastrostomy group (n=48), and the gastrointestinal recovery time, surgical complications and hospital stay were compared between them., Results: No statistical difference was found in gastrointestinal recovery time, hospital stay, or surgical complications between the two groups, but the incidence of pulmonary infection was significantly lower in tube gastrostomy group than in nasogastric decompression group (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Tube gastrostomy is an easy, safe and effective means for gastric decompression after radical cystectomy with ileal conduit, especially suitable for elderly patients and those with potential pulmonary disorder.

Objective: To analyze efficacy and safety of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the management of staghorn calculi with solitary kidney., Methods: Between April 2009 and December 2011, 13 patients with renal staghorn calculi in solitary kidney were treated by PCNL in our hospital. The therapeutic effects and complications were the main points of the analysis., Results: Of the 13 patients, surgery time was 92-164 (117.2±21.5) min; 9 cases underwent PCNL through a single access tract, 4 cases through multi-access tracts. The stone removal rate in one session of PCNL was 76.9%, and the total clearance rate was 92.3%. Hemoglobin dropped 11-32 (16.4±4.6) g/L; one case required blood transfusion; no patient had embolism. Hospital stay was 5-10 (6.9±1.5) days postoperatively. Serum creatinine before PCNL in these patients was 83-237 (146.24±38.73) μmol/L compared to 81-242 (134.56±21.52) μmol/L by the end of the 1-month follow-up period (not statistically different). Similar findings were observed in glomerular filtration rates: before PCNL it was 42-114 (71.32±20.82) mL/min and by the end of the 1-month follow-up it was 55-117 (79.40±22.14) mL/min (not statistically different)., Conclusion: PCNL is effective and safe for the treatment of staghorn stones in solitary kidney, and has advantages such as short surgical duration, fewer complications, rapid recovery, short hospital stay, effective stone removal rate, and so on.

To improve the diagnosis and treatment of renal oncocytoma and avoid unnecessary radical nephrectomy. The clinical data of 6 cases of renal oncocytoma diagnosed at the Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University from March 2005 to November 2010, including symptoms, laboratory tests, imaging, style of operation, pathological examination, and follow-up were retrospectively analyzed.There were no special symptoms and obvious abnormal laboratory tests in the patients. Two patients had relatively special imaging. Partial nephrectomy was performed in 2 cases of renal oncocytoma with typical imaging, while radical nephrectomy was performed on other patients because of misdiagnosis. No relapse and metastasis were found in the following 1 to 5 years.Renal oncocytoma is an uncommon benign tumor. Partial nephrectomy or tumor excision can be performed on patients diagnosed with renal oncocytoma according to typical imaging and intraoperative frozen section biopsy. The final diagnosis depends on pathological examination and regular follow-up is imperative for patients with renal oncocytoma.

Objective: To review the technical details of retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy and evaluate the clinical effect., Methods: Between June 2004 and December 2008, 69 patients (55 males and 14 females) with upper ureteral calculus received retroperitoneal laparoseopic ureterolithotomy (40 left sides and 29 right sides). The stone size ranged from 1.5 to 3.1 cm [(2.2±0.6) cm]., Results: All the patients underwent retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy. The operation time was 40-295 (63.1±19.8) min,and the blood loss was 30-150 (57.2±23.0) mL.The hospital stay was 5-8 (6.7±1.3) d. During the followup, there was neither ureteral stricture nor recurrent calculus., Conclusion: Retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy is safe, effective and minimally invasive, which may replace the conventional open surgery.

To discuss the pathology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of mature teratoma in adrenal gland. We reported 2 cases of mature adrenal teratoma and summarized their characters. No local recurrence or metastasis was found in the close follow-up of the 2 patients after the radical resection. Teratomas are rare germ tumors with potential malignant character which usually occur in the testes and ovaries. Adrenal teratomas are extremely rare and the diagnosis relies on radiological examinations. Early diagnosis and early surgical resection are the key in the treatment. Whether the postoperative chemotherapy is needed depends on the pathological result. Close lifelong follow-up is recommended and the prognosis is unclear at present.

To study the effect of batroxobin(DF-521) on atherosclerosis, we divided 50 Japanese big ear rabbits into control group and high-lipid group. After the atherosclerosis model was successfully established, the high-lipid rabbits were divided into 3 groups(placebo group, treatment group 1 and treatment group 2). Batroxobin was injected in the treatment groups, and saline was injected in placebo group and control group. Getting the aorta before, inter and after treatment, dyeing the lipid, endothelium, smooth muscle, collagen fibers of the vascular plaque(the elastic fibers are of autofluorescence), we observed them with the light microscope and laser scanning confocal microscope. From the results, we found that the atherosclerotic plaque in the treatment groups, tended to be static four weeks later, but there was no obvious difference between treatment group 1 and treatment group 2. These implied that batroxobin possessed the action of stabilizing the atherosclerotic plaque, but the dosage-effect was not clear and the principle needed more study.

Objective: To investigate the effect of restricted cochlear microcirculation disorder on the cochlear blood flow, auditory function, and morphology., Method: Photochemical reaction was utilized to induce localized microcirculation damage to the second cochlear turn. After systemic administration of rose bengal, the second cochlear turn was illuminated with green light (wave length 540 nm +/- 40 nm) to cause thrombosis in the stria vascularis, the area was about 1.2 x 1.0 mm2., Result: At the site of the illumination, cochlear blood flow gradually decreased, and the threshold of action potential gradually increased. Surface preparing showed thrombus was in the stria vascularis. Three hours after the photochemical reaction, some hair cells in the illuminated area necrotized. The length of the lesion was 1152.50 +/- 363.26 microns (n = 4). But hair cells in the non-illuminated area were normal., Conclusion: The photochemical method is a reliable tool to produce an animal model with the restricted microvessel lesion in the lateral wall of the cochlea. It could be used as an animal model for the treatment of the cochlear thrombosis.

Adsorption of cadmium and lead on montmorillonite and kaolin, together with the effect of humic substances was studied. It was found that adsorption amount of Cd and Pb increased as pH value of ambient solution increased. Addition of FA reduced Cd sorption on kaolin at each respective pH value while GHA and BHA increased Cd adsorption amount. A sharp increase was found at pH values higher than 6. Whereas, lead sorption on both clays in the presence of FA unexpectedly decreased as pH values increased when pH > 6.