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Nontraumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head(NANFH) is a common and refractory femoral head disease that causes bone death due to interruption of blood supply. Early clinical symptoms are atypical, such as hip pain and limited joint function. In the late stage, severe pain, shortening of the affected limb, claudication, and other serious symptoms are common, which se-riously affects the quality of life of patients. Therefore, it is of great significance to actively improve the clinical symptoms of NANFH to enhance the quality of life of patients. The pathogenesis of NANFH is complex, such as traumatic vascular circulatory disorders, the use of hormones or other drugs, alcoholism, and diabetes mellitus. These factors directly or indirectly lead to femoral head vascular damage, thrombosis, and coagulation system disorders, which reduce the blood supply to the acetabulum and femoral head, thus causing ischaemic death of the femoral head or even femoral head collapse. NANFH is mainly categorized as "bone impotence" and "bone paralysis" in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). The treatment of NANFH with TCM has the characteristics and advantages of a long history, stable and reliable therapeutic effect, fewer adverse reactions, good patient tolerance, and high acceptance. Previous studies have shown that the promotion of angiogenesis is a key initiative in the prevention and treatment of NANFH, and TCM can promote fe-moral head angiogenesis by interfering with the expression of angiogenesis-related factors, which in turn can help to restore the blood supply of the femoral head and thus improve clinical symptoms of NANFH and prevent and treat NANFH. This article described the roles of blood supply interruption and angiogenesis in NANFH and the accumulated knowledge and experience of TCM in NANFH and summarized the role of angiogenesis-related factors in NANFH and the research progress on TCM intervention, so as to provide an idea for the subsequent research and a new basis for the clinical application of TCM in the treatment of NANFH.

Alzheimer's disease(AD), vascular dementia(VD), and traumatic brain injury(TBI) are more common cognitive impairment diseases characterized by high disability and mortality rates, imposing a heavy burden on individuals and their families. Although AD, VD, and TBI have different specific mechanisms, their pathogenesis is closely related to the nucleotide-binding oligome-rization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3). The NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in neuroinflammatory responses, mediating microglial polarization, regulating the reduction of amyloid β-protein(Aβ) deposition, neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs) formation, autophagy regulation, and maintaining brain homeostasis, and synaptic stability, thereby contributing to the development of AD, VD, and TBI. Previous studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) can alleviate neuroinflammation, promote microglial polarization towards the M2 phenotype, reduce Aβ deposition and NFTs formation, regulate autophagy, and maintain brain homeostasis by intervening in NLRP3 inflammasome, hence exerting a role in preventing and treating cognitive impairment-related diseases, reducing psychological and economic pressure on patients, and improving their quality of life. Therefore, this article elucidated the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in AD, VS, and TBI, and provided a detailed summary of the latest research results on TCM intervention in NLRP3 inflammasome for the prevention and treatment of these diseases, aiming to inherit the essence of TCM and provide references and foundations for clinical prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment-related diseases with TCM. Meanwhile, this also offers insights and directions for further research in TCM for the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment-related diseases.

Diabetic ulcer(DU) is a chronic and refractory ulcer which often occurs in the foot or lower limbs. It is a diabetic complication with high morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of DU is complex, and the therapies(such as debridement, flap transplantation, and application of antibiotics) are also complex and have long cycles. DU patients suffer from great economic and psychological pressure while enduring pain. Therefore, it is particularly important to promote rapid wound healing, reduce disability and mortality, protect limb function, and improve the quality of life of DU patients. By reviewing the relevant literatures, we have found that autophagy can remove DU wound pathogens, reduce wound inflammation, and accelerate ulcer wound healing and tissue repair. The main autophagy-related factors microtubule-binding light chain protein 3(LC3), autophagy-specific gene Beclin-1, and ubiquitin-binding protein p62 mediate autophagy. The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) treatment of DU mitigates clinical symptoms, accelerates ulcer wound healing, reduces ulcer recurrence, and delays further deterioration of DU. Furthermore, under the guidance of syndrome differentiation and treatment and the overall concept, TCM treatment harmonizes yin and yang, ameliorates TCM syndrome, and treats underlying diseases, thereby curing DU from the root. Therefore, this article reviews the role of autophagy and major related factors LC3, Beclin-1, and p62 in the healing of DU wounds and the intervention of TCM, aiming to provide reference for the clinical treatment of DU wounds and subsequent in-depth studies.

Diabetic ulcer(DU) is one of the common complications of diabetes often occurring in the peripheral blood vessels of lower limbs or feet with a certain degree of damage. It has high morbidity and mortality, a long treatment cycle, and high cost. DU is often clinically manifested as skin ulcers or infections in the lower limbs or feet. In severe cases, it can ulcerate to the surface of tendons, bones or joint capsules, and even bone marrow. Without timely and correct treatment, most of the patients will have ulceration and blackening of the extremities. These patients will not be able to preserve the affected limbs through conservative treatment, and amputation must be performed. The etiology and pathogenesis of DU patients with the above condition are complex, which involves blood circulation interruption of DU wound, poor nutrition supply, and failure in discharge of metabolic waste. Relevant studies have also confirmed that promoting DU wound angiogenesis and restoring blood supply can effectively delay the occurrence and development of wound ulcers and provide nutritional support for wound healing, which is of great significance in the treatment of DU. There are many factors related to angiogenesis, including pro-angiogenic factors and anti-angiogenic factors. The dynamic balance between them plays a key role in angiogenesis. Meanwhile, previous studies have also confirmed that traditional Chinese medicine can enhance pro-angiogenic factors and down-regulate anti-angiogenic factors to promote angiogenesis. In addition, many experts and scholars have proposed that traditional Chinese medicine regulation of DU wound angiogenesis in the treatment of DU has broad prospects. Therefore, by consulting a large number of studies available, this paper expounded on the role of angiogenesis in DU wound and summarized the research advance in traditional Chinese medicine intervention in promoting the expression of angiogenic factors [vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), fibroblast growth factor(FGF), and angiopoietin(Ang)] which played a major role in promoting wound angiogenesis in the treatment of DU to provide ideas for further research and new methods for clinical treatment of DU.

Dolomiaea plants are perennial herbs in the Asteraceae family with a long medicinal history. They are rich in chemical constituents, mainly including sesquiterpenes, phenylpropanoids, triterpenes, and steroids. The extracts and chemical constituents of Dolomiaea plants have various pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitumor, anti-gastric ulcer, hepatoprotective and choleretic effects. However, there are few reports on Dolomiaea plants. This study systematically reviewed the research progress on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Dolomiaea plants to provide references for the further development and research of Dolomiaea plants.

Objective: To summarize the experience of endoscopic endonasal approach in the treatment of anterior skull base with intra-extracranial extension meningioma, and to analyze the perioperative quality of life of patients, and to discuss the safety and efficacy of the treatment. Methods: A total of 83 cases of anterior skull base with intra-extracranial extension meningioma admitted to Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from October 2007 to October 2019, who underwent endoscopic endonasal approach tumor resection, were retrospectively analyzed. The quality of life of the patients were evaluated by Anterior Skull Base Questionnaire (ASBQ) before and after surgery. The surgical techniques, extent of tumor resection, postoperative complications and the changes of patients' quality of life were summarized and analyzed. SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 57 anterior skull base with intra-extracranial extension meningioma patients were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, including 23 males and 34 females, aging (48.6±16.6) years. Fifty cases (87.7%) reached or exceeded Simpson gradeⅠ resection, and 7 cases underwent subtotal resection. Symptoms relief was as follows: headache relief in 45/50 (90%), vision improvement in 18/19 (94.7%), olfaction improvement in 6/45 (13.3%), mental symptoms improvement in 3/9 (33.3%), and seizure relief in 5/7 (71.4%). Postoperative complication included mental symptoms in 5 cases, cerebrospinal fluid leakage in 2 cases, epilepsy in 2 cases, frontal lobe hemorrhage in 1 case, and intracranial infection in 1 case. The follow-up period was 38 to 144 months. There were two cases recurring and no death. ASBQ assessment showed significant improvement in general condition, physical function, role function, mood disorder, pain, vision impairment, and sleep disturbance at 1 month postoperatively, with continued improvement thereafter, and reached stable at 6 months postoperatively. Conclusion: Endoscopic endonasal approach surgery is able to achieve safe and effective tumor resection for anterior skull base intra-extracranial extension meningioma, and the quality of life of patients can be improved steadily.

Chinese medicine processing is a procedure to process medicinal materials under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) theories by using unique methods in China. The medicinal materials can only be used clinically after proper processing. With the development of the modernization of TCM, it is difficult to solve the problems in the inheritance, development, and internationalization of Chinese medicine processing. Metabonomics, a new omics technology developed at the end of the last century, is used to infer the physiological or pathological conditions of the organism with the methods such as NMR and LC-MS via investigating the changes in endogenous small molecule metabolic network after the organism is stimulated by external environment. Metabonomics coincides with the holistic view of TCM because it displays the characteristics of integrity, comprehensiveness, and dynamics, and it has been widely applied in the field of Chinese medicine processing in recent years. This study summarized the application of metabonomics in the processing mechanism and quality control of Chinese medicine processing and prospected the development of this technology in the field of Chinese medicine processing.

Syndrome is a nonlinear "internal-excess external-deficiency", "dynamic spatial-temporal" and "multi-dimensional" complex system and thus only by using a versatile method can the connotation be expounded. Metabonomics, which is dynamic, holistic, and systematic, is consistent with the overall mode of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)(holistic view and syndrome differentiation and treatment). Therefore, metabonomics is very important for the research on the differentiation, material basis, and metabolic pathways of syndromes, and efficacy on syndromes. This study reviewed the application of metabonomics in the study of TCM syndromes in recent years, which is expected to objectify the research on TCM syndromes.

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) preconditioning of "Shenmen" (HT7)-"Tongli" (HT5) segment of the Heart Meridian on neuronal electrical activities of lateral hypothalamus area (LHA) in rats with myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI), so as to investigate its possible mechanism underlying improvement of MIRI., Methods: Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into sham, model, EA and damage + EA (D+EA) groups, with 6 rats in each group. The MIRI model was established by occlusion of the anterior descending branch (ADB) of the left coronary artery for 30 min, followed by reperfusion for 2 h. In the sham operation group, the ADB was only threaded beneath the artery without ligation. EA (2 Hz, 1 V) was applied to bilateral HT7-HT5 for 20 min, once daily for 7 days. In the D+EA group, FN was injected with 0.4 μL of 1 g/L kainic acid solution. Electrocardiogram (ECG) of the neck-thoracic lead was recorded by using PowerLab. The electrical activities of the LHA region were recorded by the implanted microelectrode array (2×4) and Plexon multi-channel acquisition system. Cluster analysis of neuronal signals was carried out by Offline Sorter software. The discharge waveforms, autocorrelation and cross-correlation of neuronal activities were analyzed by using Neuro Explorer software., Results: Compared with the sham group, the ECG-ST height was significantly increased ( P <0.05), the discharge frequency of pyramidal neurons was significantly reduced ( P <0.01), while the discharge frequency of interneurons was increased ( P <0.01) in the model group. After EA treatment, the ECG-ST height was significantly decreased ( P <0.05), the discharge frequency of pyramidal neurons was significantly increased ( P <0.01) relevant to the model group. In comparison with the EA group, the ECG-ST height in the D+EA group was significantly elevated ( P <0.05), whereas the discharge frequency of pyramidal neurons was significantly decreased ( P <0.01). The discharge frequency of interneurons was kept increasing after MIRI. Real-time spectrum analysis showed that the local field potential spectrum energy of the EA group was significantly lower than that of the model group and the D+EA group., Conclusion: EA preconditioning of Heart Meridian can significantly increase the discharge frequency of LHA excitatory pyramidal neurons and reduce the energy of the local field potential spectrum, which maybe one of the important mechanisms of EA in anti -MIRI.

Objective: To observe the effect of long-term moxa smoke exposure of different concentrations on olfactory function in rats, and provide experimental basis of safety study of moxa smoke produced by moxibustion., Methods: Forty SD rats were randomly divided into a normal control group, a low-concentration moxa smoke group, a moderate-concentration moxa smoke group and a high-concentration moxa smoke group, 10 rats in each one. The rats in the moxa smoke groups were put into three plexiglass moxibustion boxes with different moxa smoke concentrations, 4 hours per times, twice a day for 90 days. The general state of rats was evaluated before and during the experiment. After the intervention, the olfactory function was evaluated by two-bottle experiment (TBE); the morphology of nasal mucosa was observed by HE staining; the apoptosis of olfactory epithelial cells in nasal mucosa was detected by TUNEL method; the serum levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by ELISA method., Results: In the late stage of moxa smoke exposure (45-90 days into intervention), the behavioral activity of rats in the moderate-concentration moxa smoke group and the high-concentration moxa smoke group was weaker than that in the normal control group, and their response to stimulation was strong, and their mental state was worse. After intervention, the drinking rate of vinegar-water mixture in the moderate-concentration moxa smoke group and the high-concentration moxa smoke group was higher than that in the normal control group and the low-concentration moxa smoke group ( P <0.01). The hierarchical structure of nasal mucosa in the moderate-concentration moxa smoke group and the high-concentration moxa smoke group was unclear, disordered, necrotic and inflammatory cell infiltration was serious; the number of apoptotic cells in olfactory epithelium of nasal mucosa in the moderate-concentration moxa smoke group and the high-concentration moxa smoke group was more than that in the normal control group and the low-concentration moxa smoke group ( P <0.01), that in the high-concentration moxa smoke group was more than the moderate-concentration group ( P <0.01). The serum levels of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α in the low-concentration moxa smoke group, the moderate-concentration moxa smoke group and the high-concentration moxa smoke group were higher than the normal control group ( P <0.01), and those in the moderate-concentration moxa smoke group and the high-concentration moxa smoke group were higher than the low-concentration moxa smoke group ( P <0.01), and those in the high-concentration moxa smoke group were higher than moderate-concentration moxa smoke group ( P <0.01)., Conclusion: The long-term exposure to low, moderate and high concentrations of moxa smoke could cause pathological changes in nasal mucosa and increase the serum levels of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α; the moderate and high concentrations of moxa smoke exposure could cause a series of damage to olfactory function and reduce olfactory sensitivity in rats.

Objective: To investigate the regulatory effect of blue light on the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the habenula nucleus of depression-like rats induced by light deprivation. Methods: male SD rats were exposed to white light (white light control group, 20 rats) and constant darkness (depression model group, 60 rats), respectively. 18 days later rats in depression model group were randomly divided into three groups: depression model group (treated with constant darkness), blue light group (treated with blue light) and red light group (treated with red light). Rats in white light control group were kept in white light. All rats exposed to light were in a standard 12∶12 h Light/Dark condition at 20 lx for 36 days. Sucrose preference test was applied to evaluate depression-like symptoms of rats. The c-fos + cells in the habenula nucleus, intergeniculate leaflet and ventral lateral geniculate nucleus were detected. The phosphoylation of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and the relative BDNF protein level in the habenula nucleus were measured. Results: Sucrose intake per kg body weight increased in rats exposed to blue light and returned to the level of control group ( P >0.05). Sucrose intake per kg body weight in red light group and depression model group were lower than control group ( P <0.05). More c-fos + cells were detected in the habenula nucleus, intergeniculate leaflet and ventral lateral geniculate nucleus from blue light group than those from depression model group ( P <0.05). The relative BDNF protein level and the phosphoylation of CREB in the habenula nucleus from blue light group were higher than those from depression model group ( P <0.05). Conclusion: Blue light could relieve depression-like symptoms in light-deprived rats. Exposure to blue light could activate neurons in the habenula nucleus to which intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells projected. Blue-light-mediated antidepressant effect might involve in the activation of CREB/BDNF signal transduction pathways in the habenula nucleus.

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) preconditioning at heart meridian acupoints on the contents of dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in lateral hypothalamus area (LHA) and cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FN) in the rats with acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), and explore the role and mechanism of LHA and FN in the effect of EA at heart meridian acupoints against acute MIRI., Methods: Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operation group, a model group, an EA heart meridian group and an EA lung meridian group, 12 rats in each group, as well as an LHA plus heart meridian group (damage of bilateral LHA) and an FN plus heart meridian group (damage of bilateral FN), 6 rats in each one. Three days after nucleus destruction, EA was applied to "Shenmen" (HT 7) and "Tongli" (HT 5) in the EA heart meridian group, the LHA plus heart meridian group and the FN plus heart meridian group and EA was applied to "Taiyuan" (LU 9) and "Lieque" (LU 7) in the EA lung meridian group, with 1 V in stimulating voltage and 2 Hz in frequency, lasting 20 minutes each time, once a day, for consecutively 7 days before model replication. Except in the sham-operation group, MIRI rat models were duplicated by ligation of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery in the rest groups. Using Power lab physiological recorder, ST segment displacement value was recorded before modeling, 30 min after ligation and 120 min after reperfusion separately. The high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection and analysis system was adopted to determine the contents of DA and 5-HT in LHA and FN dialysate after rat modeling in each group., Results: In comparison of ST segment displacement value 30 min after ligation and 120 min after reperfusion among groups, the value in the model group was higher than that in the sham-operation group ( P <0.01), those in the EA heart meridian group, the LHA plus heart meridian group, the FN plus heart meridian group and the EA lung meridian group were lower than those in the model group successively ( P <0.01) and those in the EA heart meridian group were lower than those in the EA lung meridian group, the LHA plus heart meridian group and the FN plus heart meridian group successively ( P <0.01). The contents of DA and 5-HT in FN and LHA in the model group were lower than those in the sham-operation group ( P <0.01). Except in the groups with nucleus lesions, the contents of DA and 5-HT in FN and LHA of each intervention group were higher than those in the model group ( P <0.01), the contents of DA and 5-HT in FN in the EA heart meridian group were higher than those in the EA lung meridian group and the LHA plus heart meridian group ( P <0.01) and the content of 5-HT in LHA was higher than those in the EA lung meridian group and the FN plus heart meridian group ( P <0.01) separately, the content of DA in LHA was higher than that in the EA lung meridian group ( P <0.01)., Conclusion: EA preconditioning at heart meridian acupoints can effectively alleviate myocardial injury in acute MIRI rats, during which, DA and 5-HT in LHA and FN may be the important material basis.

TAR DNA-binding domain protein 43 （TDP-43） is a highly conserved and widely expressed nuclear protein. Nowadays, the expression of TDP-43 can be found in most neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, which makes it become a neurodegenerative disease associated marker protein. From the current research status at homeland and abroad, and around the relationship between the expression of TDP-43 and brain injury, this article emphatically probes into the specific expression and function of TDP-43 in acute and chronic brain injury based on the knowledge of its biological characteristics, which aims to explore the feasibility for determining the cause of death and the injury and disability situations by TDP-43 in forensic pathology., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Forensic Medicine.)

Objective: To assess the influence of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene Bsm I, Fok I, Taq I and Apa I polymorphisms on the response to antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC)., Methods: There were total 124 patients with CHC treated with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin. VDR gene Bsm I, Fok I Taq I and Apa I polymorphisms were analyzed in 71 patients with sustained virological response (SVR) and 53 patients without SVR (non-SVR) by polymerase chain reaction-MassARRAY (PCR-MassARRAY)., Results: The distributions of VDR genotype met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (all P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in VDR Fok I, Taq I, Apa I allele and genotype frequencies between SVR and non-SVR patients (all P > 0.05). The Bsm I (GA) genotype was significant higher in the patients with SVR compared to those with non-SVR (Χ2 = 3.967, P = 0.046). Three SNPs at VDR gene (Bsm I, Taq I and Apa I) were in strong linkage disequilibrium. Linkage disequilibrium coefficient (D') between Bsm I and Taq I was 1.000 and the correlation coefficient (r2) was 0.741. D' between Bsm I and Apa I was 1.000 and r2 was 0.082. D' between Taq I and Apa I was 0.829 and r2 was 0.076. No relation existed between haplotypes and response to therapy (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: Vitamin D receptor gene Bsm I polymorphism may be associated with the therapeutic response to antiviral therapy with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C patients.

NaYF4 : Tb3+, Yb3+ down-conversion (DC) phosphors were synthesized by hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra were used to characterize the samples. Experiment results revealed that samples of NaYF4 : Tb3+, Yb3+ crystallized in hexagonal shape without cubic shape. When the doping concentration of Tb3+ and Yb3+ was altered, the lattice structure of samples did not change, indicating that the Tb3+ and Yb3+ ions are completely dissolved in the NaYF4 host lattice by substitution for the Y3+. The emission from 5D4 --> 7F6 (489 nm), 5D4 --> 7F5 (542 nm), 5D4 --> F4 (584 nm), and 5D4 --> F3 (619 nm) of Tb3+ ions was observed, in which the dominant emission was at 542 nm. With single Tb3+ doping, no near-infrared (NIR) emission was observed under excitation of 355 nm pulsed laser. However, while with Tb3+ and Yb3+ codoping, the NIR emission at around 950 -1 100 nm from Yb3+ (2F5/2 --> 2F7/2) was observed under the same excitation. The dependence of the visible and NIR-emissions on Yb3+ doping concentration has been investigated. These results show that there is energy transfer process between Tb2+ and Yb3+. Furthermore, it is a possible DC process through cooperative energy transfer from Tb3+ to Yb3+. When the doping concentration is 1% mol Tb3+ and 6% mol Yb3+ respectively, the intensity of NIR emission reaches its strongest.

Samples of Eu3+ /Yb3+ co-doped ZrO2 powders were prepared by co-precipitation method. The dependence on the sintering temperature and doping concentration of the structure and luminescence was studied. The results confirmed that the sintering temperature has significant influence on the crystalline phases of ZrO2. As the sintering temperature increased the tetragonal phase was transformed into monoclinic phase. After sintered at 1150 degrees C, single monoclinic phase was observed. In contrast, with the increase in the doping concentration of Yb3+, the crystalline phase was also changed, and the monoclinic phase was transformed back to tetragonal phase. With 1% Eu3+ and 10% Yb3+ doping, single tetragonal phase presents. It was observed that the luminescent properties of Eu3+ ions in two structures were different. Experiment results reveal that the luminescence can be affected by both sintering temperature and doping concentration. With single Yb3+ doping, no NIR emission was observed under ultraviolet light excitation (270 nm). However, with Eu3+/Yb3+ codoping, NIR emission around 980 nm from Yb3+ ((2)F(5/2)-->(2)F(7/2)) was observed under the same excitation. Furthermore, it is confirmed that Yb3+ has the same excitation spectrum with Eu3+. This down-conversion result indicates that there is an energy transfer process between Eu3+ and Yb3+. Cooperative energy transfer process and cross-relaxation process were assigned as the possible mechanism for the near-infrared emission of Yb3+.

A novel chemiluminescence system coupled with a reverse flow injection analysis for the determination of dopamine hydrochloride was presented. It is based on th e strong quench effect of dopamine hydrochloride on the chemiluminescence reaction between luminol and hexacyanoferrate(III) under alkaline condition. Various factors affecting the chemiluminescence intensity of the system were investigated. The possible mechanism of the proposed method was also studied. The decrease of chemiluminescence intensity was linear with the dopamine hydrochloride content in the range of 2.0 x 10(-9) -8.0 x 10(-7) g x mL(-1), the detection limit of the method was 1.14 x 10(-9) g x mL(-1), and the relative standard deviation was 0.99% (4.0 x 10(-7) g x mL(-1), n = 11). It was successfully used for the determination of the content of dopamine hydrochloride in dopamine hydrochloride injection.