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Biological reinforcement is a new branch that has developed in the field of engineering geology in recent years, among which, the microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) reinforcement technology is an effective method. MICP reinforcement technology utilizes the metabolic activity of widely existing microorganisms in nature to induce the precipitation of calcium carbonate with cementing and filling effects, thereby improving the strength of soil, reducing its permeability, and enhancing its engineering performance. Over the past two decades, significant progress has been made in theoretical research, model experiments, and field trials of MICP reinforcement technology. To promote a deeper understanding of MICP reinforcement technology, this paper systematically introduced the reinforcement mechanism and influencing factors of microbial-induced calcium carbonate reinforcement technology based on the current research on MICP reinforcement technology. In addition, the application of MICP reinforcement technology was discussed thoroughly. The current problems and challenges of MICP technology were analyzed in depth. The results show that the strengthening mechanism of MICP is formed based on microbial-induced mineralization, which includes the filling and cementation of soil pores by calcium carbonate precipitation. The influencing factors of the solidification effect of MICP mainly are the properties of bacterial solution and cementing solution, pH , temperature, soil type, and reinforcement method, by influencing the formation of calcium carbonate and cementing effect. The MICP reinforcement technology has shown great potential in soil reinforcement, crack resistance, impermeability, wind erosion resistance, and remediation of contaminated water/soil. At present, the MICP reinforcement technology still has some problems, including solidification uniformity, soil durability, economic benefits, environmental safety, and sustainability. To solve these problems, it is necessary to further integrate microbiology, soil mechanics, materials science, environmental science, and other disciplines to conduct in-depth research, which will help deepen the understanding of MICP reinforcement technology, promote MICP technology to achieve more comprehensive development in the engineering geological field, and further promote application of this technology.

Objective To investigate the awareness and influencing factors of topical corticosteroid (TCS) therapy among caregivers caring for children with eczema, in order to facilitate targeted medication education and improve medication compliance of children and treatment efficacy. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among caregivers of children with eczema who were admitted to the dermatology department of the Children's Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from December 2020 to March 2021. The questionnaire included caregivers' awareness of TCS and its side effects, children in compliance with TCS treatment, and methods to access related knowledge. The influencing factors of caregivers' awareness of TCS treatment for eczema were analyzed. Results Only 22.22% (38/171) of caregivers were aware of TCS well, while 16.37% (28/171) of caregivers were not aware of TCS at all. Moreover, 9.36% (16/171) of caregivers were fully aware of the side effects of TCS. Caregivers acquired knowledge about TCS treatment mainly from "network" (46.20%), patients or people around them (38.60%) and doctors (22.81%). About 62% (106/171) of the caregivers who took care of the children completely followed doctors' orders, while 35.08% (60/171) partially followed doctors' orders. Small proportion of caregivers (5/171, 2.92%) did not use TCS at all. Awareness of TCS and TCS side effects among caregivers differed with caregivers' age, education level and occupational status (all P0.05). Conclusions Caregivers of children with eczema have little awareness of TCS for the treatment of eczema, and caregivers' awareness of TCS and medication compliance are influenced by age and education level. Clinicians should pay attention to the differences in obtaining information about disease and medication among different population, strengthen publicity and popular science, promote rational drug use, and improve skin health management of children with eczema.

Under the trend of deep mining of coal resources, the problem of high temperature heat damage in mines is becoming increasingly serious, the heat source that causes high temperature heat damage in mines is actually sustainably used geothermal energy, extracting and utilizing geothermal energy from deep mines while mining coal is an innovative way to build green mines and reduce mine carbon dioxide emission. This paper summarizes the current situation of deep mineral and geothermal energy collaborative exploration at China and abroad, analyzes the feasibility in terms of processes and key equipment and finally proposes a system of coal-geothermal collaborative exploration. The system adopts closed cycle mode, including ground heat utilization system and underground extracting system, drilling horizontal holes and installing coaxial casing heat exchangers at the coal to extract the heat, and utilization of the extracted low-grade geothermal energy through the heat pump on ground. Adhering to the principle of “mining heat first and then mining” in terms of time and space coordination, the thermal mining face is divided in front of the mining work in advance, and two modes of sequential and alternating thermal mining are proposed to ensure that the thermal mining process does not interfere with the coal mining process. Analyzed key technologies including spatial collaborative design, coal seam drilling, efficient heat extraction, and intelligent monitoring and control. Conducted underground spatial collaborative design for coal mining and geothermal energy extraction, proposed a coaxial casing heat exchanger layout process based on coal seam water injection. Multiple combinations of quick assembly coaxial casing heat exchangers can be used to achieve efficient heat extraction. Building an intelligent monitoring and control platform and proposed relevant optimization models, building a heat extraction calculation model and propose an intelligent control heat extraction method. Simplify the heat transfer process of coal formations, construct a heat transfer model for heat extraction from coal to calculate and evaluate the heat capacity of the mining face based on its actual situation and the outlet airflow parameters. According to the heat transfer model, the initial temperature of coal, the coal transportation volume, and the outlet air flow temperature through mining face are the key parameters that determine the heat extraction from the coal. The heat extraction is the maximum when the moisture content of the air flow of the working face remains unchanged and the equivalent temperature of the air flow at the outlet of the working face is not higher than 28 ℃. The application of this system will converting heat damage of deep mine to useful resources, which not only solves the problem of heat damage of coal mining, but also realizes the comprehensive utilization of geothermal energy in deep mine.

Stacking fermentation is a crucial step in producing sauce-flavor Baijiu. The relationship between microbial diversity and volatile flavor substances is complex and dynamic. To better understand the correlation between microorganisms and flavor substances in Dongniang sauce-flavor Baijiu during the five-round stacking fermentation of Jiupei, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology and headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) were used to identify the microbial flora diversity and volatile flavor compounds. In addition, the Pearson correlation coefficient was computed, and a visualizable correlation network diagram was drawn based on the detection results. The results identified 55 volatile flavor compounds, including 25 esters, 5 alcohols, 7 aldehydes, 4 acids, 4 phenols, 3 alkanes, and 7 others. The main volatile components were ethyl lactate, phenylethyl alcohol, ethyl phenylacetate, and phenethyl acetate. The dominant microorganism genera in the floral structure were Virgibacillus, Kroppenstedtia, Bacillus, Oceanobaciillus, Thermomyces, Zygosaccharomyces, and Thermoascus. Kroppenstedtia, Monascus, Bacillus, and Zygosaccharomyces significantly affected flavor substances among the flora. Overall, the purpose and significance of this study are to provide a theoretical foundation for enhancing the quality of Dongniang sauce-flavor Baijiu.

Comprehending the changes in the microbial community and volatile substances throughout the post-ripening stage of chopped pepper radish is particularly important for revealing the formation of the distinctive flavor of fermented peppers. The microbial communities and volatile compounds of chopped pepper radish in the post-ripening stage were examined in this work using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), as well as their underlying correlations. Results indicated that 11 dominant fungal genera and 21 dominant bacterial genera (average relative abundance more than 1%) were filtered out. Sensory analysis showed that the flavor and taste of chopped pepper radish were significantly improved after post-ripening (P0.7 and P

In this study, the effects of electromagnetic field preservation and frozen storage on the preservation quality of Guizhou black goat were studied and compared. The changes of color, water holding capacity, pH, shear force, lipid oxidation value (TBARS), volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) and volatile flavor substances of Guizhou black goat meat were measured at different storage times (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 d). The results showed that the L* value of goat after electromagnetic field treatment for 15 d, the L* value was significantly higher than that of the frozen group. Electromagnetic field treatment can improve the a* and b* values of goat within 30 days. There was no significant change in pH between the two groups (P>0.05), but the decrease of pH in the frozen group was faster than that in the electromagnetic field group. Compared with the frozen group, the tenderness and water holding capacity of goat treated by electromagnetic field was significantly improved during 45 d of storage, while the cooking loss rate of frozen group decreased significantly. The TVB-N of goat in the electromagnetic field group and frozen group was less than the national safety standard (≤15 mg/100 g) during 45 d of storage. A total of 48 volatile flavor substances were detected in the freezing group and 54 in the electromagnetic field group, of which the contents of aldehydes, esters and alcohols were significantly increased. The key volatile flavor substances with ROAV≥1 of electromagnetic field storage were the most abundant and had higher relative contents. In conclusion, electromagnetic field preservation has a certain positive impact in preserving the quality and flavor of Guizhou black goat meat within 45 days. This study provides some theoretical basis for extending the shelf life of meat by electromagnetic field preservation technology.

The results of analysis of six macadamia oil samples showed that 15 types of fatty acid composition were detected by gas chromatography, the total amount of unsaturated fatty acids(UFA) accounted for 77.27%~81.02%, and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) accounted for 74.82%~79.44%, the unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) were mainly oleic acid and palmitoleic acid, accounted for 60.8%~62.5%, 11.3%~14.8% respectively. The physicochemical properties of macadamia oil samples met the requirements of vegetable oil quality standards, among which acid value and peroxide value were lower. Accelerated oxidation tests of 6 samples were detected by oven method. Temperature and time have obvious effects on macadamia oil, and the influence of temperature was more than that of time. Under different temperature conditions, the change trend of peroxide value and acid value of macadamia oil were 60 ℃>40 ℃>20 ℃, 60 ℃> 40 ℃> 20 ℃.

Objective To investigate the influence of different feeding ways on the incidence rate of complication in patients with congenital cleft lip and their family satisfaction degree. Methods A retrospective analysis were con⁃ ducted from 90 cases underwent surgery of congenital cleft lip with clinical data, were randomly assigned to the control group and the observation group, 45 cases in each. The control group routinely take spoon feeding way after surgery, whereas patients in the observation group does not change the feeding way in the past, continuely taking the nipple feed⁃ ing or breastfeeding. Wound infection rate, wound rupture rate, crying in the process of feeding and parents' satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The wound infection rate and wound rate of the observation group were 2.2% and 0 respectively, the control group were 4.4% and 0 respectively. There was no significant difference be⁃ tween the 2 groups in the 2 index (P > 0.05). In the observation group, the crying children were less than the control group, In the observation group, the degree of coordination, parental satisfaction and acceptance of feeding were 84.4%, 88.9%, 93.3%, respectively, the control group were 55.6%, 60.0%, 66.7%. The observation group were better than the control group. The differences between groups was statistically significant (c2 coordination degree = 8.94, c2satisfaction degree = 9.87, 2c recognition degree = 10.00, P < 0.05). Conclusion Children under the age of 1 with congenital grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ cleft lip do not change the way of feeding after surgery , who continue to take the bottle or breastfeeding can better meet the needs of children fed liquid diet, crying reduce, get parents' recogniton and reduce the burden on parents than the control group conventionally fed with a spoon.

[Objective] In the context of significant breakthroughs in black soil protection technologies, this study explored the impact of agricultural machinery services on farmers’ black soil protection behavior, to provide a theoretical support for mobilizing the enthusiasm of farmers in protecting land in the black soil region, promoting the sustainable use of black soil land resources, and building a solid foundation for food security. [Methods] Based on the survey data of farmers in typical black soil areas of Jilin Province in 2021, this study used the Oprobit model, conditional mixed process, and Sobel test to analyze and test the impact and mechanism of agricultural machinery services on farmers’ black soil protection behavior. [Results] (1) Agricultural machinery services had a positive incentive effect on farmers’ black soil protection behavior, which was still true after correcting for potential endogenous errors and selective errors, and was consistent using different variables and methods. (2) The impact of agricultural machinery services on different types of farmers’ black soil protection behavior had asymmetric characteristics. The incentive effect of agricultural machinery services outsourcing on the black soil protection behavior of large-scale farmers, professional farmers, and non-elderly farmers was greater than that of small farmers, part-time farmers, and elderly farmers. (3) Agricultural machinery services had a positive incentive effect on farmers’ black soil protection behavior. From the external objective level, agricultural machinery services promoted farmers’ adoption of black soil protection behavior by improving the availability of black soil protection technology. From the internal subjective level, agricultural machinery services promoted farmers’ adoption of black soil protection behavior by improving farmers’ value perception of black soil protection. [Conclusion] Therefore, agricultural machinery services and their organizations should be used as the media to leverage the external driving force of technology supply and the internal motivating effect of value perception, which will help to stimulate the enthusiasm of farmers for black soil protection.

GRIST (Global-Regional Integrated forecast SysTem), the kilometer-scale variable-resolution (VR) model, combines the virtues of both global and regional models. It can provide medium-term forecast products without lateral conditions while it is expected to reach a forecast level similar to that of high-precision regional models. To evaluate GRIST' s ability to simulate extreme weather events, this study uses the VR version of GRIST to conduct a hindcast experiment on the extremely heavy rainfall event that occurred in North China from July 29 to August 2, 2023. The simulation results are evaluated against satellite-gauge merged precipitation analysis (China Merged Precipitation Analysis, CMPA) and global reanalysis (the fifth generation of the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate, ERA5) data, and are also compared with five other operational numerical models (including global models, ECMWF and CMA-GFS, as well as regional models, CMA-MESO, CMA-SH, and CMA-BJ). Results indicate that both GRIST and five operational models can reproduce the occurrence of this heavy rainfall event at various degrees. From 08 BT 30 July to 08 BT 1 August, the period with the strongest precipitation during the event, the simulation performance of GRIST is optimal. The spatial correlation coefficient between GRIST and CMPA can reach up to 0.85, and the TS scores of precipitation at various intensities are at the levels of regional model forecasts. GRIST accurately simulated the large-scale circulation characteristics during this process, encompassing the location and extent of the Western Pacific Subtropical High, northward water vapor transport. Furthermore, it demonstrated a commendable capability in simulating the distribution and intensity of storm-relative helicity, a key indicator of the local circulation. The precise representation of circulation conditions at various scales by GRIST contributes significantly to its ability to characterize precipitation areas and the evolution of precipitation.

The ocean is the largest carbon pool on earth and plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. Marine organisms contribute over half of the global carbon fixed by photosynthesis every year. Therefore, much attention has been paid to the role of the ocean in the carbon cycle and carbon sequestration. Macroalgae are an important component of coastal ecosystems, with strong and highly efficient carbon fixation capacity. The net primary productivity (NPP) of macroalgae was higher than that of phytoplankton and other primary producers in coastal waters. Parts of the photosynthates are released into the sea in the form of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) during algae growth. Dissolved organic carbon and POC have attracted widespread attention because they can play important roles in carbon cycling and carbon sequestration in coastal ecosystems. However, the organic carbon release rate of macroalgae, its relationship with primary productivity, and the regulatory factors require further study. The growth of algae and the organic carbon release are influenced by temperature, light intensity, photoperiod, and other factors. However, organic carbon release rates among algae species might be quite different. Therefore, studying the regulatory effects of different factors on organic carbon release by algae and organic carbon release rate distribution has important implications for quantitatively evaluating the organic carbon release ability of algae and its contribution to the coastal ecosystem carbon cycle.In recent years, Sargassum horneri is the most common wild macroalgae in the Yellow Sea. Its ecological role in the coastal ecosystem has attracted widespread attention. Few studies have focused on organic carbon release by S. horneri. This study conducted an orthogonal experiment to measure DOC and POC release rates of S. horneri at different temperatures (5, 15, and 25 ℃), light intensity [86, 172, and 258 μmol/(m2·s)] and photoperiod (L: D=6 h: 18 h, L: D=12 h: 12 h, L: D=24 h: 0 h, L means light time, D means dark time) to study the organic carbon release rate of S. horneri, its relationship with NPP, and the main regulatory factors. The release rates of DOC were 0.653–4.785 mg/(g·h) and the release rates of POC were 0.066–0.322 mg/(g·h). There is an order of magnitude difference between DOC and POC. This indicated that DOC was the main form of organic carbon released by S. horneri. The highest DOC release rate [4.785 mg/(g·h)] occurred at 25 ℃, 172 μmol/(m2·s) light intensity, and L: D = 6 h: 18 h. The highest POC release rate [0.322 mg/(g·h)] occurred at 25 ℃, 258 μmol/(m2·s) light intensity, and L: D = 24 h: 0 h. The organic carbon release ability of S. horneri is consistent with previous studies of other macroalgae.This study found that changes in temperature and light conditions significantly affect the ability of S. horneri to release organic carbon. Temperature was the main factor affecting the release rate of DOC; the DOC release rate increases with increasing temperature. The DOC release rate initially increases, then decreases with increasing light intensity; it increases with a decrease in the photoperiod. Light intensity was the main factor influencing the POC release rate; increasing light intensity and photoperiod accelerated the POC release rate. However, the POC release rate slightly decreased when the light intensity increased from 172 to 258 μmol/(m2·s). There was a greater POC release rate under extreme temperature stress (5 and 25 ℃).This study showed that a proportion of DOC and POC in NPP were unstable in macroalgae. The range of DOC/NPP was 4%–130%. POC/NPP was relatively concentrated to approximately 0.4%–5.9%. The NPP was significantly lower in the experimental group with a high ratio of organic carbon compared with other experimental groups. The DOC release rate negatively correlated with NPP, but the negative correlation was poor in the low temperature groups. There was no significant correlation between the POC release rate and NPP. POC/NPP was relatively stable [approximately (1±0.6)% when NPP>9 mg C/(g·h)]. The growth pressure of S. horneri was high when NPP

In order to study the effect of typical transition metal ions on coal spontaneous combustion under low temperature oxidation conditions, the transition metal ions of lignite (HM), gas coal (QM) and fertilizer coal (FM) were determined, and Fe (Ⅲ), Mn (Ⅲ) and Cu (Ⅱ), which are abundant in transition metal ions and have strong oxidation, were selected as the research objects. The charge distribution, frontier orbitals and Laplacian bond levels were analyzed by the quantum chemistry calculation method, and the existence of active sites was proved. Two reaction processes of Ar—CH2—CH3 to Ar—CO—CH3 with or without transition metal ions were investigated, and the thermodynamic parameters were obtained by model optimization, transition state calculation and IRC verification. The calculation results show that the activation energy barrier is 164.18 kJ/mol without transition metal ion and 158.72 kJ/mol with transition metal ion. The effect of transition metal ion on the total reaction rate is not significant. With the participation of Fe (Ⅲ), Mn (Ⅲ) and Cu (Ⅱ), the total heat releases of the reaction are 1535.52, 1834.97 and 365.93 kJ/mol, respectively, which are higher than the heat release from the oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons by oxygen molecules (319.93 kJ/mol). The free energy barriers of C—H in oxidized aliphatic hydrocarbons are 42.79, 4.30 and 117.29 kJ/mol, respectively, which are all lower than the activation energies of C—H oxidation by oxygen molecules (146.38 kJ/mol). The order of C—H oxidation capacity of transition metal ions from high to low is Mn (Ⅲ), Fe (Ⅲ) and Cu (Ⅱ). During the reaction process, the formation of ·OH and H+ is accompanied by further reaction with the coal structure to accelerate the spontaneous combustion process of coal. In order to verify the accuracy of the simulation results, the time and concentration of CO gas products in four different coal samples were measured by temperature programmed gas chromatography. It was found that the temperature points of CO gas products in four coal samples were similar. The coal samples with manganese ion added produced CO gas products at 90 ℃, while the other three coal samples produced CO gas products at 100 ℃. The concentration of CO gas products from large to small is Mn (Ⅲ), Fe (Ⅲ), Cu (Ⅱ) and raw coal sample, which is consistent with the calculated results. With the increase of temperature, the effect of Mn (Ⅲ) on increasing the rate of CO production gradually weakens, and the effect of iron and copper ions on catalytic coal spontaneous combustion is gradually significant. The experimental results have a certain correlation with the simulation results. Compared with oxygen molecules, transition metal ions in coal are more likely to oxidize C—H, which not only causes the free radical chain reaction to occur earlier, but also increases the heat release of the reaction and the production of ·OH and H+, thus promoting spontaneous combustion of coal. This has reference significance for the mechanism of spontaneous combustion of transition metal catalyzed coal.

Aiming at the development problems of deep coal reservoirs, such as deep burial, low permeability and complex stress field, this paper clarifies that the resource enrichment conditions, effective fracturing volume, effective horizontal section length, and good reservoir conditions are the key factors for high productivity on the basis of summarizing the exploration and development practice of the Daning-Jixian Block in the past five years. Under the guidance of the theory of “artificial gas reservoir” development, a technical system for the efficient development of deep coalbed methane was preliminarily established as follows. ① According to the reservoir resource conditions, structural preservation conditions and engineering fracturing conditions, a total of 11 indicators in three categories established the geological-engineering “dessert” evaluation standards of deep coalbed methane. ② Based on the techniques such as microstructural characterization, multi-scale fracture prediction, and 3D geological model construction, the quantitative and visual characterization of all elements of “geology + engineering” of deep coal seam was achieved. ③ Based on the guiding idea of “geological small scale, three-dimensional seismic microscale, drill along the target, less adjustment and fast drilling”, a three-stage geological-engineering geo-steering technology with an excellent design of pre-drilling trajectory, precise target entry and post-target fine-tuning as the core was developed.④ The optimization design of the five-in-one well network based on “in-situ stress field, natural fracture field, artificial fracture field, well type and orientation, well network and well spacing” realized the maximization of resource utilization and the maximization of gas field recovery. ⑤ According to the occurrence characteristics, seepage mechanism and production characteristics of deep coalbed methane, a reasonable production capacity evaluation and EUR prediction technology based on the rate-transient analysis method, the empirical production decline method, the numerical simulation method, and the empirical analogy method was formed. ⑥ Following to the design principle of “four-in-one” precision fracturing section and “fracture staggering + differentiation between fracturing segments”, a large-scale volumetric fracturing technology aimed at constructing artificial gas reservoirs was proposed.⑦ According to the characteristics of gas-water variation in gas wells, the optimal control technology of drainage and production in different production stages through the whole life cycle of wells was put forwarded. ⑧ Combined with the current progress of AI technology, and the characteristics of deep coalbed methane development law, gathering and transportation, the technology of gathering, transportation and digital intelligence integrating geological, engineering, and ground aspects was explored. Under the guidance of this achievement, 29 horizontal wells that have been put into production，with an initial production of 5×104−16×104 m3/d, an average of 10.2×104 m3/d, and the daily gas production of the block has exceeded 3 million cubic meters, which has important guiding significance for accelerating the large-scale production of deep coalbed methane in the eastern margin of the Ordos basin. Also the study establishes a reference and standard for the efficient development of similar resources.

Aquaculture in large water bodies has become an important culture mode of Litopenaeus vannamei in coastal waters. Fractionated chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and environmental factors of the large water ponds with high salinity (54, n=3) and the control ponds (32, n=3) were investigated from May to July 2020 to explore the variations in Chl-a, phytoplankton particle size, and the response to environmental factors during the aquaculture season. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between the environmental factors and the size-fractionated Chl-a concentration. Partial redundancy analysis (RDA) was applied to assess the effects of environmental factors (including silicate, active phosphate, ammonia salt, nitrite, nitrate, water temperature, salinity, dissolved organic nitrogen, and dissolved organophosphorus) on total Chl-a, Chl-a of micro phytoplankton (micro Chl-a), Chl-a of nano phytoplankton (nano Chl-a), and Chl-a of pico phytoplankton (pico Chl-a). The following results were obtained:1) Diurnal variation of Chl-a: Total Chl-a of the high-salinity group showed no significant diurnal variation (P > 0.05). Total Chl-a of the control group showed significant diurnal change in May and June (P < 0.05). The highest value of total Chl-a in May occurred at 15:00, while the highest value of that in June was at 08:00. For size-fractionated Chl-a, pico Chl-a in the high-salinity group showed significant diurnal variation in July (P < 0.05), with the highest value appearing at 12:00. Micro Chl-a in the control group showed significant diurnal changes in May, June, and July (P < 0.05), and nano Chl-a in the control group showed significant diurnal changes in June (P < 0.05).2) Monthly changes of Chl-a: The lowest and highest values of total Chl-a occurred in June and July, respectively. Total Chl-a in July was significantly higher than that in May and June (P < 0.05). For size-fractionated Chl-a, the pico Chl-a and nano Chl-a of the high-salinity group in July were significantly higher than those in May and June (P < 0.05) and showed no significant difference between May and June (P > 0.05). Pico Chl-a, nano Chl-a, and micro Chl-a of the control group in July were significantly higher than those in May and June (P < 0.05) and showed no significant difference between May and June (P > 0.05).3) Contribution of size-fractionated phytoplankton in high-salinity and control groups: The contribution of micro Chl-a, nano Chl-a, and pico Chl-a to total Chl-a in the high-salinity group were (15.64±0.16)%, (73.81±0.13)%, and (10.55±0.06)%, respectively. Nano Chl-a was dominant in May, June, and July. The contribution of pico Chl-a increased from 6.43% in May to 16.81% in July, and exceeded that of micro Chl-a. The contributions of micro Chl-a, nano Chl-a, and pico Chl-a to total Chl-a in the control group were (52.29±0.10)%, (41.82±0.10)%, and (5.59±0.01)%, respectively. Micro Chl-a concentration had a major advantage in May and June, accounting for 59.64% and 57.49%, respectively. Nano Chl-a concentration accounted for 35.46% and 36.90%, respectively. By July, nano Chl-a had a major advantage, contributing to 53.09%.4) Pearson correlation analysis showed no significant correlation between the diurnal variation of Chl-a and the environmental factors of the high-salinity group in May and June (P < 0.05). Yet, the concentrations of nano Chl-a and total Chl-a were negatively correlated with the concentration of nitrate in July (P < 0.05). The concentrations of micro Chl-a and total Chl-a were positively correlated with those of silicate (P < 0.05). For the control group, Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between nano Chl-a and water temperature (P < 0.05). Total Chl-a and phosphate were negatively correlated in May (P < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between pico Chl-a and nitrate in July (P < 0.05).5) For the high-salinity group, RDA revealed a significant positive correlation between Chl-a and water temperature, and the contribution of nano Chl-a increased with the increase in temperature. Total Chl-a was positively correlated with silicate and negatively correlated with phosphate, dissolved organic nitrogen, and dissolved organophosphorus in the high-salinity group. For the control group, RDA showed that total Chl-a was positively correlated with dissolved organic nitrogen and negatively correlated with silicate and nitrite. In general, Chl-a in high-salinity ponds has a small diurnal variation, and the phytoplankton particle size gradually decreased with cultivation, which may be caused by the increasing temperature and high organic nitrogen concentration.

In order to explore the change characteristics of organic group chemical structure of coal after liquid CO2 leaching and acidification, liquid CO2 leaching and acidification coal sample experiments were carried out on anthracite at 25 ℃ and 3 MPa. The changes of functional groups in the process of CO2 leaching and acidification were analyzed by Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that swelling, dissolution, extraction, bond dissociation and substitution are the main reactions in the liquid CO2 leaching process, and different types of addition reactions occur in the liquid CO2 acidification process besides the above reactions. The above reactions result in dissolution and recombination of different types of functional groups, small molecule phase organic matter and large molecule phase organic matter. In addition, the aromaticity and condensation degree of coal samples are improved after liquid CO2 leaching and acidification.

To explore the extraction and purification process of ferulic acid from corn bran, ferulic acid from corn husks was extracted by ultrasound-assisted alkali alcohol method. The best extraction conditions were obtained by using the content of ferulic acid in the crude extract of corn husk as the index through single factor tests and response surface optimization test. Further purification of corn ferulic acid was used macroporous adsorption resin method, and suitable resin was selected by static adsorption method. Determined the optimal sample loading amount in the dynamic adsorption method, and obtained the optimal purification process conditions using recovery rate as an indicator through single factor experiments and response surface optimization experiment. Results showed that, the best extraction conditions of ferulic acid from corn bran were obtained as follows: Solid-liquid ratio 1:12 g/mL, mass concentration of lye was 4%, alkali-alcohol ratio was 2:1, ultrasound time 30 min, ultrasonic thermometer 59℃, ultrasonic power 229 W, and the amount of ferulic acid extracted could reached 22.31 mg/g under these conditions. The purification of ferulic acid was performed using HPD-100 macroporous adsorption resin. The optimal loading volume was 6 times the bed volume. The optimal purification process conditions are as follows: Sample loading concentration 0.3 mg/mL, loading flow rate 3 mL/min, mass concentration of ethanol 75%, elution flow rate 1 mL/min. Under these conditions, the recovery rate of ferulic acid from corn peel was up to 95.17%, and the purity of ferulic acid was 81.56%. This experiment increased the added value of corn brans, and would provide the theoretical basis and data support for the further processing of corn brans and the development of ferulic acid.

This research endeavors to investigate the development characteristics, spatial-temporal distribution, and cause of karst collapses in Chengnan community, Yingcheng Street, Yingde City, Guangdong Province. Various technological means such as ground investigation, geophysical exploration, and drilling were employed to examine the collapses discovered in the study area, along with systematic data collection on environmental geologic conditions, historical disasters, and water-level monitoring in the study area and its surrounding areas. The results show that: (1) The karst collapses in the study area constitute an extremely large geological disaster, affecting an area of 0.6 km2, with 31 consecutive eruptions. Most of the surface collapse pits in the study area are small-scale, while a few are medium and large-scale. The planar shape of the collapse pits is primarily circular and elliptical, while the cross-section shape is mainly cylindrical. (2) The occurrence of karst collapses in the study area is influenced by geological structure, covering-layer of soil, atmospheric rainfall, hydrogeological characteristics, and human activities. Among these factors, geological structure, covering-layer of soil, and hydrogeological characteristics are considered as primary factors, whereas atmospheric rainfall and human activities act as inducing factors after a comprehensive assessment. (3) To conclude, the karst collapses erupted in the study area can be categorized as “the mode of collapse near rivers in subsurface karst areas”. During the causal analysis, priority should be given to considering water level fluctuations, pumping, and drainage. Subsequently, other influencing factors should be taken into account based on specific conditions, providing valuable insights for future research on karst collapses erupted near rivers.

The development of smart healthcare systems that are accurate and efficient may be used to improve the health and well-being of different age groups. These systems should incorporate a human-centered design approach to ensure that products and services meet user needs and that systems are userfriendly. In this study, an "education for sustainability" perspective is used in tandem with humanfactors engineering and human-computer interaction techniques to achieve a creative dimensional design within a workshop setting. Workshop settings help learners transcend the limitations of traditional classroom education by encouraging them to integrate their daily needs and develop feasible healthcare solutions. Using an iterative process, proposed designs are repeatedly validated and prototypes are continuously improved. We hope that this article provides educators with a better sustainable educational perspective that they may use to construct accurate and efficient smart healthcare systems that meet the needs of users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the diffusion characteristics of CO2 in low-permeability raw coal under subcritical conditions (gas pressure lower than 6 MPa and temperature lower than 39 ℃), the CO2 adsorption/desorption experiments and diffusion experiments were carried out by the volumetric method to study adsorption/desorption and diffusion characteristics of CO2 in raw coal. The results show that the increase of pressure will promote the adsorption of CO2 by coal, and the increase of temperature will inhibit the adsorption of CO2 by coal, and there is a desorption hysteresis phenomenon in the adsorption/desorption process of CO2 in raw coal. When the equilibrium pressure is constant, the diffusion amount of CO2 in the raw coal at different temperatures is positively related to the diffusion time, the CO2 diffusion rate is inversely proportional to the diffusion time, and the CO2 diffusion coefficient D increases with the increase of temperature. Under the medium and low pressure environment, the temperature change within a certain range (15-35 ℃) has little effect on the diffusion rate of CO2 in the raw coal. When the equilibrium temperature is constant, the amount of CO2 diffusion in the raw coal under different pressures is proportional to the diffusion time, the CO2 diffusion rate is inversely proportional to the diffusion time, and the CO2 diffusion coefficient D increases with the increase of pressure; when the temperature is 15 ℃, within a certain range, the pressure change (0.5-3.5 MPa) has very little effect on the diffusion rate of CO2 in the raw coal.

Objective: To investigate the effects of corn ferulic acid on lipid metabolism and liver injury in hyperlipidemic rats. Significance: To improve the added value of corn husk and provide theoretical basis and data support for the health effect of corn ferulic acid. Methods: Eight rats were randomly selected as the normal group, and the rest rats were fed with high-fat diet to establish the hyperlipidemia rat model. The hyperlipidemia rats were randomly divided into positive control group, model group and corn ferulic acid high, medium and low dose groups. After 42 days of gavage, the liver index, blood lipid, antioxidant index and liver sections were measured. Results: Compared with the model group, corn ferulic acid reduced 0.23% of the body weight growth rate and 0.14% of the liver index of the hyperlipidemic rats. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in hyperlipidemic rats were decreased by 25.45%, 52%, 48.28%, 29.81%, 16.63%, and 51.95%, respectively. The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPH-Px), catalase (CAT) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were increased by 123.54%, 153.89%, 209.9% and 56.76%. Corn ferulic acid can improve the liver tissue structure of hyperlipidemia rats. Conclusion: Corn ferulic acid can reduce the body weight and liver index of hyperlipidemia rats, improve blood lipid metabolism, improve antioxidant ability, and alleviate liver damage caused by hyperlipidemia.

This is a paper in the field of mineral processing engineering. Copper smelting slag is a kind of important secondary resource of copper. Crushing is the basis and prerequisite for the separation and enrichment of copper minerals in copper smelting slag. Based on the analysis of process mineralogy, the mechanical properties of the main copper minerals, natural copper and chalcocite, and the main gangue mineral glass in copper smelting slag were determined, including uniaxial compressive strength, bending strength, impact strength, and ductility. The relationship between mechanical properties of minerals and grinding were studied. The results showed that the main copper minerals, natural copper and chalcocite, in copper smelting slag were with lower uniaxial compressive strength, bending strength, and impact strength than glass, so they were both more likely to be crushed than glass.Natural copper had better ductility to be ground in the form of coarse-grained flakes and could be separated from other minerals. Poor ductility of chalcocite made it easier to be ground into fine-grained products.The grinding results of copper smelting slag were consistent with the analysis of mineral mechanical properties, which indicated that it was effective and feasible to analyze and study the mineral crushing by mineral mechanical properties.

目的 探讨抗-CD47单抗对输血相容性检测的影响及处理措施。方法 对1名具有抗-CD47单抗用药史的患者血液标本进行输血相容性检测，分析抗-CD47单抗效价，鉴定巯基试剂对抗-CD47单抗的洗脱效果，利用中和抗体及抗球蛋白筛选与患者相配合的血液成分。结果 患者血型鉴定为A型，RhD(＋)，不规则抗体筛查、DAT试验、交叉配血均为3＋或4＋。利用中和抗体或Gamma-clone抗球蛋白均可为患者筛选到主侧配血相合的红细胞。患者输注后无不良反应，贫血状况得到明显改善。结论 利用中和抗体或Gamma-clone抗球蛋白处理患者血液标本，可以消除抗-CD47单抗对输血相容性检测的影响，保障临床用血的安全性、及时性和有效性。

[Introduction] This paper adoptes the methods based on parametric study and CPT in-situ test for analysis and calculation, the preliminary analysis is carried out according to the actual construction data. By doing this, the self-weight penetration of monopiles can be better and faster predicted and the risks in monopile installation are significantly reduced. [Method] Modified the design input parameters by API recommended pile capacity theory, combined with error analysis, the predicted self-weight penetration was compared to the real data on site. [Result] The analysis results show that there is a great difference in prediction of self-weight penetration due to the different reduction strength coefficient \begin{document}$ {S}_{\mathrm{r}} $\end{document} in the process of calculating clay self-weight penetration and pile running analysis. At the same time, the selection of reduction strength coefficient is different between the self-weight penetration and pile running process. [Conclusion] Through comparative analysis, the value range of clay strength reduction coefficient \begin{document}$ {S}_{\mathrm{r}} $\end{document} of Guangdong sea area is obtained, which can provide a design reference for the following offshore pile penetration operations. It's also proved that the CPT can be used to better predict self-weight penetration and pile running phenomenon.

The Men Lei Zeng Guang Shi Zhu Du Gong Bu Shi (門類增廣十注杜工部詩) collected by National Library of China, is one of the rare surviving editions of Song dynasty. After examination, the taboo words in this book were taboo to Song emperor Xiao Zong (宋孝宗), but not to Guang Zong (光宗), Ning Zong (寧宗), and Li Zong (理宗). Therefore, this edition was assumed to have been block printed during the reign of Emperor Xiao Zong of Song (1162–1189). The relationship between this book and Jiu Jia Ji Zhu Du Shi (九家集注杜詩) is not relationship of adding and subtracting annotations as William Hung (洪業) believes, but separate compilations. It is found that the names of the Xin Tian (新添) and Ji Zhu (集注) notations in this book have been changed among Du Ji (杜集) of Song dynasty, showing that this book appeared earlier in the development chain of the Du Shi Ji Zhu (杜詩集注). The difference between this book and the Fen Men Ben (分門本) about Wei Su Zhu (偽蘇注) is important for study of the origin and evolution of it. From the aspects of categorization, volume arrangement, and actual poetry collection, there exists a close version relationship between this book and Fen Men Ben. All the above points indicate that this book preserves the original information about Du Shi Ji Zhu in the early period, which is of great significance to the development of Du Shi Ji Zhu in the Song dynasty.(Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

Objective: The correlation degree between organic acids and microbial community structure of pit mud (PM) with different depths in new PM (3 years old) and old PM (30 years old) was analyzed in order to understand the aging and maturation rule of PM in vertical dimension. Methods: Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the succession of microbial community structure in PM, and the interaction between organic acids and microorganisms was analyzed by correlation analysis. Results: There was a significant difference between the deep (4~10 cm) and shallow (0~4 cm) layers of pit mud in the vertical dimension. Caproiciproducens occupied the dominant position in shallow pit mud of old pit cellar, while Fastidiosipila and Hydrogenispora occupied the dominant position in deep pit mud. In the new pit mud, Lactobacillus played a dominant role in both shallow and deep pit mud. The relative abundance of Bacillus and Clostridium sensu stricto 12 increased with the increase of pit mud depth. The shallow pit mud was positively correlated with water, acetic acid, hexanoic acid, lactic acid, butyric acid and humus, while the deep pit mud was positively correlated with NH4+-N, available phosphorus and pH. Correlation analysis of organic acids and microorganisms showed that Caloramatoraceae was positively correlated with organic acid synthesis in the old pit cellar. Lactobacillus and Hydrogenispora in the new pit were positively correlated with organic acid synthesis. Caproiciproducens was positively correlated with organic acid content in new and old cellars. Conclusion: The results of this study can clarify the prokaryotic community structure and physicochemical factors of vertical dimension of pit mud in the bottom of new and old pit mud, and provide reference for guiding the maturation and stability of pit mud.

In this experiment, degreased kidney bean protein was used as raw material. The effects of different ultrasonic conditions on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of kidney bean protein were analyzed by solubility, emulsification and total antioxidant capacity. The results showed that compared with the untreated group, when the ultrasonic time was 20 min and the power was 400 W, the hydrolysis degree and solubility of kidney bean protein reached the maximum value, which increased from 3.34% to 20.10% and 56.83% to 79.63%, respectively. Foamability and foamability stability of kidney bean protein were significantly enhanced after ultrasonic treatment (P

Using defatted adzuki bean protein as raw material, the effects of different ultrasonic power and time on the physical and chemical properties and antioxidant function of adzuki bean protein were studied by using hydrolysis degree, foaming ability and total antioxidant capacity. After treatment with ultrasonic power of 400 W for 20 min, the hydrolysis degree and solubility of adzuki bean protein reached the maximum value, which increased from 3.39% to 21.30% and 46.77% to 79.63%, respectively. Emulsification and emulsification stability were significantly enhanced (P

With the expansion of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) applications and the development of SAR data acquisition technology, multiangle SAR datasets of various typical targets need to be constructed. Presently, a comprehensive multiangle SAR image dataset for aircraft targets is still lacking. This study explores a method of dataset construction based on the acquisition of actual data and intelligent simulation. Multiangle SAR images of aircraft targets are collected through flight tests, and the interpolation simulations of SAR images of specific angles are realized based on scattering analysis and self-attention generative adversarial network, which provide a new solution for dataset construction and expansion. Finally, under the assumption that some data are missing, the similarities between the simulated and actual images are evaluated using six evaluation indices, which verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Coastal reclamation has negative impacts on the marine eco-environment and leads to the loss of marine ecosystem services, and it is very important to evaluate the value of marine ecosystem services for the intensive and economical utilization of marine resources and the sustainable development. Based on the characteristics of ecosystem services of Zhifu Bay (ZFB) of Yantai in Shandong Province, a functional value method was adopted, and four ecosystem service indicators were selected, including provisioning service, regulating service, supporting service and cultural service to establish an evaluation model. The evaluation model of the coastal ecosystem services was optimized, and the value loss of marine ecosystem services caused by coastal reclamation in the ZFB was evaluated. The results showed that the total loss of marine ecosystem service value caused by the coastal reclamation of the ZFB for 40 years was 2.95×107 yuan/a, with unit area 3.72×104 yuan/ (hm2·a), of which the annual loss of provisioning service was the largest, accounting for 56.95% of the total loss, followed by the cultural service, the supporting service and the regulating service, accounting for 27.28%, 8.10% and 7.67%, respectively. The rich fishery resources and developed tourism in the ZFB were the main factors that caused the high value loss of provisioning service and cultural service. The evaluation of marine ecosystem services in the present study would provide the scientific basis for ecological compensation of reclamation in the ZFB, and contribute to improving the utilization efficiency of marine space resource. It would also provide scientific support for the rational development and utilization of marine natural resources.

In order to study the spatial distribution of microorganisms and volatile compounds in pit mud, solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the main volatile compounds in pit mud, and Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to analyze the composition of microbial community in pit mud. The results of the study showed that the volatile components in the pit mud were mainly esters and acids, accounting for 73.01% to 98.36%, and they continued to increase with the increase of the depth of the pit. A total of 10 phyla, 15 classes, 21 orders, 42 families, and 64 genera of prokaryotic microorganisms were detected in the pit mud samples. The dominant flora accounted for 98.86%~99.93% of the total number of bacteria at the phylum level, and Firmicutes was the absolute dominant flora. The Shannon index increased from 2.130 to 4.970, the Simpson index increased from 0.557 to 0.932, and the ACE index and Chao1 index were the highest at the bottom of the pool, at 114.523 and 114.50, respectively. Results of α-diversity indicated that the abundance and diversity of microbial flora in the lower part of the pool wall and pit mud at the bottom of the pool were higher than that in the upper and middle parts of the pool wall, which was consistent with the type and content distribution of volatile substances. Dominant bacteria such as Clostridium and Methanobacter were the main microorganisms which could carry out microbial metabolism and inter-species material exchange, and produce important aroma substances and their precursors. As the depth of space increased, they continued to react and accumulate, closely related to spatial location of the mud. Spatial difference was an important reason for the differences in the composition of prokaryotic microbes and volatile substances in different spatial locations of pit mud.

The petroleum geological elements and main controlling factors of the Middle-Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Group in the eastern Sichuan Basin were systematically analyzed on the basis of geological outcrops and drilling data. Results showed that the reservoir lithology of the Xixiangchi Group was mainly micritic and silt-crystal dolomites, and the reservoir space was dominated by dolomite inter-crystalline pores, inter-crystalline dissolved pores and karst caves, etc., at the meantime, the reservoir quality is generally poor. The Xixiangchi Group was vertically composed by two sets of source rocks strata: the underlying Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation and the overlying Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation. The Silurian shale and the Lower Ordovician argillaceous rocks acted as regional and local cap rocks of the Xixiangchi Group. High-quality reservoirs are the necessary prerequisite for hydrocarbon accumulation in the Xixiangchi Group, and the source-reservoir spatial configuration and its effectiveness are the key factors to hydrocarbon accumulation. Though the Xixiangchi Group could have been charged by natural gas generated from the underlying and the overlying source rocks, it is difficult for the natural gas generated from the underlying source rocks to migrate up to the Xixiangchi Group due to the barrier of the Cambrian gypsum layers. However, the faulted anticlines developed over the Cambrian gypsum layer were favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation because they could change and construct a series of effective source-reservoir spatial configuration between the Wufeng-Longmaxi source rocks and the Xixiangchi reservoirs, and finally formed reservoirs with "young source in old reservoir" in the Xixiangchi Group.

The design of the existing pipe-climbing robot often focused on adaptability，obstacle climbing ability and load capacity，which cannot meet the comprehensive requirements of all aspects of performance in the actual operation. Therefore，based on the bionics theory and the metamorphic theory，a new kind of pipe-climbing robot is designed，which has the performance of adaptability，obstacle climbing ability and load capacity. The static models of the metamorphic grippers and the robot are established，and the gripper force and the friction force of the foot are analyzed under three conditions. The gait of climb in the vertical pipe robot climbing and flip movement is designed，and based on the Adams，pipe-climbing robot kinematics and dynamics simulation are analyzed. The clamping force and the friction force in the process of climbing pipe change rule is obtained. And the stability of the robot in the line movement is realized. Therefore the correctness of the structure design and mechanics model of the robot is verified.

Background: Dyspnea is a subjective symptom of breathing discomfort that is commonly experienced by terminally ill patients in the last few weeks of life. Fans have been used to reduce breathlessness in clinical practice for terminally ill patients. However, reviews in the systematic literature are insufficient to make definite conclusions regarding the effectiveness of this intervention and to provide a consistent protocol for clinical application. Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects and clinical application of using fans in dyspnea patients. Methods: A systematic review was used. Relevant articles published prior to September 2017 were retrieved from electronic databases including PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane CENTRAL. Keywords and MeSH terms were identified for each PICO (participant, intervention, comparison, outcome) element, including dyspnea, breathless, breath shortness, breathing difficulty or labored respiration, fan, and scale. A total of 41 articles that matched the search criteria were extracted. After screening the topics, deleting repetitions, and doing critical appraisals, three randomized controlled trials were selected for further analysis. The GRADE (grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation) quality of evidence rating was intermediate. Results: The systematic review of the three articles revealed that a fan set at low speed with facial cooling of the 2nd and 3rd branches of the trigeminal nerve as soon as possible for 5 minutes and at a distance that is comfortable for the participant may relieve subjective feelings of dyspnea in nonhypoxic patients (e.g., cardiopulmonary disease and cancer) better than drugs and oxygen treatment alone. Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Reducing the subjective feelings of dyspnea is the first step for nonhypoxic patients. Using a fan to relieve dyspnea is an evidence-based, non-invasive, economical, and effective nonpharmacological palliative intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chemotherapy may induce peripheral neuropathy, which often results in the chemotherapy dose being reduced or the chemotherapy regimen being stopped. At present, there are no treatment guidelines for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Glutamine is one of the treatment strategies currently applied in practice. This strategy is expensive and lacks clear evidence as to its efficacy. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of oral glutamine on CIPN in cancer patients. Methods: PICO (population- intervention- comparison- outcome) was used to focus the problem: P: cancer patient; I: glutamine, L-glutamine; C: usual care; O: alleviate, reduce, improve, and prevent. Databases searched included Airiti Library, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and PubMed. Three randomized clinical trials and two quasi-experimental designs were evaluated using evidence-based appraisal. Results: Four studies used 30 g/day of glutamine either at the beginning of chemotherapy or at 24 hours after the beginning of chemotherapy. The shortest duration for taking glutamine was four days and longest duration was two months. The incidences of CIPN-induced pain were significantly different (risk ratio = 0.26; 95% CI [0.09, 0.70], Z = 2.65, p = .008) between the intervention and control groups. The incidences of CIPN grading, numbness, and muscle weakness were not significantly different between the intervention and control groups. From an economic point of view, the clinical efficacy of taking glutamine does not justify the additional daily cost to the patient of NT$500 (about US$17). Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Because of the small sample size, minimal effects of glutamine, and no significant decrease in risk, we do not suggest routinely using oral glutamine to prevent or reduce CIPN symptoms in cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of survival rate after replantation of severed palm and fingers and related nursing strategies. Methods The clinical data of 68 patients undergoing replantation of severed palm or severed finger were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analysis and logistic regression model were performed to identify potential factors influencing the survival rate after replantation. Results There were 43 patients whose amputated finger(s) or palm survived after replantation. The logistic regressive analysis showed that completely severed injury, long time before admission, poor elasticity of the soft tissues of the finger pulp, poor capillary refilling reaction after surgery, purple or blue finger(s), development of thrombosis, vasospasm and severe anxiety were independent factors influencing the survival rate after replantation. Conclusion Influencing factors of survival rate after replantation included completely severed injury, long time before admission, low skin temperature after surgery, poor elasticity of the soft tissues of the finger pulp, poor capillary refilling reaction after surgery, purple or blue finger, development of thrombosis, vasospasm and severe anxiety. Targeted nursing interventions should be carried out to improve the survival rate after replantation. (目的 探讨断指断掌再植术后影响成活率的相关因素及护理对策。方法 回顾性分析2013年1月—2019年12月医院骨外科收治的68例断指断掌行再植术患者的临床资料, 应用Logistic回归分析影响再植成活率的危险因素, 并探讨相应的护理措施。结果 68例患者中再植成活43例, 再植未成活25例。Logistic回归分析结果显示, 完全离断、伤后就诊时间长 、术后指腹弹性差 、术后毛细血管反应差 、术后断指颜色一般 、有血栓形成 、有血管痉挛 、重度焦虑为影响断指断掌再植术后成活率的独立危险因素 (P

Aiming at the problems of the single flight mode and inflexible flight attitude，a variable amplitude flapping wing aircraft is designed. By adjusting the flapping amplitude， the flapping wing motion attitude and flight mode can be switched. The kinematics model of flapping wing mechanism with variable amplitude is established to analyze the kinematic characteristics of flapping wing mechanism based on the joint simulation of Adams and Matlab. The aerodynamic model of flapping wing with multiple flight modes is established to analyze the aerodynamic characteristics of flapping wing mechanism with variable amplitude by XFLR5 software. According to set relevant parameters， various flight modes such as take-off， fast flight and slow cruise have been realized and the flexibility of flapping wing aircraft is improved， which provides a research basis for the further development of flapping wing aircraft in the future.

The formation and evolution of agricultural industrial clusters experience a life cycle comprising different stages, accompanied by different paths, networks, and institutional characteristics. Foreign capital-driven agricultural industrial clusters and local endogenous clusters show different development characteristics at different life cycle stages. This study aims to provide a useful reference for promoting the local embeddedness and innovation network construction of clusters, thus strengthening the cooperation and co-innovation evolution between foreign capital-driven clusters and local endogenous clusters. Taking Zhangping City, Fujian Province, as the research area, combined with field research and a semi-structured interview, this paper establishes the research framework of "path-network-institution" evolution. Further, it attempts to analyze the evolution process of their co-development based on the comparative study of the evolution paths and essences of Zhangping Yongfu High-mountain tea and the Narcissus tea industrial cluster. In doing so, it adopts the perspective of the life cycles of cluster evolution. The results showed that the trigger mechanism of the Yongfu High-mountain tea cluster drives by the Taiwanese agricultural investment. Therefore, the Yongfu High-mountain tea cluster shows stronger initial kinetic energy and institutional dependence than the Narcissus tea industrial cluster. Driven by Taiwanese agricultural investment, it experienced the embryonic stage of original path transplantation by both ends of the outside world. It has entered its growth stage by superimposing multi-level policy forces, and gradually accomplished the path breakthrough of the integration of the three industries. During this period, it was accompanied by the evolution process from the original relationship network to the local production network and was gradually embedded into the global production network. However, its local spillover effect is limited and there are risk factors that engender path locking. The development history of the Narcissus tea industry in Zhangping can be traced back to the early 20th century. As it was affected by war and other factors, this industrial development was interrupted in the 1950s. Hence, the trigger mechanism for the formation of the Zhangping Narcissus tea industrial cluster is the path repair of the original agricultural cluster. It includes the inheritance of traditional technology, the advantages of local resources, and the promotion of the market and government in the new era. The Zhangping Narcissus tea industrial cluster shows stronger "initiative" and social system dependence than the Yongfu High-mountain tea cluster. On the basis of the original historical accumulation and regional endowment, it has achieved government-sponsored path restoration. With the path extension and dependence, the local production network has gradually formed, and the prototype of the innovation network of the cluster has developed. However, certain path locking risks remain, such as the limited scale of enterprise and the insufficient external force. The two clusters evolved from an independent symbiosis in their incubation stage to co-competition in the early stage of growth. Finally, they formed a relationship of "competition-cooperation," which indicates the potential and path of the development of "co-location clusters." To promote the development of a regional agricultural "co-location cluster", regional institutional arrangement is critical, in which leading enterprises, minor enterprises, and farmers' organizations are instrumental.

Isomorphism identification is one of the indispensable processes in structure synthesis of planetary gear trains. It is of great significance for the creation of novel planetary gear train with excellent transmission characteristics. A new method for identifying isomorphism of planetary gear trains based on traversing loops is proposed. Firstly，a new method for describing the topological diagram basic characteristics of planetary gear trains by the new loop matrix is proposed. This matrix contains all the information of the topological structure of planetary gear trains. Then，the rule to traverse loops and its priority is defined，to make sure that there is the uniqueness of description. Then，the loop code，the loop sequence and loop degree of planetary gear trains are obtained based on the principle of improved Hamming number and the new loop matrix. By distinguishing whether the structural constants of the loop code，the loop sequence and loop degree are equal，the isomorphism of the planetary gear trains is identified. Finally，the validity and reliability of the method are verified by many examples.

The short-range numerical weather prediction model has been developed as a tool to forecast the torrential rainfall since it has the capability to describe the dynamic convergence, fundamental physics and the real topography reasonably when the horizontal resolution is increased to a few tens of kilometers. The nearly fifty years of development in the meso-scale numerical prediction model for heavy rainfall has witnessed great changes in the dynamical core from hydrostatic to non-hydrostatic, the resolution from coarse to fine, the physical processes from simple to comprehensive, cloud and precipitation forecast from implicit to explicit and initialization from simple interpolation to complicated assimilation. In this paper, we mainly focus on dynamical frames, physical packages and initialization techniques of the meso-scale numerical heavy rainfall prediction model to analyze its important advances at home and abroad. Some future directions of the model development are also suggested. The review will be helpful to understand the current status and development trend of meso-scale model as an important tool to study and forecast heavy rainfall.

Methanotrophs can oxidize methane, playing an important role in regulating methane emission, and gaining increasing attention by the researchers around the world. Two biological pathways are involved in methane oxidation, i. e. , anaerobic oxidation and aerobic oxidation, which are governed by anaerobic and aerobic methanotrophs, respectively. In this paper, the research advances about methanotrophs were summarized, with the focus on the phylogeny and taxonomy of methanotrophs, the key enzymes responsible for the aerobic oxidation of methane, the microorganisms involved in the anaerobic oxidation of methane, and the mechanisms of microbial methane consumption. The application prospects of the two methane oxidizers in greenhouse gases removal, pollutants degradation, biological denitrification, and recovery of metals and sulfur compounds were also analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to develop an effective analytical and monitoring method in breeding rice varieties with higher resistance stability to brown planthopper (BPH), Tai's method (1971) was employed to estimate the resistance stability of twelve rice varieties to different biotypes of BPH. It was shown that light intensity, seedling age, and nitrogen application rate had significant effects on the resistance performance and stability of rice varieties to different BPH biotypes. Among the varieties with resistance to BPH biotype II, the RHT, RP1976-18-6-4-2, and Ptb33 showed stable, IR56 showed unstable, while IR36 and ASD7 showed the most unstable resistance; whereas among the varieties susceptible to BPH biotype II, the TN1 showed stable, Guihuazhan, Foshanyouzhan and IR26 showed relatively stable, while Guojing No.4 and Mudgo showed unstable susceptibility. For the rice varieties resistant to BPH biotype Bangladesh, the RHT, RP1976-18-6-4-2 and Ptb33 presented unstable, and IR56 presented very unstable resistance; whereas for the varieties susceptible to BPH biotype Bangladesh, the Guihuazhan, Foshanyouzhan and IR26 performed stable, TN1 and IR36 performed unstable, and Guojing No.4, Mudgo and ASD7 performed the most unstable susceptibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of magnetoencephalography (MEG) in localizing the seizure focus and in predicting outcome to surgical resections of insular lobe epilepsy. Methods Eight patients who had been diagnosed as refractory insular lobe epilepsy in Xuanwu Hospital were selected. All patients had pre-surgical work-ups, including MRI, video EEG (VEEG) and MEG to localize epileptogenic area, and 4 of them had been implanted intracranial electrodes to identify epileptogenic zone and underwent operation under the monitoring of electrocorticography (ECoG). They were followed up after surgery to evaluate the prognosis, and further to evaluate the diagnostic value of MEG on insular lobe epilepsy. Results Eight patients had surgeries under the guide of preoperative MEG examination. Five of them had been localized in insular or anterior insular lobe and 3 of them had been localized around the insular lesion by MEG. According to postoperative Engel classification, 6 was Ⅰ, one was Ⅱ, and one was Ⅳ. Conclusions MEG provides useful localizing information and predicts surgical outcome of insular lobe epilepsy. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.11.011

Background and objective Patient whose carina is involved by carcinoma is difficult to treat by surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of left main bronchus root prolongation to cure these patients. Methods Three patients with lung carcinoma received tumor, right upper lung and carina excision. And then the trachea and the carina was rebuilt by continuous suture, so that the left main bronchus root was extended by 3 cm, then the middle and lower lobe bronchus were sutured to the right lateral wall of the moved up eminence. Results All the patients left hospital successfully after three-week treatment, without anastomotic stoma fistula. And they got good quality of life after 30, 21 and 11 months’ follow-up, no recurrence or metabasis was found. Conclusion The left main bronchus root prolongation can preserve the left lateral wall, however, part of the tracheal mucous membrane and arteria trachealis can be protected without injury. It’s benifit for making productive cough and lowering complications after operation. The new carinal reconstruction process has definite indication, which refer to patient with normal left main bronchus root and the right inferior segment trachea involved by carcinoma.

For the purpose of the peaceful, safe and reliable application of nuclear technology, the monitoring of radioactive gas is one of the most important items for on-site inspection of CTBTO and safety monitoring of nuclear installations, which could rapidly and correctly discriminate nuclear activity of violation treaty of CTBT (Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty) and identify the leakage of nuclear installations. Since radio-xenon isotopes (mainly 131m,133,133m,135Xe) have distinguished features including high fission yields, leaking easily and spreading worldwide, notable decay properties and low ambient concentrations, which are seen as important monitoring objects. Based on the proposed principle combined with these techniques including dynamic adsorption at -110 ℃ ultra low temperature, impurity removal with hollow fiber membranes, and gamma spectrum monitoring with low background, a rapid and highly sensitive on-site automatic monitoring system for radioxenon was developed, which could sample, separate and measure radioxenon on-site with a rapid and efficient way. During the development process, the technological flow diagram for whole system was established, and the critical hardware components including impurity removal column, adsorption column, lead shield chamber, and sample container were designed. And then these elements were assembled as four modules about sampling, preprocessing, refrigeration and measurement units combined with other components such as three hollow fiber membranes, four flowmeters, two pressure sensors and a HPGe detector and so on. Meanwhile, two control softwares including upper computer and off-line control versions were designed. And the methods of efficiency calibration, recovery test, calculation of activity concentration and MDC (minimum detectable activity) of xenon, and uncertainty evaluation were studied. Then these parameters were tested including detection efficiency, recovery of stable xenon, MDCs of 133Xe and 135Xe, and uncertainties of measuring results. The experimental results show that the recovery of stable xenon is 79.9%, the MDC of 133Xe is less than 0.26 Bq/m3 within a 120 min cycle including sampling, enrichment and measurement, when the activity concentration of 222Rn and sampling volume are 20 Bq/m3 and 2 m3, respectively. Compared with technical specifications of other systems, the elapsed time of a cycle of the system developed in this paper decreases larger than 10 times of SAUNA-OSI and XESPM-Ⅲ systems, while the MDC of the systems is smaller than other rapid systems. Because this developed system has following features about high sensitivity, shorter monitoring period, automation during total process, it will provide a dominant and straightforward contribution to the on-site inspection (OSI) of CTBT, safety monitoring of the gaseous effluents and emergency monitoring for nuclear facilities, and will be a powerful supplement for current monitoring technique and systems.

Objective To explore the role of elevated serum interleukin 1(IL-1) levels in patients with gastric cancer and activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in tissues of gastric cancer. Methods A total of 30 gastric cancer surgery patients and 30 healthy subjects were selected from Wuwei Cancer Hospital of Gansu Province; The levels of IL-1 and IL-10 in serum was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the contents of Bcl-2, Bax and JAK2,STAT3, pJAK2, pSTAT3, Bcl-2, Bax in tissues. The contents of JAK2, STAT3, Bcl-2 and Bax genes were measured by RT-qPCR. Results Compared with the control group, the level of IL-1 in the serum of patients with gastric cancer was up-regulated, and the level of IL-10 was down-regulated(P＜0.05); The content of Bcl-2 in cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in the normal group and the adjacent group, but the Bax content showed an opposite profile(P＜0.05). Compared with the control group, JAK2, STAT3, pJAK2, pSTAT3 and Bcl-2 protein content in cancer tissue and adjacent tissues were increased, while the content of Bax was decreased(P＜0.05). Compared with the adjacent tissues, the JAK2, STAT3, pJAK2, pSTAT3 and Bcl-2 protein contents in cancer tissues increased, while the Bax content was decreased(P＜0.05). Compared with the control group, the contents of JAK2, STAT3 and Bcl-2 mRNA in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were increased, while Bax mRNA was decreased(P＜0.05). Compared with adjacent tissues, the contents of JAK2, STAT3 and Bcl-2 mRNA in cancer tissues increased, while the content of Bax mRNA was decreased(P＜0.05). Conclusions Abnormal elevation of proinflammatory factors and abnormal activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway are closely related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.