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In order to investigate the regulatory mechanism of exogeneous calcium chloride (CaCl2) on postharvest energy metabolism and ascertain the association between energy metabolism levels and color change in ‘Xiaobai’ apricots, ‘Xiaobai’ apricots from Xinjiang were fumigated with 3 g/100 mL CaCl2 solution or distilled water (control) before being stored at (10 ± 1.0) ℃ and relative humidity of (80 ± 5)%. Changes in chlorophyll, carotenoid, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP) contents and energy charge (EC) levels in the peel and pulp of apricots and changes in enzyme activities and gene expression related to energy metabolism were determined during the storage period. The results showed that compared with the control group, CaCl2 treatment delayed chlorophyll degradation, inhibited carotenoid synthesis, maintained ATP and ADP contents and energy charge levels, enhanced the activities of H+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and cytochrome c oxidase (CCO), and induced the expression of the PaH+-ATPase1, PaCa2+-ATPase10, PaSDH and PaCCO6 genes in both peel and pulp. Chlorophyll content in the peel and pulp was positively correlated with ATP, ADP and EC levels, but negatively correlated with carotenoid contents. There was a significantly positive correlation between chlorophyll and ADP levels in the peel and pulp (P < 0.01). It was suggested that exogenous CaCl2 could delay postharvest color change and maintain high energy charge by regulating energy metabolism, therefore prolonging the shelf life of ‘Xiaobai’ apricots.

Objective To identify the time course of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) during laparoscopic surgery with trendelenburg position in gynecology and to quantify the effect of related factors. Methods Data from patients scheduled for elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery were collected and analyzed from June 2017 to Aug 2018 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Spline and mixed-effects models were used to investigate the changing trend and affecting factors of rScO2. Results Forty-eight ASA Ⅰ~Ⅱ patients were included. rScO2 presented a U-shaped trend over time with the spline model (P＜0.01 for the non-linear association). Episodes of cerebral deoxygenation were observed in 3 patients during the declining period of rScO2. Mean blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) were positively associated with rScO2 (P＜0.05). Peak airway pressure (PAP) and body mass index (BMI) were negatively associated with rScO2 (P＜0.05). Compared with other factors, the effects of BMI and ETCO2 on rScO2 were increased significantly over time(P＜0.05). Conclusions During the gynecological laparoscopic surgery with trendelenburg position, rScO2 changes significantly over time. BMI and ETCO2 exhibite greater effects on rScO2, and the effects increase significantly over time.