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Esophageal damage in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic inflammation, and fibroblasts, as esophageal stromal cells, play an important role in the oesophageal mucosal barrier and oesophageal inflammation. Fibroblasts are closely associated with the degree of disease progression in GERD, secreting large amounts of collagen to promote oesophageal mucosal barrier repair during oesophageal damage, regulating immune homeostasis through paracrine signaling, and interacting with immune cells. In addition to secreting inflammatory products, but inappropriate fibroblast activation can induce a pro-inflammatory response. Activation of fibroblasts induces pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties promoting the presence of disease, suggesting that they may play a key role in disease progression.

In this study, we constructed domain D, E and DE truncated mutants of a marine-derived cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase (CGTase) my20 and heterologously expressed these mutants using the pET-24a vector and E. coli BL21 (DE3) as the host, and purified the expressed enzyme by nickel affinity column chromatography. The specific cyclization activities of my20ΔD, my20ΔE, and my20ΔDE were approximately 197%, 22%, and 17% of that of my20, respectively, indicating that domain E is important for the catalytic activity of CGTase, and the presence of domain D might hinder substrate molecules from entering the catalytic domains. my20 was a heat-resistant enzyme, and the three truncated mutants showed different degrees of reduction in heat resistance, suggesting that domains D and E played an important role in the heat resistance of CGTase. The domain DE-deleted mutant showed an 8% increase in the percentage of α-cyclodextrin (CD) in the catalytic product compared with the other truncated mutants, which suggested that the loss of domain DE affected the product specificity. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for CGTase domain modification for its application in industrial production.

The rheological properties of paste are the foundation of the paste-filling process in metal mines, and paste yield stress is an important evaluation index for paste-filling technology. The change in ratio and concentration has a significant impact on the texture and appearance of paste slurry. Herein, a method for predicting the paste yield stress using three-dimensional convolutional neural networks (3D CNNs) is proposed through the development of image acquisition standards and an image acquisition device to collect image data sets based on a paste image data set. The Sobel operator is used to realize the pretreatment of paste edge detection and full size shrinking, and the paste image data set is obtained. The ten-fold cross-validation method is used to divide the data set to avoid accidental errors caused by a single random division. Based on the paste image–yield stress data set, the 3D CNNs model is used to extract the depth features and timing information on the paste. An image enhancement strategy for the histogram equalization algorithm is introduced to reduce the interference of environmental factors. The preprocessed data set is used for training and testing the 3D CNNs network model. In addition, the prediction accuracy of the yield stress model is analyzed: the convolutional attention block module is embedded into the CNN to optimize the model, and the introduction of channel attention and spatial attention enhances the ability of the model to perceive important areas in the image, which helps improve its ability to capture important information in the image and adjust the model parameters. The prediction accuracy of the model is increased from 93.26% to 98.19%, and the sample prediction error is within 20%, demonstrating the feasibility of paste yield stress prediction based on 3D CNNs. The image enhancement strategy using the histogram equalization algorithm can significantly improve the prediction accuracy of paste yield stress. The image enhancement strategy is applied to each model experiment, and the model prediction accuracy is improved by more than 3 percentage points. The developed image acquisition device and image acquisition standard can reduce the disturbance of environmental factors on image recognition and ensure the accuracy of paste yield stress prediction. Compared with the traditional paste rheological measurement method, the proposed method solves the problems of complex operation of traditional paste yield stress measurement, strong interference of external factors, and the difficulties associated with engineering sites.

ObjectiveTo understand the core information awareness of chronic disease prevention and control and its influencing factors among adult residents in Heilongjiang province, and to provide a reference for formulating chronic disease prevention and control strategies and intervention measures. MethodsFrom March to April 2021, a quota sampling method was used to select 5 238 adult residents aged ≥ 18 years old from 10 districts and counties in 8 cities in Heilongjiang province, including Nangang district and Daowai district in Harbin city, Yi’an county in Qiqihar city, Beilin district in Suihua city, Datong district in Daqing city, Luobei county in Hegang city, Huachuan county in Jiamusi city, Muling city and Ning′an city in Mudanjiang city, and Boli county in Qitaihe city, to conduct an online questionnaire survey and analyze the core information awareness of chronic disease prevention and control and its influencing factors among adult residents in Heilongjiang province. ResultsAmong the 5 226 adult residents in Heilongjiang province finally included in the analysis, 3 388 were aware of the core information of chronic disease prevention and control, with an awareness rate of 64.83%; the scoring rates of the dimensions of awareness of the severity of chronic diseases, healthy lifestyles for preventing chronic diseases, core knowledge of hypertension prevention and control, core knowledge of diabetes prevention and control, core knowledge of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease prevention and control, identification of cancer risk factors, and core knowledge of chronic respiratory disease prevention and control were 88.88%, 81.92%, 80.95%, 85.72%, 85.07%, 86.80%, and 83.02%, respectively; multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that adult residents in Heilongjiang province aged ≥ 25 years old and with a junior high school education or above had higher awareness rates of core information on chronic disease prevention and control, while adult residents in Heilongjiang province with occupations of manual labor had lower awareness rates of core information on chronic disease prevention and control. ConclusionThe awareness rate of core information on chronic disease prevention and control among adult residents in Heilongjiang province has reached the 60% target requirement for 2020 in the Medium- and Long-term Plan for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases in China (2017 – 2025), but there is still a certain gap from the 70% target for 2025, and there are differences in the awareness levels of core knowledge of chronic diseases in different dimensions, with the lowest scoring rate in the dimension of core knowledge of hypertension prevention and treatment; age, education level, and occupation are the main influencing factors of core information awareness of chronic disease prevention and control among local adult residents.

GRIST (Global-Regional Integrated forecast SysTem), the kilometer-scale variable-resolution (VR) model, combines the virtues of both global and regional models. It can provide medium-term forecast products without lateral conditions while it is expected to reach a forecast level similar to that of high-precision regional models. To evaluate GRIST' s ability to simulate extreme weather events, this study uses the VR version of GRIST to conduct a hindcast experiment on the extremely heavy rainfall event that occurred in North China from July 29 to August 2, 2023. The simulation results are evaluated against satellite-gauge merged precipitation analysis (China Merged Precipitation Analysis, CMPA) and global reanalysis (the fifth generation of the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate, ERA5) data, and are also compared with five other operational numerical models (including global models, ECMWF and CMA-GFS, as well as regional models, CMA-MESO, CMA-SH, and CMA-BJ). Results indicate that both GRIST and five operational models can reproduce the occurrence of this heavy rainfall event at various degrees. From 08 BT 30 July to 08 BT 1 August, the period with the strongest precipitation during the event, the simulation performance of GRIST is optimal. The spatial correlation coefficient between GRIST and CMPA can reach up to 0.85, and the TS scores of precipitation at various intensities are at the levels of regional model forecasts. GRIST accurately simulated the large-scale circulation characteristics during this process, encompassing the location and extent of the Western Pacific Subtropical High, northward water vapor transport. Furthermore, it demonstrated a commendable capability in simulating the distribution and intensity of storm-relative helicity, a key indicator of the local circulation. The precise representation of circulation conditions at various scales by GRIST contributes significantly to its ability to characterize precipitation areas and the evolution of precipitation.

The ocean is the largest carbon pool on earth and plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. Marine organisms contribute over half of the global carbon fixed by photosynthesis every year. Therefore, much attention has been paid to the role of the ocean in the carbon cycle and carbon sequestration. Macroalgae are an important component of coastal ecosystems, with strong and highly efficient carbon fixation capacity. The net primary productivity (NPP) of macroalgae was higher than that of phytoplankton and other primary producers in coastal waters. Parts of the photosynthates are released into the sea in the form of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) during algae growth. Dissolved organic carbon and POC have attracted widespread attention because they can play important roles in carbon cycling and carbon sequestration in coastal ecosystems. However, the organic carbon release rate of macroalgae, its relationship with primary productivity, and the regulatory factors require further study. The growth of algae and the organic carbon release are influenced by temperature, light intensity, photoperiod, and other factors. However, organic carbon release rates among algae species might be quite different. Therefore, studying the regulatory effects of different factors on organic carbon release by algae and organic carbon release rate distribution has important implications for quantitatively evaluating the organic carbon release ability of algae and its contribution to the coastal ecosystem carbon cycle.In recent years, Sargassum horneri is the most common wild macroalgae in the Yellow Sea. Its ecological role in the coastal ecosystem has attracted widespread attention. Few studies have focused on organic carbon release by S. horneri. This study conducted an orthogonal experiment to measure DOC and POC release rates of S. horneri at different temperatures (5, 15, and 25 ℃), light intensity [86, 172, and 258 μmol/(m2·s)] and photoperiod (L: D=6 h: 18 h, L: D=12 h: 12 h, L: D=24 h: 0 h, L means light time, D means dark time) to study the organic carbon release rate of S. horneri, its relationship with NPP, and the main regulatory factors. The release rates of DOC were 0.653–4.785 mg/(g·h) and the release rates of POC were 0.066–0.322 mg/(g·h). There is an order of magnitude difference between DOC and POC. This indicated that DOC was the main form of organic carbon released by S. horneri. The highest DOC release rate [4.785 mg/(g·h)] occurred at 25 ℃, 172 μmol/(m2·s) light intensity, and L: D = 6 h: 18 h. The highest POC release rate [0.322 mg/(g·h)] occurred at 25 ℃, 258 μmol/(m2·s) light intensity, and L: D = 24 h: 0 h. The organic carbon release ability of S. horneri is consistent with previous studies of other macroalgae.This study found that changes in temperature and light conditions significantly affect the ability of S. horneri to release organic carbon. Temperature was the main factor affecting the release rate of DOC; the DOC release rate increases with increasing temperature. The DOC release rate initially increases, then decreases with increasing light intensity; it increases with a decrease in the photoperiod. Light intensity was the main factor influencing the POC release rate; increasing light intensity and photoperiod accelerated the POC release rate. However, the POC release rate slightly decreased when the light intensity increased from 172 to 258 μmol/(m2·s). There was a greater POC release rate under extreme temperature stress (5 and 25 ℃).This study showed that a proportion of DOC and POC in NPP were unstable in macroalgae. The range of DOC/NPP was 4%–130%. POC/NPP was relatively concentrated to approximately 0.4%–5.9%. The NPP was significantly lower in the experimental group with a high ratio of organic carbon compared with other experimental groups. The DOC release rate negatively correlated with NPP, but the negative correlation was poor in the low temperature groups. There was no significant correlation between the POC release rate and NPP. POC/NPP was relatively stable [approximately (1±0.6)% when NPP>9 mg C/(g·h)]. The growth pressure of S. horneri was high when NPP

In order to study the effect of typical transition metal ions on coal spontaneous combustion under low temperature oxidation conditions, the transition metal ions of lignite (HM), gas coal (QM) and fertilizer coal (FM) were determined, and Fe (Ⅲ), Mn (Ⅲ) and Cu (Ⅱ), which are abundant in transition metal ions and have strong oxidation, were selected as the research objects. The charge distribution, frontier orbitals and Laplacian bond levels were analyzed by the quantum chemistry calculation method, and the existence of active sites was proved. Two reaction processes of Ar—CH2—CH3 to Ar—CO—CH3 with or without transition metal ions were investigated, and the thermodynamic parameters were obtained by model optimization, transition state calculation and IRC verification. The calculation results show that the activation energy barrier is 164.18 kJ/mol without transition metal ion and 158.72 kJ/mol with transition metal ion. The effect of transition metal ion on the total reaction rate is not significant. With the participation of Fe (Ⅲ), Mn (Ⅲ) and Cu (Ⅱ), the total heat releases of the reaction are 1535.52, 1834.97 and 365.93 kJ/mol, respectively, which are higher than the heat release from the oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons by oxygen molecules (319.93 kJ/mol). The free energy barriers of C—H in oxidized aliphatic hydrocarbons are 42.79, 4.30 and 117.29 kJ/mol, respectively, which are all lower than the activation energies of C—H oxidation by oxygen molecules (146.38 kJ/mol). The order of C—H oxidation capacity of transition metal ions from high to low is Mn (Ⅲ), Fe (Ⅲ) and Cu (Ⅱ). During the reaction process, the formation of ·OH and H+ is accompanied by further reaction with the coal structure to accelerate the spontaneous combustion process of coal. In order to verify the accuracy of the simulation results, the time and concentration of CO gas products in four different coal samples were measured by temperature programmed gas chromatography. It was found that the temperature points of CO gas products in four coal samples were similar. The coal samples with manganese ion added produced CO gas products at 90 ℃, while the other three coal samples produced CO gas products at 100 ℃. The concentration of CO gas products from large to small is Mn (Ⅲ), Fe (Ⅲ), Cu (Ⅱ) and raw coal sample, which is consistent with the calculated results. With the increase of temperature, the effect of Mn (Ⅲ) on increasing the rate of CO production gradually weakens, and the effect of iron and copper ions on catalytic coal spontaneous combustion is gradually significant. The experimental results have a certain correlation with the simulation results. Compared with oxygen molecules, transition metal ions in coal are more likely to oxidize C—H, which not only causes the free radical chain reaction to occur earlier, but also increases the heat release of the reaction and the production of ·OH and H+, thus promoting spontaneous combustion of coal. This has reference significance for the mechanism of spontaneous combustion of transition metal catalyzed coal.

Aiming at the development problems of deep coal reservoirs, such as deep burial, low permeability and complex stress field, this paper clarifies that the resource enrichment conditions, effective fracturing volume, effective horizontal section length, and good reservoir conditions are the key factors for high productivity on the basis of summarizing the exploration and development practice of the Daning-Jixian Block in the past five years. Under the guidance of the theory of “artificial gas reservoir” development, a technical system for the efficient development of deep coalbed methane was preliminarily established as follows. ① According to the reservoir resource conditions, structural preservation conditions and engineering fracturing conditions, a total of 11 indicators in three categories established the geological-engineering “dessert” evaluation standards of deep coalbed methane. ② Based on the techniques such as microstructural characterization, multi-scale fracture prediction, and 3D geological model construction, the quantitative and visual characterization of all elements of “geology + engineering” of deep coal seam was achieved. ③ Based on the guiding idea of “geological small scale, three-dimensional seismic microscale, drill along the target, less adjustment and fast drilling”, a three-stage geological-engineering geo-steering technology with an excellent design of pre-drilling trajectory, precise target entry and post-target fine-tuning as the core was developed.④ The optimization design of the five-in-one well network based on “in-situ stress field, natural fracture field, artificial fracture field, well type and orientation, well network and well spacing” realized the maximization of resource utilization and the maximization of gas field recovery. ⑤ According to the occurrence characteristics, seepage mechanism and production characteristics of deep coalbed methane, a reasonable production capacity evaluation and EUR prediction technology based on the rate-transient analysis method, the empirical production decline method, the numerical simulation method, and the empirical analogy method was formed. ⑥ Following to the design principle of “four-in-one” precision fracturing section and “fracture staggering + differentiation between fracturing segments”, a large-scale volumetric fracturing technology aimed at constructing artificial gas reservoirs was proposed.⑦ According to the characteristics of gas-water variation in gas wells, the optimal control technology of drainage and production in different production stages through the whole life cycle of wells was put forwarded. ⑧ Combined with the current progress of AI technology, and the characteristics of deep coalbed methane development law, gathering and transportation, the technology of gathering, transportation and digital intelligence integrating geological, engineering, and ground aspects was explored. Under the guidance of this achievement, 29 horizontal wells that have been put into production，with an initial production of 5×104−16×104 m3/d, an average of 10.2×104 m3/d, and the daily gas production of the block has exceeded 3 million cubic meters, which has important guiding significance for accelerating the large-scale production of deep coalbed methane in the eastern margin of the Ordos basin. Also the study establishes a reference and standard for the efficient development of similar resources.

Aquaculture in large water bodies has become an important culture mode of Litopenaeus vannamei in coastal waters. Fractionated chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and environmental factors of the large water ponds with high salinity (54, n=3) and the control ponds (32, n=3) were investigated from May to July 2020 to explore the variations in Chl-a, phytoplankton particle size, and the response to environmental factors during the aquaculture season. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between the environmental factors and the size-fractionated Chl-a concentration. Partial redundancy analysis (RDA) was applied to assess the effects of environmental factors (including silicate, active phosphate, ammonia salt, nitrite, nitrate, water temperature, salinity, dissolved organic nitrogen, and dissolved organophosphorus) on total Chl-a, Chl-a of micro phytoplankton (micro Chl-a), Chl-a of nano phytoplankton (nano Chl-a), and Chl-a of pico phytoplankton (pico Chl-a). The following results were obtained:1) Diurnal variation of Chl-a: Total Chl-a of the high-salinity group showed no significant diurnal variation (P > 0.05). Total Chl-a of the control group showed significant diurnal change in May and June (P < 0.05). The highest value of total Chl-a in May occurred at 15:00, while the highest value of that in June was at 08:00. For size-fractionated Chl-a, pico Chl-a in the high-salinity group showed significant diurnal variation in July (P < 0.05), with the highest value appearing at 12:00. Micro Chl-a in the control group showed significant diurnal changes in May, June, and July (P < 0.05), and nano Chl-a in the control group showed significant diurnal changes in June (P < 0.05).2) Monthly changes of Chl-a: The lowest and highest values of total Chl-a occurred in June and July, respectively. Total Chl-a in July was significantly higher than that in May and June (P < 0.05). For size-fractionated Chl-a, the pico Chl-a and nano Chl-a of the high-salinity group in July were significantly higher than those in May and June (P < 0.05) and showed no significant difference between May and June (P > 0.05). Pico Chl-a, nano Chl-a, and micro Chl-a of the control group in July were significantly higher than those in May and June (P < 0.05) and showed no significant difference between May and June (P > 0.05).3) Contribution of size-fractionated phytoplankton in high-salinity and control groups: The contribution of micro Chl-a, nano Chl-a, and pico Chl-a to total Chl-a in the high-salinity group were (15.64±0.16)%, (73.81±0.13)%, and (10.55±0.06)%, respectively. Nano Chl-a was dominant in May, June, and July. The contribution of pico Chl-a increased from 6.43% in May to 16.81% in July, and exceeded that of micro Chl-a. The contributions of micro Chl-a, nano Chl-a, and pico Chl-a to total Chl-a in the control group were (52.29±0.10)%, (41.82±0.10)%, and (5.59±0.01)%, respectively. Micro Chl-a concentration had a major advantage in May and June, accounting for 59.64% and 57.49%, respectively. Nano Chl-a concentration accounted for 35.46% and 36.90%, respectively. By July, nano Chl-a had a major advantage, contributing to 53.09%.4) Pearson correlation analysis showed no significant correlation between the diurnal variation of Chl-a and the environmental factors of the high-salinity group in May and June (P < 0.05). Yet, the concentrations of nano Chl-a and total Chl-a were negatively correlated with the concentration of nitrate in July (P < 0.05). The concentrations of micro Chl-a and total Chl-a were positively correlated with those of silicate (P < 0.05). For the control group, Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between nano Chl-a and water temperature (P < 0.05). Total Chl-a and phosphate were negatively correlated in May (P < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between pico Chl-a and nitrate in July (P < 0.05).5) For the high-salinity group, RDA revealed a significant positive correlation between Chl-a and water temperature, and the contribution of nano Chl-a increased with the increase in temperature. Total Chl-a was positively correlated with silicate and negatively correlated with phosphate, dissolved organic nitrogen, and dissolved organophosphorus in the high-salinity group. For the control group, RDA showed that total Chl-a was positively correlated with dissolved organic nitrogen and negatively correlated with silicate and nitrite. In general, Chl-a in high-salinity ponds has a small diurnal variation, and the phytoplankton particle size gradually decreased with cultivation, which may be caused by the increasing temperature and high organic nitrogen concentration.

The development of green resources and deep mining face several challenges, including prominent safety hazards associated with deep mining and severe environmental pollution in mining areas. Paste-filling technology, designed to eliminate tailing ponds and control subsidence in mined-out regions, innovatively uses mined solid waste with the principle of “one filling for three wastes, one waste treatment for two harms,” thus forming a mining approach characterized by a high recovery rate and low impoverishment rate. This technology possesses unique advantages in both mitigating environmental pollution and managing stress factors in deep mining. Paste filling has emerged as an effective solution for deep and green mining. Paste backfill technology, with its considerable potential, may become an impactful solution for future deep and green mining. However, it is difficult to accurately describe the rheological behavior and flow process of paste due to its diverse composition and variable transport environment. In this study, micro- and macrostructures and quantitative analysis of low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) were employed to describe the existing form of cross-scale particle groups and the water occurrence state in a paste. In addition, the flow pattern evolution law of paste particles under the disturbance of pump pressure was analyzed using the finite element and discrete element coupling numerical analysis method. The results indicated that adsorption water, interstitial water, and weak free water in paste exhibited dynamic connectivity and transformation behavior, with water predominantly existing in an adsorbed state. According to the analysis of LF-NMR, the relaxation intensity and peak area of the adsorbed water were nonlinearly enhanced, demonstrating a pronounced positive correlation with the flow performance of the paste. The liquid network structure and the floc network structure reflected the activity of the water-flow channel and the strength of the force chain structure, respectively. These components together constituted a double-supported skeleton structure that determined the stability and fluidity of the paste. Furthermore, Fluent–EDEM coupling simulation was conducted to examine the particle movement behavior in a pulse-pumping environment; the velocity difference amplified the force chain contact effect, intensifying the impact disturbance of particles with high and low flow velocities, and considerably enhanced the flow uniformity and overall stability of particle motion. Generally, this study examined the mechanical response mechanism between particle groups and fluid drag in paste, establishing the intrinsic relationship between particle physical properties, spatial structure, and rheological characteristics. Furthermore, a constraint mechanism and control scheme were proposed for the long-distance and high-drop steady-state transportation of paste in a pulse compression environment. The results of this study provide valuable insight into the theoretical and engineering implications for achieving safe, environmentally friendly, economical, and efficient paste filling.

In order to explore the change characteristics of organic group chemical structure of coal after liquid CO2 leaching and acidification, liquid CO2 leaching and acidification coal sample experiments were carried out on anthracite at 25 ℃ and 3 MPa. The changes of functional groups in the process of CO2 leaching and acidification were analyzed by Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that swelling, dissolution, extraction, bond dissociation and substitution are the main reactions in the liquid CO2 leaching process, and different types of addition reactions occur in the liquid CO2 acidification process besides the above reactions. The above reactions result in dissolution and recombination of different types of functional groups, small molecule phase organic matter and large molecule phase organic matter. In addition, the aromaticity and condensation degree of coal samples are improved after liquid CO2 leaching and acidification.

To explore the extraction and purification process of ferulic acid from corn bran, ferulic acid from corn husks was extracted by ultrasound-assisted alkali alcohol method. The best extraction conditions were obtained by using the content of ferulic acid in the crude extract of corn husk as the index through single factor tests and response surface optimization test. Further purification of corn ferulic acid was used macroporous adsorption resin method, and suitable resin was selected by static adsorption method. Determined the optimal sample loading amount in the dynamic adsorption method, and obtained the optimal purification process conditions using recovery rate as an indicator through single factor experiments and response surface optimization experiment. Results showed that, the best extraction conditions of ferulic acid from corn bran were obtained as follows: Solid-liquid ratio 1:12 g/mL, mass concentration of lye was 4%, alkali-alcohol ratio was 2:1, ultrasound time 30 min, ultrasonic thermometer 59℃, ultrasonic power 229 W, and the amount of ferulic acid extracted could reached 22.31 mg/g under these conditions. The purification of ferulic acid was performed using HPD-100 macroporous adsorption resin. The optimal loading volume was 6 times the bed volume. The optimal purification process conditions are as follows: Sample loading concentration 0.3 mg/mL, loading flow rate 3 mL/min, mass concentration of ethanol 75%, elution flow rate 1 mL/min. Under these conditions, the recovery rate of ferulic acid from corn peel was up to 95.17%, and the purity of ferulic acid was 81.56%. This experiment increased the added value of corn brans, and would provide the theoretical basis and data support for the further processing of corn brans and the development of ferulic acid.

This research endeavors to investigate the development characteristics, spatial-temporal distribution, and cause of karst collapses in Chengnan community, Yingcheng Street, Yingde City, Guangdong Province. Various technological means such as ground investigation, geophysical exploration, and drilling were employed to examine the collapses discovered in the study area, along with systematic data collection on environmental geologic conditions, historical disasters, and water-level monitoring in the study area and its surrounding areas. The results show that: (1) The karst collapses in the study area constitute an extremely large geological disaster, affecting an area of 0.6 km2, with 31 consecutive eruptions. Most of the surface collapse pits in the study area are small-scale, while a few are medium and large-scale. The planar shape of the collapse pits is primarily circular and elliptical, while the cross-section shape is mainly cylindrical. (2) The occurrence of karst collapses in the study area is influenced by geological structure, covering-layer of soil, atmospheric rainfall, hydrogeological characteristics, and human activities. Among these factors, geological structure, covering-layer of soil, and hydrogeological characteristics are considered as primary factors, whereas atmospheric rainfall and human activities act as inducing factors after a comprehensive assessment. (3) To conclude, the karst collapses erupted in the study area can be categorized as “the mode of collapse near rivers in subsurface karst areas”. During the causal analysis, priority should be given to considering water level fluctuations, pumping, and drainage. Subsequently, other influencing factors should be taken into account based on specific conditions, providing valuable insights for future research on karst collapses erupted near rivers.

In order to study the diffusion characteristics of CO2 in low-permeability raw coal under subcritical conditions (gas pressure lower than 6 MPa and temperature lower than 39 ℃), the CO2 adsorption/desorption experiments and diffusion experiments were carried out by the volumetric method to study adsorption/desorption and diffusion characteristics of CO2 in raw coal. The results show that the increase of pressure will promote the adsorption of CO2 by coal, and the increase of temperature will inhibit the adsorption of CO2 by coal, and there is a desorption hysteresis phenomenon in the adsorption/desorption process of CO2 in raw coal. When the equilibrium pressure is constant, the diffusion amount of CO2 in the raw coal at different temperatures is positively related to the diffusion time, the CO2 diffusion rate is inversely proportional to the diffusion time, and the CO2 diffusion coefficient D increases with the increase of temperature. Under the medium and low pressure environment, the temperature change within a certain range (15-35 ℃) has little effect on the diffusion rate of CO2 in the raw coal. When the equilibrium temperature is constant, the amount of CO2 diffusion in the raw coal under different pressures is proportional to the diffusion time, the CO2 diffusion rate is inversely proportional to the diffusion time, and the CO2 diffusion coefficient D increases with the increase of pressure; when the temperature is 15 ℃, within a certain range, the pressure change (0.5-3.5 MPa) has very little effect on the diffusion rate of CO2 in the raw coal.

As the second most serious disease worldwide, the etiology and pathogenesis of depression have not been clearly defined. Depression treatment faces a bottleneck, due to limitations of common therapies, such as side effects associated with drug therapy and high risk of recurrence after drug therapy, high requirements for clinicians to perform psychotherapy, and high cost of modalities and disorientation in physical therapy. Transcranial low-level laser, a new therapy has recently proven to be effective in scientific research and clinical antidepressant treatment, utilizes low-level laser non-invasively passing through the skull without causing damage to regulate biological tissues and protect neurons. Even though the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the therapy for depression are not yet clear, this non-drug therapy could be highly promising for depression treatment.

Cryptococcus is a dimorphic opportunistic pathogenic fungus. Cryptococcal infection mostly occurs in immunocompromised patients infected with HIV， organ transplantation， long-term use of cortisol hormone， chemotherapy， chronic leukemia and lymphoma， etc. Multi-system cryptococcal infection is rare in non-immunocompromised patients. In this article， one male adult case of Cryptococcus gattii meningitis complicated with Cryptococcus gattii pneumonia was reported. He had normal immune function and presented with meningitis as the initial manifestation and the respiratory system was involved. The patient underwent intrathecal injection + antifungal therapy via intravenous drip and ventriculoperitoneal shunt （VPS）. After corresponding interventions， he did not complain of fever， headache， cough， sputum and other discomforts. He received long-term oral intake of fluconazole + flucytosine after discharge， and was subject regular follow-up. The diagnosis and treatment of this case prompt that medical practitioners should consider the possibility that the population with normal immune function can also be infected with Cryptococcus in clinical practice. Both the nervous system and respiratory system can be infected. Besides conventional antifungal therapy via intravenous drip， intrathecal injection of antifungal drugs and VPS can also be considered in the treatment of Cryptococcal meningitis.

Objective: To investigate the effects of corn ferulic acid on lipid metabolism and liver injury in hyperlipidemic rats. Significance: To improve the added value of corn husk and provide theoretical basis and data support for the health effect of corn ferulic acid. Methods: Eight rats were randomly selected as the normal group, and the rest rats were fed with high-fat diet to establish the hyperlipidemia rat model. The hyperlipidemia rats were randomly divided into positive control group, model group and corn ferulic acid high, medium and low dose groups. After 42 days of gavage, the liver index, blood lipid, antioxidant index and liver sections were measured. Results: Compared with the model group, corn ferulic acid reduced 0.23% of the body weight growth rate and 0.14% of the liver index of the hyperlipidemic rats. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in hyperlipidemic rats were decreased by 25.45%, 52%, 48.28%, 29.81%, 16.63%, and 51.95%, respectively. The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPH-Px), catalase (CAT) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were increased by 123.54%, 153.89%, 209.9% and 56.76%. Corn ferulic acid can improve the liver tissue structure of hyperlipidemia rats. Conclusion: Corn ferulic acid can reduce the body weight and liver index of hyperlipidemia rats, improve blood lipid metabolism, improve antioxidant ability, and alleviate liver damage caused by hyperlipidemia.

The flexibility of thermal loads of buildings is a valuable balancing resource for operation of the heat and electricity integrated energy system (HE-IES). Considering the characteristics of large scale and small single load capacity of the themal load, the non-intrusive data-driven method has become an effective means to quantify the flexibility of building thermal load. However, due to the inaccuracy of the model or the lack of data, this method inevitably produces errors and brings epistemic uncertainty to the optimal dispatch of the HE-IES. An optimal dispatch model of the HE-IES that is compatible with the epistemic uncertainty of demand flexibility in the thermal loads of buildings is proposed. First, a data-driven flexible demand assessment method for building thermal load is described. The measurement errors are modeled as epistemic uncertainty and the multiple error sources are combined by using the D-S evidence theory. Then, the representative scenarios are selected to represent the epistemic uncertainty of the demand flexibility based Latin hypercube sampling(LHS) method, and the scenarios are reduced by the fuzzy clustering method. Finally, the representative scenarios are embedded in the coordinated and optimized dispatch of the HE-IES to realize the comprehensive consideration of the thermal load flexibility and related epistemic uncertainty of the building. The results demonstrate that considering the epistemic uncertainties of the thermal load demand is crucial for reducing the wind power curtailments and improving the operational flexibility of HE-IES.

This is a paper in the field of mineral processing engineering. Copper smelting slag is a kind of important secondary resource of copper. Crushing is the basis and prerequisite for the separation and enrichment of copper minerals in copper smelting slag. Based on the analysis of process mineralogy, the mechanical properties of the main copper minerals, natural copper and chalcocite, and the main gangue mineral glass in copper smelting slag were determined, including uniaxial compressive strength, bending strength, impact strength, and ductility. The relationship between mechanical properties of minerals and grinding were studied. The results showed that the main copper minerals, natural copper and chalcocite, in copper smelting slag were with lower uniaxial compressive strength, bending strength, and impact strength than glass, so they were both more likely to be crushed than glass.Natural copper had better ductility to be ground in the form of coarse-grained flakes and could be separated from other minerals. Poor ductility of chalcocite made it easier to be ground into fine-grained products.The grinding results of copper smelting slag were consistent with the analysis of mineral mechanical properties, which indicated that it was effective and feasible to analyze and study the mineral crushing by mineral mechanical properties.

Simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the volatile aroma compounds of steamed five grains for the production of Nongxiangxing baijiu: sorghum, wheat, maize, glutinous rice and rice as well as their mixture. A total of 153 compounds were identified from the five grains, of which 108, 93, 93, 66 and 66 were found in sorghum, wheat, maize, glutinous rice and rice, respectively. The identified compounds were dominated by aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, aromatic compounds and esters. Totally 140 compounds were identified in the mixed grain sample by dual-column qualitative analysis. A total of 29 odor active compounds were identified by gas chromatography-olfactory-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS). The effects of different compounds on the overall flavor of steamed grains were evaluated by using aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) and odor activity value (OAV). The OAVs of 17 compounds including benzylthiol, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, (E)-2-nonenal, nonanal, hexanal, octanal, (E)-2-octenal, (E,E)-2,6-nonadienal, 1-heptanol, (E)-2-decenal, (E,E)-2,4-nonadienal, phenylacetaldehyde, 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol, ethyl hexanoate, geranyl acetone, ethyl octanoate and vanillin were larger than 1, which were considered as important compounds contributing to grain flavor. Benzylthiol and (E,E)-2,6-nonadienal were identified as important flavor compounds in steamed grains for the first time.

The antimicrobial substances produced by Bacillus velezensis 1-3, a strain with antibacterial activity isolated from oral samples, were separated and purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration chromatography and thin-layer chromatography and were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). These substances were identified as surfactin consisting of three cyclic lipopeptides with 14–16 carbon atoms, whose molecular masses were 1 030.642, 1 044.660 and 1 058.677 Da, respectively. Surfactin could function as a surfactant and exhibited good antimicrobial activity against common pathogenic bacteria in the food, medical and livestock industries. Meanwhile, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of surfactin against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115 was 4 μg/mL. Surfactin did not show hemolytic activity against mouse red blood cells within the effective antibacterial concentration range. It could endure temperatures at 20–100 ℃ and withstand a wide pH range of 2.0–10.0. Hence, surfactin produced by B. velezensis 1-3 has great potential for applications in the food, medical, and livestock fields .

目的 探讨抗-CD47单抗对输血相容性检测的影响及处理措施。方法 对1名具有抗-CD47单抗用药史的患者血液标本进行输血相容性检测，分析抗-CD47单抗效价，鉴定巯基试剂对抗-CD47单抗的洗脱效果，利用中和抗体及抗球蛋白筛选与患者相配合的血液成分。结果 患者血型鉴定为A型，RhD(＋)，不规则抗体筛查、DAT试验、交叉配血均为3＋或4＋。利用中和抗体或Gamma-clone抗球蛋白均可为患者筛选到主侧配血相合的红细胞。患者输注后无不良反应，贫血状况得到明显改善。结论 利用中和抗体或Gamma-clone抗球蛋白处理患者血液标本，可以消除抗-CD47单抗对输血相容性检测的影响，保障临床用血的安全性、及时性和有效性。

[Introduction] This paper adoptes the methods based on parametric study and CPT in-situ test for analysis and calculation, the preliminary analysis is carried out according to the actual construction data. By doing this, the self-weight penetration of monopiles can be better and faster predicted and the risks in monopile installation are significantly reduced. [Method] Modified the design input parameters by API recommended pile capacity theory, combined with error analysis, the predicted self-weight penetration was compared to the real data on site. [Result] The analysis results show that there is a great difference in prediction of self-weight penetration due to the different reduction strength coefficient \begin{document}$ {S}_{\mathrm{r}} $\end{document} in the process of calculating clay self-weight penetration and pile running analysis. At the same time, the selection of reduction strength coefficient is different between the self-weight penetration and pile running process. [Conclusion] Through comparative analysis, the value range of clay strength reduction coefficient \begin{document}$ {S}_{\mathrm{r}} $\end{document} of Guangdong sea area is obtained, which can provide a design reference for the following offshore pile penetration operations. It's also proved that the CPT can be used to better predict self-weight penetration and pile running phenomenon.

High-confidence underwater acoustic go-back channel modeling is an essential part of the study of target echo simulation and plays an important role in the development of underwater operation equipment. Based on the classical channel model and reasonable assumptions, an analytical model of an underwater acoustic go-back channel is established. Using the Bayes-MCMC inversion algorithm as the core, the characteristics of the inversion problem of underwater acoustic channel parameters were analyzed, and the Metropolis-Hastings adaptive single-dimension serial sampling algorithm was designed to realize efficient channel model parameter inversion based on echo signals. The results of the simulation and measured data show that the proposed adaptive sampling inversion method has good consistency and convergence and has good engineering application prospects in underwater operation equipment simulation tests.

ObjectiveTo establish a system for simultaneous detection of miR-888 and miR-891a by droplet digital PCR （ddPCR）, and to evaluate its application value in semen identification.MethodsThe hydrolysis probes with different fluorescence modified reporter groups were designed to realize the detection of miR-888 and miR-891a by duplex ddPCR. A total of 75 samples of 5 body fluids （including peripheral blood, menstrual blood, semen, saliva and vaginal secretion） were detected. The difference analysis was conducted by Mann-Whitney U test. The semen differentiation ability of miR-888 and miR-891a was evaluated by ROC curve analysis and the optimal cut-off value was obtained.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the dual-plex assay and the single assay in this system. The detection sensitivity was up to 0.1 ng total RNA, and the intra- and inter-batch coefficients of variation were less than 15%. The expression levels of miR-888 and miR-891a detected by duplex ddPCR in semen were both higher than those in other body fluids. ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of miR-888 was 0.976, the optimal cut-off value was 2.250 copies/μL, and the discrimination accuracy was 97.33%; the AUC of miR-891a was 1.000, the optimal cut-off value was 1.100 copies/μL, and the discrimination accuracy was 100%.ConclusionIn this study, a method for detection of miR-888 and miR-891a by duplex ddPCR was successfully established. The system has good stability and repeatability and can be used for semen identification. Both miR-888 and miR-891a have high ability to identify semen, and the discrimination accuracy of miR-891a is higher.

Current recommendation algorithms based on hashing technology commonly uses Hamming distance to indicate the similarity between user hash code and item hash code,while it ignores the potential difference information of each bit dimension.Therefore,this paper proposes a differential Hamming distance,which by calculating the dissimilarity between hash codes to assign bit weights.This paper designs a variational recommendation model for dissimilarity Hamming distance.The model is divided into a user hash component and an item hash component,which are connected by variational autoencoder structure.The model uses encoder to generate hash codes for user and items.In order to improve the robustness of the hash codes,we apply a Gaussian noise to both user and item hash coeds.Besides,the user and item hash codes are optimized by differential Hamming distance to maximize the ability of the model to reconstruct user-item scores.Experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed algorithm VDHR improves 3.9% in NDCG and 4.7% in MRR compared to the state-of-the-art hash recommendation algorithm under the premise of constant computational cost.

Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 102401, China;Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research & Design Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China

Control of the disturbed displacement of adjacent tunnel during excavation is a significant issue for design and construction. Based on the multi-objective optimization method, the multi-type monitoring data in the excavation of the excavation are integrated, the key soil parameters are inverted and identified, and the time effect of the tunnel displacement is quantified and corrected. A dynamic multi-objective optimization method with adaptive infill criterion (DMO-AIC) is proposed to improve the updating efficiency of dynamic surrogate models. The proposed method takes into account the computational redundancy of dynamic surrogate models in engineering optimization, and designs an adaptive point-adding discrimination strategy, which can autonomously identify invalid updates of surrogate models on the optimization path. The results show that the proposed DMO-AIC significantly reduces the invocations of the black-box model during optimization while ensuring the good search performance and the convergence speed of the algorithm. The improved computational efficiency of DMO-AIC is helpful for the application of dynamic surrogate models in engineering optimization. The results of the virtual numerical example show that DMO-AIC can predict and update multiple model responses during excavation, such as wall deflections and tunnel displacements. The engineering practice of Shanghai Bund 596 excavation indicates that the time effect is properly updated, and the staged vertical displacements of the adjacent tunnel are accurately predicted.

The Men Lei Zeng Guang Shi Zhu Du Gong Bu Shi (門類增廣十注杜工部詩) collected by National Library of China, is one of the rare surviving editions of Song dynasty. After examination, the taboo words in this book were taboo to Song emperor Xiao Zong (宋孝宗), but not to Guang Zong (光宗), Ning Zong (寧宗), and Li Zong (理宗). Therefore, this edition was assumed to have been block printed during the reign of Emperor Xiao Zong of Song (1162–1189). The relationship between this book and Jiu Jia Ji Zhu Du Shi (九家集注杜詩) is not relationship of adding and subtracting annotations as William Hung (洪業) believes, but separate compilations. It is found that the names of the Xin Tian (新添) and Ji Zhu (集注) notations in this book have been changed among Du Ji (杜集) of Song dynasty, showing that this book appeared earlier in the development chain of the Du Shi Ji Zhu (杜詩集注). The difference between this book and the Fen Men Ben (分門本) about Wei Su Zhu (偽蘇注) is important for study of the origin and evolution of it. From the aspects of categorization, volume arrangement, and actual poetry collection, there exists a close version relationship between this book and Fen Men Ben. All the above points indicate that this book preserves the original information about Du Shi Ji Zhu in the early period, which is of great significance to the development of Du Shi Ji Zhu in the Song dynasty.(Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

Objective: The correlation degree between organic acids and microbial community structure of pit mud (PM) with different depths in new PM (3 years old) and old PM (30 years old) was analyzed in order to understand the aging and maturation rule of PM in vertical dimension. Methods: Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the succession of microbial community structure in PM, and the interaction between organic acids and microorganisms was analyzed by correlation analysis. Results: There was a significant difference between the deep (4~10 cm) and shallow (0~4 cm) layers of pit mud in the vertical dimension. Caproiciproducens occupied the dominant position in shallow pit mud of old pit cellar, while Fastidiosipila and Hydrogenispora occupied the dominant position in deep pit mud. In the new pit mud, Lactobacillus played a dominant role in both shallow and deep pit mud. The relative abundance of Bacillus and Clostridium sensu stricto 12 increased with the increase of pit mud depth. The shallow pit mud was positively correlated with water, acetic acid, hexanoic acid, lactic acid, butyric acid and humus, while the deep pit mud was positively correlated with NH4+-N, available phosphorus and pH. Correlation analysis of organic acids and microorganisms showed that Caloramatoraceae was positively correlated with organic acid synthesis in the old pit cellar. Lactobacillus and Hydrogenispora in the new pit were positively correlated with organic acid synthesis. Caproiciproducens was positively correlated with organic acid content in new and old cellars. Conclusion: The results of this study can clarify the prokaryotic community structure and physicochemical factors of vertical dimension of pit mud in the bottom of new and old pit mud, and provide reference for guiding the maturation and stability of pit mud.

In this experiment, degreased kidney bean protein was used as raw material. The effects of different ultrasonic conditions on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of kidney bean protein were analyzed by solubility, emulsification and total antioxidant capacity. The results showed that compared with the untreated group, when the ultrasonic time was 20 min and the power was 400 W, the hydrolysis degree and solubility of kidney bean protein reached the maximum value, which increased from 3.34% to 20.10% and 56.83% to 79.63%, respectively. Foamability and foamability stability of kidney bean protein were significantly enhanced after ultrasonic treatment (P

Using defatted adzuki bean protein as raw material, the effects of different ultrasonic power and time on the physical and chemical properties and antioxidant function of adzuki bean protein were studied by using hydrolysis degree, foaming ability and total antioxidant capacity. After treatment with ultrasonic power of 400 W for 20 min, the hydrolysis degree and solubility of adzuki bean protein reached the maximum value, which increased from 3.39% to 21.30% and 46.77% to 79.63%, respectively. Emulsification and emulsification stability were significantly enhanced (P

With the expansion of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) applications and the development of SAR data acquisition technology, multiangle SAR datasets of various typical targets need to be constructed. Presently, a comprehensive multiangle SAR image dataset for aircraft targets is still lacking. This study explores a method of dataset construction based on the acquisition of actual data and intelligent simulation. Multiangle SAR images of aircraft targets are collected through flight tests, and the interpolation simulations of SAR images of specific angles are realized based on scattering analysis and self-attention generative adversarial network, which provide a new solution for dataset construction and expansion. Finally, under the assumption that some data are missing, the similarities between the simulated and actual images are evaluated using six evaluation indices, which verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Coastal reclamation has negative impacts on the marine eco-environment and leads to the loss of marine ecosystem services, and it is very important to evaluate the value of marine ecosystem services for the intensive and economical utilization of marine resources and the sustainable development. Based on the characteristics of ecosystem services of Zhifu Bay (ZFB) of Yantai in Shandong Province, a functional value method was adopted, and four ecosystem service indicators were selected, including provisioning service, regulating service, supporting service and cultural service to establish an evaluation model. The evaluation model of the coastal ecosystem services was optimized, and the value loss of marine ecosystem services caused by coastal reclamation in the ZFB was evaluated. The results showed that the total loss of marine ecosystem service value caused by the coastal reclamation of the ZFB for 40 years was 2.95×107 yuan/a, with unit area 3.72×104 yuan/ (hm2·a), of which the annual loss of provisioning service was the largest, accounting for 56.95% of the total loss, followed by the cultural service, the supporting service and the regulating service, accounting for 27.28%, 8.10% and 7.67%, respectively. The rich fishery resources and developed tourism in the ZFB were the main factors that caused the high value loss of provisioning service and cultural service. The evaluation of marine ecosystem services in the present study would provide the scientific basis for ecological compensation of reclamation in the ZFB, and contribute to improving the utilization efficiency of marine space resource. It would also provide scientific support for the rational development and utilization of marine natural resources.

In order to study the spatial distribution of microorganisms and volatile compounds in pit mud, solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the main volatile compounds in pit mud, and Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to analyze the composition of microbial community in pit mud. The results of the study showed that the volatile components in the pit mud were mainly esters and acids, accounting for 73.01% to 98.36%, and they continued to increase with the increase of the depth of the pit. A total of 10 phyla, 15 classes, 21 orders, 42 families, and 64 genera of prokaryotic microorganisms were detected in the pit mud samples. The dominant flora accounted for 98.86%~99.93% of the total number of bacteria at the phylum level, and Firmicutes was the absolute dominant flora. The Shannon index increased from 2.130 to 4.970, the Simpson index increased from 0.557 to 0.932, and the ACE index and Chao1 index were the highest at the bottom of the pool, at 114.523 and 114.50, respectively. Results of α-diversity indicated that the abundance and diversity of microbial flora in the lower part of the pool wall and pit mud at the bottom of the pool were higher than that in the upper and middle parts of the pool wall, which was consistent with the type and content distribution of volatile substances. Dominant bacteria such as Clostridium and Methanobacter were the main microorganisms which could carry out microbial metabolism and inter-species material exchange, and produce important aroma substances and their precursors. As the depth of space increased, they continued to react and accumulate, closely related to spatial location of the mud. Spatial difference was an important reason for the differences in the composition of prokaryotic microbes and volatile substances in different spatial locations of pit mud.

In order to achieve the efficient interconnection of everything, under the limitations of terminal devices’ batteries and network coverage, the intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) technology was introduced to build a new IRS-aided simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) network.To further improve the total throughput of the network, a resource allocation (RA) scheme aiming at sum-rate maximization was proposed.Considering that the constraints of the maximum transmit power of a base station, the minimum energy requirement of each device and the phase shifts on an IRS, a joint transmit beamforming, power splitting (PS) ratio and phase shift optimization problem was formulated.Due to the non-convex problem and coupled variables, a block coordinate descent (BCD)-based algorithm was proposed.Then, the joint transmit beam forming design, PS ratio optimization and phase shift design were solved by using the successive convex approximation (SCA) and Riemannian manifold methods, respectively.Simulation results show that the proposed RA scheme performs better than the existing RA schemes in terms of sum-rate.

Taking 7A52 aluminum alloy as the object, the preparation process optimization and corrosion resistance research of micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer were carried out.The response surface method was used to design the micro-arc oxidation test, and the effects of voltage, frequency, and graphene additive concentration on the thickness and porosity of the micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer were studied in the silicate electrolyte system.Furthermore, the Quadratic model was used to fit the data, the Criteria was used to conduct predictive analysis and perform experimental validation of predictive parameters and response values.The response surface analysis showed that when the conditions were 465.52 V of predicted voltage, 102.66 Hz of frequency and 0.38 g/L of graphene concentration, it possessed 9.992 61% of the optimal porosity and 15.427 7 μm of the optimal ceramic layer thickness.Experiments with the above conditions showed that the measured porosity of as-prepared layer was 9.6%, and the thickness was 12.76 μm.Moreover, the electrochemical tests on the micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer prepared under this conditions indicated that the corrosion potential increased significantly, and the corrosion current decreased, which inferred that the layer had good corrosion resistance.

The petroleum geological elements and main controlling factors of the Middle-Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Group in the eastern Sichuan Basin were systematically analyzed on the basis of geological outcrops and drilling data. Results showed that the reservoir lithology of the Xixiangchi Group was mainly micritic and silt-crystal dolomites, and the reservoir space was dominated by dolomite inter-crystalline pores, inter-crystalline dissolved pores and karst caves, etc., at the meantime, the reservoir quality is generally poor. The Xixiangchi Group was vertically composed by two sets of source rocks strata: the underlying Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation and the overlying Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation. The Silurian shale and the Lower Ordovician argillaceous rocks acted as regional and local cap rocks of the Xixiangchi Group. High-quality reservoirs are the necessary prerequisite for hydrocarbon accumulation in the Xixiangchi Group, and the source-reservoir spatial configuration and its effectiveness are the key factors to hydrocarbon accumulation. Though the Xixiangchi Group could have been charged by natural gas generated from the underlying and the overlying source rocks, it is difficult for the natural gas generated from the underlying source rocks to migrate up to the Xixiangchi Group due to the barrier of the Cambrian gypsum layers. However, the faulted anticlines developed over the Cambrian gypsum layer were favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation because they could change and construct a series of effective source-reservoir spatial configuration between the Wufeng-Longmaxi source rocks and the Xixiangchi reservoirs, and finally formed reservoirs with "young source in old reservoir" in the Xixiangchi Group.

The design of the existing pipe-climbing robot often focused on adaptability，obstacle climbing ability and load capacity，which cannot meet the comprehensive requirements of all aspects of performance in the actual operation. Therefore，based on the bionics theory and the metamorphic theory，a new kind of pipe-climbing robot is designed，which has the performance of adaptability，obstacle climbing ability and load capacity. The static models of the metamorphic grippers and the robot are established，and the gripper force and the friction force of the foot are analyzed under three conditions. The gait of climb in the vertical pipe robot climbing and flip movement is designed，and based on the Adams，pipe-climbing robot kinematics and dynamics simulation are analyzed. The clamping force and the friction force in the process of climbing pipe change rule is obtained. And the stability of the robot in the line movement is realized. Therefore the correctness of the structure design and mechanics model of the robot is verified.

Discarded walnut shells were modified by the chemical composition of special steel slag ultrafine powder to obtain steel-slag-based biomass-activated carbon. The influences of the mass ratio of discarded walnut shell ultrafine powder and special steel slag ultrafine powder, the fineness of special steel slag ultrafine powder, and adsorption ambient temperature on the absorbed chlorine gas performance of steel-slag-based biomass-activated carbon were studied. Results show good chlorine gas absorption performance when the mass ratio of discarded walnut shell ultrafine powder and special steel slag ultrafine powder is 100∶6, the fineness of special steel slag ultrafine powder is 600 mesh, and adsorption ambient temperature is 30 ℃. The magnetic property of Fe2O3 in special steel slag ultrafine powder is conducive to the formation and enrichment of chlorine gas on the surface of steel-slag-based biomass-activated carbon, improving its absorption performance. Catalytic performance of CuO and MnO helps promote the absorbing performance of steel-slag-based biomass-activated carbon. When the fineness of special steel slag ultrafine powder is excessively large, agglomeration of small particle size occurs and affects the adsorption capacity of steel-slag-based biomass-activated carbon to chlorine gas. When the particle size of special steel slag ultrafine powder is small, the special steel slag ultrafine powder with good uniformity is less effective in improving the adsorption of chlorine on the steel-slag-based biomass-activated carbon. The higher adsorption ambient temperature may lead to the analytical phenomenon of chlorine gas from steel-slag-based biomass-activated carbon. Moreover, no superfine agglomeration and deposition of special steel slag ultrafine powder on the surface of steel-slag-based biomass-activated carbon are observed. The obtained carbon exhibits the layered structure characteristics and provides space for chlorine gas adsorption.

The simulation of bolt joints affects the analysis accuracy of the dynamic characteristics of the whole structure in the dynamic modeling of bolted connection structures. In this study, the mechanical properties of the bolted thin-plate lap joint were simulated based on a nonuniformly distributed virtual material. The parameters of the virtual material were expressed based on a complex modulus, and the complex stiffness matrix can be directly generated to express the stiffness and damping characteristics of the lap joint. The steps used to generate a joint damping matrix in conventional modeling were omitted, and the modeling process was simplified to ensure model accuracy. We established a semianalytical model of a bolted thin plate structure to enable its dynamic analysis. In this study, we first described the modeling concept. The virtual material was assumed to have three types of nonuniform complex modulus distributions to simulate the mechanical properties of the bolted lap joint. We proposed a method for determining the storage modulus and energy dissipation modulus of the virtual material using a reverse identification technique. Based on the energy method and the assumed modes of orthogonal polynomials, we derived a semianalytical model of bolted thin plates and develop an innovative formula for solving the frequency response function at any hammering point and the vibration point of the semianalytical model. Finally, we conducted a case study on a bolted thin plate structure. Results show that the deviation between the simulated natural frequencies calculated using the semianalytical model and the experimental natural frequencies are less than 5%. Further, the calculated model shapes and frequency-response-function curves are close to those obtained based on the measured values. These results prove that a virtual material with a nonuniform complex modulus distribution can effectively simplify the modeling of a bolted joint and achieve high simulation accuracy.

To overcome the vulnerability of strong physical unclonable function, the adversarial learning model of strong PUF was presented based on the adversarial learning theory, then the training process of gradient descent algorithm was analyzed under the framework of the model, the potential relationship between the delay vector weight and the prediction accuracy was clarified, and an adversarial sample generation strategy was designed based on the delay vector weight. Compared with traditional strategies, the prediction accuracy of logistic regression under new strategy was reduced by 5.4% ~ 9.5%, down to 51.4%. The physical structure with low overhead was designed corresponding to the new strategy, which then strengthened by symmetrical design and complex strategy to form a new PUF architecture called ALPUF. ALPUF not only decrease the prediction accuracy of machine learning to the level of random prediction, but also resist hybrid attack and brute force attack. Compared with other PUF security structures, ALPUF has advantages in overhead and security.

Aiming at the problems of the single flight mode and inflexible flight attitude，a variable amplitude flapping wing aircraft is designed. By adjusting the flapping amplitude， the flapping wing motion attitude and flight mode can be switched. The kinematics model of flapping wing mechanism with variable amplitude is established to analyze the kinematic characteristics of flapping wing mechanism based on the joint simulation of Adams and Matlab. The aerodynamic model of flapping wing with multiple flight modes is established to analyze the aerodynamic characteristics of flapping wing mechanism with variable amplitude by XFLR5 software. According to set relevant parameters， various flight modes such as take-off， fast flight and slow cruise have been realized and the flexibility of flapping wing aircraft is improved， which provides a research basis for the further development of flapping wing aircraft in the future.

China has set a goal of reaching a carbon peak by 2030 and becoming carbon neutral by 2060. Based on the 2050 global energy interconnection (GEI) scenario and backbone grid plan, such issues in the construction of the GEI as high proportion of clean energy, connecting pattern and grid structure, operation control measures, etc. were studied. The proportions of clean energy, implementation path and responding measures to challenges were analysed, the concept of multi-node and multi-loop generalized backbone grid were proposed. The hierarchical and zoning structure was discussed, and intelligent dispatching, stability control, information communication and big data and other operational control measures were proposed. Key technologies such as large-capacity long-distance power transmission, cross-sea power transmission, clean energy power generation, and energy storage were analysed and predicted.

In order to study the energy situation more accurately and formulate energy policies scientifically in the process of energy transition, this paper analyzed the European Union (EU) energy and power policy, which provides reference for our country to make energy policy. Firstly, the energy policies of EU including Energy Package, 2030 Climate-energy Package and Strategic Energy Technology Plan were summarized. Secondly, the relationship between ten-year network development plan and the transmission part of roadmap were studied. At last, the key technologies related to future DC transmission were prospected. According to the analysis, this paper presents that the main implication of EU policy on Chinese energy and electrical policy is as follows: legislation should be done first, the effect of revolutionary technology on load forecasting should be considered, and the technical reserve of DC transmission should be strengthened.

Isomorphism identification is one of the indispensable processes in structure synthesis of planetary gear trains. It is of great significance for the creation of novel planetary gear train with excellent transmission characteristics. A new method for identifying isomorphism of planetary gear trains based on traversing loops is proposed. Firstly，a new method for describing the topological diagram basic characteristics of planetary gear trains by the new loop matrix is proposed. This matrix contains all the information of the topological structure of planetary gear trains. Then，the rule to traverse loops and its priority is defined，to make sure that there is the uniqueness of description. Then，the loop code，the loop sequence and loop degree of planetary gear trains are obtained based on the principle of improved Hamming number and the new loop matrix. By distinguishing whether the structural constants of the loop code，the loop sequence and loop degree are equal，the isomorphism of the planetary gear trains is identified. Finally，the validity and reliability of the method are verified by many examples.

In the face of the development of the information technology in the port and waterway,the Internet of things (IoT) technology can help to build China’s water transport perception network.The big data analysis of the waterborne transport has become a hot topic for researchers and practitioners in the field of transportation.The navigation density of each port in the water transportation is nonlinear and spatio-temporal correlation,so it is a great challenge to accurately predict it.A multi-feature spatiotemporal graph convolution network (MFSTGCN) was proposed to solve the problem of the traffic density prediction.MFSTGCN effectively captured the spatial-temporal correlation of the ship navigation density data by using the spatial convolution and temporal convolution through three features,which were navigation volume,average ship speed and ship density.The experiment was carried out on the automatic identification system (AIS) data set collected from a shipping platform.The results show that the prediction effect of the MFSTGCN model is better than the spatio-temporal graph convolution network (STGCN) model.

In view of the influence of the load contact conditions on Brazilian test results, the acoustic emission (AE) monitoring system was used to conduct a Brazilian test of hard and brittle low-porosity sandstone under linear/non-linear load contact conditions. The standard Brazilian discs with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 25 mm were instrumented with a three-dimensional sensor array containing eight Nano30 sensors. All the discs were equipped with identical three-dimensional sensor arrays. At the same load rate, the Brazilian discs were quasi-statically loaded under both linear/non-linear loads. The Richter 8 acquisition system continuously recorded waveform signals from eight channels from load application to brittle failure. Under the linear/non-linear load conditions, 1131 and 931 AE events were successfully located by a P-wave automatic picking and collapsing grid search algorithm. Under the linear/non-linear load condition, the crack initiation points were both away from the disc center. For non-central crack initiation, the tensile strength test may underestimate the true value. A pole density analysis of the planes under nonlinear load conditions shows that the local distortion of the fracture is greater than that under linear load. The evolution of the 3D damage to the disc shows that the load area of the disc significantly affects the cumulative time of damage, amount of energy liberation and stability of the crack propagation. The moment tensor decomposition was performed on the effective AE events, and the isotropic (ISO) component, the pure double-coupled (DC) and the compensated linear vector dipole (CLVD) component frequency percentage were obtained. The classification method was applied to quantitatively analyze the focal mechanism. The results show that the Brazilian test is not sensitive to the load contact conditions, and the focal mechanism of both cases can be interpreted as the initiation, propagation, and penetration of the tensile and shear microcracks approximately along the load direction.

In view of the fact that a single event as an attack detection feature leads to a higher false positive rate,an intranet attack detection method using Bayesian network model for cross-space event correlation and Kalman filter linear model for cross-temporal event correlation was proposed.Based on the method,a process query system was implemented,which can scan and correlate distributed network events according to the user's high-level process description.Experimental analysis show that the proposed method can significantly reduce the false positive rate of intranet attack detection without increasing the computational overhead.

The short-range numerical weather prediction model has been developed as a tool to forecast the torrential rainfall since it has the capability to describe the dynamic convergence, fundamental physics and the real topography reasonably when the horizontal resolution is increased to a few tens of kilometers. The nearly fifty years of development in the meso-scale numerical prediction model for heavy rainfall has witnessed great changes in the dynamical core from hydrostatic to non-hydrostatic, the resolution from coarse to fine, the physical processes from simple to comprehensive, cloud and precipitation forecast from implicit to explicit and initialization from simple interpolation to complicated assimilation. In this paper, we mainly focus on dynamical frames, physical packages and initialization techniques of the meso-scale numerical heavy rainfall prediction model to analyze its important advances at home and abroad. Some future directions of the model development are also suggested. The review will be helpful to understand the current status and development trend of meso-scale model as an important tool to study and forecast heavy rainfall.