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Background The phenomenon of coronary slow flow (CSF) is characterized by recurrent angina pectoris, which may lead to acute myocardial infarction, fatal arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death, and reduce the quality of life of patients. With the improvement of the safety, feasibility and reliability of coronary angiography (CAG), the detection rate of CSF increased gradually. However, there are few studies on the mechanism of early-onset CSF and clinical characteristics of young patients with CSF. Objective To explore the clinical characteristics in young patients with CSF and compare them with the elderly patients in order to provide its pathogenesis. Methods Continuity analysis from January 2017 to January 2019, 86 young patients (18 years ≤ age

In order to investigate the reaction process of using zinc chloride(ZnCl2) and uranium metal to prepare the electrolytic refining initial molten salt system LiCl-KCl-UCl3. In LiCl-KCl eutectic molten salt at 500 ℃, the thermodynamic calculation of the possible reaction was firstly carried out, the calculated results were used to determine the possible reaction path. The reaction process of uranium metal and zinc chloride was monitored by in-situ cyclic voltammetry and in-situ absorption spectroscopy. The color change of molten salt during the reaction was observed, and the change of element content in the sample was analyzed by ICP-MS. The reaction products were characterized by XRD and SEM-EDS. Summary all of them, the reaction behavior and reaction mechanism were finally determined. The results show that during the process of uranium metal and zinc chloride, Zn(Ⅱ) directly oxidizes uranium metal to U(Ⅲ), and the resulting Zn metal forms U-Zn alloy on the surface of the uranium metal. The process of initial molten salt system LiCl-KCl-UCl3 prepared by zinc chloride and uranium metal reaches equilibrium within 240 min, the final mass fraction of Zn is maintained at 0.01%.

In order to investigate the regulatory mechanism of exogeneous calcium chloride (CaCl2) on postharvest energy metabolism and ascertain the association between energy metabolism levels and color change in ‘Xiaobai’ apricots, ‘Xiaobai’ apricots from Xinjiang were fumigated with 3 g/100 mL CaCl2 solution or distilled water (control) before being stored at (10 ± 1.0) ℃ and relative humidity of (80 ± 5)%. Changes in chlorophyll, carotenoid, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP) contents and energy charge (EC) levels in the peel and pulp of apricots and changes in enzyme activities and gene expression related to energy metabolism were determined during the storage period. The results showed that compared with the control group, CaCl2 treatment delayed chlorophyll degradation, inhibited carotenoid synthesis, maintained ATP and ADP contents and energy charge levels, enhanced the activities of H+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and cytochrome c oxidase (CCO), and induced the expression of the PaH+-ATPase1, PaCa2+-ATPase10, PaSDH and PaCCO6 genes in both peel and pulp. Chlorophyll content in the peel and pulp was positively correlated with ATP, ADP and EC levels, but negatively correlated with carotenoid contents. There was a significantly positive correlation between chlorophyll and ADP levels in the peel and pulp (P < 0.01). It was suggested that exogenous CaCl2 could delay postharvest color change and maintain high energy charge by regulating energy metabolism, therefore prolonging the shelf life of ‘Xiaobai’ apricots.

This study aimed to analyze the quality differences of sauced beef with aged brine and quantitative marinating methods by evaluating sensory characteristics, color, shear force, texture, moisture distribution, taste nucleotides, and free amino acids. Results showed that quantitative marinated beef received a higher score in sensory evaluation than aged brine marinated beef. Additionally, quantitative marinated beef had better color, lower shear force and hardness compared to aged brine marinated beef (P

Objective To establish the GC-MS qualitative and quantitative analysis methods for the synthetic cannabinoids, its main matrix and additives in suspicious electronic cigarette （e-cigarette） oil samples. Methods The e-cigarette oil samples were analyzed by GC-MS after diluted with methanol. Synthetic cannabinoids, its main matrix and additives in e-cigarette oil samples were qualitatively analyzed by the characteristic fragment ions and retention time. The synthetic cannabinoids were quantitatively analyzed by using the selective ion monitoring mode. Results The linear range of each compound in GC-MS quantitative method was 0.025-1 mg/mL, the matrix recovery rate was 94%-103%, the intra-day precision relative standard deviations （RSD） was less than 2.5%, and inter-day precision RSD was less than 4.0%. Five indoles or indazole amide synthetic cannabinoids were detected in 25 e-cigarette samples. The main matrixes of e-cigarette samples were propylene glycol and glycerol. Additives such as N,2,3-trimethyl-2-isopropyl butanamide （WS-23）, glycerol triacetate and nicotine were detected in some samples. The content range of synthetic cannabinoids in 25 e-cigarette samples was 0.05%-2.74%. Conclusion The GC-MS method for synthesizing cannabinoid, matrix and additive in e-cigarette oil samples has good selectivity, high resolution, low detection limit, and can be used for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of multiple components; The explored fragment ion fragmentation mechanism of the electron bombardment ion source of indole or indoxamide compounds helps to identify such substances or other compounds with similar structures in cases.

The transmission characteristics of laser in four types of harbor water were studied using Monte Carlo method simulations for the characteristics of strong absorption and high scattering of water in marine harbors. The effects of water quality parameters and transmission distance on the optical signal power, impulse response and spot quality were quantified and analyzed at certain optical wavelengths, optical energies and divergence angles. The analysis shows that the attenuation characteristics of laser remain consistent as the attenuation length increases when the optical signal is transmitted in the four types of harbor waters. The rate of attenuation of the optical power also does not conform to the linear relationship described by Beer's law. Under the same water quality conditions, the width of the optical pulse, the size of the light spot increases with the attenuation length. However, when the attenuation length is transmitted from 20 to 30, the width of the optical pulse is almost unchanged, and the change in the amount of light pulse spreading is less than 1 ns with the size of the light spot increases continuously. In addition, at the same attenuation length, the light pulse and the spreading amount of light spot with the water quality attenuation coefficient increases and decreases.

Objective To explore the gait characteristics prior to the step initiation in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods A total of 20 patients diagnosed with early PD admitted to Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from July 2020 to June 2021, and 22 normal controls with normal cognitive and motor function matched by gender, age, body mass index (BMI) and education were included. The gait characters in the initial step stage [anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) duration, fowward APAs peak, lateral APAs peak] and the first step period (first step duration, first step swing angle), as well as the gait characters in the walking stage (step speed and stride length) during the 7 m Stand and Walk Test (7MSAW) were recorded by gait analyzer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the value of gait characteristics in diagnosis of early PD. Results The APAs duration in early PD group was longer than that in control group (Z = ⁃ 4.853, P = 0.000), and the forward APAs peak was lower than that in control group (Z = ⁃ 5.253, P = 0.000). The cut⁃off value of APAs duration was 0.440 s, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.947 (95%CI: 0.885-1.000, P = 0.000), the sensitivity was 95%, the specificity was 77.30%, and the Youden index was 0.723. The cut⁃off value of forward APAs peak was 0.445 m/s2, the AUC was 0.974 (95%CI: 0.936-1.000, P = 0.000), the sensitivity was 85%, the specificity was 95.50%, and the Youden index was 0.805. The cut⁃off value of the combination was 0.540, the AUC was 0.974 (95%CI: 0.936-1.000, P = 0.000), the sensitivity was 90%, the specificity was 90.10%, and the Youden index was 0.801. Conclusions The APAs in the initial step stage is abnormal in patients with early PD, the related parameters have high sensitivity and specificity, which can assist clinicians in early screening of diseases.

In this study, different sugar alcohols (maltitol, erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol) were added to make low sugar orange sweet potato puree. The effects of different sugar alcohols on rheological properties, storage color, β-carotene content and digestive properties of orange sweet potato puree were investigated. The results showed that all samples were pseudoplastic fluid. After Power-law model fitting, maltitol and erythritol significantly reduced the viscosity of sweet potato puree (P

Federated learning can effectively ensure the privacy and security of data because it trains data locally on the client.The study of federal learning has made great progress.However,due to the existence of non-independent and identically distributed data,unbalanced data amount and data type,the client will inevitably have problems such as lack of accuracy and low training efficiency when using local data for training.In order to deal with the problem that the federal learning efficiency is reduced due to the difference of the federal learning background,this paper proposes an efficient federated learning scheme based on background optimization to improve the accuracy of the local model in the terminal device,so as to reduce the communication cost and improve the training efficiency of the whole model.Specifically,the first device and the second device are selected according to the diffe-rence in accuracy in different environments,and the irrelevance between the first device model and the global model (hereafter we collectively refer to as the difference value) is taken as the standard difference value.Whether the second device uploads the local model is determined by the value of the difference between the second device and the first device.Experimental results show that compared with the traditional federated learning,the proposed scheme performs better than the federated average algorithm in common federated learning scenarios,and improves the accuracy by about 7.5% in the MINIST data sets.In the CIFAR-10 data set,accuracy improves by about 10%.

The emergence of business intelligence and analytics(BI&A) 3.0 and the broadening application scenarios of information fusion enhance the importance of data fusion in the business intelligence.More and more researches in the fields of economy,finance and management use the idea and methods of fusion,and the application of data fusion in these fields shows characteristics different from the traditional information fusion.Considering the concepts of information fusion and BI&A,this paper puts forward the new connotation of BI&A based on the perspective of data fusion under the background of multi-source and heteroge-neous big data,highlighting the importance of data fusion in BI&A.In addition,the paper constructs the fusion framework of ‘data,information and knowledge’ for BI&A based on WSR system methodology,so that the data fusion can be better applied in the fields of economy,finance and management.It provides scientific basis for acquiring knowledge from massive multi-source and heterogeneous data,and is beneficial to the development and implementation of a more effective business intelligence system.

Surgical operation is the most commonly used method to correct intermittent exotropia(IXT), and the results are relatively positive. However, after surgery, some patients will experience a recurrence of exotropia. The recurrence rate increases with time. At present, there is no unified conclusion on the factors in the recurrence after intermittent exotropia surgery. Age at onset and surgery, preoperative and initial postoperative deviation, abnormal visual function, type of intermittent exotropia, operation pathway and preoperative assessment method may all be the risk factors. This review presents a conclusion on different results of recent studies and indication of the interaction among factors in order to gain a better understanding of the surgical indication and provide guidance for future research directions.

With the progress of technology and the improving awareness of environmental protection, the energy internet is taking shape gradually, and the renewable energy will become the main energy source, which puts forward new requirements for the development of natural gas pipeline networks. Herein, the conditions and functions of the natural gas pipeline networks integrating into the energy internet were analyzed from the perspective of its characteristics: (1) The important position of natural gas in ensuring energy security was pointed out based on the current demand situation of natural gas at home and abroad. Meanwhile, analysis was performed for the basic framework of energy internet, as well as the status of inadequate research on the operation characteristics of natural gas pipeline networks under the framework.(2) The development status of natural gas pipeline networks in China was analyzed in view of the status of trunk pipeline networks, the construction of urban natural gas pipeline networks and gas system reform. In addition, the important role of natural gas pipeline networks in energy internet was elaborated from the three aspects, i.e., gas and electricity peak shaving, hydrogenmixed transmission, and energy storage.(3) The operation mode of natural gas pipeline networks integrated into the energy internet was discussed from four aspects, i.e., natural gas energy measurement, demand-side comprehensive management, construction of energy storage and conversion facilities, and integrated multi-energy scheduling. Finally, some suggestions were given based on the situation and key technologies for the development of natural gas pipeline networks in energy internet, so as to take better advantages of great energy storage capacity, low loss of transportation, and strong adaptability to new energy.

With liquid silicone rubber DC 186 as the matrix, different silicone rubber film materials were prepared by regulating the amount of cross-linking system. The effect of cross-linking degree on mechanical properties of silicone rubber materials and the effects of the prestretching degree and duration on dielectric properties of silicone rubber materials were studied. The results showed that the increase in cross-linking degree could reduce the energy loss in the movement of silicone rubber molecular chain. Because the prestretching reduced the activity of polar groups on the molecular chain and the probability of orientation polarization, the higher the prestretching degree and the longer the prestretching duration, the smaller the dielectric constant of silicone rubber material and the higher the dielectric loss at low frequency.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the main pollutants in industrial painting. Monitoring VOCs in painting workplaces is one of the keys to protect the health of operators, reduce environmental pollution, and ensure the safety production of painting industry. The effects of time, wind speed and space position on the concentration distribution of VOCs were studied by mathematical analysis. Results showed that the concentration of VOCs was positively proportional to the spraying time in the spraying process. The concentration of VOCs was significantly reduced by air circulation, and when the air circulation speed was 1.5 m/s, the VOCs concentration decreased by 80.7% compared to that under the windless environment. According to the distribution law of VOCs at different axial and radial distances of the nozzle, the measuring position of the PID gas sensor in the spraying workshop was determined. In the area where the axial distance was 1.6～2.0 m and the radial distance was 0.3～0.4 m, the concentration of VOCs reached a stable value under the windless environment. Therefore, installing the sensor in this area to avoid air circulation as far as possible could achieve better monitoring effect and avoid affecting the normal spraying operation.

The subgrade, tunnel and bridge engineering of highways or railways may be affected by some geological disasters, especially by unknown disaster types, which directly affects the overall treatment decision.This article takes the Tongkuangling unstable slope on the Yiba Expressway as an example andidentifies the types of the Tongkuangling unstable slope by using field geological surveys, engineering geological analysis and monitoring data analysis. The field investigation shows that this unstable slope is made up of the eluvial deluvial deposit of the upper part and siltstone with an inverted layer of the lower part. Combined with the displacement monitoring data, it is determined that there are multiple shear slip surfaces in the loose deposits. The unstable slope is comprehensively determined to be a deep creep deformation body. Last, according to the characteristics of deformation, the Tongkuangling deformation body is finally divided into two zones, of which zone Ⅱ can be subdivided into two small zones. The Ⅱ2 zone is the key control part. This provides the geological basis for the subsequent treatment design of the deep deformation body.It can be seen that the combination of traditional engineering geological surveys and monitoring data analysis is an effective means to identify the type of geological disasters and determine the boundary range.

To reduce the content of free gossypol in cottonseed meal and improve the quality of cottonseed protein, this study used a two-stage fermentation method to treat cottonseed meal. Enterococcus faecalis (E) was first added, and then Aspergillus oryzae (M1) was added for staged fermentation. The fermentation conditions of mixed were optimized by single factor and orthogonal experiments. The results showed that when the inoculation amount of Enterococcus faecium was 1.5%, the fermentation temperature was 37 °C, the fermentation time was 24 h, the inoculation amount of Aspergillus oryzae was 1.5%, the fermentation temperature was 30 °C, the fermentation time 96 h, and the initial fermentation moisture of cottonseed meal was 50%, the crude protein content of cottonseed meal increased from 39.6% to 49.64%, the acid-soluble protein content increased from 4.79% to 36.58%, and the free gossypol content decreased from 1370 mg/kg to 45.32 mg/kg, and the detoxification rate reached 96.7%. The results would provide a scientific basis for the high-value utilization of cottonseed meal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To identify the time course of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) during laparoscopic surgery with trendelenburg position in gynecology and to quantify the effect of related factors. Methods Data from patients scheduled for elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery were collected and analyzed from June 2017 to Aug 2018 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Spline and mixed-effects models were used to investigate the changing trend and affecting factors of rScO2. Results Forty-eight ASA Ⅰ~Ⅱ patients were included. rScO2 presented a U-shaped trend over time with the spline model (P＜0.01 for the non-linear association). Episodes of cerebral deoxygenation were observed in 3 patients during the declining period of rScO2. Mean blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) were positively associated with rScO2 (P＜0.05). Peak airway pressure (PAP) and body mass index (BMI) were negatively associated with rScO2 (P＜0.05). Compared with other factors, the effects of BMI and ETCO2 on rScO2 were increased significantly over time(P＜0.05). Conclusions During the gynecological laparoscopic surgery with trendelenburg position, rScO2 changes significantly over time. BMI and ETCO2 exhibite greater effects on rScO2, and the effects increase significantly over time.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) has unique physical and optical properties. Proper doping of ZnO plays an important role in adjusting the photoelectric properties of its optoelectronic devices. In this paper, undoped, Ag-or Cu-doped, and Ag+Cu co-doped ZnO nanorod (NRs) arrays were synthesized by hydrothermal method at low temperature. Meanwhile the influence of doping and co-doping on the morphology, structure, and optical properties of ZnO NRs was investigated. The results show that the ZnO NRs prepared under different doping conditions were of wurtzite structure with strong (002) diffraction peak, and the diffraction peak of Ag+Cu co-doped ZnO NRs was similar to that of undoped ZnO NRs, which was due to the synergistic effect of lattice distortion caused by smaller radius Cu2+ doping and larger radius Ag+ doping than Zn2+. Affected by the size effect of nanorods and the Band Gap Renormalization effect, the UV emission peaks of all doped ZnO NRs had a red shift. Compared with that of undoped ZnO NRs, the intensity of visible emission peak of co-doped ZnO NRs increased slightly owing to the increasing defect concentration such as oxygen vacancy, and lay between that of AZO NRs and CZO NRs. Therefore, the co-doping of Ag and Cu makes it possible for ZnO NRs to be widely used in photoelectric field.

Based on industrial atomization devices, the efficiency of atomization and fumigation has been improved through hardware and software modifications and process design of atomization and fumigation equipment. By adding three sets of medicine and fumigant boxes and introducing a high-pressure atomization machine and an ultramicro-atomization nozzle, the diversity of the atomization and fumigation options was increased and the automatic proportioning of fumigants (ratio ranges of 1:1-1:200) was achieved. The optimal pressure of the high-pressure atomization machine 5.0 MPa, whereas the optimal mode was intermittent atomization for 75 s when an acrylic fumigation box was used. In a storage warehouse of 550 m3, the optimal pressure for the high-pressure atomization machine was 6.5 MPa, whereas the optimal operation mode was continuous atomization for 7 min, followed by natural precipitation of the fumigant natural for 3 min. The ultramicro-atomization nozzles were installed at 1 m intervals and the placement area of the specimens for atomization and fumigation were located 50 cm away from the wall of the warehouse and vertically 0.5~1.0 m below the ultramicro-atomization nozzles. Fumigation treatment with 40 mmol/L salicylate (SA) was effective in maintaining the storage quality of 'Xiaobai' and 'Saimaiti' apricots. At the end of the 7 day storage period, firmness of 'Xiaobai' apricots was 8.72 N, whereas the soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acid (TA) contents were 15.9% and 0.49%, respectively, representing 1.66-, 1.10-, and 1.58-fold increase compared to those of the control group, respectively. The decay rate was 0 after treatment with 40 mmol/L SA. The firmness of the Saimaiti apricots was 9.01 N, whereas TSS and TA contents were 13.5% and 0.67%, respectively (1.57-, 1.69-, and 1.60-fold higher than those of the control group, respectively). The decay rate was also 0 for Saimaiti apricots fumigated using SA. These results provide insights and technical support for the application of atomization and fumigation technologies in the storage and preservation of fresh apricots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the effect of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) expression on CD4+ T cell polarization in malignant tumors and its potential value as a target for cancer immunotherapy. Methods: Bioinformatics algorithm was used to analyze the expression of DKK1 in multiple types of tumor tissues and adjacent tissues, and the correlation between the expression of DKK1 and the prognosis of cancer patients and immune infiltration of tumor microenvironment. The effect of DKK1 protein on the phenotype of CD4+ T cells was analyzed by flow cytometry in vitro. A melanoma B16F10 cell mouse subcutaneous transplantation tumor model was established to observe the effects of blocking DKK1 on the growth of mouse transplantation tumor and immune cell infiltration and phenotype in transplantation tumor tissues. Results: The mRNA expression levels of DKK1 in many kinds of tumor tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent tissues. High expression of DKK1 was related to the poor prognosis of most tumor patients. In most types of tumors DKK1 played important negative regulatory role in CD4+ T cell anti-tumor immune response (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The results of flow cytometry in vitro showed that DKK1 protein stimulation significantly decreased the expression levels of T-bet, IFN-γ and CD107a in CD4+ T cells (all P<0.01). In the mouse subcutaneous melanoma model, it was found that blocking DKK1 could significantly inhibit the growth of transplanted tumors (P<0.01) and effectively improve the anti-tumor immune responses including the proportion of Th1 cells (T-bet+CD4+) increasing significantly (P<0.001), the proportion of effector CD8+ T cells (CD44+CD62L-) increasing significantly (P<0.01), and the proportion of Th2 cells (GATA3+CD4+) and Treg cells decreasing significantly (both P<0.01). Conclusion: Blocking DKK1 can effectively promote the phenotypic polarization of CD4+ T cells to Th1. DKK1 has potential value as a target for tumor immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to achieve energy saving and environmental protection, the research and utilization of solid waste polyurethane is realized. Using monocomponent di-propylene glycol (PG) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the alcoholysis agent of the two-component diols, alkali metal sodium hydroxide as the metal catalyst, and montmorillonite clay (MMT) as the modifier, the degradation products were utilized to re-prepare montmorillonite/polyurethane nanocomposites with excellent performance, and to re-prepare nano-foam materials. And a series of tests and analyses were carried out on the degradation products and nanofoam materials. The results show that when m(PG): m(PEG) = 40: 60, sodium hydroxide is 1.0 g, montmorillonite addition is 0.3 g, the polyurethane nanomaterials can achieve the best degradation effect, the apparent density of the newly prepared nano-foam material is 0.05 g/cm3, the compressive strength is 0.41 MPa. At this time, the nano-foam material has a smaller thermal conductivity and better cold-retaining performance, and meets the requirements of the national standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective A targeted metabolomics based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was established for the authentication of sea duck eggs. Methods In this study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to characterize the fat acid profiles of sea duck eggs and cage duck eggs. Chemometrics was used to analyze the difference between sea duck eggs and cage duck eggs to screen the markers that could be used to identify the authenticity of sea duck eggs. Results Omega-3 fatty acids (Ω-3) in sea duck eggs account for a higher proportion of total fatty acids than cage duck eggs, and there were significant differences (t=23.58, P

BACKGROUND The injection of nanoscale zero valent iron particles (nZVI) into groundwater has been recently developed as an in-situ groundwater remediation technology. Most researches focused on how to remove a single type pollutant and the related mechanism. However, cases on the coexisting multiple pollutants in groundwater should not be ignored. OBJECTIVES To synthesize the bentonite-supported nanoscale Fe/Ni bimetals(B-Fe/Ni), in order to remove typical pollutants of trichloroethylene (TCE) and hexavalent chromium[Cr(Ⅵ)] which exhibit high reactivity and are more stable to remediate contaminated water. Also, to assess the performance of B-Fe/Ni on the removal of coexisting TCE and Cr(Ⅵ) and to determine the reaction mechanism. METHODS B-Fe/Ni was synthesized by one-step method and the batch experiments were conducted on the removal of TCE coexisted with different concentration of Cr(Ⅵ) by B-Fe/Ni. The samples of B-Fe/Ni were characterized before and after the reaction, and the contents of TCE and Cr(Ⅵ) were also monitored. RESULTS B-Fe/Ni can efficiently remediate Cr(Ⅵ) and TCE in water. B-Fe/Ni (1 g/L) could completely remove Cr(Ⅵ) (50 mg/L) in 2 h in the presence of coexisting TCE (0.1 mmol/L). However, the degradation rate of TCE by B-Fe/Ni was decreased with increased initial concentration of Cr(Ⅵ) (0, 10, 30, 50 mg/L). According to TEM-EDS and XPS for B-Fe/Ni before and after reaction, it is shown that Fe-Cr co-precipitation from the fast interaction of B-Fe/Ni with Cr(Ⅵ) occupied the reactive sites on the surface of B-Fe/Ni, mitigating the degradation of TCE. According to the final products of TCE degradation, it is shown that TCE was completely dechlorinated. CONCLUSIONS B-Fe/Ni is suitable for the remediation of groundwater combined pollution. In practical applications, it is necessary to consider the mutual influence of multiple pollutants and select the appropriate reagent dosage and injection method. The proposed method has important theoretical significance and application for the development of ZVI repair technology.

Objective To analyze the relationship between the suicide method and the sex, age, education background and cause of suicide to provide reference for the forensic identification of suicide. Methods After scene investigation, external body examination, autopsy and case investigation, 124 identified suicide cases which happened in recent three years in Wuhua district in Kunming were collected. Analytical methods as chi-square test and descriptive statistics were performed by SPSS 22.0. Results In all the suicide cases, male to female ratio was 1.53∶1. The suicide methods were mainly fatal fall, hanging and drowning. The ratio of local to non-native residents was 1∶1. The suicide rate in the people with primary school or junior middle school education level was highest. The group of >10-50 years tended to choose fatal fall suicide and people over 60 years were more likely to choose hanging. People with different academic background tended to choose fatal fall suicide. The suicide methods as fatal fall and hanging were chosen because of mental and physical diseases and economic problems, while the suicides with emotional problems were more likely to choose fatal fall and poisoning. Conclusion Suicide belongs to a kind of complex cases. For the cases of suspected suicide, complete exploration and overall consideration should be done to determine the nature of cases based on comprehensive analysis of all the influence factors.

In order to explore the effect of the mitochondrial long non-coding RNA IDL on the metabolism and growth of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its mechanism, Mi to Stress Test was first performed in A549 cells, showing that the knockdown of IDL resulted in the impaired oxidative phosphorylation. Then, through the cell proliferation assay, wound healing assay and colony formation assay, it was proven that the growth rate was slowed down while the migration ability and clone formation ability were weakened in A549 and H1299 cells after IDL-knockdown. Subsequently, RNA pulldown assay and RIP assay were used to find out that IDL could specifically bind with ATP5A1, the a subunit of the ATPase, both in vitro and in vivo. It was proved that the OGlcNAc modification level of ATP5A1 was increased because of the IDL reduction through the Co-IP experiment. Meanwhile, the cell phenotypes of A549 and H1299 after ATP5A1 knockdown were consistent with those of the IDL-knockdown. These results reveal that IDL-knockdown impairs the oxidative phosphorylation function and inhibits the cell growth of non-small cell lung cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the effect of cueing strategies on balance function and gait in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods A total of 40 PD patients were randomly divided into control group (N = 20) and observation group (N = 20). The patients in control group received routine drug treatment and rehabilitation therapy according to the disease. The patients in observation group received rhythmic recurring cues and one - off cues on the basis of routine treatment. All patients were given rehabilitation therapy for 4 weeks (30 minutes, 5 times a week). Berg Balance Scale (BBS), 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) and Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ) were used to evaluate balance function and gait of patients before and after 4 - week training. 10MWT was used to calculate step length and velocity. Results After 4-week training, BBS score (P = 0.000), step length (P = 0.000) and velocity (P = 0.000) of 10MWT were significantly increased, while TUGT time (P = 0.000) and FOGQ score (P = 0.000) were significantly reduced in both groups. Compared with control group, step length (P = 0.048) and velocity (P = 0.025) of 10MWT were significantly increased, while TUGT time (P =0.023) and FOGQ score (P = 0.034) had a significant decrease in observation group. Conclusions Both routine rehabilitation therapy and cueing strategies can improve the balance function and gait of PD patients, but cueing strategies had better effect on gait than routine rehabilitation therapy. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.06.007

Objective To explore the effect of water-based exercise on motor function, balance function and walking ability in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods Forty patients with primary PD were randomly divided into conventional land-based rehabilitation therapy group (land-based group, N = 20) and water-based exercise group (water-based group, N = 20). Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Ⅲ (UPDRS Ⅲ) was used to evaluate the patients' motor function. Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) were used to evaluate balance function. The 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT) were used to evaluate walking ability. All the tests were carried out before and after 8-week training in 2 groups. Results Patients in both groups had a significant decrease on UPDRS Ⅲ score (P = 0.000), TUGT (P = 0.000) after training, while they had a significant increase on BBS score (P = 0.000), 6MWT (P = 0.000) and 10MWT (P = 0.000). The water-based group had significantly lower UPDRSⅢ score (P = 0.037), shorter TUGT (P = 0.013) and higher BBS score (P = 0.018) than those in land-based group after training. Conclusions Both conventional land-based training and water-based training had positive effect on motor function, balance function and walking ability in PD patients. The water-based training had more positive effect than land-based therapy on motor function and balance function. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.05.006

A novel bio-based epoxy resin system with rosin-sourced acid anhydrides was established by formula design and selection according to the resin film’s forming performance and state with different storage time. The formula involves epoxy resin/curing agent/accelerator with mass proportion of 100/60/3-4. The curing property and the relationship between viscosity-temperature-time of resin were characterized by dynamic or steady state DSC analysis and cone plate viscometer, respectively. The results show the resin system can be cured at the range of 120-140℃, and the range of hot melt prepreg temperature is 60-85℃ with the viscosity from 1500mPa·s to 5000mPa·s. The processing time of hot melt prepreg is about 180min at 70℃. The curing mechanism of bio-based resin was also investigated through the samples with different curing time by IF and DSC.

Acrossocheilus fasciatus has been main economical fish in the mountain areas of Zhejiang Province because of its high economic value and increasing demand. Based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, we systematically studied the correlation between intestinal microbiota of larval and juvenile Acrossocheilus fasciatus and bacterial community of culture water within the same period. The results showed that Chao1 and Shannon indices had no significant changes in intestinal microbiota of larval and juvenile A. fasciatus (P>0.05); however, the Chao1 and Shannon indices of culture water showed a significant downward trend with the development of A. fasciatus (P<0.05). ANOSIM analysis revealed that the compositions of intestinal microbiota in the larval and juvenile A. fasciatus were significantly different from the bacterial community of culture water (P<0.05). The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in the intestinal microbiota of larval A. fasciatus, while Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in culture water within the same period. Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla in the intestinal microbiota of juvenile A. fasciatus, while the dominant phylum in culture water within the same period consisted of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria. Linear regression analysis revealed that the changes of relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Fusobacteria were consistent in the A. fasciatus and culture water. At the genus level, Acetobacter was the dominant genus in the intestinal microbiota of larval A. fasciatus, while Cetobacterium was the dominant genus in juvenile A. fasciatus. Rare taxa and conditional rare taxa were the main taxa in the intestinal microbiota of A. fasciatus and bacterial community of culture water. Correlation analysis showed that no significant correlation was observed between intestinal microbiota of A. fasciatus and bacterial community of culture water (P>0.05). SourceTracker analysis verified that the proportional contributions of culture water to shaping the intestinal microbiota of the larval and juvenile A. fasciatus ranged from 0.39% to 28.67%. This study revealed the composition, structure and succession changes of the intestinal microbiota in larval and juvenile A. fasciatus and the bacterial community in culture water, which provided a reference for further study on the intestinal microbiota and healthy cultivation of A. fasciatus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to understand the effect of industrial pollution in the Baotou industrial areas on heavy metal content in soils, correlation analysis was used to study the source of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, Mn, and Ni. The heavy metal pollution in the soils was assessed using the methods of Nemerow index and Hakanson's ecological risk index. The results show that the contents of these seven heavy metals are higher than the background values of soils in Inner Mongolia. The exceeding ratios of Cd, Mn, Ni contents in soil are 100%, and Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr were 97%, 93%, 93%, 53%, respectively. The pollution degree of single elements showed the order of Cd > Pb > Cu > Ni > Zn > Mn > Cr. Pb and Cd are strong pollution elements, whereas Cu, Zn, Ni are moderate pollution elements,Cr, Mn are minor pollution elements. The main sources of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cr, Mn, Ni) in soils of the industrial district were industrial pollutant discharge and transportation. Excluding the two sources mentioned previously, Pb and Cd are mainly attributed to the emissions of coal-fired flue gas. The potential ecological risk has the order of Cd > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cr > Zn > Mn. Among them, Cd is the most harmful heavy metal pollutant and should be addressed.

Objective To investigate the change of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) expression level in rats with late-stage (the 7th day) traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the role of taurine. Methods The left cerebral TBI rat models were made by using lateral fluid percussion method. A total of 30 specific pathogen free (SPF) male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operation group (control group), TBI model group (TBI group) and taurine treatment group (taurine group). Wet and dry weight method was used to measure the brain water content. Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the change of mRNA and protein expression of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and mGluR5 in each group. Results Compared with control group, the brain water content (t = 4.893, P = 0.002), AQP4 mRNA (t = 6.523, P = 0.000) and protein (t = 4.366, P = 0.008) expression were upregulated, while mGluR5 mRNA (t = 5.776, P = 0.001) and protein (t = 3.945, P = 0.014) expression were downregulated in TBI group. After taurine treatment, the brain water content (t = 2.151, P = 0.140), AQP4 mRNA (t = 1.144，P = 0.432) and protein (t = 0.367, P = 0.804) decreased to normal, while mGluR5 mRNA (t = 1.824, P = 0.216) and protein (t = 1.185, P = 0.414) increased to normal. Correlation analysis showed brain water content was negatively correlated with mGluR5 mRNA (r = -0.617, P = 0.014) and mGluR5 protein (r = -0.665, P = 0.007), while it was positively correlated with AQP4 protein (r = 0.658, P = 0.008). Conclusions Taurine can significantly increase the mGluR5 expression level of brain issue in the late-stage (the 7th day) of TBI and decline brain edema and brain water content. It may be a potential protective agent as an inhibitory neurotransmitter. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2016.08.008

Cistanche deserticola planted in Xinjiang was used as the test material, and the effects of the active modified atmosphere treatment (6% CO2+4% O2+90% N2) combined with different packaging materials PE film (oxygen permeation 300 cm³/(m²⋅d)), microporous membrane M1 (oxygen permeation 6,000 cm³/(m² ⋅d)) and microporous membrane M2 (oxygen permeation 8,000 cm³/(m² ⋅d)) on the changes of active components and antioxidant activities of the fresh-cut Cistanche deserticola stored at a low temperature, (4±0.5)°C. The results showed that after 7 days of storage, the PPO activity and browning degree for the group treated with modified atmosphere microporous membrane (6% CO2+4% O2+90% N2+M1) were 2.07 U/g and 0.57 OD410/g, respectively, which were lower than those of the CK group. The contents of Vc, total phenolics, flavonoids, total polysaccharides, echinacoside and calycoside were 13.00%, 5.88%, 11.24%, 14.45%, 1.20% and 1.47%, respectively, higher than those of the CK group. The DPPH and ABTS+ free radical scavenging rates and FRAP value for the group treated with 6% CO2+4% O2+90% N2+M1 microporous membrane were 8.97%, 1.99% and 11.43%, respectively, higher than those of the CK group. Accordingly, the 6% CO2+4% O2+90% N2+M1 treatment could significantly retard the decrease of the active components of the fresh-cut C. deserticola, and maintain its high antioxidant capacity and slow down its senescence, thereby maintaining better the medicine and food homology of fresh-cut C. deserticola. This would be a good preservation method for fresh-cut C. deserticola. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective PET/CT imaging is expensive, so searching the tumor imaging agent for SPECT/CT is necessary. 99Tcm-N(NOEt)2 [bis (N-ethoxy-N-ethyl dithiocarbamato) nitrido99Tcm (V)] can be uptaken by lung cancer cells and other cells alike. The aim of this study is to evaluate the distinctive value in lung tumor with 99Tcm-N(NOEt)2, the difference in its uptake kinetics in human embryonic lung diploid fibroblasts KMB17 and several kinds of lung cancer cells lines. Methods Firstly, six different cell culture medium which contained YTMLC Gejiu human lung squamous carcinoma cell, SPC-A1 human lung adenocarcinoma cell, AGZY low metastatic human lung adenocarcinoma, 973 high metastatic human lung adenocarcinoma cell, GLC-82 Gejiu human lung adenocarcinoma cell, and KMB17 human embryonic lung diploid fibroblast, respectively with equal cell density of 1×106/mL and the same volume were prepared; secondly, the same radioactive dose of 99Tcm-N(NOEt)2 was added into each sample and then 300 μL mixed sample was taken out respectively and cultured in 37 oC culture box; Finally, 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 75 min, 90 min after cultivation, centrifuged each cultured sample and determined the intracellular radiocounts of each sample, calculated each cell sample’s uptake rate of 99Tcm-N(NOEt)2 at different time. Results Statistical difference was found among six cell samples, and the uptake rate sequence from high to low is 973 and SPC-A1>YTMLC>GLC-82>AGZY>KMB17 respectively; furthermore, 30 min-45 min after culture, the uptake rate reached stability, and the 45 min uptake rate of each sample was higher than its 96.7% uptake peak. Conclusion Based on the results above mentioned, it is supposed that there are discriminative clinical value when using 99Tcm-N(NOEt)2 as a tumor targeting imaging agent, and 30 min or so after injection may be the best imaging time in the early imaging stage.

Owing to the e-commerce and logistical needs for fresh grapes, a table grape preservation pad based on sodium metabisulfite and layered silicate was designed and produced, and was used for the postharvest preservation of 'Cresson' grapes during storage and transportation. The table grape preservation pads were treated using the following protocols: T1 (0.8 g sodium metabisulfite + 0.2 g sustained release agent), T2 (0.8 g sodium metabisulfite + 0.5 g layered silicate + 0.2 g sustained release agent), T3 (0.8 g sodium metabisulfite+1.0 g layered silicate + 0.2 g sustained release agent), and T4 (0.8 g sodium metabisulfite + 2.0 g layered silicate + 0.2 g sustained release agent). The effects of the table grape preservation pads on post-harvest storage quality of Cressen grapes were analyzed under shelf life conditions of 12-14°. The results showed that the T3 and T4 treatments can significantly decrease ethylene content in the storage environment; effectively maintain fruit hardness, soluble solid content, titratable acid content, ascorbic acid content; have higher sensory evaluation scores; and significantly inhibit grape respiration intensity, shattering, rotting, and stem browning compared with other treatment groups. This indicates that T3 and T4 had significant preservation effects on Cressen grapes during their shelf life and can effectively maintain Cressen grape shelf life quality. Thus, T3 (0.8 g sodium metabisulfite + 1.0 g layered silicate + 0.2 g sustained release agent) can be used as a new grape preservation method in actual production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of heat treatment (HT) technology on the storage quality of three different varieties of muskmelons cultivated in Xinjiang - an early-ripening variety (Xizhoumi No.25), middle-ripening variety (Jinmi No.3), and late-ripening variety (Jiashi melon) - was investigated. The melons were treated under different HT conditions (temperature and time) to analyze the physiological changes when stored at room temperature (23±2) °C. The optimized HT conditions of different melon varieties were selected and the effects of heating processing on the postharvest quality of the melons were studied. The optimum HT conditions for Xizhoumi No.25 and Jiashi melons were 62 °C and 15 s, whereas those for Jinmi No.3 melons were 58 °C and 15 s. The heat tolerance of the peels influenced the optimum HT conditions; the melon varieties with darker peels were more tolerant than those with lighter peels. After 18 days of storage, the conductivities of Xizhoumi No.25, Jinmi No.3, and Jiashi melons were 61.24%, 65.94%, and 74.18%, respectively, representing decreases of 12.54%, 17.72%, and 10.93% compared with those of the control group. HT technology effectively delayed fruit hardening and remarkably inhibited the increase in total soluble solids content. Thus, the quality of different varieties of melons was better maintained during storage. This study has provided theoretical and technical support for the industrial application of HT technology for muskmelon storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was to screen high-quality lactic acid bacteria strains with fast growth and reproduction, strong acid production ability and acid resistance from waste vegetable silage, to determine the high-quality strains suitable for the preparation of waste vegetable silage starter culture. In the experiment, the lactic acid bacteria attached to vegetable waste silage samples were screened out. The dominant isolated and screened lactic acid bacteria were purified and identified by traditional culture and 16S rRNA gene sequence. The acid-producing characteristics and growth rate of the identified lactic acid bacteria were determined, and the fermentation biological characteristics of the identified lactic acid bacteria were analyzed and tested. The results showed that three strains of high quality lactic acid bacteria were screened from the waste vegetables silage vegetables: Lactococcus lactis R-1 and Lactobacillus acidophilus R-2, R-3. The expeiment indicates that Lactobacillus acidophilus R-3 is suitable for the inoculation of waste vegetable silage according the indexes of low temperature resistance, acid production and growth rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clarifying the characteristics of heat waves and their impacts on vegetation is essential for the development of industry and agriculture and the maintenance of the ecological environment. Based on the daily average temperature data of 712 meteorological stations in China and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data, the heat wave event is defined with the excess heat factor as an indicator, and four indexes like the number of heat waves, maximum duration, frequency, and amplitude are selected. The indexes analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of heat wave events in 8 sub-regions of China from 1961 to 2017, and uses Spearman rank correlation analysis to explore the impact of heat wave events on vegetation finally. The results show that the four heat wave indexes have increased significantly and have undergone abrupt changes in the 1990s and early 21th century. The number, maximum duration and frequency of heat waves in the Qinghai-Tibet region, western region and eastern region have large mean values and changing trends over the years. The mean and changing trends of heat wave amplitude show the characteristics of spatial change of north high and south low. Heat wave events have a significant impact on the growth of vegetation. Heat wave events in the southeast coast, eastern Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang have an inhibitory effect on vegetation growth, while in the western region, Qinghai-Tibet region and southwest China heat wave events have a more obvious promotion effect on vegetation growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective. To mine regular patterns of mutation and associated causative genes through integrating big data from the perspective of genetic factors in infertility. Methods. A classification of causative genes collected in human infertility according to the protein category in the Universal Protein Resource (Uniprot) and statistics of mutation frequency in each kind of genes in clinical cases were made. The function and pathway of oxidoreductase with abnormal function, an important pathogenic factor, were analyzed, and related information was investigated. The mouse ortholog genes and pathogenic information of human steroid hormone biosynthesis were acquired from Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) in order to evaluate potential genes after finding out regularity and analysis of gene interaction. Results. It's commonest for oxidoreductase genes to be mutated in infertility-causative genes. The genes that mutated most easily seemed possibly to focus on the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway, and, furthermore, potential and related mutation genes were found. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3), an oxidoreductase, was considered as a candidate gene bringing about human infertility most probably after analyzing this pathway. Conclusion. It's commonest for oxidoreductase-causative genes, which are mainly responsible for generating steroid hormone, to be mutated in infertility, and these genes maybe include AKR1C3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Deep Neural Network (DNN) model is an important branch of the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model and the foundation of deep learning. In recent years, due to the improvement of computer computing power and the development of high-performance computing technology, it has become possible to increase the DNN network depth and the model complexity to improve its feature extraction and data fitting capabilities. As a result, DNN has shown advantages in natural language processing, autonomous driving, face recognition and other Issues. However, big data and complex models have greatly increased the training cost of deep neural networks. Therefore, accelerating the training process has become a key task. Its technical scope covers many aspects from the design of the underlying current to the design of distributed algorithms. The peak speed of the domestic Taanhe aimed at one quintillion of times, and the huge computing power provides a potential opportunity for DNN training. Based on the characteristics of the ARM architecture of the Taanhe prototype, using the PyTorch framework and MPI technology, this paper conducts a uniquely designed CNN training for a sing FT 2000 3 computing node, a single MT2000 3 computing node, and the multi-node cluster expanded through them. The performance of the above-mentioned processors in neural network distributed train-ing has been optimized and evaluated, which provides experimental data and theoretical basis for further improving the performance of the Tianhe-3 prototype system in neural network distributed training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of CEA mRNA in peritoneal lavage fluid for patients with gastric cancer after radical surgery. Methods: The clinical data of 139 gastric cancer patients, who underwent peritoneal lavage CEA mRNA detection after radical resection in the Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital from January 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Routine post-operative follow-up was conducted in all patients. The expression of CEA mRNA in peritoneal lavage fluid after radical resection of 139 gastric cancer patients was detected by RT-PCR. Chi-square test analysis was used to study the relationship between the expression of CEA mRNA in peritoneal lavage fluid and basic clinical features, histopathological data, hematological indicators and the recurrence pattern of GC patients. Logistic univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to screen the influential factors affecting CEA mRNA expression. Results: CEA mRNA was positive in 44 (31.7%) of 139 patients. Analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between CEA mRNA expression and sex, age, pathological grade, Lauren type, HER2, EGFR, VEGFR and Ki67 (all P>0.05), but there was significant correlation between CEA mRNA expression and pathological type, vascular invasion, local invasion depth, lymph node metastasis and clinical AJCC stage (all P<0.05). The peritoneal recurrence rate of patients with positive CEA mRNA expression was significantly higher than that of patients with negative expression (P=0.012). Logistic univariate regression analysis showed that signet ring cell carcinoma (P=0.04, HR=2.810, 95% CI: 1.050-7.520), T stage (P=0.016, HR=6.329, 95% CI: 1.417-28.264), N stage (P=0.022, HR=3.068, 95% CI: 1.172-8.027), AJCC stage (P=0.016, HR= 3.971, 95% CI: 1.295-12.173), nerve invasion (P=0.002, HR=6.738, 95% CI: 1.995-22.757) and vascular invasion (P<0.001, HR= 16.36, 95% CI: 3.85-69.512) were risk factors for positive CEA mRNA expression in peritoneal lavage fluid of patients with gastric cancer. Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that vascular invasion (P<0.001, HR=21.314, 95% CI: 4.21-107.907) was an independent risk factor for positive CEA expression in peritoneal lavage fluid of gastric cancer patients. Conclusion: Gastric cancer patients with positive CEA mRNA in peritoneal lavage fluid have higher risk of peritoneal recurrence or metastasis and poorer prognosis. So, more aggressive anti-tumor treatments including local abdominal cavity treatment should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the structural design insight into a material, a poly (AA-co-SSS-co-PPGAZMA) copolymer was successfully synthesized by solution polymerization, and its structure were characterized by FTIR. The resultant poly (AA-co-SSS-co-PPGAZMA) copolymer was applied for the scale inhibition of industrial circulating cooling water. The effects of the molecular weight of poly(propylene glycol) (PPG), monomer ratio, dosage of scale inhibitor and pH value on the inhibition efficiency of CaCO3 scale were studied intensively. Furthermore, the effect of scale inhibitor on the crystalline structure of CaCO3 was investigated by XRD and FTIR. The results indicated that the poly (AA-co-SSS-co-PPGAZMA) copolymer exhibited a good inhibition effect on CaCO3 scale, and it achieved a inhibition rate of 95. 12 % for the CaCO3 scale at the PPG molecular weight of 800, the PPGAZMA/AA/SSS mass ratio of 1/2/1 and the scale inhibitor dosage of 3. 5 mg/L. Moreover, The XRD and FTIR analyses indicated that the scale inhibitor could inhibit the growth of CaCO3 crystals and reduce the crystallinity of CaCO3 scale, and therefore reached the purpose of scale inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer results in decreases of soil pH, but its effects on CO2 emission from soils with different inorganic carbon contents remain unclear. An closed-jar incubation experiment was conducted to examine the effects of N fertilizer and nitrification inhibitor (DCD) on soil pH and CO2 emissions from three soil types with different contents of soil inorganic carbon (SIC), including paddy soil (PS), lime concretion black soil (CS), and eum-orthic anthrosols (AS). There were three treatments for each soil type, including control (N0), 0.2 g•kg-1 N fertilizer (N0.2), and its combination with DCD (N0.2+DCD). Soil pH, contents of mineral N (NH4+, NO3-), and CO2 emissions were measured. The results showed that N fertilizer addition significantly reduced soil pH and increased soil CO2 cumulative emissions in each type of soil. Compared to control, the CO2 cumulative emissions after 49 days incubation from the three soil types were enhanced by 39.4%, 23.4%, and 71.8% for PS, CS, AS soils, respectively. The soil pH of N0.2+DCD for three soil types were significantly higher than N0.2 after 49 days incubation, indicating that DCD application inhibited soil nitrification process. There were no significant differences in the mean CO2 cumulative emissions of PS and CS soils between N0.2 and N0.2+DCD treatments; however, N0.2+DCD treatment significantly reduced cumulative CO2 emissions from AS soil by 12.5%. Soil inorganic carbon can effectively buffer soil acidification caused by N fertilizer addition. The CO2 emission in calcareous soil following N addition is not only derived from the mineralization of soil organic carbon, but also from the dissolution of inorganic carbon. Given the large differences in soil inorganic carbon content in different regions of China, the problem of soil acidification and soil inorganic carbon pool consumption caused by long-term large amount of N fertilizer inputs deserve more attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the effect of cueing strategies on balance function and gait in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods A total of 40 PD patients were randomly divided into control group (N = 20) and observation group (N = 20). The patients in control group received routine drug treatment and rehabilitation therapy according to the disease. The patients in observation group received rhythmic recurring cues and one - off cues on the basis of routine treatment. All patients were given rehabilitation therapy for 4 weeks (30 minutes, 5 times a week). Berg Balance Scale (BBS), 10 - Meter Walk Test (10MWT), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) and Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ) were used to evaluate balance function and gait of patients before and after 4 - week training. 10MWT was used to calculate step length and velocity. Results After 4 - week training, BBS score (P = 0.000), step length (P = 0.000) and velocity (P = 0.000) of 10MWT were significantly increased, while TUGT time (P = 0.000) and FOGQ score (P = 0.000) were significantly reduced in both groups. Compared with control group, step length (P = 0.048) and velocity (P = 0.025) of 10MWT were significantly increased, while TUGT time (P = 0.023) and FOGQ score (P = 0.034) had a significant decrease in observation group. Conclusions Both routine rehabilitation therapy and cueing strategies can improve the balance function and gait of PD patients, but cueing strategies had better effect on gait than routine rehabilitation therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the effect of water- based exercise on motor function, balance function and walking ability in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods Forty patients with primary PD were randomly divided into conventional land-based rehabilitation therapy group (land-based group, N = 20) and water-based exercise group (water-based group, N = 20). Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRS III) was used to evaluate the patients' motor function. Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) were used to evaluate balance function. The 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT) were used to evaluate walking ability. All the tests were carried out before and after 8-week training in 2 groups. Results Patients in both groups had a significant decrease on UPDRS III score (P = 0.000), TUGT (P = 0.000) after training, while they had a significant increase on BBS score (P = 0.000), 6MWT (P = 0.000) and 10MWT (P = 0.000). The water-based group had significantly lower UPDRS III score (P = 0.037), shorter TUGT (P = 0.013) and higher BBS score (P = 0.018) than those in land-based group after training. Conclusions Both conventional land-based training and water-based training had positive effect on motor function, balance function and walking ability in PD patients. The water-based training had more positive effect than land-based therapy on motor function and balance function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]