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【Objective】 Groundwater is the most important water resource for many regions in Xinjiang province, and understanding its dynamics is hence a prerequisite to improve water management. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of groundwater table as well as its determinants in Shihezi-Changji, Xinjiang province. 【Method】 The analysis was based on date measured monthly from 2016 to 2020 from 44 boreholes in the region. These helped us to understand the driving forces of the groundwater changes, as well as local and regional groundwater flow. The relationship between groundwater change and its potential determinants were analyzed using the linear trend and gray relation methods. 【Result】 Hydraulically, the dynamics of shallow groundwater in the region is irrigation infiltration - exploitation and hydrological recharge - exploitation, whereas the dynamics of the confined groundwater was exploitation lacking noticeable recharge. The groundwater table in Shihezi City and Manas County has been rising rapidly, with the groundwater depth in the former and latter being 2~3 m and 3~4 m respectively. In contrast, the groundwater table in Hutubi County has dropped to more than 5 m deep. The groundwater level in Changji city does not show noticeable change with its depth being 2~3 m. The groundwater rise in south of Shihezi city and Manas County was due to rebound, as opposed to that in the north where there was a groundwater depression cone. The continuous dropping in groundwater table in Hutubi County was due to both. The change in groundwater table in Changji City was mainly due to river recharge. 【Conclusion】 The change in shallow groundwater was induced by alteration of agricultural lands, groundwater extraction and surface water recharge, whereas that of confined groundwater was mainly caused by groundwater extraction.