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High-performance polymers have become a strategic material to ensure national security and national economic development owing to their excellent comprehensive properties. They have been widely applied in important fields such as aerospace, electronics, and medical devices. This study reviews the key varieties of high-performance polymers in four categories: highperformance resins and engineering plastics, organic fibers, bio-based resins and degradable materials, and special rubber and elastomers. The current status and characteristics of key high-performance polymers in China and abroad are analyzed. The study revealed that an industrialization system, including chemical raw material synthesis, modification, and product application, has been established in China. Besides, the current development challenges like the insufficient supply of key raw materials and limited development and application of products are discussed. Accordingly, relevant suggestion for technological innovation, key raw material security, and industrial innovation consortia construction are proposed, paving the way for the development of highperformance polymers in China.

Objective To analyze the albuminocytologic dissociation in cerebrospinal fluid （CSF） and differences in CSF protein levels in Guillain-Barré syndrome （GBS）patients with various types of antecedent infections and investigate the correlation between antecedent infections and increased CSF protein levels in GBS patients. Methods Clinical data and CSF analysis results of 198 GBS patients were collected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was employed to detect 14 types of infectious pathogens in the serum of GBS patients. The proportion of albuminocytologic dissociation and the differences in CSF protein levels were analyzed in GBS patients with different antecedent infections. Results In total，55.1% （109/198） of GBS patients had serological positivity for infectious pathogens，23.7% （47/198） for Campylobacter jejuni，20.7% （41/198） for Influenza A virus，15.2% （30/198） for Influenza B virus. Among them，18.7% （37/198） of GBS patients had serological positivity for two or more pathogens. In total，73.7% （146/198） of GBS patients had albuminocytologic dissociation in CSF. Among single pathogen-positive patients，83.3% （25/30） of Campylobacter jejuni positive patients showed albuminocytologic dissociation in CSF，100% （18/18） of Influenza A virus patients，6/7 of influenza B virus patients，4/5 of Hepatitis A virus patients，4/5 of Dengue virus patients，4/4 of Mycoplasma pneumoniae patients，1/1 of Epstein-Barr virus patients，1/1 of herpes simplex virus patients，and 1/1 of Varicella-zoster virus patients had albuminocytologic dissociation in CSF. Among patients infected with two or more pathogens，62.2% （23/37） showed albuminocytologic dissociation in CSF，while 66.3% （59/89） of GSB patients without antecedent infection had albuminocytologic dissociation in CSF. The positive rates of albuminocytologic dissociation in CSF exhibited significant differences among patients without and with various types of antecedent infections （P = 0.007），whereas no significant difference was noted in CSF protein levels （P > 0.05）. Conclusion The albuminocytologic dissociation in CSF of GBS patients is correlated with the type of antecedent infection. The highest proportion of albuminocytologic dissociation in CSF is observed in patients with Influenza A virus infections.

Objective To investigate the incidence of pain in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome （GBS） during acute phase and analyze its relationship with clinical features, clinical variants and anti-ganglioside antibodies in patients from Southwestern Shandong Province, aiming to explore the clinical significance of acute pain in GBS. Methods 226 patients with GBS were enrolled in this prospective observational clinical study. Clinical data were collected, and all patients were followed up for one year. The differences in clinical features, clinical variants and anti-ganglioside antibodies between patients with and without pain during acute phase were analyzed. Results Among 226 GBS patients, 121 were male and 105 were female. 45 patients （19.9%） had pain during acute phase, 46.5% （n = 105） developed antecedent infection, 82.7% （n = 187） experienced limb weakness and 51.8% （n = 117） had sensory deficits. 73.2% （145/198） presented with albuminocytological dissociation in the cerebrospinal fluid. 46.8% （96/205） were positive for anti-ganglioside antibody IgG. 44.7% （n = 101） were diagnosed with classic motor-sensory GBS and 39.4% （89/226） with pure motor GBS. The proportion of upper respiratory tract infection in GBS patients with pain was significantly lower than that in those without pain （P = 0.029）. There was no significant difference in clinical features, clinical variants and positive rate of anti-ganglioside antibodies between patients with and without pain during acute phase （all P > 0.05）. Conclusions Except for the upper respiratory tract infection, no significant difference is observed in clinical features and prognosis between GBS patients with and without pain during acute phase. The types and classifications of GBS deserve further validation.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of three methods for forensic diatom test, namely strong acid digestion-centrifuge enrichment-light microscopy (SD-CE-LM), microwave digestion-membrane filtration-automated scanning electron microscopy (MD-ME-SEM), and microwave digestion-membrane filtration-light microscopy (MD-MF-LM)., Methods: Sixty samples were randomly divided into 3 groups for diatom test using three methods, and the sample preparation time, degree of digestion and recovery rate of diatoms were compared., Results: The sample preparation time was the shortest with MD-MF-LM and the longest with SD-CE-LM (P<0.05). MD-ME-SEM and MD-MF-LM allowed more thorough tissue digestion than SD-CE-LM. MD-ME-SEM resulted in the highest total recovery rate of diatom, followed by MD-MF-LM and then by SD-CE-LM (P<0.05); the recover rate of different diatom species was the highest with MD-ME-SEM, followed by MD-MF-LM and SD-CE-LM (P<0.05)., Conclusion: SD-CE-LM has a low recovery rate of diatoms especially for those with lengths shorter than 40 µm or densities less than 1/5. With a high recovery rate and accuracy in diatom test, MD-ME-SEM is suitable for diagnosis of suspected drowning cases. MD-MF-LM is highly efficient, sensitive and convenient for forensic diatom test.

Objective: To determine the role of miR-155 in the pathogenesis of generalized myasthenia gravis (GMG) and the effect of dexamethasone (DXM) on miR-155., Methods: The expression of miR-155 in B cells from the GMG patients and healthy controls was analyzed by qPCR. The B cells were cultured with DXM and PBS. The B cell proliferation was examined by MTT; CD80 and CD86 frequencies were detected by flow cytometry; and anti-AChRIgG and isotypes anti-AChR-IgG1, 2, 3 in the supernatant were detected by ELISA., Results: qPCR revealed that the expression of miR-155 in the B cells was much higher than that in the controls, and the miR155 expression decreased after DXM treatment. flow cytometry showed that there was no significant difference in the proliferation and the expressions of CD80 and CD86 in the B cells between the DXM group and the PBS group. The concentration of anti-AChR-IgG1 was obviously lower in the DXM group than in the PBS group, but the concentration of anti-AChRIgG, anti-AChR-IgG2, and anti-AchR-IgG3 was similar., Conclusion: high expression of miR-155 may be associated with myasthenia gravis progression. DXM may disturb the antibody class switch of B cells by suppressing the expression of miR-155 and improve the symptom of MG patients.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the gene polymorphism of TLR3c.1377,TLR9-1486,and TLR9 2848 and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis(MS)in Han people of south China., Methods: A total of 123 unrelated MS patients from South China with a clinical or laboratory definition MS according to 2005 Revisions to the McDonald Criteria were studied. Another 126 controls were randomly selected from hospital staff of non-autoimmune diseases and healthy individuals. Toll like receptor (TLR) 3 and TLR 9 genotypes were determined by PCR and digested by specific restriction enzymes., Results: There was significant difference in genotype and allele distribution of TLR3c.1377 polymorphism between the MS patients and the controls (P<0.05), and the MS patients with T allele had a lower risk (OR=0.532, P=0.014). There was no significant difference in genotypes and allele distribution of TLR9-1486 polymorphism between the MS patients and the controls. There was higher TLR9 2848 A allele frequency in the MS patients than in the controls (39.8% vs. 30.6%;P=0.037), and higher risk in MS patients with A allele than those without (OR=1.837, P=0.020). There was no significant interaction among the TLR3c.1377, TLR9-1486 and TLR9 2848 allele. Strong linkage disequilibrium was found between TLR9-1486 and TLR9 2848, but there was no significant interaction between the polymorphism of TLR9-1486 and TLR9 2848 in the MS patients., Conclusion: TLR3c.1377 and TLR9 2848 polymorphisms may be related to MS in Han people in south China. TLR3c.1377 and TLR9 2848 may be linked with susceptibility genes.

Objective: To explore the pathological mechanism of brain function and structure in young patients with major depressive disorder by diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)., Methods: Sixteen participants diagnosed with major depression (MD) and 16 healthy age and gender-matched controls(HC) were recruited. Resting state fMRI and DTI brain scans were performed on all participants. A voxel-based method (VBM) was used to analyze the DTI datasets, and regional homogeneity (ReHo) approach was applied to preprocess the fMRI datasets. The value of fractional anisotropy (FA) and ReHo maps were obtained in the whole brain., Results: FA values in the MD group were significantly lower than those of the healthy controls in the white matter of the left middle temporal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, left medial frontal gyrus, right precentral gyrus, left angular gyrus, left fusiform gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, right sub-gyral, left insula, and left pyramis (P<0.01). ReHo in the MD group decreased in the left superior frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, left medial frontal gyrus, right medial frontal gyrus, left paracentral lobule, right paracentral lobule, right inferior parietal lobule, left postcentral gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus, left lingual gyrus, right putamen, right cingulate gyrus, right cuneus, left superior temporal gyrus, and right middle temporal gyrus (P<0.01)., Conclusion: Abnormality of brain white microstructure and function exist widely in young patients with major depressive disorder. Abnormal connection of structures and function between the brain areas may be the key reason for the depression.

Tongue diagnosis is one of the essential methods of traditional Chinese medical diagnosis. The accuracy of tongue diagnosis can be improved by tongue characterization. Tongue area segmentation and homogeneous regions segmentation in tongue are important contents of preprocess of tongue image. An algorithm based on edge detection and Gradient vector flow (GVF) active contour for tongue area segmentation and another algorithm based on unsupervised segmentation of color-texture for homogeneous regions segmentation in tongue were presented. Totally about 1500 tongue images were collected. Results of tongue area segmentation achieved accuracy rate of 94.3% and results of homogeneous regions segmentation in tongue were approved by traditional Chinese medical experts. The experiments results show robustness of the algorithms. This work establishes solid foundation for feature selecting of Tongue diagnosis.