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A design scheme of boiler temperature control system based on DSP and current loop was proposed, and designs of generator and receiver of the current loop, DSP processing module and control algorithm were introduced in details. The boiler temperature control was realized by using TMS320F2812 DSP as a controller, 4~20 mA current loop as transmission mode, and PID as control algorithm. The system has high flexibility and reliability.

In order to solve the actual problem of weaker wheat seedlings before overwintering due to the delayed sowing date in the winter wheat area of northern China, a late sowing experiment was carried out at the Beijing Experimental Base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 2019 to 2021. Three sowing dates were set: sowing at the appropriate time on October 5th (S0), appropriate late sowing on October 15 (S1), and too late sowing on October 25 (S2). To study the effects of film mulching and supplemental application of nitrogen fertilizer on the population quality, individual traits and stems and tillers growth of late-sown wheat before winter, the late sowing S1 and S2 were treated with film mulching and nitrogen fertilizer regulating measures. The results showed that late sowing was not conducive to the formation of wheat population and individual quality before winter, and the growth of stems and tillers. Late sowing and mulching to increase temperature can increase the total number of stems and tillers in the population before winter. Compared with the treatment without mulching, mulching can increase the growth rate and relative growth rate of wheat before winter under the conditions of appropriate late sowing and too late sowing. The total number of stems and tillers in the population increased by 42.9% and 148.4%, respectively. The leaf age of the plant before winter increased, and the number of individual tillers increased on average by 1.6 and 2.0, respectively. Film mulching to increase the temperature prolonged the vegetative growth process of the first tiller to the third tiller on main stem, promoted cell growth, increased the soluble sugar content in the stems and leaves, tillering node, roots, and the ratio of IAA/ZR in leaves, and increased the total number of stems and tillers in population before winter. Evaluation of the seedling situation of each treatment for late sowing showed that under the condition of suitable sowing time, it was beneficial to improve the comprehensive quality of two different tillering ability cultivars before winter. Among them, Zhongmai 8 had better seedling situation under the condition of late sowing + film mulching, while Hangmai 501 also had better seedling situation under the condition of proper late sowing, proper late sowing + supplementary nitrogen fertilizer, proper late sowing + film mulching, and too late sowing + film mulching. Meanwhile, there were differences in the responses of two different tillering ability wheat cultivars to the temperature increase under the condition of late sowing + film mulching. It was more beneficial for Zhongmai 8 to improve the overall population quality before winter under the conditions of suitable sowing or late sowing + film mulching, while under the conditions of the appropriate sowing, appropriate late sowing and too late sowing + film mulching, it was beneficial to improve the quality of late sowing seedlings for Hangmai 501. Supplementary application of nitrogen fertilizer had no significant regulatory effects on population quality, individual traits and stems, and tillers growth of late-sown wheat before winter. In summary, under the condition of late sowing, film mulching can effectively improve the overall quality of wheat populations and individuals before winter, and further promote the growth of stems and tillers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Field experiments were set up in four provinces including the winter wheat planting area of southern Huang-Huai in 2020 and 2021. Zhoumai 18, Zhoumai 36 and Aiminlanmai 1 were selected to reveal the effects of different meteorological factors on the yield and quality of three varieties. The results showed that the effects of different wheat variety characteristics and ecological environment on grain length, width, yield and quality reached a significant level in wheat. The effects of environmental conditions on grain length, plant height and yield were greater than those of variety genotypes, while the effects of variety genotypes on grain width, yield three elements, grain starch, protein and cellulose content were greater than those of environmental conditions. Analysis of meteorological factors from different experimental sites suggested that the performance of length and width of grain and weight 1000 grains were consistent. It showed that these two traits were positively regulated during heading to middle date of grain filling, and the negative regulation of temperature was found from jointing date to maturity date. Plant height was positively regulated by factors of moisture and temperature at jointing date. The yield and number of grains were positively regulated by moisture and temperature at heading date, and moisture at middle date of grain filling. The number of effective panicles was mainly positively regulated by the sunshine hours from jointing to heading date. Starch content of grain was positively regulated by temperature and moisture after jointing date, and negatively regulated by sunshine hours in the late flowering date. However, protein content of grain was negatively regulated by temperature and moisture after jointing date, and positively regulated by sunshine hours in the late flowering date. Cellulose was positively regulated by moisture from heading to mid date of grain filling. In conclusion, the characteristics of different wheat varieties and the ecological environment of the test site had significant effects on grain length, width, yield and quality in wheat. Great effects on wheat grain phenotype, yield and quality traits were observed in the analysis of average temperature, total water supply and total sunshine hours after jointing date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective *To analyze the whole-brain inputs to the projection neurons in the lateral dorsal nucleus (LD) of thalamus innervating primary visual cortex (V1) in mice. Methods * The adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors expressing the fusion protein of wheat germ agglutinin and Cre recombinase (Cre) were injected into V1 of C57BL/6J male mice, and the AAV vectors with Cre-inducible expression of avian sarcoma/leukosis virus envelope glycoprotein receptor TVA and rabies glycoprotein were injected into LD, respectively. Twenty-eight days later, the pseudotyped rabies virus (RV) was injected into V1. After the full expression of RV-mediated green fluorescent protein in the infected input neurons of LD, i.e., 7 d later, brain samples were collected and frozen sections were made. The whole-brain distribution of RV-labeled neurons were observed under fluorescence microscope, and quantitative analysis was performed by using high-throughput anatomical data analysis software. Results * Through fluorescence microscope and quantitative analysis, the whole-brain map showed that the inputs of LD neurons innervating V1 mainly came from cortex, middle brain and inter brain, accounting for (58.1±4.8)%, (23.2±0.9)% and (15.3±4.0)% of the total number of GFP-labeled neurons in the whole brain, respectively. In the cortex, the areas with the most input neurons were somatomotor area, visual area and somatosensory area. A large number of input neurons were also distributed in prefrontal cortex and medial commissural cortex. In the sensory cortex, the cell bodies of the inputs were mainly distributed in the fifth and sixth layers. Conclusion* The direct inputs of LD neuron subgroups innervating V1 in mice are widely distributed throughout the brain, most of which are located in the cortex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the background of Cd (50 pmof ⋅L-1) stress, we added ethylene precursor ACC (100 pmof ⋅ L-1), ACC + nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NNA (200 µmof ⋅ L-1), ACC + nitrate reductase (NR) inhibitor Tu (1 mmof ⋅L-1), ACC + nitric oxide (NO) scavenger PTIO (200 µmof ⋅ L-1), NO donor SNP (500 pmof ⋅ L-1), SNP + ethylene signal inhibitor STS (100 pmof ⋅L-1) to examine their effects on the damage degree of leaves and response mechanisms of AsA-GSH cycle in lotus 'Weishanhuhonglian'. Results showed toxic symptom of lotus leaves under Cd stress. The relative conductivity, malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) contents were significantly increased, but the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) were obviously decreased. Compared with Cd stress, adding ACC significantly increased the damage area of lotus leaves, decreased activities of the above-mentioned four antioxidant enzymes and increased AsA and GSH contents. SNP aggravated the toxic symptom of lotus leaves and decreased GR and MDHAR activities. PTIO significantly relieved the toxic symptom of leaves, increased activities of APX, GR, MDHAR and DHAR, but decreased AsA and GSH contents compared with Cd and ACC treatment. However, the effects of L-NNA and Tu were not as obvious as PTIO's. In comparison with Cd and SNP treatment, STS relieved the toxic symptom of leaves, increased APX, GR, MDHAR and DHAR activities, and decreased AsA and GSH contents. Taken together, these results showed the synergistic effects of ethylene and NO in regulating lotus responses to Cd stress through AsA-GSH cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the aim to optimize the structural characteristics of wheat canopy by improving topsoil structure, we examined the effects of three different tillage treatments, deep tillage (DT), shallow tillage (ST), no-tillage (NT) alone, and with application of organic fertilizer, DTF, STF and NTF, on the soil structure and wheat canopy characteristics for five years. Under the same tillage treatment, application of organic fertilizer decreased soil bulk density, the content of soil aggregates with diameter > 5 mm, the mean mass diameter (MWD), and geometric mean diameter (GMD) values of the soil aggregates with diameter >0.25 mm. Soil porosity and the content of soil aggregates with diameters of 2-5 mm and 0.25-2 mm at 20-40 cm soil layer were increased. Compared with other treatments, NTF was better in improving soil bulk density and increased soil porosity at 0-20 cm soil layer. DTF decreased the soil bulk density and the stability of mechanical aggregate with diameter > 0.25 mm at 40-60 cm soil layer, and increased soil permeability. Application of organic fertilizer decreased leaf angle index and increased leaf area index (LAI) and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of the flag leaf at post anthesis stage. The lowest angle index and the highest Pn were detected in STF and DTF treatment, respectively. Results from path analysis showed that the direct path coefficients were significant from the independent variables (soil bulk density, soil porosity, R0.25 and MWD) to the dependent variables (angle index, LAI and Pn). At 0-20 cm soil layer, the increased MWD value was beneficial to the improvement of Pn and LAI. At 20-40 cm soil layer, the increased soil bulk density would optimize the leaf angle and further improve canopy light penetration. At 40-60 cm soil layer, high soil bulk density and low porosity negatively affected the value of LAI and Pn. We concluded that deep tillage or shallow tillage with application of organic fertilizer would be beneficial for improving soil structure, increasing soil permeability, optimizing wheat canopy structure, increasing canopy light harvesting rate, leaf area index and photosynthetic rate, with positive consequences on wheat yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to satisfy the requests of the high frame rate and high resolution of fast moving scene in national defense, research and industry, a camera with high-speed and high resolution was de veloped. The functions and characteristics of CMOS image sensor AM41V4 which can cover the requests were introduced, a camera system based on the image sensor was designed. The FPGA was used as the core to control the system timing and DDR solid storage was embedded as the imaging memory in the camera system. Consequently, a flexible working pattern according to specific requirements of the test shoot occasions was realized. The frame rate of the system is 1 000 frames per second, when the resolution of the image is 1 920 pixel x 1 080 pixel. Besides, the camera system reaches a real-time monitoring function. The system has the advantages of high shooting speed, clear image, high performance and flexibility. It has great value for fast capture and shooting record of high-speed moving targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A virtual enterprise (VE) is a distributed networked dynamic organization which responds to the changing marketplace environment in a flexible and fast way. In the forming process of the virtual enterprises, how to choose a trustworthy partner is the key factor. Aim at the problem of partner selection in virtual enterprises, this paper presents the trust field concept with the combination of field theory and trust, and establishes a theoretical model of the trust field. The paper elaborates on the method which is based on the trust field model of partner selection in virtual enterprises. Finally both availability and rationality are illustrated by applying an example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the effectiveness of texture mapping, this paper proposed a constraint texture mapping method based on the evaluation value to determine which object function to select. This algorithm computes evaluation value of internal vertices of every triangular block after the feature points triangulation in the parameter plane. The objective functions are not suited for any triangles. For these trangles,a triangulation iteratively was conducted. Experiments show that this algorithm is dropped an average more than 75% of the time than the classical algorithm. The model of this algorithm is loaded into the real-time rendering system with high frame frequency. Experiments show that the algorithm has good robustness, and repeated experiments show that the proposed algorithm can maintain good texture validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the feasibility of applying DC four-electrode method based on embedded gauze or loop electrode in electrical resistance measurement of conductive composites, DC four-electrode method and DC two-electrode method for electrical resistance measurement of composites with different matrices and conductive fillers were compared, and the calculation method of contact resistance between electrode and conductive composites was proposed and verified. Research results show that DC four-electrode method can eliminate contact resistance between electrode and conductive composites, which exists in DC two-electrode method. The contact resistance is non-ohmic and can be calculated, and its value depends on the property of measured conductive composites. DC four-electrode method based on embedded gauze or loop electrode is suitable for electrical resistance measurement of conductive composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Puerarin has the anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) activity,which can reverse nerve injury induced by Aβand inhibit neuronal apoptosis.However,its potential pharmacodynamic mechanism still needs to be further researched.The occurrence and development of AD is due to the change of multiple metabolic links in the body,which leads to the destruction of balance.Puerarin may act on multiple targets and multiple metabolic processes to achieve therapeutic purposes.Quantitative proteomic analysis provides a new choice to understand the mechanism as completely as possible.This research adopted SH-SY5Y cells induced by Aβ_(1-42)to establish AD cell model,and Aβimmunofluorescence detection showed that Aβdecreased significantly after puerarin intervention.The mechanism of puerarin reversing SH-SY5Y cell injured by Aβ_(1-42)was further explored by using label-free non-labeled quantitative technology and Western blot detection based on bioinformatics analysis result.The results showed that most of the differential proteins were related to biological processes such as cellular component organization or biogenesis,cellular component organization and cellular component biogenesis,and they mainly participated in the top ten pathways of P value such as pathogenic Escherichia coli infection,m TOR signaling pathway,regulation of autophagy,regulation of actin cytoskeleton,spliceosome,hepatocellular carcinoma,tight junction,non-small cell lung cancer,apoptosis and gap junction.Annexin V/PI flow cytometry and TUNEL were used to detect apoptosis,and the results showed that Aβdecreased significantly and the rate of apoptosis decreased significantly after puerarin intervention.Western blot analysis found that the protein expression level of autophagy related protein LC3Ⅱwas up-regulated after Aβinduction,and the degree of this up-regulation was further enhanced in puerarin intervention group.The trend of the ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰamong groups was the same as the protein expression level of LC3Ⅱ，the protein expression level of p62 in the control group,AD model group and puerarin intervention group decreased successively.Protein interaction network analysis showed that CAP1 was correlated with TUBA1B,HSP90AB2P,DNM1L,TUBA1A and ERK1/2,and the correlation between CAP1 and ERK1/2 was the highest among them.Western blot showed that the expressions of p-ERK1/2,Bax and CAP1 were significantly down-regulated and the protein expression level of Bcl-2 was significantly up-regulated after puerarin intervention.Therefore,puerarin might improve the SH-SY5Y cells injured by Aβ_(1-42)through the interaction of multiple biological processes and pathways in cells multiple locations,and CAP1 might play an important role among them.

In this study, we examined the vegetation and soil carbon density characteristics and carbon distribution differences of four typical grasslands in two climatic zones, including warm-tempe-rate tussock (WT), warm-temperate shrub tussock (WS), tropical tussock (TT), and tropical shrub tussock (TS) in Henan Province. The results showed that the average aboveground biomass of grasslands was significantly higher in Northwest Henan (327.4 g·m -2 ) than that in South Henan (221.4 g·m -2 ), whereas the average root biomass in Northwest Henan (1.58X10 3 g·m -2 ) was significantly lower than that in South Henan (1.94X10 3 g·m -2 ). The average aboveground carbon density of grasslands in Northwest and South Henan was 113.75 and 77.35 g C·m -2 , respectively. The aboveground carbon density of WT in Northwest Henan was higher than that of WS, though not statistically significant. The living biomass carbon density of TT was significantly lower than that of other grasslands in Southwest Henan. The average underground carbon density of grasslands in Northwest and South Henan were 6.35X10 3 and 5.14X10 3 g C·m -2 , respectively. In Northwest Henan, there was no difference between WT and WS for both the root and soil carbon density. In South Henan, the root carbon density of TS was significantly lower than other grasslands, while the soil carbon density of TT was significantly higher than other grasslands. The average carbon density of grassland ecosystem in Northwest and South Henan was 6.46X10 3 and 5.22X10 3 g C·m -2 , respectively. Soil was the main contributor of ecosystem carbon storage and accounted for about 78%-90% of total grassland ecosystem carbon density. In addition, there were no significant differences in the ecosystem carbon density between WT and WS in Northwest Henan, while TT possessed significantly higher ecosystem carbon density (9.70X10 3 g C·m -2 ) compared with other grasslands in Southern Henan. Our results provide basic data for accurately calculating ecosystem carbon storage and assessing carbon sequestration potential of different grasslands in Henan Province.

With the aim to optimize the structural characteristics of wheat canopy by improving topsoil structure, we examined the effects of three different tillage treatments, deep tillage (DT), shallow tillage (ST), no-tillage (NT) alone, and with application of organic fertilizer, DTF, STF and NTF, on the soil structure and wheat canopy characteristics for five years. Under the same tillage treatment, application of organic fertilizer decreased soil bulk density, the content of soil aggregates with diameter > 5 mm, the mean mass diameter (MWD), and geometric mean diameter (GMD) values of the soil aggregates with diameter >0.25 mm. Soil porosity and the content of soil aggregates with diameters of 2-5 mm and 0.25-2 mm at 20-40 cm soil layer were increased. Compared with other treatments, NTF was better in improving soil bulk density and increased soil porosity at 0-20 cm soil layer. DTF decreased the soil bulk density and the stability of mechanical aggregate with diameter > 0.25 mm at 40-60 cm soil layer, and increased soil permeability. Application of organic fertilizer decreased leaf angle index and increased leaf area index (LAI) and the net photosynthetic rate (P n ) of the flag leaf at post-anthesis stage. The lowest angle index and the highest P n were detected in STF and DTF treatment, respectively. Results from path analysis showed that the direct path coefficients were significant from the independent variables (soil bulk density, soil porosity, R 0.25 and MWD) to the dependent variables (angle index, LAI and P n ). At 0-20 cm soil layer, the increased MWD value was beneficial to the improvement of P n and LAI. At 20-40 cm soil layer, the increased soil bulk density would optimize the leaf angle and further improve canopy light penetration. At 40-60 cm soil layer, high soil bulk density and low porosity negatively affected the value of LAI and P n . We concluded that deep tillage or shallow tillage with application of organic fertilizer would be beneficial for improving soil structure, increasing soil permeability, optimizing wheat canopy structure, increasing canopy light harvesting rate, leaf area index and photosynthetic rate, with positive consequences on wheat yield.

Objective To observe the effect of Ruji Recipe (RR) (treated by syndrome typing) in preventing the relapse and metastasis of invasive ductal breast cancer patients with negative hormone receptor (HR) after surgery and chemotherapy. Methods Using a prospective, cohort method, 136 pa- tients with stage I - III C HR negative invasive ductal breast cancer were equally assigned to the treat- ment group (treated by RR in syndrome typing way) and the control group (routine follow-ups). Disease free survival (DFS) , overall survival (OS) , relapse and metastasis were observed in the two groups. Re- sults All patients were followed-up for 15 to 57 months, with the median follow-up of 44 months. The median DFS and OS had not reached. The 1. 0, 1. 5, 2. -0, and 3. 0 years DFS were 94.1 % (64/68) , 86. 4 % (51/59), 81. 8% (45/55), and 72. 0% (36/50) in the treatment group. They were 77. 9% (53/68), 67.2% (45)67), 60. 6% (40)66), and 54. 5% (36/66) in the control group. Significant difference existed in 1. 0, 1. 5, and 2. 0 years DFS between the two groups (X² = 7.403, 6.426, 6.459; P =0. 012, 0.013, 0. 016). No statistical difference existed in 1. 0, 1. 5, 2. 0, and 3. 0 years OS between the two groups (P >0. 05). Among triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, 1. 0, 1. 5, 2. 0, and 3. 0 years DFS were 97. 0% (32/33), 92. 9% (26/28), 92.6% (2527), and 84. 6% (22/26) in the treatment group, 81. 5% (2227), 66. 7% (1827), 61. 5% (16/26), and 57. 7% (15/26) in the control group. Of them, significant difference existed in 1. 5, 2. 0, and 3. 0 years DFS between the two groups (X² =5. 893, 7. 293, 4. 591 ; P = 0. 015, 0. 007, 0. 032). At the end of follow-ups, relapse and metastasis occurred in 15 patients, local recur- rence in 2 patients, single organ metastasis in 6 patients, and multiple organs metastasis in 7 patients of the treatment group. The relapse and metastasis occurred in 30 patients , local recurrence in 2 patients , single organ metastasis in 12 patients, and multiple organs metastasis in 16 patients of the treatment group. Conclusions RR ( by syndrome typing) could improve DFS and delay progression of invasive ductal breast cancer patients with negative HR in the first 2 years after surgery. It also had certain value for relapse and metastasis of TNBC patients within 2 years.

Along with the spread of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection in the world and the emergence of drug-resistant viral strains, it is urgent to seek the novel potent therapies. Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is one of the main coreceptors involved in the entry of HIV-1 into target cells. Nowadays, a number of CCR5 antagonists have been developed and some of them have progressed to clinical trials or been approved. Research progress has also been made in the CCR5-targeted gene therapy. This review summarizes the recent research progress on the CCR5-targeted drug and gene therapy.

Objective: To observe the effect of Ruji Recipe (RR) in preventing disease recurrence/metastasis and improving quality of life (QOL) for female breast cancer patients after operation., Methods: Totally 102 female patients with stage I - III breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed. They were assigned to the treatment group (54 cases) and the control group (48 cases) according to whether they would rather accept RR therapy. Estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) positive patients also accepted endocrine therapy. The overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence and metastasis, and QOL were compared between the two groups., Results: Totally 100 patients completed the study. The median follow-up was 59 months. The median OS was 60 months in the treatment group and 52.5 months in the control group (chi2 = 3.274, P > 0.05). The median DFS was 55.0 months in the treatment group and 47.5 months in the control group (chi2 = 10.145, P < 0.01). The DFS rate was 75.9% (41/54) in the treatment group and 54.3% (25/46) in the control group (chi2 = -2.259, P < 0.05). There was statistical difference in the 2-, 3-, and 5-year DFS between the two groups (P < 0.01). There was statistical difference in the 2-year DFS 3-year DFS between stage II and III and stage III (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was statistical difference in the ER positive patients between 2-year DFS and 3-year DFS (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). There was statistical difference in the 3-and 5-year distant metastasis rate (DMR) in the treatment group, lower than that of the control group (3.7% vs 31.0%, 20.7% vs 60.7%; P < 0.01). By the end of follow-up, disease progression occurred in 13 cases of the treatment group, local recurrence in 3 cases, single organ metastasis in 7 cases, multi-metastasis in 3 cases, while the corresponding numbers were 21, 1, 11, and 9 in the control group (P < 0.05). As for 1 week before study and at 2-year follow-up using Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Breast Cancer (FACT-B) system, there was statistical difference in the QOL between the two groups (P < 0.05), and better effect was obtained in the treatment group., Conclusion: RR, as an assistant therapy, could improve the OS rate, the DFS rate, and the QOL for post-surgical female breast cancer patients in 2 -3 years.

Aim: To observe the effects of total flavonoids of tartary buckwheat on NO synthesis in EA.hy926 cells induced by palmitic acid., Methods: EA.hy926 cells were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into control group, palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance group, total flavonoids of tartary buckwheat group and metformin group. The content of NO in supernatant was detected by nitrate reductase. The eNOS mRNA and protein expression levels were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively., Results: Compared with control group, the NO content in supernatant and the expression levels of eNOS mRNA and protein were significantly lower in insulin resistance group (P<0.05). Compared with insulin resistance group, the NO content in supernatant, as well as the eNOS mRNA and protein expression markedly increased in both total flavonoids of tartary buckwheat group and metformin group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the latter two groups (P>0.05)., Conclusion: Total flavonoids of tartary buckwheat effectively promotes the expression of eNOS mRNA and protein in endothelial cells under palmitic acid stimulation, thereby contributing to the NO synthesis.

Objective: To explore the point specificity of eye-acupuncture and the mechanism of eye-acupuncture on diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS)., Methods: Forty male Wistar rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a eye-acupuncture point (AA) group and a non-point (NA) group. The D-IBS rat model was established with the combination methods of the chronic stress and binding limbs. The AA group was treated by acupuncture at "low energizer area", "large intestine area", "liver area" and "spleen area", and the NA group by acupuncture at 3 mm apart from the same points area mentioned above, and the normal group and the model group with no intervention. The rate of feces moisture content was detected. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA of aquaporin 8 (AQP 8) in colon. Protein expressions of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and AQP 8 in colon were detected by SABC immunohistochemistry method., Results: Compared with normal group, the rate of feces moisture content at the 18th and 25th days, VIP protein in colon mucosa, myenteric nerve plexus and hypo-mucosa nerve plexus increased significantly (all P < 0.01), and AQP 8 mRNA in colon mucosa decreased significantly in model, AA and NA group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); AQP 8 protein in colon mucosa decreased significantly in model group and NA group (both P < 0.01). Compared with model group, the rate of feces moisture content at the 25th day and VIP protein in colon mucosa decreased significantly (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and AQP 8 mRNA and protein increased significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in AA group. Compared with AA group, the rate of feces moisture content at the 25th day and VIP protein in colon mucosa increased significantly (both P < 0.01), and AQP 8 mRNA and protein decreased significantly (both P < 0.01) in NA group., Conclusion: Eye-acupuncture has a good therapeutic effect on D-IBS. It is suggested that one of the mechanism is relate to increase AQP 8 in colon tissue and restrain the expression of VIP. Non-point area of eye-acupuncture has no obviously therapeutic effect and so to illustrate the point specificity of eye-acupuncture.

Objective: To investigate the effects of open reduction by palm side for the distal radius fracture and T shape plate internal fixation with simultaneous anterior transverse carpal ligament resection for the prevention of delayed carpal tunnel syndrome after operation., Methods: From March 2000 to March 2007, 32 patients (8 males and 24 females, ranging in age from 46 to 66 years) with distal radius fracture were treated with open reduction by palm side and T shape plate internal fixation with simultaneous anterior transverse carpal ligament resection; while 30 patients (7 males and 23 females,ranging in age from 45 to 65 years) only with open reduction by palm side and T shape plate internal fixation. The incidences of delayed carpal tunnel syndrome between the two groups were compared., Results: Among 32 patients treated with open reduction by palm side and T shape plate internal fixation with anterior transverse carpal ligament resection, 3 patients had delayed carpal tunnel syndrome; while in 30 patients treated with open reduction by palm side and T shape plate internal fixation, 10 patients had delayed carpal tunnel syndrome. There was significant statistically difference (P < 0.05%)., Conclusion: Simultaneous anterior transverse carpal ligament resection can effectively prevent the delayed carpal tunnel syndrome occurrence for the distal radius fracture with open reduction by palm side.

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of the electrocardiogram (ECG) of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)., Methods: Patients included were those diagnosed with STEMI in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1996 to March 2009, and underwent coronary angiography (CAG). The infarction related artery (IRA) was LAD, and there were no significant stenosis in left circumflex artery and right coronary artery. A total of 170 cases were consecutively enrolled. They were divided into 2 groups according to occlusive sites of the LAD: LAD proximal (n = 77), LAD medius distal group (n = 93). Standard 18 leads ECG within 12 hours from the onset of STEMI were recorded and ST segment deviation was analyzed quantitatively., Results: Proximal LAD occlusion as IRA was diagnosed with aVL ≥ 0.1 mV, ST aVL > aVR, sum of II, III and aVF STsegment depression ≥ 0.1 mV, in which sensitivity was 39.0%, 37.7% and 50.6%, specificity was 78.5%, 77.4% and 74.2% respectively. Statisticully significance (P < 0.05). Medius-distal LAD occlusion as IRA was diagnosed with no II ST depression, aVF ST depression and sum of II, III and aVF ST segment depression > 0.1 mV, In which sensitivity were 86.0%, 81.7% and 74.2% and the were 31.2%, 48.1% and 50.6% respectively. Statisticully significance (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: In STEMI patients with isolated LAD occlusion, ECG can be useful to predict the occlusion site.

Objective: To investigate the effect of oculo-acupuncture therapy (OAT) on the alteration of colonic serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT) expression in rats with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) so as to explore its underlying mechanism in relieving IBS., Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomized into control, IBS model and OAT groups (n = 10/group). IBS model was established by repeated stress stimulation [water-intake inhibition (24 h), warm box keeping (40 degrees C,5 min), electric shock stimulation (30 V, 120 s), forced cool water swimming (14 t, 5 min), 24 h fasting, and tail clamping (180 s)] for 18 days. Oculo-acupuncture stimulation was given to "Xiajiao" (Lower Energizer), "Dachang" (Large Intestine), "Gan" (Liver) and "Pi" (Spleen) areas for 20 min by using filiform acupuncture needles (manipulated 1 min once every 10 min). The treatment was conducted once every 12 h for 7 days. Colonic SERT mRNA and protein expression levels were examined by RT-PCR and Western Blot., Results: In comparison with the control group, the expression levels of both colonic SERT mRNA and protein in the model group were down-regulated remarkably (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the expression levels of SERT gene and protein in the OAT group were increased remarkably (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: OAT can increase colonic SERT protein and gene expression in IBS rats, which may play a role in relieving IBS in OAT clinic.

The biodiversity of a mesophilic microbial community BYND-8 capable of degrading lignocellulose at 30 degrees C was detected using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and the isolation of pure cultures, and the effect of the liquid of rice straw degradation by BYND-8 on biogas production was measured. Six bacterial strains were isolated using peptone cellulose solution medium, and the highest similarities of their 16S rDNA gene sequences to Serratia sp. PSGB 13, S. marcescens strain UFLA-25LS, S. marcescens strain DAP33, Alcaligenes sp. YcX-20, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain C6, Bacillus cereus isolate BRL02-71 were 99%, 100%, 96%, 100%, 100% and 99%, respectively. In addition, one band was detected besides six bands of cultured isolates on the DGGE gel, and it showed 100% sequence similarity to uncultured bacterium clone ATB-KS-1446. The cumulative biogas and methane productions of biogas fermentation system added with the liquid of rice straw degraded by BYND-8 were 13 167 mL and 7 248 mL, 44.5% and 95.3% higher than those of the control, respectively, in the early 15 days of fermentation. The results showed that the biodiversity of microbial community BYND-8 was very high, and the time of producing biogas was put forward and biogas production was increased with application of microbial community for rice straw pretreatment during the biogas fermentation.

Objective: To analyze the correlation between SF-36 and QOL-35 and the consistency of the two kinds of life-quality questionnaires when evaluating the quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease., Methods: 781 in-hospital-patients, who underwent coronary angiography from June 2008 to April 2009, were included in this study. Quality of life was measured by the Chinese versions of SF-36 and QOL-35. Demographic and clinical information were collected. Correlation Analysis was done between SF-36 and QOL-35 in the patients with coronary artery disease., Results: The total score of SF-36 was 62.63 ± 12.47 and the QOL-35 total score was 62.70 ± 9.69. Data from the simple correlation analysis showed that SF-36 and QOL-35 total scores (r = 0.725, P < 0.01), SF-36 physical functioning and QOL-35 independent living capacity (r = 0.933, P < 0.01), SF-36 mental health and QOL-35 mental health(r = 0.132, P < 0.01), SF-36 social function and QOL-35 social function score (r = 0.215, P < 0.01) were all relevant. Canonical correlation analysis showed that there was significant correlation between SF-36 and QOL-35 (r = 0.946, P < 0.01)., Conclusion: SF-36 and QOL-35 were consistent in the evaluation on the quality of life, at the overall level.

Objective: To observe the effect of the eye-acupuncture therapy on serum and colonic substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) contents in rats with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) so as to explore its underlying mechanism., Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were equally randomized into control group, IBS model group, eye-acupuncture group and medication (Pinaverium bromide, 7.5 mg/kg, twice daily, intragastric administration) group. IBS model was established by giving the rat with chronic stress stimulation (cold-water swimming, tail clamping, electrical shock, etc.) for 18 days. Eye-acupuncture of Xiajiao (Low Energizer) Area, Pi (Spleen) Area, Gan (Liver) Area and Dachang (Large Intestine) Area was given to the rat 20 min, twice daily for 7 d. Histopathological changes of the colon tissue were displayed by HE staining; and serum and colonic SP and VIP contents were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)., Results: No significant difference was found among 4 groups in the histopathological changes of the colon. In comparison with normal control group, both serum and colonic SP and VIP contents in model group increased significantly (P < 0.01), while compared with model group, those in eye-acupuncture and medication groups lowered considerably (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Eye-acupuncture can reduce serum and coIonic SP and VIP contents in IBS rats, which may play a role in relieving IBS in eye-acupuncture clinic.

Objective: To compare changes of quality of life at 3 months from baseline among patients who underwent and did not undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)., Methods: Sixty one patients with coronary artery disease, who were hospitalized in Cardiology Department in March 2008, were followed-up for 3 months after being discharged. SF-36 and QOL-35 were administered before PCI and at 3 months. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether they underwent PCI. Changes of quality of life scores between PCI and non-PCI groups were compared using analysis of covariance., Results: There were 24 cases in non-PCI group and 37 in PCI group. Baseline characteristics were well balanced between PCI and non-PCI groups except gender (67.6% vs. 28.6% for male, P = 0.005), history of angina (56.8% vs. 23.8%, P = 0.015), smoking history (51.4% vs.23.8%, P = 0.037) and Judkins classification of coronary artery (P = 0.001). Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the change of life quality between non-PCI group and PCI group in 3-months after discharge had statistical differences in total scores (P = 0.044) and mental health scores (P = 0.003) of SF-36, total scores (P = 0.039) and social function scores (P = 0.007) of QOL-35., Conclusion: PCI can improve life quality in patients with coronary artery disease.

Objective: Using Kansas city cardiomyopathy questionnaire (KCCQ) to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of the patients with chronic heart failure., Methods: A total of 271 hospitalized patients with heart failure symptoms in cardiology department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, who undergone coronary angiography from December 2007 to December 2008, were included in this study. QOL of the subjects was measured, and their demographic and clinical data were collected. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to heart function and they were compared by QOL.Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the variables associated with the quality of life., Results: KCCQ physical limitation scores of the patients of left ventricular elective fraction (LVEF) < 50% (n = 50) and LVEF > or = 50% (n = 221) were (66 +/- 22) points and (73 +/- 22) points (P < 0.05). In the patients of NYHA I/II (n = 227) vs NYHA III/IV (n = 44), KCCQ scores of physical limitation, symptoms and QOL were (74 +/- 20) vs (60 +/- 27) points, (62 +/- 22) vs (49 +/- 25) points and (61 +/- 16) vs (53 +/- 18) points (all P < 0.05). In the patients of heart failure grade A/B (n = 197) vs grade C/D (n = 74), KCCQ scores of physical limitation, symptoms and QOL were (75 +/- 19) vs (61 +/- 26) points, (63 +/- 22) vs (52 +/- 24) points, (61 +/- 16) vs (56 +/- 18) points (all P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis of QOL KCCQ showed that, age, NYHA cardiac function classification, gender and Judkins score were the risk factors of patients' physical limitation (P < 0.01); gender and stages of heart failure were the risk factors of patients'symptoms (P < 0.01); gender was the risk factors of patients'social function (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: The patients with poor cardiac function have a poor QOL. KCCQ is more sensitive for the evaluation of heart function. Age, NYHA, gender, Judkins score and stages of heart failure can change QOL for the patients with chronic heart failure.

Objective: To evaluate quality of life (QOL) of patients with different severity of coronary artery disease using Seattle angina questionnaire (SAQ)., Methods: A total of 513 hospitalized patients undergoing coronary angiography from December 2007 to December 2008 were included. QOL of these patients was measured with SAQ and their demographic and clinical data were collected. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the severity of coronary artery disease by coronary angiography. And comparisons of traditional risk factors and QOL were made among these groups. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the variables associated with QOL., Results: The scores of physical limitation were significantly different among 3 groups according to the severity of coronary artery disease by coronary angiography (80 +/- 16, 79 +/- 19 and 71 +/- 22, P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that physical limitation of the patients was affected by age (P < 0.01), gender (P < 0.01) and severity of coronary artery disease (P < 0.01). Angina stability was affected by the history of myocardial infarction (P = 0.03). Angina frequency was affected by the history of myocardial infarction (P = 0.01) and gender (P = 0.04). Treatment satisfaction was affected by the severity of coronary artery disease (P = 0.03) and disease perception by the history of DM (P = 0.03)., Conclusion: Age, gender, history of myocardial infarction, history of DM and severity of coronary artery disease are independent predictors of QOL in patients with coronary artery disease.