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Based on the zig-zag theory and Hamiltonian principle, the electromechanical coupling dynamic finite element(FE) model of piezoelectric damping laminated structure is established, the natural frequency and loss factor of the structure is accurately calculated. The eight nodes quadratic element is adopt for FE modeling, each node with seven DOFs, which considers the complex elastic modulus of damping layer. The correctness of model is verified by the calculation and simulation of an example in the literature. The effects of reinforcement orientation angle, thickness of damping layer and structure curvature on the frequency and loss factor of piezoelectric damping laminated structure are investigated. This study can provide references for vibration control and optimization design of piezoelectric damping laminated structures.

Based on the influence of excavation and creep degradation on the stability of high slopes in open-pit, a stability model of slopes in life-cycle is proposed. By introducing the deterioration theory of rock strength, the calculation formula of safety factor under time effect is derived. Considering the prestress loss of anchor cable and the creep phenomenon of slope, the expression of safety factor of creep slope under prestress loss condition is established. Forthemore, the influence law of time factor of slope and prestress loss of anchor cable on slope is discussed. Taking Dagushan Xijing slope as an example, the decay theory is embedded into the strength reduction method with the help of the flash language built in the FLAC3D, and the improved strength reduction method is used to calculate the time-dependent safety factor of the slope. The results show that the "L" shaped deterioration of rock strength over time makes the factor of safety for creeping slopes lower than for excavation only, which is more consistent with the actual engineering. The reinforced slope still has the risk of instability due to the prestress loss of anchor cable. Four kinds of reinforcement control schemes of anchor cable are compared and selected, on the premise of meeting the safety production in the whole life cycle, the scheme with the best economic benefit is obtained.

Objective To investigate the neural network mechanism of fear induced by cortical functional electrical stimulation with stereotactic electrodes. Methods and Results A total of 20 patients with intractable epilepsy who were diagnosed and underwent stereotactic electrode implantation in Sanbo Brain Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected. Among them, 7 patients (35%) received 75 reconstructed electrode contacts [9.66% (75/776)] to induce fear emotional response. They were mainly distributed in temporal lobe [45.33% (34/75)], insula lobe [32% (24/75)] and cingulate gyrus [13.33% (10/75)]. According to the "seed and discovery" calculation method, the occurrence probability of evoked fear response electrode contacts in 9 general brain networks (auditory, left executive control, right executive control, sensorimotor, visuospatial, dorsal default mode, advanced vision, posterior salience and primary vision) was the highest in the dorsal default mode network, accounting for 84% (63/75). The whole brain functional connection values of the fear-inducing electrode contacts were retrieved from the neurosynth database, and the differences between the in-brain and out-brain functional connection values were calculated. It was found that the matching degree between the fear - inducing electrode contacts and the dorsal default mode network was the highest, followed by the posterior prominence network. Conclusions Based on stereo-electroencephalography (EEG), the fear response induced by cortical functional electrical stimulation was mainly related to the dorsal default mode network. The hippocampus, insula and cingulate gyrus are important network nodes of fear response. It is suggested that there is a shared neural circuit between the fear response induced by electrical stimulation and the fear experience acquired through conditioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the demand of municipal rapid maintenance project, a kind of Portland cement-based rapid hardening UHPC has been developed successfully. By adjusting the viscosity of the mixture, it has excellent workability and the steel fiber is evenly distributed without agglomeration. Under the premise of maintaining the workable time for more than 30minutes,the 2 h compressive strength is greater than 30MPa, the 2h flexural strength is greater than 10MPa, the 28d compressive strength is greater than 150 MPa, and the tensile strength is greater than 5MPa. Meanwhile the compressive strength ratio of R90/R28 is more than 105% which means it has long time continuous hydration characteristic. The research results can not only meet the needs of fast maintenance construction, but also overcome the repeated maintenance problems caused by the poor durability defects of traditional fast hardening materials, such as unstable quality, high brittleness and later strength shrinkage. The research products have been successfully applied to the Zhangyang road rapid maintenance project in Pudong Shanghai. Combined with the development of special vehicle integrated mixing equipment and the application of demonstration project, the labor intensity is lower, the preparation efficiency is greatly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the lack of deep-level information mining and utilization in the existing network representation learning methods, the potential pattern structure similarity was proposed by further exploring the potential information in the network. The similarity score between network structures was defined to measure the similarity between various structures so that nodes could cross irrelevant vertices to obtain high-order similarities on the global structure. In order to achieve the best effect, deep learning was used to fuse multiple information sources to participate in training together to make up for the deficiency of random walks. In the experiment, Lap, DeepWalk, TADW, SDNE and CANE were selected as comparison methods, and three real-world networks were used as data sets to verify the validity of the model, and experiments of node classification and link reconstruction are carried out. In the node classification, the average performance is improved by 1.7 percentage points for different datasets and training proportions. In the link reconstruction experiment, only half the dimension is needed to achieve better performance. Finally, the performance improvement of the model under different network depths was discussed. By increasing the depth of the model, the average performance of node classification increased by 1.1 percentage points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To compare the efficacy of local anesthesia and general anesthesia of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) for Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods Forty PD patients who underwent bilateral STN - DBS from January 2015 to January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-two patients underwent local anesthesia and 18 patients underwent general anesthesia. Pre- and post-operative Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III (UPDRS-III), Hoehn-Yahr, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)-17 and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA)-14 were used to assess the motor symptoms, daily living function, cognitive function, memory, anxiety and depression. Results The target deviation of the second electrode in general anesthesia group was lower than that in local anesthesia group [(0.98 ± 0.39) mm vs. (1.21 ± 0.35) mm; t = - 2.041, P = 0.048], the target deviation of the first electrode was not statistically significant [(0.96 ± 0.29) mm vs. (1.01 ± 0.35) mm; t = - 0.496, P = 0.623]. At 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery, the "on" and "off" UPDRS-III scores (P = 0.001, for all) and Hoehn-Yahr (P = 0.001, for all) in the general anesthesia group and the local anesthesia group were all significantly decreased compared with baseline, ADL score significanly increased (P = 0.001, for all). There were no significant differences in "on" and "off" UPDRS-III, Hoehn-Yahr, ADL, WAIS and WMS scores between 2 groups (P > 0.05, for all). One day after surgery, the HAMA-14 in the local anesthesia group was higher than baseline (P = 0.027), in the general anesthesia group, HAMD-17 (P = 0.008) and HAMA-14 (P = 0.001) scores were lower than 1 d before surgery. The HAMD-17 (P = 0.001, for all) and HAMA - 14 (P = 0.001, for all) of 2 groups at 6, 12 and 24 months after surgery were all lower than baseline, 1 d before and 1 d after surgery. HAMD-17 score in the general anesthesia group was lower than the local anesthesia group (P = 0.048). Conclusions Both general anesthesia and local anesthesia STN- DBS can significantly improve PD motor symptoms and quality of life, as well as relieve the depression and anxiety symptoms, without affecting cognitive function and memory. Attention should be paid to mood fluctuations in using different anesthesia during the perioperative period. Choice of anesthesia method should be based on the patient's condition and indications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In order to acquire triple-negative breast cancer stem cells by adherent MDA-MB-231 cells were cultured in serum-free medium. In the experiment, the morphological observation of the sphere re-formation and colony formation was carried out, in addition, the protein expression ofCD44+CD24-/low and CXCR4 was detected. Methods: Human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines were plated in stem cell conditioned culture system to generate mammospheres. Samples of mammospheres in 7-9 days were taken to evaluate the effects of different MDA-MB-231cell density on the mammosphere-formation efficiency; the proportion ofCD44+CD24-/low was analyzed by flow cytometry, CXCR4 protein expression was tested by western blot, sphere re-formation and colony formation were assessed by morphological observation. Results: Triple negative breast cancer mammospheres can be enriched in serum-free medium containing 20 ng/mL EGF, 10 ng/mL bFGF and 2% b27. The mammosphere formation efficiency was (5.61± 0.02)%, (3.23± 0.54)%, (2.28± 0.48)%, (1.05± 0.13)% and (0.91± 0.01)% when the MDA-MB-231 cell culturing density was 1 x 104/mL, 2x 104/mL, 3x 104/mL, 4 x 104/mL and 5 x 104/mL, respectivel. There was a significantly difference among these groups (P<0.05). The proportion of CD44+ CD24-/low in MDA-MB-231 adherent cells and mammosheres were (38.54 ± 2.00)% VS (66.35 ± 2.06)%, P=0.003. CXCR4 protein expression in mammosheres cells was higher than MDA-MB-231 adherent cells, P=0.03. Single mammosphere cell has the ability to generate sphere again. Colony formations of mammosheres need 200 cells and adherent MDA-MB-231 need 1000 cells in soft agarmedia. Conclusions: 1.Triple negative breast cancer stem cells can be enriched in serum-free medium, low cell density was beneficial to the formation of mammosheres. 2. Mammosheres had a higher CD44+CD24-/low proportion than MDA-MB-231 adherent cells. 3.CXCR4 protein expression in mammosheres was higher than in MDA-MB-231 adherent cells [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposed an algorithm based on the color and texture features for detecting saliency objects. This method could improve the accuracy of the traditional saliency detection approaches. It took into account the characteristics of the image color contrast and texture features both in the RGB color space and Lab color space. Next, it defined 2D entropy to evaluate the performance of the feature maps, which could be used to choose the proper channels. And then, according to characteristics of the color and texture features, it proposed different fusion methods, respectively. Finally, in a public database with four experimental comparisons of popular algorithms, experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the multi-parameter and coupled variations in the multi-source water supply system, it was difficult to be real-time regulated and the nodal pressure was highly variable, so an optimal scheduling strategy was proposed, which was based on multi-parameter controlling the pressure constant. Firstly, the flow parameter increments model was established by predicting the nodal hourly water demands, and the variations of nodal pressures were obtained. Then the scheduling strategy was deduced from controlling the constant monitoring pressure parameters. At last, the parameters of typical pipe flow directions, pumps operation status and speed changes, pumps output flow were regarded as decision variables to be regulated. In view of the nonlinear model and the coupled discrete and continuous variables, ant colony algorithm was used to optimize the scheduling, with the disturbance factors, exploration transfer ways and dynamic evaporations to improve the global optimization ability and convergence rate. The test results show that the new strategy can find the optimal schedule solution quickly, and well track the nodal stream variations to keep the constant monitoring nodal pressure, thus it strengthens the real-time regulation ability of multi-source water supply system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Germination and early seedling growth bioassays were used to assess the autointoxication and allelopathy potential of Panax notoginseng which served as donors and P. notoginseng,wheat(Triticum aestivum),rape(Brassica campestris)as receptors. The results were as follows:(1)the autointoxication of P. notoginseng appeared some differences in different density,but showed no obvious regularity. The exudates from seed germination of P. notoginseng inhibited seed germination rate,germination index and seedling height of rape;(2)The allelopathic effects of water extract of P. notoginseng differed among receptors. The wheat showed different promotion or inhibition which mainly manifested in the seedling fresh weight,seedling dry weight,root fresh weight,root number of wheat growth. The water extract inhibited the germination rate,promoted the seedling fresh weight,seedling dry weight,root fresh weight,root length of rape;(3)The allelopathy and autointoxication of P. notoginseng was obvious,the substances may be an important factor affecting the continuous cropping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a study related to determining the role of PrPc protein on nervous system function in mouse which helps in learning and memory ability. Topics discussed include the use of passive avoidance test and Morris water maze test to observe the behavior of mouse, determination of the escape latency of the mice, and effect of the protein on the memory ability and spatial learning skill.

Stochastic subspace technique to identify flutter derivatives of bridge decks is numerically robust and able to give precise estimation of system frequencies and damping ratios, while it is not precise enough for determination of mode shapes in low-speed flow. Firstly, sensitivity of flutter derivatives of the thin plate section model to modal shape is confirmed. Secondly, in combination with a new kind of stabilization diagram which choose system frequencies, damping ratios and mode shapes as stability criterion pole, covariance-driven stochastic subspace identification (SSI) technique is proved to be effective to give a better estimation of mode shapes via a numerical example. The identified flutter derivatives are compared to both Theodorson analytical solutions of the ideal thin plate and results from traditional stochastic subspace identification method, and the precision of the present method is verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wavelet transform has been used for detecting the singularities in structural response, which are caused by sudden changes in the system parameters. If the structure is subject to broadband random excitation like earthquakes, however, the singularities could also be caused by the excitation process. The isolation method based on wavelet transform was investigated to separate the singularities due to the excitation and the singularities due to the structural damages. An FEM model for the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) structural health monitoring benchmark problem was used to demonstrate the validity of the proposed algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with the composite materials, the functionally graded materials can not only provide better specific stiffness but also reduce the risk of layered damage. Therefore, the graded distribution forms have become the development trend of advanced structures. An efficient finite element (FE) modeling method and numerical simulation of plate and shell with nonlinear temperature gradient coupling are developed based on the FOSD hypothesis for thermo-electro-elastic coupled functionally graded piezoelectric material (FGPM) integrated with smart structures in this paper. The constitutive model for thermo-electro-elastic coupled FGPM is derived. Assuming that the temperature gradient distribution changes secondarily through the thickness, two nonlinear physical models for temperature change are constructed. Based on the FOSD hypothesis, the multi-field coupled FE equation of plate and shell is derived. The accuracy of the present FE model is verified by the commercial calculation structures. The parametric simulation of FGPM shells is carried out based on the FE model.

Train regenerative braking energy accounts about 10%~30% of the total traction energy, and its efficient utilization is of great importance to building green and low-carbon railway traction power supply system. Traditional railway traction power supply system consists of multiple independent sections, and energy cannot be transferred between sections. This restricts the utilization of regenerative energy in the traction power supply system. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a networked traction power supply system, where energy dispatching equipment is installed in the section post to connect adjacent sections. Topology of the networked traction power supply system and principles of the energy dispatching equipment are introduced in this paper, and energy dispatching equipment group's optimal strategy aimed for cost reduction is proposed too. The simulation result shows that compared with the traditional traction power supply system, the forward energy of networked traction power supply system can be reduced by 17.3%, and the maximum power of substation can be reduced by about 19.0%. The correctness and effectiveness of the networked traction power supply system's working principle and dispatching strategy are verified.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of hyaluronic acid medical wound dressing on skin repair after Picoway laser treatment. Methods Thirty patients after Picoway laser treatment were randomly divided into medical wound dressing group and control group. Medical wound dressing group was treated with medical wound dressing combined with the Danrushuang made by Shanghai Dermatology Hospital immediately after treatment, while the control group was treated with the Danrushuang made by Shanghai Dermatology Hospital alone for 7 days. Results The quantitative evaluation results of skin image analyzer (VISIA-6) showed that the improvement of redness area, texture and brown spots in the medical wound dressing group was better than that in the control group(P＜0.05) after 7 days treatment. CK skin tester (MPA-580) showed that the skin water content of the medical wound dressing group was obviously higher than that of the control group at different time points after laser treatment, and the transepidermal water loss at each time point was significantly lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05). There was no significant adverse events recorded in all patients. Conclusions The use of hyaluronic acid medical wound dressing after Picoway laser treatment may promote the recovery of the skin barrier, alleviate acute inflammatory reaction and have an obvious moisturizing effect.

In urban rail traction power supply system, DC catenary grounding is a common fault. As IGBT devices of PWM rectifier have no ability to withstand short-circuit current, controllable traction power supply rectifier equipment usually adopts PWM rectifier and diode rectifier in parallel mode to improve short-circuit withstand ability, but PWM rectifier and diode rectifier in direct parallel connection will introduce circulating current, resulting in damage to the diode rectifier. In order to solve the circulating current problem, firstly, the advantages and disadvantages of the common scheme of circulating current between PWM rectifier and diode rectifier are analyzed. Then, a new topology is proposed, which requires no additional hardware investment, and the circulating current is suppressed within the safe range by means of a specific angle carrier phase shift modulation algorithm between multiple PWM rectifiers. Finally, a simulation model of the traction power supply system is established based on the proposed rectifier equipment, and the system simulation and experimental verification are carried out. Experimental results show that the diode rectifier branch current is only 6.7 A when the equipment is running. The simulation results are consistent with the experimental results, and the rectifier equipment and its control strategy proposed in this paper can effectively suppress the circulating current, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the scheme.

In order to improve the accuracy of trust evaluation,a new trust model based on individual experience was proposed. By considering the differences between experiences of individual nodes,relative experience factor （REF） was introduced; then based on REF,a quantitative trust assessment system was constructed. The analysis shows,by introduc-ing the new model,the accuracy of trust evaluation and the feedback trust algorithm are both improved. Furthermore,the feedback trust algorithm is well popularized,and can be used in various trust models.

Objective: To explore through big data analysis whether aberrant alternative splicing (AS) events precede tau P301S -induced neurodegenerative phenotype in 6-month-old PS19 mice., Methods: The original sequencing files of the GSE182170 dataset was downloaded from the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) database with axel, aligned to the reference genome of the ENSEMBL database by using STAR software, and common AS event analysis and visualization were performed with rMATS and rmats2sashimiplot R packages. RSEM software was utilized for gene transcript quantification, Deseq2, edgeR, and limma R packages were used for differential expression analysis, and clusterProfiler R package was applied for GO enrichment analysis. String and Cytoscape were used for protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Gene expression correlation analysis was performed with ggcorrplot R package. AS events were validated using PCR followed by agarose electrophoresis., Results: A total of 8 079 AS events were identified with rMATS and 117 significant AS events (ΔPSI>0.1, sequencing coverage >1) were selected eventually. The most frequent type of AS event was skipped exon (SE) (50.43%), followed by alternative 3' splice site (A3SS) and mutually exclusive exons (MXE). GO enrichment analysis revealed that synapse organization genes were aberrantly spliced in SE events and spliceosome genes were spliced in A3SS events. PPI and correlation analyses showed that the splicing factor Snrpn was significantly associated with the largest number of transcripts. Agarose electrophoresis confirmed the aberrant AS event of the Lrp8 gene in PS19 mice., Conclusion: Dysregulated splicing factors may contribute to tau P301S -induced aberrant AS changes. The study also increases the understanding of the cycling of tau protein and splicing factors in tauopathies., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).)

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of combined application of Compound Amino Acid Capsule (8-11) (CAAC8-11) and L-carnitine (LC) in the treatment of idiopathic asthenospermia (IAS), and to explore its possible therapeutic mechanism., Methods: Based on the principle of double-blind and control, we selected 120 cases of IAS meeting the diagnostic criteria of asthenospermia in the WHO Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen (5th Ed) and randomly divided them into three groups of an equal number: CAAC8-11 + LC, LC control and blank control, the former given CAAC8-11 in addition to LC oral liquid, and the latter two given LC oral liquid and life intervention, respectively, all for 12 weeks. We collected semen samples from all the patients before and after treatment, and examined perm motility, the contents of neutral α- glucosidase (NAG) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI), and the expression of the Nrf2 protein., Results: Compared with the baseline, the total sperm motility was significantly improved in the IAS patients after treated with CAAC8-11 + LC (［27.50 ± 0.77］% vs ［32.50 ± 0.74］%, P < 0.05) or LC only (［27.60 ± 0.66］% vs ［30.90 ± 0.70］%, P < 0.05), dramatically higher in the CAAC8-11 + LC than in the LC and blank control groups (P < 0.01). The content of NAG in the epididymis was remarkably increased after treatment in the CAAC8-11 + LC than in the LC and blank control groups (［23.90 ± 0.56］ vs ［21.20 ± 0.49］ and ［16.80 ± 0.42］ mU, P < 0.05), so was the expression of Nrf2 (P < 0.05), while the ROS level was markedly decreased in the former than in the latter two groups (［81.60 ± 2.50］ vs ［88.50 ± 2.50］ and ［88.70 ± 2.40］ μg/ml, P < 0.05)., Conclusion: CAAC8-11 + LC has a good clinical effect on asthenospermia, with no adverse reactions, which may be attributed to its ability to regulate the high expression of Nrf2, decrease the production of ROS and reduce the damage of oxidative stress to sperm motility.

Objective: To investigate the morphology of coronal femoral intertrochanteric fracture and its effect on reduction and internal fixation., Methods: The clinical and imaging data of 46 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture who met the selection criteria between August 2017 and October 2018 were reviewed. There were 15 males and 31 females; the age ranged from 62 to 91 years, with an average of 72.8 years. The causes of injury included walking falls in 35 cases, falling out of bed in 4 cases, and traffic accidents in 7 cases. The AO/Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification was type 31-A1 in 11 cases and type 31-A2 in 35 cases. All patients underwent closed reduction and internal fixation with intramedullary nails. During the operation, fracture reduction and fixation were performed according to the preoperative evaluation results. According to the patients' preoperative X-ray film and CT three-dimensional reconstruction images, the direction of the coronal fracture line of the femoral intertrochanter and the morphological characteristics of the fracture block were observed; and the coronal fracture discrimination analysis was carried out for the fractures of different AO/OTA types. The percentages of coronal femoral intertrochanteric fractures diagnosed by preoperative X-ray film and CT three-dimensional reconstruction were calculated and statistically analyzed. The fracture reduction, the position of internal fixation [measurement of tip-apex distance (TAD)]. and the reliability of internal fixation were observed after operation., Results: X-ray film was not easy to identify coronary fracture, and the coronal fracture line and the shape of the fracture piece weree clearly visible in CT three-dimensional reconstruction images. The morphological characteristics of the coronary fracture block: in AO/OTA 31-A1 type, the fracture line extended obliquely backward from the anterior tip of the large rotor, above the small rotor with or without small rotor fracture; in AO/OTA 31-A2 type, fracture line extended obliquely backward from the anterior tip of the large rotor to below the small rotor. Thirteen cases (28.3%) of coronal fractures were found on preoperative X-ray films, and 35 cases (76.1%) were found by CT three-dimensional reconstruction, showing significant difference ( χ 2 =21.083, P =0.000). In AO/OTA 31-A1 type patients, the proportion of coronal fractures found by X-ray film and CT three-dimensional reconstruction was 18.2% (2/11) and 54.5% (6/11), respectively, and that in AO/OTA 31-A2 type patients was 31.4% (11/35) and 82.9% (29/35), respectively, showing significant differences ( χ 2 =3.143, P =0.000; χ 2 =20.902, P =0.000). Among the 35 patients with coronal fractures, 6 cases (17.1%) of AO/OTA 31-A1 type, 29 cases (82.9%) of AO/OTA 31-A2 type. The operation time of the patient was 80-112 minutes, with an average of 95 minutes; the intraoperative blood loss was 180-450 mL, with an average of 360 mL. There was no complication such as infection, falling pneumonia, and deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities. At 3 days after operation, the internal fixators were all in the proper position. The TAD was 0.9-1.8 cm, with an average of 1.4 cm. All patients were followed up 14-18 months, with an average of 16 months. All the fractures healed osseously, and there was no complication such as nonunion and loosening of internal fixation., Conclusion: CT three-dimensional reconstruction can better identify coronal femoral intertrochanteric fractures than X-ray films, and accurately recognize and analyze the incidence and morphological characteristics of coronal fractures, which can help formulate more effective surgical strategies to promote patient recovery.

Objective: To study the value of fecal calprotectin (FC) in the diagnosis of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) through a Meta analysis., Methods: Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Weipu Periodical Database, Wanfang Data, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched for related studies published up to May 2020, with manual search as supplementation. The QUADAS criteria were used to evaluate the quality of the articles included. Meta-DiSc 1.4 and Stata 15.0 software were used to perform the Meta analysis, including the evaluation of specificity, sensitivity, likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio. The sensitivity analysis and heterogeneity testing were performed, and the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve and Fagan diagram were plotted., Results: A total of 15 articles were enrolled, involving 1 719 neonates. Among these articles, 4 had low quality, 2 had high quality, and the rest had medium quality. There was high heterogeneity between studies, and there was no threshold effect or publication bias. The random effects model analysis showed that FC had a pooled specificity of 0.80 (95% CI :0.78-0.82) and a sensitivity of 0.86 (95% CI :0.83-0.89) in the diagnosis of NEC, with a negative likelihood ratio of 0.19 (95% CI :0.14-0.26), a positive likelihood ratio of 4.71 (95% CI :3.57-6.23), and a diagnostic odds ratio of 29.56 (95% CI :17.98-48.61). The area under the SROC curve was 0.9131 and the Q * index was 0.8456. The Fagan diagram showed that the post-test probability of NEC indicated by negative FC was 13%, while that indicated by positive FC was 86%. The Meta regression analysis showed that the heterogeneity came from other non-threshold factors., Conclusions: FC has high potential and efficiency in the early diagnosis of NEC. FC measurement can be used for the diagnosis of NEC, but it should be combined with clinical manifestations and other related laboratory examinations.

Objective: To detect the effects and mechanism of asprosin (Asp) and spartin on the injury of mice cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) induced by high glucose., Methods: The cultured CMECs were divided into 2 groups, one group is normal group (5.5 mmol/L glucose in the medium) and another is HG group (30 mmol/L glucose in the medium). Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were respectively used to detect the mRNA level of spastic paraplegia 20 (SPG20) and protein expression of spartin in CMECs. Upregulation or downregulation of the expression of spartin was achieved via transfection with adenovirus (Ad) or small interfering RNA (siRNA) respectively. CMECs with downregulation of spartin expression were firstly treated with anti-oxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or Asp respectively for 48 h, and then were interfered with 30 mmol/L glucose for 24 h afterward. The apoptosis of cell was detected by flow cytometry. Nitric oxide (NO) production was detected by NO probe and ELISA kit. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were tested by DHE staining and ELISA kit. Type 2 diabetic model mice were established and then divided into T2DM group and T2DM+Asp group. After the model mice were established successfully (random blood glucose was more than 16.7 mmol/L), Asp (1 μg/g) was intraperitoneally injected once a day. After 2 weeks, mice echocardiography was performed to test cardiac diastolic function. The integrity of the microvascular endothelium was observed by scanning electron microscopy., Results: Compared with the normal group, the mRNA level of SPG 20 and protein expression of spartin in mice CMECs of HG group were significantly reduced ( P < 0.05). Under the condition of high glucose, Ad transfection induced significant decrease of the intracellular ROS level and the apoptosis level of the CMECs ( P < 0.05), while NO increased after Ad transfection. In contrast, siRNA intervention resulted in opposite effect. In addition, the antioxidant NAC partly reversed the above changes caused by downregulating spartin. Asp upregulated the level of SPG20 mRNA and spartin protein expression in CMECs, reduced ROS production, reduced apoptosis and increased NO production. However, intervention effects of Asp, such as decreasing of ROS production, inhibiting apoptosis of CMECs and increasing of NO production, were partly reversed in spartin downregulated cells. In vivo , we found that Asp can improve cardiac function and increase the integrity and smoothness of cardiac microvascular endothelium in type 2 diabetic mice., Conclusion: Asp can inhibit oxidative stress in mice CMECs through upregulating spartin signaling pathway, thereby alleviating the damage of microvascular endothelium in diabetic heart., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition).)

Objective To observe the effect of Gui Zhi Fu Ling Jiao Nang (GZFLJN) on the expressions of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in uterine vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) of rat models with an intrauterine device (IUD) and to determine the thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) levels in peripheral blood. Methods Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:normal group (n=16,with normal breed without treatment),model group (n=18,drenching 0.9% normal saline after modeling of IUD),GZFLJN group (n=18),and aminocaproic acid tablets group (n=17). Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expressions of α-SMA and PCNA in uterine VSMC.ELISA was served to detect the levels of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1α in peripheral blood. Results The positive rate of α-SMA were (50.89±9.41)%,(26.93±6.80)%,(48.92±6.80)%,and (34.63±7.26)%,respectively,in normal group,model group,GZFLJN group,and aminocaproic acid tablets group;obviously,it was significantly higher in normal group (t=14.43,P=0.00) and GZFLJN group (t=11.37,P=0.00) than that in model group and it was significantly lower in aminocaproic acid tablets group than in normal group (t=9.96,P=0.00) and GZFLJN group (t=8.23,P=0.00). The positive rate of PCNA were (25.66±7.24)%,(61.26±9.98)%,(28.36±9.17)%,and (50.23±8.71)%,respectively,in these four groups;obviously,it was significantly lower in the normal group (t=20.86,P=0.00) and GZFLJN group (t=19.12,P=0.00) than in model group and it was significantly higher in aminocaproic acid tablets group than in normal group (t=17.82,P=0.00) and GZFLJN group (t=16.05,P=0.00). Serum TXB2 level in these four groups were (445.86±24.43),(508.78±12.42),(448.11±9.63),and (498.11±13.63)ng/L;obviously,it was significantly higher in model group than in normal group (t=16.55,P=0.00) and aminocaproic acid tablets group (t=-4.12,P=0.00) and it was significantly lower in GZFLJN group than in model group (t=-15.23,P=0.00) and aminocaproic acid tablets group (t=-12.08,P=0.00). Serum 6-keto-PGF1α level in these four groups were (23.17±1.93),(18.09±0.93),(22.70±1.61),and (20.70±1.41)ng/L,respectively;obviously,it was significantly lower in model group than in normal group (t=-13.98,P=0.00) and aminocaproic acid tablets group (t=5.26,P=0.00) and it was significantly higher in GZFLJN group than in model group (t=11.43,P=0.00) and aminocaproic acid tablets group (t=8.76,P=0.00). Conclusion GZFLJN can regulate the expressions of α-SMA and PCNA of VSMC in the endometrium of IUD rats and the concentrations of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1α in the serum.

Objective: To investigate the effects of resveratrol in the cryopreservation medium on the quality and function of post-thaw sperm., Methods: Semen samples were obtained from 50 normozoospermic and 50 oligoasthenozoospermic men, liquefied and then cryopreserved in the glycerol-egg yolk-citrate (GEYC) medium with or without 30 μmol/L resveratrol. Sperm motility, viability and acrosome reaction (AR) were examined before and after thawing. Sperm lipid peroxidation and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using commercial malondialdehyde (MDA) and the ROS assay kit. Sperm mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and DNA damage were determined by Rhodamine 123 staining and TUNEL., Results: The percentage of progressively motile sperm (PMS), total sperm motility, sperm viability, MMP and AR were significantly decreased (P <0.05) while the levels of sperm ROS, MDA and DNA fragmentation index (DFI) remarkably increased in both the normozoospermia and oligoasthenozoospermia groups after cryopreservation as compared with those in the fresh ejaculate (P <0.05). In comparison with the non-resveratrol control, the post-thaw sperm cryopreserved with 30 μmol/L resveratrol showed markedly higher PMS (［32.7 ± 4.8］ vs ［43.1 ± 6.3］ %, P <0.05), total motility (［44.8 ± 6.9］ vs ［56.9 ± 7.4］ %, P <0.05), viability (［52.3 ± 6.1］ vs ［67.5 ± 5.6］ %, P <0.05), MMP (［56.5 ± 7.0］ vs ［63.4 ± 7.5］ %, P <0.05) and AR (［16.6 ± 3.8］ vs ［26.3 ± 4.7］ %, P <0.05) but lower ROS, MDA and DFI (all P <0.05) in the normozoospermia group, and so did the post-thaw sperm in the oligoasthenozoospermia group, with a particularly lower DFI (［28.5 ± 4.8］ vs ［36.3 ± 5.7］%, P <0.01)., Conclusions: Resveratrol in the cryopreservation medium can improve the quality and function of post-thaw human sperm by reducing cryopreservation-induced sperm injury and the level of ROS.

Overlying water and sediment interstitial water samples were acquired to study the nitrogen release between sediments and water interfaces in Xiangxi Bay in April 2016 during the Sensitive Period in spring. The spatial distribution of different forms of nitrogen in the sediment was analyzed, the diffusion fluxes of different forms of nitrogen in the sediments and water systems were also measured, and a correlation analysis with environmental factors was conducted. The results show that overlying water and sediment interstitial water ρ (TN) ranges from 1.10 to 6.90 mg·L -1 and 6.19 to 32.57 mg·L -1 respectively; indicating the nitrogen concentrations in the overlying and interstitial water of sediments have a certain variation along the process and vertically. The interstitial water nitrogen concentrations in the upstream area are higher than those in the downstream area. The interstitial water ρ (NH 4 + -N) in the sediment is significantly larger than that in the overlying water, but the interstitial water ρ (NO 3 - -N) in the sediment is slightly smaller than that in the overlying water. Xiangxi Bay sediment acts as a source of NH 4 + -N; however, for NO 3 - -N it is a sink. The diffusive fluxes of NH 4 + -N range from 2.70 to 4.72 mg·(m 2 ·d) -1 ; and the diffusive fluxes of NO 3 - -N range from -1.61 to -0.62 mg·(m 2 ·d) -1 . Nitrogen is mainly present in the form of ammonium nitrogen in the sediment of Xiangxi Bay. The ρ (NH 4 + -N) in the sediment ranges from 69.97-1185.97 mg·kg -1 , ρ (NO 3 - -N) ranges from 2.78-38.17 mg·kg -1 , and the ρ (NH 4 + -N) in sediments in the surface at 0-8 cm changes with the same trend.

Objective: To explore the correlation between the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and mRNA expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in different stages of liver fibrosis in rats.
 Methods: A model of liver fibrosis in rats was established by intraperitoneal injection of high-fat diet combined with porcine serum. After drug administration for 4 weeks, 48 rats served as a model group and 12 rats served as a control group, then they underwent diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) scanning. The value of ADC was calculated at b value=800 s/mm2. The rats were sacrificed and carried out pathologic examination after DWI scanning immediately. The mRNA expression of TIMP-1 was detected by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The rats of hepatic fibrosis were also divided into a S0 group (n=4), a S1 group (n=11), a S2 group (n=12), a S3 group (n=10), and a S4 group (n=9) according to their pathological stage. The value of ADC and the expression of TIMP-1 mRNA among the different stage groups of liver fibrosis were compared, and the correlation between ADC and the TIMP-1 mRNA were analyzed.
 Results: The ADC value and the TIMP-1 mRNA expression were significantly different between the control group and the liver fibrosis group (F=46.54 and 53.87, P<0.05). There were significant differences in the value of ADC between every two groups (all P<0.05), except the control group vs the S1 group, the S1 group vs the S2 group, and the S2 group vs the S3 group (all P>0.05). For the comparison of TIMP-1 mRNA, there was no significant difference between the S1 group and the S2 group, the S3 group and the S4 group (both P>0.05). There were significant differences among the rest of the groups (all P<0.05). Rank correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between the ADC value and the TIMP-1 mRNA expression (r=-0.76, P<0.01).
 Conclusion: When the value of ADC decreases in the progress of rats' liver fibrosis, the mRNA expression of TIMP-1 increases gradually, and there is a negative correlation between them.

Objective: To explore the effect of liraglutide on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and related mechanisms., Methods: Twenty-four male SD rats were divided into sham group, I/R injury group, and liraglutide group by table of random number (n = 8 each). Myocardial I/R injury model was established by occlusion of the left anterior descending artery for 30 min followed by 2 h of reperfusion. HE stain method was used to observe cardiomyocyte status under light microscope, myocardial tissue samples were stained with TTC to measure the myocardial infarction size, protein expression of p53 and caspase-3 was analyzed by immunohistochemical technique and Western blot respectively, xanthine oxidase method was used to detect SOD activity, Thiobarbituric acid method was used to measure the concentration of MDA., Results: Compared with the I/R group, the degree of myocardial damage of liraglutide group was significantly reduced and the myocardial infarct area was significantly lower ((44 ± 8) % vs. (62 ± 8) %, P<0.05) while protein expression of caspase-3 and p53 in liraglutide group was significantly downregulated (0.19 ± 0.03 vs. 0.24 ± 0.02 and 0.27 ± 0.03 vs. 0.39 ± 0.04, P<0.05). SOD activity was significantly increased and MDA concentration was significantly decreased (74.20 ± 11.10 vs. 44.04 ± 14.30 and 4.41 ± 1.07 vs. 8.72 ± 2.20, P<0.05) in liraglutide group compared to I/R group., Conclusion: Liraglutide protects myocardium against I/R injury possibly through reducing cardiomyocytes apoptosis and oxidation.

Objective: To observe the role of magnesium sulfate in vascular calcification, to explore the role and the mechanism of magnesium sulfate in vascular calcification., Methods: The vascular calcification model was established by administration of vitamin D3 plus nicotine (VDN) in SD rats. To estimate the extent of calcification by Von Kossa staining, calcium content and alkaline phosphatase activity, osteopontin (OPN) mRNA were determined by using semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.The malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) content and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) were measured by biochemistry., Results: A strong positive staining of black/brown areas among the elastic fibers of the medial layer in calcified aorta by Von Kossa staining, calcium content and ALP activity in calcified arteries increased by 3.9-and 3.4-fold as compared with the controls. The expression of OPN mRNA was up-regulated by 40% (P < 0.01). The lipid peroxidation products MDA in vascular were increased 2.0-fold (P < 0.01). The NO content and SOD activity were greatly decreased by 64% and 72% (P < 0.01), respectively, compared with controls. However, calcium content and ALP activity in VDN plus magnesium sulfate group were lower than those in VDN group. Low and high dosage magnesium sulfate obviously relieved degree of calcification in the cardiovascular tissues in a dosage-dependent manner (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Magnesium sulfate plays a role in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification by reducing vascular calcification and decreasing vascular injury.

Aim: To observe the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and aldosterone receptor blockers on cardiac function to explore the mechanism of cardiac function descending and myocardial injury in calcium-overload rats., Methods: Calcium-overload in rat was induced by administration of Vitamin D3 plus nicotine. To Estimate the extent of calcium-overload by calcium content. Angiotension II and aldosterone levels in the myocardia were measured by radioimmunoassay. Cardiac function (+/- LVdp/dt, LVESP and LVEDP) were measured by Powerlab. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content, activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CPK) were measured by biochemistry., Results: Calcium content increased by 3.2-, 5.8 -fold in myocardial and artery, compared with controls. VDN-treated survivors showed lower + LVdp/dt(max) and -LVdp/dt(max) values, by 27% and 34%, respectively (both P < 0.01). Higher LVESP, and LVEDP by 42 % and 32% (P < 0.01); heart rate and mean arterial pressure were not significantly altered (P > 0.05). The lipid peroxidation products MDA and conjugated diene in myocardia were increased 22% (P < 0.01), 68% (P < 0.05) (P < 0.05), respectively. The plasma activity of CPK and LDH was greatly increased by 4.5-and 3.1-fold (P < 0.01), respectively. ACEI and spironolactone obviously relieved degree of calcium-overload and improved cardiac function and myocardial injury(P < 0.01). Calcium content in myocardia and artery was lower 44%, 39% and 57%, 34%. Lower MDA by 20%, 30%, lower conjugated diene by 44%, 35% than calcium-overload group. The plasma activity of CPK and LDH were obviously decreased 28%, 34% and 20%, 27%, compared with calcium-overload group., Conclusion: Calcium-overload could lead to cardiac function descending and myocardial injury in calcium-overload rats by VDN. ACEI and spironolactone could reduce calcium-overload in myocardial and ameliorate cardiac function and decrease myocardial injury.

A method was developed for the simultaneous determination of aflatoxins (AFs) (B1, B2, G1 and G2), zearalenone (ZEA) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in cereal grains by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection after immunoaffinity column clean-up and post-column derivatization. Cereal grain sample was extracted with methanol-water (80: 20, v/v). The extract was purified by immunoaffinity column and the toxins were separated by reversed-phase HPLC, and quantified with fluorescence detection after photochemical derivatization. The separation was performed on a Nova-Pak column (3.9 mm i. d. x 150 mm, 4 microm, Waters) with a linear gradient of methanol-acetonitrile-1% phosphoric acid mixture. The calibration curves for mycotoxins were made in the concentration range of 0.24 - 6.0 for AFs ( B1, B2, G1 and G2), 4.0 - 100.0 for ZEA and 0.5 - 40.0 microg/L for OTA. Recoveries of the different cereal grains (wheat, rice, rye) spiked with mycotoxins at levels ranged from 0.24 -1.0 microg/kg for AFs (B1, B2, G1 and G2), 4.0 -16.0 microg/kg for ZEA and 0.5 - 3.0 microg/kg for OTA were from 70.8% to 94.0% and relative standard deviations were between 2.79% and 9.38%. The limits of detection were 0.24 Rg/kg for AFs (B1, B2, G1 and G2), 0.5 microg/kg for OTA and 4.0 microg/kg for ZEA.

Aim: To study the effect of AMP579 and adenosine on potassium ionic (K+) or sodium ionic (Na+) channels and to elucidate ionic mechanisms underlying negative inotropic and antiarrhythmic effects of AMP579 and adenosine., Methods: Ionic channel currents of rat and guinea pig ventricular myocytes were recorded by patch clamp technique in whole-cell configuration., Results: Adenosine showed a stronger activating effect on transient outward K+ current (I(to)) than AMP579, EC50 of adenosine and AMP579 were 2.33 and 8. 32 micromol x L(-1), respectively (P < 0.05). An adenosine A1 receptor blocker, 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (PD116948), can abolish the effects of AMP579 and adenosine on I(to), demonstrating that the effect is mediated by adenosine A1 receptor. Adenosine exerted a more obvious inhibitory effect on delayed rectifier K+ current (IK) than AMP579. IC50 of adenosine and AMP579 were 1.21 and 2.31 micromol x L(-1), respectively (P < 0.05). AMP579 had a more powerful inhibitory effect on inward rectifier K+ current (IK1) than adenosine. IC50 of AMP579 and adenosine were 4.15 and 20.7 micromol x L(-1), repectively (P < 0.01). AMP579 and adenosine exerted a similar inhibitory effect on fast inward Na+ current (INA), IC50 of AMP579 and adenosine were 9.46 and 6.23 micromol x L(-1), respectively (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: Adenosine showed a stronger activating effect on I(to) than AMP579, however, the mechanism of AMP579 and adenosine activating I(to) was mediated by adenosine A1 receptor. AMP579 has a more powerful inhibitory effect on IK1, and less inhibitory effect on IK than adenosine. Both drugs have a similar inhibitory effect on INa. The negative inotropic and antiarrhythmic effects are related to these ionic mechanisms.

Objective: To study the genetic pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis (MG) caused by cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene polymorphisms and regulation function of transcription factor., Methods: ELISA assay was used to determine the expression level of serum sCTLA-4 in MG. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CTLA-4 at exon 1 +49, promoter -318, -1661, -1772 were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Transcription factor nuclear factor 1(NF-1) and c/EBPbeta binding site were confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation(CHIP) assay., Results: It was found that the frequencies of the GG+49 genotype and G+49 allele are higher in MG patients with thymoma than those in patients of thymic hyperplasia and normal thymus subgroups. T/C-318 is not correlated with MG. The frequency of CT-1772 genotype is significantly higher in MG patients, especially in MG patients with thymoma, when compared with that in healthy controls. Meanwhile, the frequency of the G-1661 allele and GG-1661 genotype is lower in MG patients. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) between each SNPs in promoter -1772, -1661, -318 and coding sequence 1 (CDS 1) +49 is apparent. sCTLA-4 levels in patients' sera are correlated with the haplotype and genotype. T/C-1772 and A/G-1661 SNPs change the sequence of transcription factor NF-1 and c/EBPbeta binding sites. DNA variants lose site-specific binding activity of transcription factor regulated by lectin ConA and PHA., Conclusion: There are strong positive linkages among four SNPs. C/T-1772 and A/G-1661 polymorphisms can result in inefficient transcription of CTLA-4 gene. T>C-1772 mutation also affects gene splicing. These SNPs may constitute a factor of susceptibility to disease.

Aim: To investigate the effects of different level of laminar shear stresses on the vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) location and expression changes associated with actin reorganization and it's mechanism., Methods: A parallel-plate flow chamber device was used to create laminar shear stress in vitro on cultured human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). The distribution of VASP and microfilament were observed by double immunofluorescence staining. RT-PCR was used to test VASP mRNA level, while VASP parameters were analyzed quantitatively with Western blot., Results: After exposure to a flow of 10 dyn/cm2 flow for 24 h, HUVECs were elongated and oriented gradually to the direction of the flow. The microfilaments were recruited and oriented to the direction of flow with thicker VASP, specially targeted to the ends of stress fibres. RT-PCR result indicated shear could induce VASP mRNA increase. Western blotting data showed a dynamic reversible phosphorylation of VASP during 24 h, and total VASP expression increased rapidly, peaked at 2 h, then recovered at 8h followed by a slow increase again. H89, a cAMP inhibitor could inhibit shear induced VASP expression increase and phosphorylation., Conclusion: VASP is an potential important component which participates in the regulation of cell cytoskeleton reorganization and morphology modification induced by shear flow via a cAMP/cAK pathway.

Ligament injury always has an unsatisfied outcome because of the poor blood supply and scar tissue formation. This may result in severe joint dysfunction. Tissue engineering, as a most prospective field, may provide an effective approach for the treatment of ligament injury. This paper has reviewed some recently published articles focusing on the sources of seed cells in ligament tissue engineering, application of growth factors, screening of scaffold materials with specific mechanical and biodegradable properties, and interaction between cells and scaffold materials. At present, what should be extensively studied are scaffolds with specific mechanical and biodegradable properties, and bioreactors providing three-dimensional culture microenvironment mimic in vivo.

Background: To evaluate the benefits of three methods of extracorporeal vein bypass from superior vena cava (SVC) to femoral vein during lobectomy and SVC graft in patients with lung cancer., Methods: Fifty-five cases selected from the patients with lung cancer who had undergone lobectomy combined with SVC graft by sortilege were divided into 3 groups: blood discarding group ( n =20), blood drainage group ( n =20) and extracorporeal bypass group ( n =15). The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and SVC pressure were continuously monitored during the SVC graft. Hemoglobin (Hb) was measured before and during the SVC clamping and after the SVC off clamping., Results: During SVC clamping, the patients in extracorporeal bypass group had a significantly lower SVC pressure than blood discarding group and blood drainage group, and there were significant decreases in MAP and Hb and increase in blood loss in blood discarding group than the other two groups. All the patients underwent a smooth operation and safely returned to intensive care unit. None of them involved any neurologically injured signs and symptoms., Conclusions: Extracorporeal SVC bypass can maintain a very stable hemodynamics and low SVCP during SVC resection and artificial vessel graft, which is an avail of brain perfusion and blood saving.

Background: To introduce the experience of anaesthesia management of lobectomy combined with resection and reconstruction of superior vena cava (SVC) with graft in the treatment of lung cancer patients with superior vena cava syndrome., Methods: Under intubation and general anaesthesia, lobectomy combined with resection and reconstruction of superior vena cava with graft was carried out in 18 lung cancer patients with superior vena cava syndrom., Results: The anaesthesia was very stable and operation was smooth in all patients. All of the patients safely returned to intensive care unit. No symptom and sign of nervous system damage was found after anaesthesia consciousness in all patients., Conclusions: The key of anaesthesia management is to maintain a stable hemodynamics and to decrease the pressure of superior vena cava, which is the key point of brain protection.

To investigate the effects of physiological shear stress on the vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) location and expression changes associated with actin remodeling, we isolated and cultured human umbilical endothelial cells(HUVECs) with trypsin digestion. A parallel-plated flow chamber device was used to create laminar shear stress in vitro. The distributions of VASP and microfilaments in cells were observed by double staining with Alexa488 and rhodamine-phalloidin. Changes of VASP expression and phosphorylation were analyzed quantitatively with Western blot before and after exposure to shear flow for different times. We found that, under a shear stress of 10 dyn/cm2, HUVECs were elongated and oriented gradually to the flow direction. Microfilaments were recruited and oriented also to the flow direction with thicker VASP, specially targeted to their extremities. Western blotting data showed a rapid phosphorylation of VASP, and an increase of total VASP expression which peaked at 2 h (2 folds), then recovered until 8 h, followed by a slow increase again. These results suggest that VASP is a potential component which participates in the regulation of cell actin remodelling induced by shear flow.

The adhesion of leukocytes to substrate is an important biomedical engineering problem and has drawn extensive research. In this study, we have proposed a compound drop model to simulate a leukocyte with a nucleus adhered to the surface of a blood vessel under steady shear flow. A two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is conducted to determine the local distribution of pressure on the surface of the adherent model cell. By introducing the parameter of deformation index (DI), we have investigated the deformation of the model cell and it's nucleus under controlled conditions. Our numerical results show that: (1) the model cell is capable of deformation with the increase of initial contact angle, capillary number, and Reynolds number, and that the cytoplasm is more deformable while the nucleus is more capable of resisting external imposed shear flow; (2) the model cell is not able to deform infinitely with the increase of external shear flow because the deformation index reaches a maximum; (3) pressure distribution confirms that there exists a region downstream of the cell, which produces high pressure to retard continuous deformation and provide a positive lift force on the cell. Our results of nucleus deformation may help to develop a better understanding of how leukocytes transduce external mechanical signal like shear stress into nucleus.

The coupling between the endothelium and blood flow is an important biomedical problem and has drawn extensive research. Endothelial cells are known to adapt their shapes and functions in response to applied shear flow. Shear Stress being regarded as a primary triggering signal for cellular remodeling, it is important to understand the interaction mechanism between applied shear flow and endothelial cells. In present study we have established a theoretical model to simulate the coupling between the deformation of an endothelial cell and applied shear flow. A two dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) is conducted to determine the local distributions of mechanical stress and pressure on cell surface. Our results show that: (1) the deformation of endothelial cell changes with alpha (corresponding to the shear stress imposed on cell surface by flow fluid). When alpha is greater than 0.021, the cell deformability increases greatly; (2) the distributions of stress and pressure on cell surface are not uniform, but the maximal shear stress and displacement are always at the top point of the cell. Meanwhile, we have measured the deformation of cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) exposed to shear flow by using a flow chamber. We found that the numerical results are well consistent with those of experiment. These results suggest that the non-uniformity distributions of mechanical stress and pressure on cell surface may play a particular role in the mechanism of cell activation and in the regulation of endothelial cells functions (modification of cytoskeleton, distributions of adhesion molecules, etc.). The present study offers a framework to facilitate the development of a comprehensive dynamic model for endothelial cells.

Background & Objective: It was reported that Globo series glycoshingolipids have relationship to many human cancers, and alpha 1, 4-galactosyltransferase(alpha 1, 4Gal-T) oligonucleotide is the specific glycosyltransferase for the synthesis of Globo series glycoshingolipids. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of antisense alpha 1, 4Gal-T oligonucleotide on human gliomas cell line SWO-38., Materials & Methods: SWO-38 glioma cells were reacted with 10 mumol/L antisense alpha 1, 4Gal-T oligonucleotide for 72 hours by means of lipofectin transfection. The growth inhibition was detected by colony-forming unit assay. DNA fragmentation was examined by flow cytometric analysis(FCM) and agarose gel eletrophoresis. The expressions of fas, p53, bax, and bcl-2 protein were determined by flow cytometric analysis (FCM)., Results: Antisense alpha 1, 4Gal-T oligonucleotide signifantly inhibited cell growth (P < 0.01), induced the apoptosis (P < 0.05), downregulated expression of bcl-2 protein (P < 0.01) and upregulated expressions of fas and bax protein (P < 0.01), but did not influence p53 expression in glioma cell line SWO-38., Conclusions: Antisense alpha 1, 4Gal-T oligonucleotide can significantly inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in human gliomas cell line SWO-38, which maybe due to the interactions of fas, bax, and bcl-2.

Objective: To study the effects of alpha1,4Gal T antisense oligonucleotide mediated by lipofectin on human glioma cell line SWO-38., Methods: SWO38 glioma cells were exposed to 10 micromol/L alpha1,4Gal T antisense oligonucleotide for 72 h by means of lipofectin transfection, and the growth inhibition of the cells was detected by colony-forming unit assay. Analysis of DNA fragmentation was performed with flow cytometry (FCM) and agarose gel eletrophoresis with Fas protein expression determined by FCM., Results: alpha1,4Gal T antisense oligonucleotide significantly inhibited the growth of glioma cells (P<0.01) and induced apoptosis in SWO-38 cells (P<0.05). Marked up-regulation of Fas protein expression was observed in response to the treatment (P<0.01)., Conclusion: alpha1,4Gal T antisense oligonucleotide can significantly inhibit SWO-38 cell proliferation and induce cellular apoptosis, the mechanism of which may involve up-regulated Fas expression.