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Objective To explore the role and molecular mechanism of Lnc-BM in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer (GC). Methods GC tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues of 36 GC patients were collected, and the expression of Lnc-BM was detected by RT-qPCR. Colony formation and CCK-8 assays were used to investigate the proliferation of GC cells. The migration and invasion properties of GC cells were investigated via Transwell assay. RNA pull-down assay was applied to confirm the interaction between FASTK and Lnc-BM. Western blot assay was used to detect FASTK protein level in Lnc-BM overexpressing or knockdown cells. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity and the related proteins expression levels were detected by Seahorse and Western blot assays, respectively. Lnc-BM stably overexpressing GC cells were constructed and then injected subcutaneously into nude mice. The tumor growth was observed. Results Lnc-BM was highly expressed in GC tissues compared with their paired adjacent normal tissues. Lnc-BM overexpression significantly promoted GC cells proliferation migration and invasion, while Lnc-BM knockdown inhibited GC cells proliferation, migration and invasion (P < 0.05). RNA pull-down experiment demonstrated that Lnc-BM can directly bind to FASTK. Western blot results indicated that overexpression of Lnc-BM increased the protein levels of FASTK, while knockdown of Lnc-BM inhibited the expression of FASTK (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, overexpression of Lnc-BM increased the levels of mitochondria associated proteins, such as MT-ND6 and TOM20 (P < 0.05). Seahorse results indicated that overexpression of Lnc-BM enhanced mitochondrial respiratory capacity (P < 0.05). Knocking down FASTK in Lnc-BM stably overexpressing cells can reverse the increase in mitochondrial respiratory capacity caused by Lnc-BM overexpression (P < 0.05). In vivo, the results of subcutaneously implanted tumor model in nude mouse showed that Lnc-BM overexpression promoted the tumor growth (P < 0.05). Conclusion Lnc-BM promotes GC progression by regulating mitochondrial respiratory function through the FASTK/MT-ND6 axis.

The occurrence of gastric cancer is closely related to environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors. Currently, RNA modification is a research frontier and hotspot in the field of epigenetics. With the advancements in analytical chemistry and high-throughput sequencing technologies, new technologies and methods of exploring RNA modification are constantly being presented. Numerous studies have confirmed the involvement of RNA modifications in the occurrence and development of various diseases. Recent studies have shown that RNA modifications such as m6A, m5C, and ac4C regulate the malignant progression of various tumors, including gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and leukemia. This article systematically reviews the research status and mechanism of different RNA modifications in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, as well as discusses its potential value in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.

Objective: To study the influences of carbon disulfide (CS2) exposure on fatty acid metabolism in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout mice and C57BL/6J mice., Methods: Twenty-four male ApoE knockout mice were randomly and equally divided into four groups: a CS2-exposed normal diet group, a CS2-unexposed normal diet group, a CS2-exposed high-fat diet group, and a CS2-unexposed high-fat diet group. Twenty-four C57BL/6J male mice were divided into four groups in the same way. The CS2-exposed groups were exposed to CS2 (1 g/m(3)) by static inhalation for 5 hours a day, 5 days a week. After two weeks, the whole blood of mice was collected. Methyl ester derivatization of fatty acids was performed using an acid-catalyzed method. Fatty acid contents before and after exposure were compared by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy., Results: There were significant differences in fatty acid contents of mice between the four groups. For the C57BL/6J mice, the arachidic acid contents in the CS2-exposed high-fat diet group were significantly lower than those in the CS2-unexposed high-fat diet group (P = 0.045 0). For the ApoE knockout mice, the arachidonic acid contents in the CS2-exposed normal diet group were significantly lower than those in the CS2-unexposed control diet group (P = 0.045 2). For the ApoE knockout mice, the γ-linolenic acid contents in the CS2-exposed high-fat diet group were significantly higher than those in the unexposed high-fat diet group (P = 0.044 7)., Conclusion: Exposure to CS2 can induce fatty acid metabolism disorder in mice, indicating that CS2 may increase the risk of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases.

Objective: To investigate the effects of carbon disulfide (CS(2)) inhalation on the lipid levels of ApoE knockout gene mice and C57BL/6J mice., Methods: Fifty-one male ApoE gene knockout mice were randomly divided into four groups: CS(2)-exposed normal diet group, CS(2)-unexposed normal diet group, CS(2)-exposed high-fat diet group, and CS(2)-unexposed high-fat diet group. Fifty male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups in the same way. The exposed groups received 1000 mg/m3 CS(2) by static inhalation (5h/d, 5d/w) for four weeks. The weight of each mouse was determined and recorded once a week. On the 14th day of exposure, six mice in each group were randomly selected to measure serum total cholesterol (TC) levels. On the 28th day of exposure, the serum levels of TC and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the remaining mice were measured., Results: The mean weight gain of exposed groups was less than that of the unexposed groups. On the 14th and 28th days of experiment, the TC levels of the CS2-exposed high-fat diet group were significantly higher than those of the CS(2)-unexposed high-fat diet group among ApoE knockout gene mice (P < 0.01 for both). On the 14th day of experiment, the TC levels of the CS(2)-unexposed high-fat diet group were significantly higher than those of the CS(2)-unexposed normal-diet group among C57BL/6J mice group (P < 0.05). On the 28th day of experiment, the LDL levels of the CS(2)-exposed high-fat diet group were significantly higher than those of the CS(2)-unexposed high-fat diet group among ApoE knockout gene mice (P = 0.003)., Conclusion: CS(2) exposure, high-fat diet, and ApoE gene knockout can elevate blood lipids in mice, thus increasing the risk of atherosclerosis.

Human has used maggot to treat diseases for thousands of years. In recent years, with abuse of antibiotic and the rising incidence of antibiotic resistance, maggot therapy, as a surgical alternative, is mainly applied to treat chronic infected wounds on account of its low cost, efficacy and safety. Its mechanisms are disinfection, bio-debridement and enhancement of tissue regeneration. Maggot therapy which serves as a kind of biological therapy is promising. However, living maggot therapy could result in inevitable complications, so that we should apply traditional Chinese medicine theory to investigate and develop new delivery method of maggot. The review summarizes the past and present of maggot therapy.

Objective: To study the recovery method and effect of amputated foot after temporary ectopic implantation., Methods: Two male patients with amputated foot were treated with temporary ectopic implantation in July 2001 and January 2002. Amputated foot was caused by mechanical injury and crush injury. After 6 hours, temporary ectopic implantation of amputated foot was given and replantation was done 3 months after primary operation. The recovery methods were as follows: automatic and passive motion, high pressure oxygen, massage, protective and positional feeling training, etc. The effects of recovery was observed., Results: All amputated foots survived after operation, the time of follow-up was 6 years, and 5 years and 7 months. Extension degree of first metatarsal digital joint was 12 degrees and 15 degrees, flex degree of first metatarsal digital joint was 15 degrees and 13 degrees, and extension degree of other metatarsal digital joints was 8 degrees and 9 degrees. Force degree of extension muscle was 4, force degree of flex muscle was 4, and two-point discrimination was 20 mm and 18 mm. Patients recovered their superficial sensibility, touch sense, deep pain sense and topognosis. The skin color and temperature were normal. And the patients could do some housework., Conclusion: Temporary ectopic implantation of amputated foot can recover the function of amputated foot by motor and sensitive recovery methods.

Objective: To study the influence of maggot secretion on expression of bFGF and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in ulcer tissue of diabetes mellitus (DM) rats and its antibacterial function., Methods: There were 40 3-month-old SD male rats (weighing 300-350 g) which were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group and experimental maggot secretion group. The model of ulcer wound of DM rats was made. The ulcer wound of DM rats in maggot secretion group spread maggot secretions, but no secretion on ulcer wound was found in control group. The morphological and tissue changes of ulcer wound were observed at different times, and the conditions of bacterial infection on ulcer wound in the two groups were checked. Tissue slices were prepared on 7, 14 and 21 days, respectively; immunohistological detection of bFGF and CTFG in ulcer wound of the two groups was done; and the cell number of positive expression of bFGF and CTFG was counted., Results: It was found that the healing of ulcer was dominant in experimental group; the wound was clean; the tissue regenerated and no Staphylococcus aureus infection was seen. Bad healing was obtained in control group; tissue necrosis was found and the rate of Staphylococcus aureus infection was 60%. Positive expression cell number of bFGF in ulcer wound was detected on 7 and 14 days after operation with 23.76 +/- 3.34 and 52.76 +/- 4.84 in experimental group, and 18.88 +/- 2.16 and 46.04 +/- 4.00 in control group. Positive expression cell number of CTGF in ulcer wound was detected on 7 and 14 days after operation with 18.76 +/- 3.24 and 46.52 +/- 4.07 in experimental group, and 12.52 +/- 3.03 and 40.52 +/- 3.96 in control group. There was significant difference between positive expressions of bFGF and CTFG in the two groups (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The maggot secretion can elevate the expressions of bFGF and CTFG in ulcers, promote healing and prevent bacterial infection.

Objective: To study the effect of motor nerve implantation after ectopic transplantation of skeletal muscle on nerve regeneration in rat., Methods: Sixty Sprague-Dewley male 8-monthold rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, in situ implantation group and ectopic transplantation group. In control group, obturator nerve controlling right gracilis was cut off. In in situ implantation group, the right gracilis was cut off and replanted to its original site, and the obturator nerve was implanted to the muscle. In ectopic transplantation group, the right gracilis was cut off and transplanted to the muscle of the left leg, and the obturator nerve was implanted to the muscle. After 25 weeks, the neurophysiological information was collected through electromyography and the weight of the muscle was measured., Results: The potential without control of the nerve existed in control group. There were no significant differences in latency, amplitude and conduct velocity between in situ implantation group and ectopic transplantation group (P > 0.05). The atrophy of gracilis was dominant in control group, the weight of the muscle was 158.0 +/- 19.3 mg. The weights of the muscle were 509.6 +/- 14.5 mg in ectopic transplantation group and 516.8 +/- 12.7 mg in in situ implantation group, showing no significant difference (P > 0.05). The weights of the muscle in in situ implantation and ectopic transplantation group were larger than that in control group, showing significant difference (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Motor nerve implantation after ectopic transplantation of skeletal muscle could prevent the atrophy of the muscle and resume partial function of nerve.

A long-term experiment was conducted on a black soil of Northeast China to study the effects of applying chemical fertilizers and recycled organic manure (ROM) on the changes of soil organic carbon and its fractions. The results showed that from 1985 to 2004, soil total organic carbon (TOC) decreased by 7.83% in control,4.56% in N application, 1.61% in N + P application, and 5.56% in ROM application, but increased by 0.33% in N + P + K application. Comparing with single application of ROM, its application with chemical fertilizers, i. e., N + ROM, N + P + ROM, and N + P + K + ROM, increased the TOC concentration by 0.35%, 1.05% and 0.64%, respectively. The readily oxidized carbon (ROC) in fertilization treatments was increased by 8.64% to approximately 28.4%, and the increment was higher in treatments of chemical fertilizers plus ROM than in treatments of chemical fertilizers. The ROC was significantly correlated with soil TOC (Y = 14.192X + 23.9, R2 = 0.802) and stalk yields (Y = 19032X - 7950.6, R2 = 0.759). Light fraction organic carbon (LF-C) had the same trends with ROC. After 20 years fertilization, the organic carbon in soil humic acid and fulvic acid was decreased by 1.64% to approximately 26.23% and 2.33% to approximately 28.68%, respectively, but in treatments of chemical fertilizers plus ROM, the decreasing trend was slowed down.

Taking the N application rate, method and main varieties applied in paddy field of black soil in Northeast China as the parameters, a micro-plot tracer isotope trial and a normal urea plot trial were conducted for two years to study the fate of fertilizer nitrogen in paddy field. The results showed that 22.2%-46.1% of applied chemical fertilizer nitrogen was absorbed and remained in the paddy plant, and averaged 37.68%. About 12.7% to 25.4% of applied N during the same year was remained in the soil. The determined nitrogen losses rate through ammonia volatilization in a closed chamber system was 19.0%-44.2%. The use efficiency of chemical fertilizer N was influenced by the application method. Higher use efficiency would be obtained with deeper or mixing application method. The amount of nitrogen remained in soil were related to the application method, and the remained rate was increased with the amount and application depth increasing. The experiment with 15N showed that no 15N residue was detected below 80 cm in depth, which was because the heavy texture of the black soil. The results of the tracer isotope trial and the plot experiments showed that there was a rough balance between the amount of residual nitrogen in soil and the priming effect from chemical fertilizer nitrogen.

The nutrient budget of fertilization models under different treatments was calculated using data from a field experiment over the period of 1985-1999. The results indicated that application of nitrogen fertilizer accelerated a large deficit of soil phosphorus, and the use of nitrogen and phosphorus accelerated the deficit of potassium. The experimental data demonstrated the appearance of a large area of soil deficit of phosphorus from 1970s and of potassium from 1980s in China. Nutrient recycled in farming system improved soil nutrient budget, but could not meet the nutrient requirements from high-yield crops. The use of recycled nutrients with an appropriate use of fertilizers according to the soil fertility could produce higher crop yields, balance soil nutrient budget, and not cause surplus nutrients to emit into environment.