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In this paper, the vehicle energy flow test of a heavy hybrid commercial vehicle is carried out on the chassis dynamometer with an ambient chamber under the C-WTVC test cycle. Energy flow characteristics, driving modes, the power system and key component working status and efficiency of the vehicle are studied. The test results show that the energy used to drive the vehicle accounts for 30.99% of the total energy. Heat transfer loss of the radiator and the motor cooling loop accounts for 8. 89% and 2.6% of the total energy respectively. The remainder loss accounts for 50.67% of the total energy which includes engine pump gas loss, friction loss, combustion loss and exhaust enthalpy increase. In the driving mode, pure electric drive, parallel drive, drive power generation and the energy recovery mode account for 9.1%, 29.56%, 18.51% and 23.61% of the total cycle time respectively. The recovery efficiency of braking energy is 81.95%. There are about 65% of the engine working points located below 200 g/ (kW ⋅ h) areas, and the thermal efficiency of the engine is 36.81% during the whole test cycle. About 24% of the motor working points are located in areas with a mechanical efficiency exceeding 94%. About 53% of the motor working points are located in areas with a mechanical efficiency below 92%, which mainly appear when the motor is driven by the engine to generate electricity or recover energy. This study provides guidance for improving the energy efficiency of hybrid commercial electric vehicles, and the following research can be focused on reduction of engine remainder loss and optimization of engines and motor working points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the modern social background of strengthening the nation and its people, woman's health got the attention of Chinese and became one important part in the modernization progress of state and nation, they started the work of women's health education, publicized women's health knowledge and nursery methods through many ways and carried out midwifery education.In the name of "health", woman's body gradually be socialized and internationalized. Meanwhile, Chinese women also gradually got rid of their own discipline of the state and society, began to seek their own liberation, became one important part of China's modernization.

Objective: To investigate the effect of IL-12 on IFN-gamma and IL-10 production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in chronic hepatitis B virus infection patients during IFN-alpha treatment., Methods: Before and after IFN-alpha treatment of 3 months and 6 months, PBMC of 20 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection were collected and cultured in vitro in the culture fluid containing PHA (100 microg/ml), HBcAg (1 microg/ml), or HBeAg (1 microg/ml) for 48 h under the condition of the presence or absence of IL-12 (10 ng/ml). Then the levels of IFN-gamma and IL-10 were determined by ELISA., Results: There were 12 responders and 8 nonresponders to IFN-alpha treatment. In the responders, the enhancing effect of IL-12 on IFN-gamma production was significantly greater after IFN-alpha treatment than before the treatment. The production of IL-10 was suppressed in the presence of IL-12 after 3 months and 6 months of IFN-alpha treatment. In the same treatment time, the level of IFN-gamma in the presence of IL-12 was significantly higher than that in the absence of IL-12. To the nonresponders, the enhancing effect of IL-12 on IFN-gamma production was also significantly increased after IFN-alpha treatment. Moreover, in the same treatment time, the level of IFN-gamma in the presence of IL-12 was significantly higher than that in the absence of IL-12., Conclusions: The enhancing effect of IL-12 on IFN-gamma production of PBMC in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection is increased during IFN-alpha treatment. IFN-alpha and IL-12 may enhance the efficacy for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.