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Objective: To investigate the velvet antler polypeptide (VAP) on sciatic nerve regeneration in rats through local administration and VAP-PLGA compound membrane., Methods: The 3, 15 mg/g of VAP-PLGA compound membrane were prepared by compounding VAP and PLGA, respectively. Seventy-two Wistar rats, male or female, aged 3-6 months and weighing (250 +/- 50) g, were selected to make the model of sciatic nerve section. Then, all rats were randomized into 4 groups (n = 18): group A in which nothing was given after anastomosis, group B in which 1 mL of VAP at the concentration of 10 mg/L was injected into the gastrocnemius muscle medial for every other day, group C in which 3 mg/g of VAP-PLGA compound membrane was given to the nerve anastomotic stoma and group D in which 15 mg/g of VAP-PLGA compound membrane was given to the nerve anastomotic stoma. The sciatic adhesion degree observation, electrophysiological examination, immunohistochemical staining and hemi-quantity calculation and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde tracing were conducted 2, 4 and 6 weeks after operation, respectively., Results: All rats survived to the end of the experiment, without foot ulcer or neuroma. Severer nervous adherence was observed in group A, mild adherence in group B, and no adherence in groups C and D 2, 4 and 6 weeks after operation, respectively. The recovery rate of the evoked potential of triceps surae in groups B, C and D was better than that in group A (P < 0.01), group D was superior to groups B and C (P < 0.05) at each time point. No significant difference between group B and group C (P > 0.05) 2, 4 weeks after operation was detected, but group C was superior to group B (P < 0.05) 6 weeks after operation. For the regenerative fiber axon and the expression of myelin sheath TGF-P1 and IGF antigen, the staining intensity in groups B, C and D was higher than that in group A at each time point (P < 0.05), and there were significant differences between group D and groups B and C 6 weeks after operation (P < 0.05), but no difference between groups B and C (P > 0.05). The HRP retrograde tracing showed that the myelinated nerve fiber stained by HRP gradually increased as time passed by and myelinated nerve fiber stained by HRP in groups B, C and D was much more than that in group A, and group D was superior to the other groups. No significant difference between group B and group C was detected., Conclusion: To apply VAP through either local administration or VAP-PLGA compound membrane around the attached site of nerve anastomosis is capable of promoting nerve regeneration, which has an obvious dose-effect relationship with the dose of VAP. Meanwhile, VAP-PLGA compound membrane can prevent the nerve adhesion.

Objective: To demonstrate the anatomical and biomechanical basis of scaphoid ring sign in advanced Kienbock's disease., Methods: The study consisted of two sections. The ligaments stabilizing the proximal pole of the scaphoid were observed in 5 specimens. Under 12 kg dead weight load through the tendons of the flexion carpal radial, the flexion carpal ulnar, the extension carpal radial, and the extension carpal ulnar for 5 minutes, the stresses of the scaphoid fossa and lunate fossa were measured in the case of neutral, flexion, extension, radial deviation and ulnar deviation of the wrist joint under normal and rupture conditions respectively by FUJI prescale film and FPD-305E,306E., Results: Based on anatomical study, the ligaments stabilizing the proximal pole of the scaphoid consisted of the radioscaphocapitate ligament, long radiolunate ligament and scapholunate interosseous ligament; and the latter two ligaments restricted dorsal subluxation of the proximal pole of the scaphoid. When compared rupture condition with normal condition, the scaphoid fassa stress of radial subregion was not significantly different (0.90 +/- 0. 43 vs 0.85 +/- 0.15), and the ones of palmar, ulnar and dorsal subregions decreased (0.59 +/- 0.20, 0.52 +/- 0.05 and 0.58 +/- 0. 23 vs 0.77 +/- 0.13, 0.75 +/- 0.08 and 0.68 +/- 0.09) in the case of extension; the scaphoid fassa stresses of all subregions increased or had no difference in the case of neural, flexion, radial deviation and ulnar deviation. The lunate fossa stresses of all subregions increased in the case of neural, and the ones of all subregions decreased or had no difference in the case of flexion, extension, radial deviation and ulnar deviation., Conclusion: Rotary scaphoid subluxation should be treated operatively at III B stage of Kienbock's disease to avoid traumatic arthritis of the radioscaphoid joint.

Background: To investigate the relationship among the CT appearances, the dynamic CT enhancement and the microvessel density (MVD) of peripheral lung cancer., Methods: Thirty-three patients with peripheral lung cancer proved by surgery and pathology underwent enhancement dynamic CT scan before operation, including 14 squamous cell carcinoma and 19 adenocarcinoma. The MVD was measured in resected tumor specimens with immunohistochemical method of LSAB., Results: The MVD value of adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that of squamous cell carcinoma (63.4±11.9 versus 50.2±16.3, P < 0.05). The MVD values were higher in junction zone and interstitial areas than those in parenchymal areas, necrotic zones and scar areas of tumors. There were significant relationships among the MVD value and diameter of tumor, lobulation sign, vessel convergence sign, pleural retraction sign and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05 ). The mean enhanced CT values was (43.4±11.8) HU in adenocarcinomas, and (34.6±10.7) HU in squamous cell carcinomas (P < 0.05). The CT values of both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma had positive correlations to their corresponding MVD values (r=0.719, P < 0.01;r=0.819, P < 0.01)., Conclusions: The CT appearances and the enhanced CT values of peripheral lung carcinomas are closely related to their MVD values, which might be an indicator to identify the histological classification and to predict the malignant degree of tumor.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the fracture strengths of custom-fabricated Celay all-ceramic post-core, custom cast metal post-core, and prefabricated stainless steel post (Parapost) plus composite resin core with or without a 2.0 mm dentine ferrule., Methods: A total of 60 recently extracted human maxillary central incisors were endodontically treated and divided into five groups of 12. They were given the following treatments: Group A: Celay ceramic post-core with 2.0 mm dentine ferrule, Group B: Celay ceramic post-core with no dentine ferrule, Group C: cast metal post-core with 2.0 mm dentine ferrule, Group D: cast metal post-core with no dentine ferrule, and Group E: prefabricated post and composite core with 2.0 mm dentine ferrule. All specimens were stored at 100% humidity at room temperature for 30 days before testing. Each specimen was in a special jig at a 45 degrees angle to the long axis and subjected to a load on MTS 810 universal material testing machine until failure, with crosshead speed of 0.02 cm/min. Analysis of variance followed by the Newman-Keuls pairwise multiple comparison test was used to compare the results of the groups tested., Results: There was a statistically significant difference between five groups (P < 0.01). Celay ceramic post-core with 2.0 mm dentine ferrule (758.35 N +/- 119.26 N) and cast metal post-core with 2.0 mm dentine ferrule (756.63 N +/- 166.22 N) had a significantly larger mean failure threshold for fracture than the other three groups which had no significant difference between each other. There was a statistically significant difference between the fracture resistance of Celay post-core restored teeth with and without 2.0 mm dentine ferrule., Conclusion: The custom-fabricated Celay post-core could be a choice for clinical use in endodontically treated tooth when the final restoration is an all-ceramic crown and the preparation has a 2.0 mm dentine ferrule.