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For obtaining a thick ceramic coating with good film-forming and wear resistance, a new type of composite electrolyte was composed of sodium phosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate as the basic electrolytes, while sodium tungstate and sodium tetraborate were added as additives. In this composite electrolyte system, micro-arc oxidation treatment was performed on 1060 aluminum alloy. Using the coating thickness and surface porosity as optimization indicators, the electrolyte formula was optimized using the L9(34) orthogonal test. Meanwhile, the microstructure, surface porosity, phase composition, thickness, microhardness and wear resistance of ceramic coatings prepared under this electrolyte formula were studied systematically. Results showed that the ceramic coating prepared with a formula of Na3PO4 concentration of 32.0 g/L, Na2B4O7 concentration of 16.0 g/L, Na2WO4 concentration of 4.5 g/L and(NaPO3)6 concentration of 30.0 g/L had the structure with uniform micropores and dense film layer, the thickness of 22.8 μm, the porosity of 3.86%, and the microhardness of 475 HV. Furthermore, the wear resistance of the coating was significantly improved compared to the substrate, and the ceramic coating were mainly composed of γ-Al2O3 and a small amount of α-Al2O3 composition.

Objective To explore the effect of esculin on the biological behavior of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and its possible mechanism. Methods Different concentrations of esculin were used to treat human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells HNE-3, si-NC, si-circ-ZNF609 were transfected into HNE-3 cells, pcDNA, pcDNA-circ-ZNF609 were respectively transfected into HNE-3 cells and then treated with esculin. CCK-8 experiment was used to detect cell proliferation. Intracellular glucose uptake levels and lactate levels were tested using kits. The activity of pyruvate kinase and hexokinase was tested using an enzyme activity kit. The Transwell chamber test was used to find cell migration and invasion. RT-qPCR method was used to detect the expression of circ-ZNF609. Protein expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was calculated by Western blot. Results Esculin could reduce cell survival rate and the protein levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 in a concentration-dependent manner (P＜0.001), could reduce glucose uptake and lactate levels (P＜0.001), and may reduce pyruvate kinase and the activity of hexose kinase (P＜0.001), could also reduce the number of migrating and invading cells (P＜0.001). Esculin could reduce the expression of circ-ZNF609 (P＜0.001), and it was dose-dependent. After transfection with si-circ-ZNF609, the cell survival rate and the protein levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 were decreased (P＜0.001), glucose uptake and lactate levels were decreased(P＜0.001). The activity of pyruvate kinase and hexokinase and the number of migrating and invasive cells were all decreased (P＜0.001). Transfection of pcDNA-circ-ZNF609 may restore the inhibitory effects of esculin on the proliferation, glycolysis, migration and invasion of HNE-3 cells. Conclusions Esculin could inhibit cell proliferation, glycolysis, migration and invasion in HNE-3 cells by regulating the expression of circ-ZNF609.

The screening and identification of functional genes is a key step to deeply understand various biological phenotypes. Forward genetics including traditional genetics, genome-wide association analysis, the comparison of gene expression profiles and bioinformatics, and reverse genetics including cDNA library, RNA interference, CRISPR-Cas9 technology, insertion mutation as well as model organisms have been applied to screening functional genes. Different methods have their own advantages and disadvantages and technology combination to screen and to identify functional genes is a good choice of strategy.

Currently, machine learning-based detectors are widely used to handle millions of Android malware, but they often suffer from poor anti-adversarial attack abilities. The research on the adversarial examples generation method of malware is helpful to promote the development of the field of malware detection. The adversarial examples generation technology in the black-box scenario is more in line with the real environment, but the effect is not good compared with the white-box scenario. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a black box malware adversarial examples generation method based on SNGAN, migrating the SNGAN approach to the malware domain from the image domain, adversarial examples are generated by the network of generator and replace detector iterative training, the training process is stabilized by spectral normalization. The proposed method can cheat the machine learning detectors by adding disturbance to the existing malware. Experimental results show that our method can avoid detection effectively from a variety of machine learning classifiers, and the feasibility and portability of the method are verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking Chinese fir wood from plantation as the research object, three technological parameters including hot-pressing temperature (160, 180, 200 °C), hot-pressing time (20, 30, 40 min) and compression ratio (30%, 40%, 50%) were selected, and the compression densification modification test of Chinese fir was carried out by using the full factor experimental design. Based on the mechanical properties, microscopic morphology and crystallinity of wood, the effects of different processing parameters on wood properties were analyzed, and the densification process parameters of Chinese fir wood were optimized. The results showed that the properties of the densified wood prepared by Chinese fir were better under the technological conditions of hot pressing temperature of 180 °C, compression ratio of 50%, and pressing time of 40 min. The flexural strength, flexural modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, and hardness of the densified Chinese fir were 130.4 MPa, 12 338 MPa, 113.1 MPa and 1 631 N respectively, which increased by 112%, 113%, 44%, and 55% compared to the untreated wood. The scanning electron microscope observation showed that almost all the early wood cells were crushed, and there were regular folds along the direction of the wood ray, while some of the late wood cells were crushed, and most of them kept the original cavity structure. The hardness and elastic modulus of the cell wall of the densified wood were 16.7% and 45.7% higher than that of the untreated wood. The crystallinity of wood after compression treatment increased. The crystallinity of cellulose in the untreated wood and compressed Chinese fir was 46% and 53%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a representative MAC for wireless sensor networks, low power listening（LPL） used a long preamble in each transmission and caused significant overhearing cost in a dense deployment.To save such cost, a new MAC protocol-smart low power listening（SLPL） was proposed by embedding destination address and preamble index into the ordinary preamble.Both the theoretical analysis and the deployment test show that SLPL outperforms LPL in power efficiency.The test also shows that SLPL saves more power than X-MAC.

A TCP-compatible reliable transmission protocol for spatial information networks SIN（i.e.,STP） was pro-posed.Compared with TCP,STP improves the transmission capability via enhanced algorithms of slow start,congestion avoidance,fast retransmission and recovery.Experiments validate the considerable performance improvements of STP against TCP and prove its adaptability in SIN.

Tannic acid is a kind of plant polyphenol compound, which widely exists in roots, stems and leaves of plants. Hydrolyzed tannic acid has many biological functions, such as anti-diarrhea, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, bacteriostasis, etc. It plays an important role in maintaining animal intestinal health and improving animal growth performance. The paper summarizes the physicochemical properties, biological functions and application of hydrolyzed tannic acid in animal husbandry, to provide reference for its rational application in animal husbandry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hybrid optical burst switching （HOBS） was proposed, and investigate the HOBS based a ring topology with numerical simulation. Results indicate that the packet lost ratio in HOBS is much less than that in OBS, and its performance depends on some parameters such as the packet proportion, the electronic buffer size and the processing speed in node.

The causes of water eutrophication and various common remediation methods, such as physical remediation' chemical remediation; bioremediation and compound remediation; were reviewed. The effects of different remediation methods on the treatment of N; P and other pollution factors in eutrophication of water bodies were analyzed; and the advantages and disadvantages of various remediation techniques were summarized. Based on the research progress of water eutrophication remediation technology; it is pointed out that bioremediation and composite remediation should be the main remediation technology, and physical and chemical remediation should be the supplementary remediation technology,and it is suggested that the combination of remediation technology and space technology can more effectively remediation and monitoring of water eutrophication pollution. In addition; remediation technologies such as algae-microbial fuel cells, which only control phosphorus but not nitrogen; have low cost and ideal effect, and are worthy of further study and application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In CSC, enterprises respond to changing market demands through dynamic matching and selection of all kinds of enterprise service resources. However, the non-equalization phenomenon is common in enterprise service matching, which not only results in a waste of service resources, but also reduces the satisfaction degree of customer needs. As a result, how to achieve the equalization based matching between enterprise services and customer demands has become a serious challenge in the field. To solve this problem, we first design an equalization based Quality of Service(QoS)model according to the operational characteristics of enterprise services. Then a complete equalization oriented service selection process is constructed, which can eliminate the non-equation phenomenon in service selection by means of adjusting the equalization based QoS model. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the equalization based service selection method, which can improve the service utilization rate effectively without reducing the QoS of the selected services or increasing the time cost too much. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the role of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in vitro cultured rat cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by observing the proliferation and contraction protein expression of VSMCs. Methods Male or female SD rats weighing 150 g were killed by blood loss. After infusion with saline, the circle of Willis artery and its branches were harvested and primary VSMCs were cultured. Then in vitro model of SAH was established by exposure to oxyhemoglobin of 10-6 mol/L. Then the cells were treated with NPY or BIB03304 (a commonly used blocker of NPY receptor), or NPY + BIB03304. After culturing 1,3,5 and 7 days, immunofluorescence was used to measure the expression of α-actin. IPP software was used to measure the fluorescence intenty and SPSS16.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. Results VSMCs were successfully cutured whli digettion method. The fifth generation of visible cells showed a typical "valley-peak"-like growth. In NPY and NPY + SAH groups, 3-day cell intervention significantly increased the fluorescence intensity of α-actin (P<0. 05), while BIBO 3304 treatment reduced the expression of α-actin, the intensity of which was as weak as that of the blank group (P>0.05). Conclusion NPY increases α-actin expression in VSMCs while BIBO 3304 blocks the up-regulation of α-acin by NPY. NPY plays an important role in delayed cerebral vasospasm after SAH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To clarify the effect of cortical spreading depression (CSD) on cortical cerebral blood flow and apoptosis following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats. Methods SAH was induced in male Wistar rats by autologous blood injection into the cisterna magna and CSD was induced in rats with KCl. The cortical blood flow was measured by laser Doppler flowmeter and apoptosis were detected by TUNEL staining. Results In SAH groups the cortical cerebral blood flow was significantly reduced and cortical cell apoptosis was increased compared with those in blank and normal saline groups. After CSD, the cortical cerebral blood flow and apoptosis in SAH groups were more obvious than in blank and normal saline groups. Conclusion CSD can reduce cortical cerebral blood flow and aggravate apoptosis after SAH. It may be one of the mechanisms of delayed ischemic neurologic deficit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brown carbon (BrC) refers to a group of organic compounds in fine atmospheric particles (PM 2.5 ) that are able to absorb light in the ultraviolet and visible range. They have a significant impact on the visibility of air and on the earth's climate. In this study, we used a black carbon analyzer (Model AE33) to conduct field measurements in northern suburban Nanjing from March 2021 to February 2022. We measured the light absorption coefficients of BrC in PM 2.5 and quantified the contributions of primary (BrC pri ) and secondary brown carbon (BrC sec ) in BrC by using the minimum correlation method (MRS), combined with the backward trajectories,potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis, and diurnal patterns to analyze the seasonal characteristics of BrC. The results showed that the annual average light absorption of BrC was(7.76±7.17)Mm -1 (at 370 nm), and its contribution to the total aerosol light absorption was (22.0±8.8)%. BrC light absorption at different wavelengths all showed a U-shape seasonal variation of high in spring and winter and low in summer and fall. MRS analysis showed that the annual average contributions of BrC pri and BrC sec were (62.9±21.4)% and (37.1±21.4)% (at 370 nm), respectively; however, the contribution of BrC sec increased with the increase in wavelength, and it became dominant in longer wavelengths such as 660 nm. Backward trajectory and PSCF analysis showed that BrC was heavily influenced by air masses from the sea in spring, summer, and fall but was influenced greatly by local and regional continental emissions in winter. Traffic emissions in spring, summer, and fall were more intense to contribute to BrC pri than that in winter, whereas coal and biomass combustion had a greater impact on BrC pri in winter. Detailed analysis revealed that gas-phase photochemistry and aqueous chemistry had different influences on BrC sec formation in different seasons. It was mainly from gas-phase photochemistry in summer but was dominated by aqueous process in winter; both processes, however, were important pathways to BrC sec in spring and fall.

Objective: To study the clinical manifestations and treatment of intervertebral space infection after percutaneous lumbar radiofrequency ablation of nucleus pulposus., Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of 496 patients who underwent percutaneous lumbar disc decompression using low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation nucleus pulposus from June 2009 to June 2019. Six patients had lumbar infection, and the infection rate was 1.21%. All patients were male, ranging in age from 20 to 61 years old. Three patients underwent single segment radiofrequency ablation, two patients underwent dual segments ablation;and one patient underwent three segment ablation, totaling 10 intervertebral discs. One patient was complicated with type 2 diabetes before operation. The interval between infection occurrence ranged from 21 to 65 days., Results: All 6 patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 18 to 40 months, with an average of 24 months. Among them, 2 patients presented with symptoms of low back pain accompanied by fever, and imaging examination showed intervertebral space infection accompanied by abscess. In addition, 4 patients experienced low back pain but no fever, and MRI showed abnormal signals of the infected intervertebral endplate or vertebral body. One patient showed staphylococcus aureus in blood culture, while the remaining 5 patients showed negative bacterial culture. All the patients were treated with antibiotics after diagnosis. Four patients were treated with conservative management to control infection;1 patient was treated with debridement of posterior lumbar infection focus, and 1 patient was treated with debridement of posterior lumbar infection focus combined with interbody fusion and internal fixation., Conclusion: The occurrence of intervertebral space infection during lumbar radiofrequency ablation nucleoplasty should be given sufficient attention. Strict aseptic technique, avoiding repeated multi segment puncture, realizing early detection and treatment, and selecting appropriate treatment methods according to the severity of infection is the guarantee of achieving curative effect.

Global climate change has significantly changed precipitation patterns. Soil respiration (SR), as an important pathway through which CO 2 is released from the soil carbon pool into the atmosphere, may affect the carbon cycle process of terrestrial ecosystems and have a feedback effect on global climate change in response to precipitation change. However, at present there is limited understanding of how SR is affected by precipitation change. Field precipitation control experiments were conducted (with -40%, -20%, natural, 20%, and 40% precipitation) on desert grassland in the west of the Loess Plateau, to investigate the influence of precipitation change on SR dynamics and its relationship with soil water content, soil temperature, aboveground biomass, soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, carbon-nitrogen ratio, and other factors. The results show that the diurnal variations of SR under different precipitation treatments were consistent in unimodal and bimodal models over three years. SR showed an increasing trend with added precipitation, relative to the control, and significant differences were observed between the second year (wetter) and the third year (drier) of the precipitation-manipulation experiment, indicating that precipitation changes had a legacy effect on SR. At the same time, SR was lowest under the -40% treatment and highest under the 40% treatment during the wetter year. The negative response of SR to precipitation exclusion treatments was stronger than the positive response to precipitation addition treatments. SR in drier years was significantly higher under precipitation addition treatments than the control, and the positive response of SR to increased precipitation treatment was significantly stronger than that under decreased precipitation treatment. In addition, soil water content, aboveground biomass, soil organic carbon, and carbon-nitrogen ratio were the environmental factors that obviously affected SR and increased with additional precipitation. SR increased with increases in soil water content, aboveground biomass, soil organic carbon, and carbon-nitrogen ratio, but decreased with increases in microbial biomass carbon. Among these factors, soil water content had the highest interpretation rate for SR, indicating that soil water content was the main environmental factor controlling SR in desert grassland. In both wetter and drier years, the amplitude of plant biomass input was lower than the amplitude of SR output under precipitation change, indicating that precipitation change may be unfavorable to soil carbon sequestration, especially in drier years, when precipitation change has a stronger influence on carbon pool output. Therefore, precipitation changes on SR in desert grassland in various dry and wet years may have different influences on the carbon cycle process of ecosystems, thus providing a reference for regional carbon budget assessment.

Studying the influence of precipitation patterns on plant community diversity, soil C:N:P ecological stoichiometric characteristics, and the relationships between key soil factors and plant community diversity is of great significance for the protection of plant community diversity in desert grasslands. This paper was studied in the desert steppe of the west of Loess Plateau using a three-year precipitation manipulation experiment (40% reduction in precipitation, 20% reduction in precipitation, natural precipitation, 20% increase in precipitation, and 40% increase in precipitation), explored the influence of changes in precipitation in dry and wet years on the diversity of plant community and soil C:N:P ecological stoichiometric characteristics. And we also explored the relationship between soil C:N:P ecological stoichiometric characteristics and the key soil factors and the diversity of plant community under changes in precipitation. The results showed that in a normal year and the drier year (2013 and 2015), Patrick richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were significantly low under the 20% reduction treatment compared with the control and 40% increase treatments, respectively. During the wetter year, Patrick richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were no different between any of the precipitation treatments. In the normal year and the drier year, the soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) contents and the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C:N), carbon-phosphorus ratio (C:P), and nitrogen-phosphorus ratio (N:P) all decreased with an increase in precipitation (the decrease in the C:N ratio was statistically significant). During the wetter year, SOC, TN, C:P, and N:P increased with an increase in precipitation. During the normal year, precipitation treatments had no significant influence on soil water content, having a limited influence on the plant community. TN, N:P, SOC, C:N, and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) had a more prominent influence on plant community diversity. In the wetter year, precipitation was abundant leading to a rise in soil nutrients. Water was not the most important factor limiting to plant growth whereas soil water content, soil nutrients, and ecological stoichiometric characteristics jointly regulate plant community diversity. In the drier years, precipitation treatments had a significant impact on soil water content, whereby an increase in precipitation led to high losses of soil nutrients. Therefore, soil water content was the most important factor affecting plant community diversity during drier years. These observations indicate that under dry and wet years, plant community diversity and soil C:N:P ecological stoichiometric characteristics have variable responses to precipitation and soil C:N:P effect on plant community were also different. These results provide a theoretical basis for the protection and management of desert steppe systems under future projected changes in precipitation.

Under the background of global climate change, precipitation changes will have profound impacts on plant community dynamics. Through field experiment with precipitation manipulation in a desert steppe of western Loess Plateau, we examined the responses of species richness, density, coverage, height and aboveground biomass of different plant life-forms to precipitation changes. The results showed significant effects of precipitation on richness, density and coverage of annual herbs in the third year of manipulation experiment (2015), with lowest values in the decreased precipitation treatments. The height of annual herbs was more sensitive to precipitation changes, and was lowest in the -40% precipitation treatment during three years. The magnitudes of negative response of growth and aboveground biomass of annual herbs to decreased precipitation were larger than that to increased precipitation. Richness, density and coverage of perennial herbs in the decreased precipitation were significantly lower than those in the +40% precipitation in the 3rd year, but were insignificantly different from the control. The height of perennial herbs was lowest in the -40% precipitation treatment during three years. The magnitudes of negative response of richness, coverage and height of perennial herbs to decreased precipitation were larger than positive response to increased precipitation, while the positive response of aboveground biomass to the +40% precipitation treatment was stronger. The positive responses of richness, density, coverage and aboveground biomass of shrub to ±20% precipitation treatments were most obvious, which might be related to the relatively concentrated distribution of shrub in these treatments. The precipitation reduction inhibited the growth of herbaceous plants, particularly on the annual herbs, whereas increasing precipitation promoted perennial herbaceous growth and biomass accumulation to some extent. The annual herbaceous growth and biomass fluctuated with interannual variation of precipitation. Shrubs were relatively less affected by precipitation changes. Precipitation changes would have significant effects on plant community composition and function of desert steppe in western Loess Plateau.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Luteolin on proliferation and cell death of human multiple myeloma cell line RPMI-8226 and its mechanisms., Methods: The effect of Luteolin on the growth of human multiple myeloma cell line RPMI-8226 was detected by CCK-8, and then the minimal effective concentration was determined and was used to treat RPMI-8226 cells. The effects of luteolin and chloroquine on expression of cleaved-caspase 3 and LC3 in RPMI8826 cells was detected by Western blot., Results: The luteolin significant inhibited RPMI-8226 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with lutedin 40-80µmol/L for 24 hours and luteolin 20-80µmol/L for 48 hours inhibited RPMI-8226 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner (24 h, r= -0.983; 48 h, r= -0.985). After treatment with lutelin 20µmol/L for 48 h, the expression of cleaved caspase3 and LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ in RPMI 8826 cells significantly increased; after treatment with chloroquine at the same time, the expression of cleaved-caspase 3 and LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ significantly decreased., Conclusion: Luteolin inhibits the proliferation of RPMI-8226 cells by inducing the pathways of both apoptosis and autophagy, moreover the actions of apoptosis and autophagy are interactive or/and promotive each other.

Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata, and Phyllostachys edulis are the main afforesting species in the low hilly areas and valley of the southern Yangtze River for commercial purpose. Ecological problems such as the monotonous community structure and low biodiversity are common in these plantations. To understand the effect of forest harvesting gap on the understory plant diversity in the three plantations, different size gaps with identical habitats were conducted with cano-pies as control in the three plantations in Baiyun Mountain. The life form spectrum of plants and plant diversity were compared among the different forest gaps. The results showed that species richness was the highest in C. lanceolata plantation (57 species), followed by P. edulis plantation (53 species) and P. massoniana plantation (41 species) in two years after harvesting. In the early period, plant species were more abundant in the gaps than that in the controls in C. lanceolata and P. edulis plantations, but there was no significant difference between the gaps and the control in P. masso-niana plantation. The percentage of phanerophyte plants were significantly higher in the forest gaps covered 500 m 2 area than that with other sizes. The percentage of the hemicryptophyte and therophyte plants were higher in the forest gaps covered 250 m 2 area. The percentage of geophyte plants were higher in the forest gaps with 50 m 2 area than the others. The resembling coefficients between the different size gaps were higher than that between the gaps and the control in the same plantation. The resembling coefficients between different size gaps in the same plantation were higher than that between different size gaps in different plantations. The resembling coefficients between the gaps and the control in different plantations were generally lower than the others. The species richness, Simpson ecological dominance index, and Shannon diversity index differed significantly for different size gaps. Except for Simpson ecological dominance index, the indices were significantly influenced by the plantation types. The effects of the interaction between plantation types and gap sizes on these indices were not statistically significant. Forest harvesting gaps altered life form spectrum of understory plants and increased plant diversity in the three plantations.

Halon-1301 (CF3Br) can make Br radicals with UV radiation, which poses a great threat to the ozone layer in the atmosphere. Necessary methods should be taken for the degradation of the exhausts of Halon-1301. In this paper, density functional (DFT) theory at B3LYP/6-311G++(d,p) level are employed for the study of dissociation properties and spectra of Halon-1301 in external electric field, including bond length, total energy, HOMO-LUMO energy gap, infrared spectra and dissociation potential energy surface (PES). The obtained results show that, with gradually increasing the external field from 0 to 0.03 a.u. along the molecular axis Z (C—Br bond direction), the total energy decreases, while the dipole moment decreases at the beginning and then increases. With the climbing of the field, HOMO-LUMO energy gap increases, and C—Br bond length increases while C—F bond length decreases. The variations of vibrational frequency and intensity of molecular IR spectra in external electric field are also investigated. Further studies show that with increasing the external electric field from 0 to 0.03 a.u., the dissociation PES along C—Br bond becomes unbound with disappearing of the barrier for the dissociation. The external electric field of 0.03 a.u. is sufficient to induce the degradation of CF3Br with C—Br bond breaking. Such results provide an important reference for the degradation of Halons via the external electric field.

Objective: To explore the associations of preoperative plasma levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer with clinicopathologic parameters and overall survival in colorectal cancer patients after curative resection., Methods: From January 2002 to December 2003, a total of 341 colorectal cancer patients underwent curative resection. And their relevant clinical data were reviewed. The median age was 58 years (range: 23 - 90 years) and the median follow-up period was 64 months (range: 5 - 89 months). The preoperative plasma levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer were examined, the correlation of clinicopathologic findings and overall survival was analyzed. A Log-rank test was used for univariate analysis and a Cox regression model for multivariate analysis., Results: The preoperative plasma levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer were (3.7 ± 0.7) g/L and (0.49 ± 0.18) mg/L respectively. Elevated plasma levels of fibrinogen were associated with advanced tumor stage (P = 0.008), venous invasion (P = 0.006), postoperative distant metastases (P < 0.01) and lymph node involvement (P = 0.001), but not with histologic grade (P = 0.232), and invasion depth (P = 0.253). The overall survival is 64.5% (220/341). Elevated plasma levels of D-dimer were associated with advanced tumor stage (P = 0.013), invasion depth (P = 0.007) and lymph node involvement (P = 0.001), but not with histologic grade (P = 0.082), venous invasion (P = 0.746) or postoperative distant metastases (P = 0.131). Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative plasma levels of fibrinogen (P = 0.029), histologic grade (P = 0.001), and lymph node involvement (P = 0.001) were independent prognostic factors., Conclusions: High preoperative plasma levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer are associated with clinicopathologic parameters. And a high preoperative plasma level of fibrinogen is associated with distant metastases and poor prognosis after curative resection in colorectal cancer patients.

Objective: To study the effect of Gushen Peiyuan Recipe (GPR) on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA in Shen-yang-deficiency (SYD) rats suffering from cochlea apoptosis, thus providing a theoretical basis to the treatment and prevention of sensorineural hearing loss and fill Chinese medine's theory of kidney-ear-correlation with new substance., Methods: Rats were induced into experimental SYD animal models by injecting cetacort into their buttocks. Rats in the blank and model groups were given 10 mL/kg normal saline by gastrogavage, and 31 g/kg, 15.5 g/kg and 7.5 g/kg GPR were given to the rats in the high, medium and low dose groups by gastrogavage respectively. RT-PCR was adopted to detect the mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax., Results: Levels of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and Bcl-2/Bax enhanced, and mRNA expression of Bax attenuated in the model rats after GPR treatment, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio increased, showing insignificant difference when compared with the blank control group (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: GPR plays a significant role in regulating the mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax, therefore improving the hearing of SYD rats and protecting the structure and function of cochlea.

Objective: To summarize and analyze the therapeutic effect of traumatic upper cervical instability and investigate therapeutic methods and effect., Methods: There were 19 patients with traumatic upper cervical instability (male 16, female 3), aged from 21 to 56 years,included 3 cases of atlas fracture, 10 cases of dens fracture, 3 cases of axis pedicle fracture, 3 cases of atlanto-axial subluxation. Among them, 6 cases included 1 case of dens fracture, 1 case of dens fracture affiliated with atlas fracture, 1 case of axis pedicle fracture, 3 cases of atlanto-axial subluxation were treated conservatively and the other 13 cases were treated by operations., Results: Nineteen cases were followed up for 1.8 years in average (6 months to 6 years). According to JOA standard for evaluation, the rate of improvement was 42.5% and 87.0% for conservative treatment and operation respectively., Conclusion: Traumatic super cervical unsteadiness should be diagnosed and treated early. Under the condition of upper cervical vertebra being completely fixed,the function of cervical vertebra to maximum extent could be reserved when choosing operation method. Especially, the precise fusion of upper cervical vertebra plays a vital role of long-term efficacy.

Objective: To investigate the effects of the N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on pulmonary artery of rats during 14 days simulated weightlessness., Methods: Sixteen male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and tail-suspension (TP) group (each n=8). Vascular bathing technique was used to measure the contractile responses of rats pulmonary artery rings to phenylephrine (PE), dilatory responses to acetylcholine (Ach) and contractile response to PE in presence of L-NAME. Nitric oxide (NO) content in pulmonary tissues was determined using nitrate enzyme reduction method., Results: After simulated weightlessness for 14 days,the contractile response of rat pulmonary artery to PE (1x10(-5)-1x10(-7) mol/L) decreased significantly (all P<0.01); the dilatory response to Ach (1x10(-6)-1x10(-8) mol/L) increased significantly (all P<0.05). L-NAME abolished the differential responses to PE in TS and control groups, had no significant differences compared with control group, and NO content was also significantly increased. There were significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Larger amount of NO is released in vascular endothelium after 14 days TS, which might partly explain the decrease in the contractile responses of pulmonary artery.

Objective: To study the role of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and small vascular density in the repair mechanism after pulmonary embolism (PE)., Methods: After peripheral pulmonary arteries had been embolized, 8 dogs were killed 1, 7, 14, and 28 days after embolization. One piece of tissue was taken from the region embolized and unembolized respectively, then HE staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed. The pathological change of the lung, changes of small vascular density and expression of bFGF were observed, and were compared between regions embolized and unembolized at different time points., Results: (1) The course of pathological change during the pulmonary embolism period. (2) The bFGF was increased from 1st day to 14th day after PE (1st day: chi(2) = 44.335, 7th day: chi(2) = 71.911, 14th day: chi(2) = 84.460; P < 0.01), and decreased to normal on 28th day (chi(2) = 2.961, P > 0.05). (3) Small vascular density in embolized region (4.56 +/- 0.50) showed no statistical difference from that of unembolized region (4.11 +/- 0.76) on 1st day (P > 0.05), while it (7th day: 10.17 +/- 1.08, 14th day: 10.54 +/- 0.93, 28th day: 11.47 +/- 1.11) was significantly higher than that of unembolized region (7th day: 6.17 +/- 0.90, 14th day: 7.55 +/- 1.19, 28th day: 7.03 +/- 1.24) after embolized 7, 14, 28 days (P < 0.05)., Conclusions: After PE, with increased expression of bFGF in embolized region, the formation of collateral arteries between pulmonary artery system and bronchial artery system is promoted, and absorption of the transuded blood cells and fluid is accelerated. This mechanism may be important in prevent pulmonary infarction.