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In order to improve the utilization rate of granite powder, based on the analysis of the influence of grinding time on particle characteristics of granite powder, the influences of granite powder dosage and grinding time on autogenous shrinkage performance of mortar were systematically studied. The main factors affecting the self shrinkage performance of mortar with granite powder were analyzed using grey entropy method. Finally, microscopic testing methods were used to reveal the mechanism of the influence of granite powder on self shrinkage performance of mortar. The result show that with the increase of grinding time, the fineness of stone powder particles gradually increases, the content of particles with a particle size less than 10 μm increases, the content of particles with a particle size greater than 40 μm decreases, and the self-contraction deformation of granite-doped stone powder mortar gradually increases. With the increase of granite powder content, the self shrinkage deformation of mortar shows a pattern of increasing first and then decreasing. Appropriately reducing the dosage of granite powder particles with particle size less than 20 μm is beneficial for improving the self shrinkage activity index of mortar mixed with granite powder. The granite powder mainly affects the type and quantity of hydration products inside mortar, thereby affecting its self shrinkage deformation law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic reoperation combined with choledochoscope in the treatment of intra - and extrahepatic bile duct stones. Methods The 35 patients wiih intra - and extrahepatic bile duct stones who underwent laparoscopic bile duct reoperation from January 2008 to May 2012 were selected as a laparoscopic treatment group; 50 patients with recurrent intra - and extrahepatic bile duct stones who underwent open surgery in the same period were selected as an open surgery group. The t - test was used to compare the two groups in terms of off - bed activity early after operation, recovery of intestinal function, and length of hospital stay ; the chi - square test was used to compare the incision infection rate between the two groups. Results Among the 35 cases of intra - and extrahepatic bile duct stones, 32 completed laparoscopic surgery, 2 had the procedure converted to open surgery due to severe adhesion, and 1 had the procedure converted to open surgery due to subcutaneous emphysema. In the laparoscopic treatment group, the mean operative time of laparoscopic bile duct reoperation was 148 min (range, 105 -200 min) ; there were no bleeding and bile leak in the perioperative period. All patients underwent T - tube drainage ; postoperative peritoneal drainage was performed for 2 - 5 d ; the mean length of hospital stay after operation was 5 - 8 d. No case of incision infection occurred in the laparoscopic treatment group. The laparoscopic treatment group had a significantly better outcome than the open surgery group in terms of time to off - bed activity early after operation, time to recovery of intestinal function, length of hospital stay after operation, and incision infection rate (? <0.05). In the laparoscopic treatment group, 3 cases had retained bile duct stones, and the stones were taken out through the sinus tract using a fiber choledochoscope at 2 months after operation. All cases were followed up for 6-24 months after operation, and no recurrence was found in the laparoscopic treatment group. Conclusion Laparoscopic bile duct reoperation is minimally invasive and causes few complications, and the patients have rapid recovery after this procedure. Laparoscopic bile duct reoperation is safe and effective in the patients with intra - and extrahepatic bile duct stones who have the indications for this procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was established for the simultaneous determination of four highly polar anti-diabetic drugs, metformin hydrochloride, phenformin hydrochloride, acarbose, and voglibose, in Chinese traditional patent medicines. The separation was performed on a Thermo NH2 analytical column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm), the mobile phase consisted of 30% A and 70% B, where A included 0.06% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.028% disodium hydrogen phosphate, B was acetonitrile. The flow rate was 1 mL/min, the detection wavelength was set at 195 nm, and the column temperature was 30 degrees C. The limits bf detection were 0.1-3 mg/L. The linear regression equation for each component was obtained, and the correlation coefficients (r2) were better than 0.9981. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations (RDSs) were 0.10%-5.07% and 0.19%-6.41%, respectively. The average recoveries of four anti-diabetic drugs spiked in blank Chinese traditional patent medicine matrixes were more than 80% except that for the low concentration of voglibose was 64.05%. The RSDs of the recoveries were 1.14%-4.82%. The method can be used in the analysis of the four highly polar anti-diabetic drugs in Chinese traditional patent medicines, and it is rapid, convenient, economic and specific.