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Objective To investigate the the clinical application of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its correlation with atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods From January 2020 to December 2022，499 patients with T2DM were screened from the inpatients and physical examination populations of Nanjing Jiangbei Hospital. Based on the presence or absence of atherosclerotic plaques， the subjects were divided into T2DM with plaques group (n=249) and T2DM without plaques group (n=250). The subjects underwent medical history collection，physical examination，and serum biochemical testing. The TyG index was calculated，and the correlation between TyG and common risk factors for T2DM atherosclerosis was statistically analyzed. Results The age，systolic blood pressure (SBP)，triglyceride (TG)，total cholesterol (TC)，fasting blood glucose (FBG)，glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)，and apolipoprotein A of the T2DM without plaques group were lower than those in the T2DM with plaques group, the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was higher than that in the T2DM with plaques group (P＜0.05). The TyG index in the T2DM with plaques group was higher than that in the T2DM without plaques group (11.52±0.37 vs 9.34±0.48, t=56.803, P＜0.01). TyG index was positively correlated with age, SBP, TG, TC, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), uric acid (UA), and HbA1c (P＜0.05)，and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and fasting C-peptide (P＜0.05). The area under ROC curve of TyG index for predicting T2DM atherosclerosis was 0.611 ，with a best cut-off value of 10.21，sensitivity of 84.8%, and specificity of 62.2%. Conclusion TyG index is closely related to multiple risk factors for atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM. TyG index combined with risk factors for atherosclerosis can comprehensively assess the risk of T2DM atherosclerosis development.

An analytical method was established for the simultaneous detection of five saccharides in tea by multi-plug filtration cleanup (m-PFC) combined with high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD). An m-PFC cartridge with polyamide powder as sorbent was developed for sample pretreatment. Tea samples were extracted with water while shaking, and then back-extracted with dichloromethane for the removal of impurities. The upper phase was purified using the m-PFC column and detected by HPLC. Quantification was performed by the external standard method. The results showed that the logarithm of the peak areas was linearly related to the logarithm of the concentrations of rhamnose, fructose, glucose, sucrose, and maltose within the linear ranges tested, with correlation coefficients higher than 0.99. The limits of detection (LOD) were in the range of 0.04–0.1 g/100 g, and the limits of quantitation (LOQ) were 0.10–0.20 g/100 g. The average recoveries at three spiked levels were in the range of 91.0%–103%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1.0%–4.6%. This method has the advantages of simple operation and good purification effect, and is suitable for the quantitation of these five saccharides in tea.

In order to improve the superhydrophobic capacity of the surface of 45 steel structure, the superhydrophobic structure was prepared on the surface of 45 steel by means of one step rapid electrodeposition. The preparation parameters were optimized by means of experimental test, and the structure and corrosion performance of the superhydrophobic structure were characterized. The optimal process was determined by contact angle and rolling angle analysis. Results showed that the optimized process was as follows: the electrolyte was composed of 0.05 mol/L stearic acid and 40 mg/L benzotriazole, the electrodeposition voltage was 8 V, and the electrodeposition time was 10 h. The microstructure and corrosion resistance of samples prepared by the optimal process were analyzed. After superhydrophobic treatment on the surface of 45 steel samples, many protrusions with uniform dimensions and distribution patterns were formed and the obvious pits appeared. After superhydrophobic treatment on 45 steel, higher self - corrosion potential was obtained, indicating that the 45 steel modified by superhydrophobic treatment had stronger corrosion resistance to 3.5% NaCl solution, and could improve the corrosion resistance of anode and cathode at the same time.

A high-purity octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4 ) with low metallic impurity was prepared by adding ethanol and a small amount of crown ether by solidification, filtration and distillation. After alkali catalyzed ring opening polymerization and end capping reaction, the low volatile vinyl and methyl terminated methyl vinyl silicone rubber were prepared with tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane and silicone oil as the end capping agents, respectively. The formula of silicone rubber (Shore A hardness 40 and 70) with high tear resistant and elastic resilience were discussed. The results show that the proper formula for silicone rubber with Shore A hardness 40 was that 85 phr of 110 polysiloxane with vinyl mole fraction of 0. 03%, 15 phr of 110 polysiloxane with vinyl mole of 0. 08%, 31 phr of fumed silica with 380 m2 / g, and 5 phr of hydroxyl silicone oil, 0. 1 phr of zinc stearate, and 3 phr of 112 polysiloxane with vinyl mole of 3%. The prepared silicone rubber showed Shore A hardness of 42, tensile strength of 11. 0 MPa, elongation at break of 980%, tear strength of 38 kN/ m, elastic resilience of 74. 8%, volatile of 0. 8%, and the mass fraction of n-hexane extracts of 1. 5%, which was ideal for the production of Foley catheter negative pressure ball. The proper formula for silicone rubber with Shore A hardness 70 was as follows: 55 phr of 110 polysiloxane with vinyl mole of 0. 08%, 42 phr of 110 polysiloxane with vinyl mole of 0. 23%, 3 phr of 112 with vinyl mole of 3%, 42 phr of fumed silica with specific surface area of 380 m2 / g, 8 phr of hydroxyl silicone oil, 5 phr of methoxy silicone oil, 0. 1 phr of zinc stearate, 0. 5 phr of hydrogen containing silicone oil with active hydrogen mass of 0. 5%, and 5 phr of polyvinyl silicone oil. Thus the silicone rubber has Shore A hardness of 70, tensile strength of 8. 1 MPa, telongation at break of 540%, tear strength of 46 kN/ m, elastic resilience of 71. 5%, volatile of 1. 2%, and n-hexane extracts of 1. 6%, which can be used on Foley catheter, throat or drainage tube. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the relation between febrile convulsions and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25-(OH)D3 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in children. Methods: 241 children (divided into simple febrile convulsions and complex febrile convulsions), who were diagnosed with febrile convulsions at the Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center from January 2017 to October 2022, were selected into the febrile convulsions group; 100 healthy children, who had no uncomfortable symptoms and attended the outpatient clinic of the Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center for physical examination, were included into the control group. For all the subjects, the serum 25-(OH)D3 and IL-6 levels were measured, and clinical information, such as age, gender and season, was recorded. Results: (1)Serum 25-(OH)D3 levels in the febrile convulsion group were significantly lower than in the healthy control group [(78.77 ± 20.37) nmol/L versus (96.55 ± 29.74) nmol/L, respectively], and there was a statistically significance between the two groups (t=-6.359, P<0.001). Serum IL-6 levels in the febrile convulsion group were significantly higher than in the healthy control group, and there was a statistically significance between the two groups (Z=-14.291, P<0.001). (2)Serum 25-(OH)D3 levels in children with complex febrile convulsions were significantly lower than those in children with simple febrile convulsions, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t= of 6.612, P<0.05). IL-6 levels were higher in children with complex febrile convulsions than in children with simple febrile convulsions, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (Z= - 10.151, P<0.001). The difference in the severity of febrile convulsions was statistically significant in serum 25- (OH)D3 levels (χ²=29.83, P<0.001). (3)The results of correlation analysis showed that serum 25-(OH) D3 level was negatively correlated with febrile convulsion (γ=-0.393, P<0.05). However, serum IL-6 levels were positively correlated with it (γs=0.328, P<0.05). (4)In contrast, there was no statistically significant difference in serum 25-(OH)D3 levels among children with febrile convulsions in different seasons (P>0.05). Conclusion: There is a correlation between febrile convulsion and serum levels of 25 - (OH) D3 and IL-6. 25-(OH)D3 and IL-6 may participate in the pathogenesis of febrile convulsion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), its treatment for a long time, has great drug toxic side effects, and poor treatment effect, which poses a threat to public health. It is one of the three major problems in global TB prevention and control, is not conducive to the achievement of the goal of ending the TB epidemic by 2035 set by the WHO, and poses a considerable challenge to the global TB prevention and control work. Because of the total number of patients ranks the second in the world, the situation of MDR-TB in China is serious. The main factors affecting MDR-TB include: Gender, age, occupation, education and patient type. To achieve early detection and treatment, reduce the spread of MDR-TB in the population, more rapid and accurate diagnostic methods are needed to diagnose MDR-TB in practical clinical work. In order to confirmed MDR-TB patients, reasonable and effective treatment ways should be selected according to their own conditions to reduce the harm caused by the disease to the patients' health. In this paper, the epidemic distribution, risk factors, detection methods and treatment ways of MDR-TB in recent years are briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sulfonic acid functionalized hyper-crosslinked polymer solid acid was synthesized in one step under the catalysis of sulfuric acid. One-step synthesis successfully solved the problem of rapid polymerization and simplified the synthesis routes. Different samples were synthesized by changing the usage of sulfuric acid and their structures were characterized by FT-TR, XRD, XPS and N2 adsorption/desorption. The polymerization process was analyzed by experimental design, and the results showed that although it was a one-step reaction, there were two processes of polymerization and sulfonation, and they were competitive. The catalytic activity of obtained samples were evaluated in the hydrolysis process of cellulose, and the hydrolysis conditions were optimized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thalamic stroke accounts for 2%-3% of total cerebrovascular diseases. Thalamus contains multiple complex nuclei with variant blood supplies, therefore thalamic ischemic stroke presents various clinical manifestations which will emerge difficulties in precise clinical diagnosis at acute stage. This review summarizes and integrates thalamic anatomical structure, blood supplies and corresponding clinical manifestations, aiming to provide overview of thalamic ischemic stroke and to improve efficacy of early diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proline accumulation is a widespread metabolic adaptation in many organisms in response to various environmental stresses, and it was proved to play protective roles for plants under adverse conditions. Polyploidization is a prominent driving force during plant evolution and many important crops have experienced this process during their evolutionary history. Brassica napus (AACC) is believed to be a newly formed allotetraploid, evolving from the inter-specific hybridization of two diploids, B. rapa (AA) and B. oleracea (CC) followed by chromosome doubling. In this research, we studied the evolutionary fate of genes related to proline synthesis in allotetraploid (B. napus), and its diploids ancestors (B. rapa and B. oleracea), to explore the effect of polyploidition on homologous gene evolution. First, we obtained the genes for proline biosynthesis (P5CSs, OAT) by database searching, and studied the similarities and the expression regulation pattern of homologous genes in allotetraploid (B. napus), in comparison with its diploids progenitors (B. rapa and B. oleracea), in different organs and in response to salt stress. Sequence analysis and phylogenetic analysis revealed that BnaA.P5CS2.a, BnaA.P5CS2.b, and BnaC.P5CS2.c originated from BraA.P5CS2.a, BraA.P5CS2.b, and BolC.P5CS2.a, respectively; BnaA.OAT.a, BnaC.OAT.b originated from BraA.OAT.a and BolC.OAT.a, respectively. And, one copy of gene loss from B. oleracea occurred for BnP5CS2 but not for BnOAT. Expression patterns of these homologous genes in response to salt stress in different organs were also characterized by semi-quantitive RT-PCR. In B. napus, two homologous gene pairs with different origins, BnaA.P5CS2.a and BnaC.P5CS2.c, BnaA.OAT.a and BnaC.OAT.b exhibited biased expression in different organs, implying possible sub-functionalization of P5CS2 and OAT. The genes BnaA.P5CS1.a and BnaC.P5CS1.d with different diploid ancestors were induced by NaCl treatment, and the expression of BnaC.P5CS1.d was higher than that of BnaA.P5CS1.a, showing a biased expression. RT-PCR manifested that preservation of expression pattern of original genes in diploid was found for P5CS1 (BnaA.P5CS1.a and BnaC.P5CS1.d), P5CS2 (BnaA.P5CS2.a and BnaC.P5CS2.c). These results suggest that the gene sequence and expression pattern existing in allotetraploid (B. napus) were conserved, which is benefit to proline accumulation for plant adaptation to environmental stresses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the influence that pulp black liquor does to coal water slurry combustion characteristics and ash melting characteristics, we did comparative analysis of pulping raw coal, coal water slurry, the characteristics of coal black liquor shiny combustion and ash sintering characteristics from micro and macro angles individually . The experiment of melting characteristics of ash result shows that , the initial deformation temperature ,softening temperature, hemisphere temperature and flow temperature of coal black liquor shiny ash are all lower than the corresponding temperature of common water coal slurry ash; through the comparative analysis of XRF and X ray diffraction test , we found out the cause of the lower melting point of black liquor coal shiny ash is that the ash sample contains a large amount of low-melting-point nepheline and anhydrous mirabilite, etc. The experimental study of the influence on the ash melting characteristics of black liquor coal water shiny, can provide reference for related design and application unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MapReduce is a distributed computing framework for big data processing, which has been widely used in various fields. It's a challenge to ensure the deadline of different priority users in the cluster providing MapReduce services. To solve this problem, a queuing network based multi-priority scheduling algorithm (MPSA) is proposed. Firstly, the MapReduce based algorithms are summarized and analyzed, three common patterns are proposed, and the Jackson queuing network is used to build a mathematic model of the MapReduce based algorithms. The mathematic model can be used to find the resource demands of different priority queues. Secondly, the AR(1) model is used to predict the numbers of accessing users, and the binary search algorithm is used to calculate the assigned slot numbers o£ different priority users in map phase and reduce phase. Finally, a real time scheduling algorithm running in the MapReduce framework is implemented. Experimental results show that, compared with the traditional FIFO and fair scheduling algorithm, the proposed scheduling algorithm can ensure the defined deadlines o£ different priority users more effectively when the user arrival rates and the task scales change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to apply the pattern recognition of spectral method to the field of mechanical fault diagnosis, the correlation spectrum of Laplacian eigenvector is proposed and applied to the fault diagnosis of rolling bearings. The definition of the correlation spectrum of Laplacian eigenvector is the absolute value of cosine of the angle between two Laplacian eigenvectors which are calculated by the standard orthogonal decomposition of the Laplace matrix of a feature set. Based on the correlation spectrum of Laplacian eigenvector, a method for the fault diagnosis of rolling bearings is proposed. In the method, the vibration signal features o of a rolling bearing are extracted in the time domain, frequency domain and energy entropy domain to form the feature set is. Then the correlation spectrum of Laplacian eigenvector can be obtained by the standard orthogonal decomposition of the Laplace matrix of the feature set. Finally, the correlation spectrum matrix is established and used to classify the fault types of the rolling bearing. Illustration examples show that this method can be used to diagnose the faults of rolling bearings effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

System feedback loop structure analysis is an effective way to generate strategies for promoting the development of the system. For the lack of standardized methods for feedback loop construction and its operating rules analysis, a method named subsystems' level variable feedback loops structural analysis was provided. The process of the method is as follows: firstly, to construct the system's stock and flow diagram via rate variable fundamental in-tree modeling approach; then to calculate all feedback loops of the system by using the in-tree branch vector determinant calculation method; subsequently, to determine the subsystems according to the research question and management strategic objectives, to identify the level variables and feedback loops each subsystem involved and embed them, respectively; to analyze the feedback loop structure of each subsystem to reveal key variables, adjustable variables and adjustable causal chain of the loops, to obtain the policy leverage points for solving practical problems; classification analysis of all adjustable variables, establish a general system development strategy principle feedback loop diagram; finally, based on the policy leverage points and the general strategies generating principle, determine the system development strategies. As the application and demonstration of our method, an actual example of the modern agriculture area construction in Yinhe Eucommia economic and ecological systems was presented, where four management strategies were determined and implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the clinical presentations of Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE), so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging profiles, treatment and outcomes of 22 patients with HE who were admitted to our hospital between June 2010 and September 2013. Results Clinical symptoms were mainly acute or subacute cognitive impairment (9 cases), psychiatric symptoms (6 cases), seizures (5 cases), ataxia (5 cases), stroke-like episodes (6 cases), tremor (1 case), myoclonus (2 cases) and disturbance of consciousness (3 cases). Marked increase was found in serum anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti- TPO) antibody level (19 cases) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) antibody level (20 cases). Twenty-one cases were treated with glucocorticoids, and one patient was treated only with general neurotrophic therapy, such as ganglioside. Except for 4 cases showed bad response to steroids, the rest patients had an obvious improvement. Conclusions Hashimoto's encephalopathy is an encephalopathy with the presence of elevated antithyroid antibodies, and most patients showed good response to steroids. So early diagnosis and treatment is particularly important for improving prognosis. This disease should be considered as an important differential diagnosis for encephalopathy of unknown etiology, and screening for serum antithyroid antibodies should be performed as initial screening test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The developmental history of metabolic myopathy is reviewed both chronologically and from different classifications. Searching the specific biomarkers of different metabolic myopathies, and specific diagnostic and therapeutic measures targeting these specific biomarkers, are the main research foci in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the reason that the existing algorithm on Hadoop doesn't have a high level of optimization, this paper presented a novel task scheduling algorithm based on data locality speculation. By calculating the time duration ratio of Map and Reduce task on each node combined with the local characteristics of tasks and data on different nodes, the algorithm introduced a more accurate task detection mechanism, and then launched backup tasks of slow tasks on fast nodes. For using computing migration instead of data migration, the algorithm can obtain higher efficiency. Experimental results in Hadoop show that compared with the existing scheduling algorithm, the algorithm proposed in this paper can shorten the task average operation time and reduce the network congestion caused by data exchange between cluster racks. It also can speed up the task execution efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigated the existence problems of spectrum aliasing and detail lost and proposed a new novel fusion method based on the nonsubsmapled contourlet transform (NSCT) . It adopted the new decomposition of NSCT, which built upon nonsubsampled pyramids and nonsubsampled directional filter banks for extracting the geometric information of images. It proposed the high-frequency coefficient fusion rules by combination of direction vector and contrast, and proposed the low-frequency fusion rule based on the local energy of multi-direction variance. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves better fusion results than wavelet-based and CT-based fusion method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the law of gas desorption and emission, a desorption experiment of coal particles in different sizes under different initial pressures was designed. And the measured curves of gas desorption accumulated amount with the change of time were obtained. According to Darcy law, the paper also built the mathematical model of gas emission which was disposed with finite difference method. The visual Basic language was used to solve and calculate the mathematical model. The variation regulation of gas pressure in the inter coal particle and the accumulative desorption quantity at different pressure are finally obtained. Through comparing the simulation results and experiment results, the conclusion shows that the gas emission from the coal particles corresponds to Darcy law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By adopting antimicrobial spectrum test, BOXAIR-PCR, physiological and biochemical, and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis, this paper analyzed the diversity of 55 antagonistic bacterial strains isolated from the rhizosphere of 10 cash crops. There was a high diversity of the antagonism of the strains. Based on BOXAIR-PCR, all the strains were clustered into 7 groups at the similarity level of 72.1%, and divided into 25 groups at the similarity level of 85.0%. All the strains belonged to Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Brevibacillus, Pseudomonas and Alcaligenes, respectively. The antagonistic bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere had high genetic diversity and high diversity in antagonistic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: Retrospective analysis of the diagnosis and simultaneous treatment of midfacial fractures with traumatic cerebrospinal rhinorrhea. METHODS: One hundred and sixty three cases with contusion and laceration of brain, intracranial hematoma, primary brain-stem injury presented cerebrospinal rhinorrhea after reposition and fixation of the fractures from January 2003 to May 2011. They were analyzed in the respect of age, rate of blindness, length of stay in hospital, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and operation methods. RESULTS: 88.96% of the cerebrospinal rhinorrhea cured after 1 week, 10.43% cured after 2-3 weeks, and 1 patient died because of intracranial infection after 2 weeks, 4 cases with injury of temporal branch of facial nerve, 2 cases of numbness of scalp and paraesthesia with no syndrome after half a year, 13 cases had temporal fossa. The occlusion and mouth opening of all patients recovered and their faces were symmetrical depression. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of facial trauma and cerebrospinal rhinorrhea simultaneously were consistent with the principle that cerebrospinal rhinorrhea reparation should do after 1 week of conservative therapy. The same incision can be used during operation, thus shortening the length of stay, reducing cost and complications, and promoting the resolution of cerebrospinal rhinorrhea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The heavy metals in soil not only damage plant growth, but also threaten the health of human beings and animals through food chain. Heavy metal-transport proteins play crucial roles in the heavy metals uptake and tolerance of plants. Plant heavy metal-transport proteins can be classified as metal-uptake proteins and metal-efflux proteins. The metal-uptake proteins can transport essential heavy metals into cytoplasm, and also, transport toxic heavy metals into cytoplasm due to the absence of essential heavy metals or the competition among ions. The metal-efflux proteins are a group of detoxification proteins, which can efflux excess and toxic heavy metals from cytoplasm, or move these metals into vacuole. In recent years, the associations between elevated steady-state transcript levels of heavy metal-transporter genes and metal accumulation in plants have been revealed, and many heavy metal-transport proteins have been cloned and identified. In this paper, the metal affinity, tissue-specific gene expression, and cellular location of representative heavy metal-transport proteins were reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of NG-methyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) for treatment of indirect temporomandibular joint trauma in goats. METHODS: Trauma to TMJ in 9 goats were exerted under an impact to the right and left mandibular angle with self-made device, L-NMMA (0. 5mL) were injected into the right TMJs after 3 hours, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days; the left TMJs were injected with normal saline and used as a control. The goats were killed after 3 months. The TMJs of goats were examined with scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy when sacrificed and scored in a subjective manner following the standard criteria which was a modification of the method by Mankin et al and Yoshimi et al. GLM model of SAS 9.0 software package was used to evaluate the scores of the treatment sides and control sides. RESULTS: Under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the left TMJ tissues showed severe osteoarthrotic changes in the temporal surface, disk and condyle, the right TMJ tissues showed significant improvement (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Repeated intra-articular injection of L-NMMA may reduce the destruction of indirect trauma on goat TMJs. Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province for Young Researchers (Grant No.Q2007C01) and Medical Science and Technology Plan of Shandong Province (Grant No.2005HW053). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The principles of incident pulse shaping and the design methods of ideal incident pulse were studied for the dynamic tests of quasi-brittle SiCp/Al composites with a 50% volume fraction of SiC particles under a constant strain rates loading with SHPB. The results show that a novel method by piling up the raw transit wave and the modified reflected wave to design the incident pulse is developed, and ideal incident pulses are achieved through reasonably designing the size of pulse shaper and controlling the bullet muzzle velocity. The pulse shaper designing should integrate the material properties of specimen, and the key of pulse shaping is to adjust the shape of pulse to be same with the shape of the raw transit wave. For SiCp/Al composites the strain rate depends on the amplitude of incident pulse but not loading rate, and a platform in the incident pulse is needed for constant strain rate. Adjusting the shape of incident pulse to be trapezoid and making it similar with the shape of the raw transit wave of SiCp/Al composites, lead to the composite specimen deformation at constant strain rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through the comparison of leaf photosynthetic potential and of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), leaf nitrogen concentration (Nl), and mass per unit leaf area (Ml) in different canopy layers of un-thinned orchard (UOD) and thinned orchard (TOD), this paper studied the effects of UOD rebuilding on the use efficiencies of PAR and nitrogen, and their relationships to the fruit yield and quality. Thinning obviously improved the radiation environment in canopy. The radiation distribution in TOD canopy was more uniformly than that in UOD canopy, and the invalid space with relative PAR (PARr) less than 30% in TOD approached to zero, while the minimum mean PARr in UOD was 17%, and the space under 0. 3 of relative canopy height was invalid. The leaf photosynthetic efficiency in TOD was notably improved. Comparing with that in UOD, the photsynthetic rate (Pn) at the middle and bottom of the canopy in TOD was increased by 7.8% and 10.2%, respectively. Meanwhile, the photosynthetic potential parameters such as maximum carboxylation rate (Vmax) and maximum electron transfer rate (Jmax) also increased remarkably in TOD. The leaf photosynthetic potential had significant correlation with Nl, and the Nl was strongly correlated with PARr. As a result, leaf photosynthetic potential and PARr could be estimated according to the spatial distribution of relative leaf nitrogen concentration (Nlr). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of the hypothesis about human nature entailed in Adam Smith's economic theory has cast some new light on his economic model and his understanding of the so-called "invisible hand" : the value basis of his economic model is constituted by the ethical standards and the principle of impartiality, which in his theory is actually symbolized by the "impartial spectator" that is an integration of God, the natural divinity and human morality. The impartial spectator thus has been playing a transitional role in the evolution of the economic ethics. The emergence of the theory of impartial spectator, which is a great innovation accomplished by the modem economic ethics and provides an ethical support for the sound social and economic operation in modem times, marks a significant shift in the understanding of the relationship between economy and ethics in the modem context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problem of the increasing labefaction of the eutrophic water, the inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) with plasma generated by pulse discharge is proposed. Effects of various parameters such as dynamic treatment time, separated dynamic treatment, different diluted substance and treatment methods on the changes of the chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) of M. aeruginosa were investigated. Experimental results show that the removal efficiency of Chl-a increases after treatment and the Chl-a concentration obviously decreases with the increase of dynamic treatment time. At the same treatment time, the decrease of Chl-a concentration of the one dynamic, treatment is faster than that of separated twice dynamic treatment. The removal efficiency of Chl-a diluted by sterilized deionized'water is higher than that diluted by 0. 85% sterilized physiological saline. The Chl-a concentration under the static experimental condition is lower than that under the dynamic experimental condition. The optimal removal efficiency of Chl-a is high to 97. 13% in the system and it is a new method to inactivate algae [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conditional probability PA in internal finitely additive probability space (X,ζ,P) is defined, and the conditional Loeb probability space (X,L(ζ,P) is derived by completion. Then the Loeb space (X,L(ζ,P),LP) is derived by completion of internal finitely additive probability space (X,ζ,P), and the conditional probability LP(A) in Loeb space (X,Lζ,P),LP) is defined. By dicussing the relationship of these two spaces, it is proved that L(ζ,PA)=L(ζ,p), and for ∀ B∊L(ζ,P),L(P) (B)=LP(A)(B). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Group decision-making problems based on time-series fuzzy soft set environment have been investigated. For the situation that fuzzy soft sets information's dynamic change as time, the concept of time-series fuzzy soft set is defined, and relative operations and properties have been discussed, too. Considering fuzzy soft sets information of different time has different effect on final decision, the weight determination formulas based on the exponential decay model are given in continuous and discrete time, respectively. Then operations of fuzzy soft sets and the computational formula of the arithmetic weighted average operator have been given with aggregating thought, and the time-series fuzzy soft sets have been aggregated into collective fuzzy soft set. The optimal decision can be obtained by calculating choice value of objects with tools such as the level soft set. Finally, the group decision making approach based on time-series fuzzy soft sets has been proposed and a practical example has been analyzed to verify the reasonability and feasibility of the approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the status and sources of heavy metal pollution in Yinchuan Yellow River floodplain soils, we used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine the presence of eight heavy metals in 92 soil samples from the Yinchuan Yellow River floodplain and used enrichment factors, geological accumulation index, and potential ecological risk index to analyze and evaluate the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in the study area. Combined correlation analysis, absolute factor analysis-multiple linear regression model (APCS-MLR), positive matrix factorization (PMF), and geostatistics were used to analyze the sources of soil heavy metals. The results showed that the content of eight heavy metals in the surface soil of the Yellow River floodplain in Yinchuan City were lower than the screening value of soil pollution risk in agricultural land; Cu and Pb contents were lower than the background value of Yinchuan City soil, and the contents of the remaining six elements were higher than the background value. The coefficients of variation of Zn and Cd were large and in the medium variation level and were influenced by anthropogenic activities. The heavy metal content varied between different land types and generally showed that wasteland &gt; abandoned farmland &gt; woodland &gt; cultivated land. The average content of Cu and Pb in forest and arable soils was lower than the regional background value, whereas the rest of the heavy metals in different land types were higher than the soil background value. The analysis of enrichment factors showed that Zn and Cd were slightly enriched in the study area, and the cumulative index method and the evaluation of the potential risk of single heavy metals indicated that more than 60% of the sites in the study area were contaminated with Cd at a medium or higher potential ecological hazard. The comprehensive evaluation results of potential ecological risk showed that the overall ecological risk level of the study area was mild. From the distribution of heavy metal ecological risk comprehensive index sample points, only one point was in moderate ecological hazard, and the pollution point showed very few. Comprehensive correlation analysis, APCS-MLR model, PMF model, and geostatistical analysis results confirmed that Zn and Cd in the study area were mainly derived from human activities such as agricultural activities and transportation, and the remaining heavy metals were derived from soil parent materials. The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for the ecological protection and sustainable development of the Yellow River in Yinchuan City.

Objective: To Investigate the effects of lithocholic acid (LCA) on the balance between osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)., Methods: Twelve 10-week-old SPF C57BL/6J female mice were randomly divided into an experimental group (undergoing bilateral ovariectomy) and a control group (only removing the same volume of adipose tissue around the ovaries), with 6 mice in each group. The body mass was measured every week after operation. After 4 weeks post-surgery, the weight of mouse uterus was measured, femur specimens of the mice were taken for micro-CT scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction to analyze changes in bone mass. Tibia specimens were taken for HE staining to calculate the number and area of bone marrow adipocytes in the marrow cavity area. ELISA was used to detect the expression of bone turnover markers in the serum. Liver samples were subjected to real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to detect the expression of key genes related to bile acid metabolism, including cyp7a1, cyp7b1, cyp8b1, and cyp27a1. BMSCs were isolated by centrifugation from 2 C57BL/6J female mice (10-week-old). The third-generation cells were exposed to 0, 1, 10, and 100 μmol/L LCA, following which cell viability was evaluated using the cell counting kit 8 assay. Subsequently, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and oil red O staining were conducted after 7 days of osteogenic and adipogenic induction. RT-qPCR was employed to analyze the expressions of osteogenic-related genes, namely ALP, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and osteocalcin (OCN), as well as adipogenic-related genes including Adiponectin (Adipoq), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ)., Results: Compared with the control group, the body mass of the mice in the experimental group increased, the uterus atrophied, the bone mass decreased, the bone marrow fat expanded, and the bone metabolism showed a high bone turnover state. RT-qPCR showed that the expressions of cyp7a1, cyp8b1, and cyp27a1, which were related to the key enzymes of bile acid metabolism in the liver, decreased significantly ( P <0.05), while the expression of cyp7b1 had no significant difference ( P >0.05). Intervention with LCA at concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 μmol/L did not demonstrate any apparent toxic effects on BMSCs. Furthermore, LCA inhibited the expressions of osteogenic-related genes (ALP, Runx2, and OCN) in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in a reduction in ALP staining positive area. Concurrently, LCA promoted the expressions of adipogenic-related genes (Adipoq, FABP4, and PPARγ), and an increase in oil red O staining positive area., Conclusion: After menopause, the metabolism of bile acids is altered, and secondary bile acid LCA interferes with the balance of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs, thereby affecting bone remodelling.

Microbial necromass carbon (MNC) is a crucial source for stable soil carbon pool, and understanding its response to carbon inputs from both aboveground (litter) and belowground (roots) in subtropical forest soils is essential for assessing soil carbon stocks in global ecosystems. In a Castanopsis carlesii plantation at the Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station in Fujian Province, we conducted an experiment with five treatments, including root removal (NR), aboveground litter removal (NL), no litter input (removals of both aboveground litter and roots, NI), double aboveground litter addition (DL), and control (CK). After seven years, we collected soil samples in the 0-10 cm soil layer to examine changes in MNC content and its contribution to soil organic carbon (SOC). Results showed that NR treatment reduced MNC, bacterial necromass carbon (BNC), and fungal necromass carbon (FNC) by 15.9%, 20.2%, and 14.5%, respectively, while other treatments did not induce significant changes. The NR, NL, NI, and DL treatments did not affect the contributions of BNC, FNC, and MNC to SOC. Correlation and path analyses revealed that litter and root carbon input treatments could alter the MNC content directly or indirectly through changing soil available substrates and microbial community structure. Our results suggested that roots exert a stronger influence on the maintenance of MNC than aboveground carbon source in the mid-subtropical plantations.

Objective: To develop a new classification of acromion based on the subacromial impingement theory and the Rockwood tilt view. And explore the application value of the new classification in the diagnosis and treatment of rotator cuff tear., Methods: The clinical data of 101 patients underwent shoulder arthroscopic surgery for impingement syndrome or rotator cuff tear from January to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 34 males and 67 females, aged from 34 to 76 years with an average of (56.31±9.63) years old, course of disease from 2 to 12 months with average of 6 months. Preoperative radiographs of the routine anteroposterior view, Rockwood tilt view and the supraspinatus outlet view were obtained. Based on the subacromial impingement theory and Rockwood radiographs, the morphology of the acromion can be divided into three types:typeⅠ(flat type), typeⅡ(bump type), and type Ⅲ (impingement type). Two observers classified 101 shoulder Rockwood radiographs according to the new classification method and the supraspinatus Outlet radiographs according to the traditional acromial morphological classification method. Supraspinatus tendon injuries were classified into no tear, partial-thickness tear, and full-thickness tear according to the arthroscopic findings. Concordance test (Kappa value) between the inter-observer and intra-observer was carried out for the new classification method and the traditional classification method respectively. The rank sum test was used to compare the mean acromiohumeral distance(AHD) of the three acromion forms in the new acromion classification method. Spearman rank correlation test and Gamma method were used to analyze the correlation between the new acromion classification method and the degree of supraspinatus tendon tear., Results: The inter-observer consistency analysis of the new classification system was significantly better than that of the traditional classification (0.827 vs 0.278), the intra-observer consistency analysis of the new classification system were also significantly better than that of the traditional classification (0.921 vs 0.448, 0.890 vs 0.539). There was no statistical significance in the AHD among three types of the new classification( H =2.186, P >0.05). In all 101 patients, the highest proportion of impingement type acromion was 45.5% (46 cases), followed by bump type acromion was 36.6% (37 cases), and flat type acromion was 17.8% (18 cases). The incidence of supraspinatus tendon tear in the patients with impingement type acromion was significantly higher than that of the other two types of acromion, there was a spearman rank correlation between the new acromion type and the degree of the supraspinatus tendon tear( rs =0.719, P <0.001)., Conclusion: Rockwood radiographs of the shoulder can well display the anterolateral osteophytes of the acromion. The new acromion classification method based on Rockwood radiographs has high reliability and good reproducibility, in which impingement type of acromion is closely related to supraspinatus tendon tear. Compared with the traditional classification and AHD, the new classification method has more diagnostic value than for rotator cuff injury.

To investigate the ion regulation of large yellow croaker ( Larimichthys crocea ) under hypoxia and acidification stresses, we investigated the effects of hypoxia (dissolved oxygen DO 3.5 mg·L -1 , pH 8.1), acidification (DO 7.0 mg·L -1 , pH 7.35) and combined stresses of hypoxia and acidification (DO 3.5 mg·L -1 , pH 7.35) on gill tissue structure and physiological indices related to ion regulation of juvenile L. croaker . The results showed that, under hypoxia stress, gill Na + /K + -ATPase activity, serum Na + , Ca 2+ and Cl - contents of juvenile L. croaker decreased first and then increased. Under acidification stress, gill Ca 2+ -ATPase activity, serum Na + and Ca 2+ contents of juvenile L. croaker increased first and then decreased. Under the combined stresses of hypoxia and acidification, Na + /K + -ATPase activity and Na + , K + and Ca 2+ contents increased first and then decreased, while Ca 2+ -ATPase activity and Cl - content decreased first and then increased. The results of gill histology showed that hypoxia and acidification stresses led to the detachment of gill epithelial cells, and the combined stresses of hypoxia and acidification led to proliferation, hypertrophy and swelling of gill epithelial cells. Comprehensive analysis showed that hypoxia and acidification stress affected the activities of major ion regulatory enzymes in juvenile L. croaker and caused different degrees of damage to gill tissue, resulting in imbalanced ion regulation in juvenile L. croaker .

Objective: To explore the feasibility and clinical effects of arthroscopic treatment for the calcific tendinitis at soft tissues around hip., Methods: A total of 16 patients diagnosed as the calcific tendinitis at soft tissues around hip from May 2013 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. All the 16 patients received arthroscopic procedures. There were 10 males and 6 females with an average age of 35 to 63 (44.50±6.67) years old and 9 left hips, 6 right hips were involved. The course of disease were 1 to 8(3.18±1.97) days. Clinical effects were evaluated with visual analogue scale(VAS), modified Harris hip scores (HHS), nonarthritic hip score (NAHS) and imaging examinations before operation, 1 day after operation and the final follow-up., Results: All 16 patients successfully finished the arthroscopic procedures in 0.5 to 1.2 (0.75±0.21) hours. Primary healing of incision were obtained without any complications of infection, wound hematocele and neurovascular injury. All 16 patients received an average postoperative follow-up of 6 to 12 (9.6±2.3) months. Before operation, the VAS were 7.88±0.72, modified HHS were 29.25±3.23, NAHS were 27.42±3.08. The 1st day postoperative VAS were 2.19±0.66, modified HHS were 82.56± 5.64, NAHS were 82.11±2.94, all the difference were statistically significant between before and 1 day after operation ( P < 0.05). At the final follow-up, the VAS were 0.38±0.50, modified HHS were 94.31±2.82, NAHS were 94.84±2.85, all the scores were improved significantly compared to that before operation ( P <0.05). At final follow-up, there was no recurrence and the calcification disappeared in all patients, there was one patient feel sourness around the hip., Conclusion: Arthroscopic treatment for the calcific tendinitis at soft tissues around hip is effective.It has advantages of minimal invasive, rapid pain relief, rapid hip joint function recovery and definite clinical effects.

The aim of this paper was to study the role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3 K), protein kinase B(Akt) and mamma-lian target of rapamycin(mTOR) in the inhibition of premature ovarian failure induced by D-galactose(D-gal) in mice model by ginsenoside Rg&#95;1(Rg&#95;1). Fifty-four female SPF BALB/c mice were randomly divided into PBS group, D-gal group, and Rg&#95;1 group. In the D-gal group, D-galactose(200 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) was injected subcutaneously into the neck and back for 42 days. In the PBS group, an equal amount of phosphate buffered saline(PBS) was injected into the neck and back for 42 days. In addition to the therapy of D-gal group, Rg&#95;1 group was given Rg&#95;1(20 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) through intraperitoneal injection since the 15 th day for 28 days, at the same time, the D-gal group and the PBS group were also given an equal amount of PBS through intraperitoneal injection since the 15 th day for 28 days. After the treatment, the estrous cycle changes of the mice were detected, and the ovarian SA-β-Gal staining was used to detect the changes of ovarian aging. Western blot was used to detect the changes in protein expressions of PI3 K, Akt, mTOR, S6 k, LC3-Ⅱ and P16~(INK4 a). Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the changes in mRNA expressions of PI3 K, Akt, mTOR, S6 k, LC3-Ⅱ and P16~(INK4 a). According to the findings, compared with the PBS group, the D-gal group began to show estrous cycle disorder in the 3 rd week,the ovarian SA-β-Gal staining positive granulosa cells increased in the D-gal group, the expression of senescence marker P16~(INK4 a) increased, while the expression of autophagy signaling molecule LC3-Ⅱ decreased. After treatment with Rg&#95;1, the positive rate of ovarian SA-β-Gal staining in Rg&#95;1 group decreased, the expression level of autophagy signaling molecule LC3-Ⅱ in Rg&#95;1 group was higher than that in D-gal group, while the expression level of senescence marker P16~(INK4 a) was lower than that in D-gal group. Compared with the PBS group, the protein and mRNA expressions of PI3 K, Akt, mTOR and S6 k in the D-gal group were up-regulated, the protein expressions of Akt, mTOR and S6 k in the Rg&#95;1 group were up-regulated, and the mRNA expressions of PI3 K and mTOR were up-regulated. After treatment with Rg&#95;1, the protein expressions of PI3 K, Akt, mTOR and S6 k in the Rg&#95;1 group were lower than those in the D-gal group, while the mRNA expressions of Akt, mTOR and S6 k in the Rg&#95;1 group were lower than those in the D-gal group. The finding ssuggested that Rg&#95;1 has the effect in delaying ovarian premature failure in D-gal-induced mouse models, and PI3 K/Akt/mTOR autophagy signaling pathways play an important role.

Epigenetic changes induced by obesity can lead to male infertility phenotype. As for the relationship between obesity and male infertility, early studies mostly focused on the endocrine aspect. Recent studies have found that obesity can cause epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, residual histone modification, small RNA, etc, affecting sperm maturation and development. DNA methylation is a regulatory marker on cytosine residue of cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotide. Obesity leads to abnormal DNA methylation, changes mRNA expression abundance, affects imprinted gene expression induses imprinted gene diseases. The modification methods of residual histones include methylation, acetylation, etc. They can interact or cooperate to ensure the normal growth and development of sperm. Obesity changes methylase and acetylase activities and directly affects methylation and acetylation of residual histones, and the expression of micro-RNAs in sperm as well, consequently causing sperm defects. This article reviews epigenetic changes caused by obesity and the mechanism of male infertility.

Objective: To explore the anti-virus effect of AY 358935 gene cloned by our research team on vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and studytheanti-virus mechanism., Methods: HEK293 cells were stably transfected by the AY 358935 gene recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1- AY 358935 or pcDNA3.1 blank plasmid respectively. Then VSV was added into the cell wells to infect the above cells at the multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.001. The virus titers in the liquid supernatant of the above three groups of cells were detected on different time, and the mortality of cells of each group was tested with trypan blue exclusion test at 24 h post VSV infection. Total RNA was extracted from the cells that stably transfected with target gene for the whole genome-wide cDNA microarray analysis., Results: ① Virus titer:The virus titer in the liquid supernatant of pcDNA-3.1- AY 358935 transfection cells group was obviously lower than those in pcDNA-3.1 transfection cell group and blank control cell group at 12 h post infection. The virus titerin the liquid supernatant of three groups were (7.16±2.33)×10 5 PFU/mL, (6.25±2.05)×10 6 PFU/mL and (7.75±2.54)×10 6 PFU/mL respectively at 18 h post infection. At that time, the virus titerin the liquid supernatant of pcDNA3.1- AY 358935 group was nearly 10 times lower than those of other two groups ( P < 0.01). ②Mortality of cells:The cell mortality of pcDNA3.1- AY 358935 group, pcDNA3.1 group and blank group were (35.00±6.68)%, (78.33±15.03)% and (83.34±14.98)% respectively at 24 h post infection.The cell mortality of pcDNA3.1- AY 358935 group was significantly decreased comparing with other two groups ( P < 0.01). ③Result of genes chip analysis: compared with pcDNA3.1 group, 30 cell genes were up-regulated by more than 3 times in pcDNA3.1- AY 358935 group. Among them, the proportion of interferon-activating gene, interferon-effect gene, cytokine and chemokine was 27%, 17%, and 20%, respectively., Conclusion: AY 358935 gene hasan anti-VSV effect, and its anti-virus mechanism may involve the interferon-associated natural immune response., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition).)

The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of SIRT1/TSC&#95;2 signal axis on leukemia stem cell senescence induced by ginsenoside Rg&#95;1. CD34~+CD38~- leukemia stem cells(CD34~+CD38~-LSCs) was isolated by magnetic cell sorting(MACS) and divided into two groups. The control group cells were routinely cultured, 40 μmol·L~(-1) ginsenoside Rg&#95;1 was added to the control group for co-culture in Rg&#95;1 group. The effect of Rg&#95;l to induce CD34~+CD38~-LSCs senescence were evaluated by senescence-associated β-Galactosidase(SA-β-Gal) staining, cell cycle assay, CCK-8 and Colony-Assay. The expression of senescence associated SIRT1, TSC&#95;2 mRNA and protein was examined by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR) and Western blot. The results showed that the CD34~+CD38~-LSCs could effectively be isolated by MACS, and the purity of CD34~+CD38~-LSCs is up to(95.86±3.04)%. Compared with the control group, the percentage of positive cells expressed SA-β-Gal in the Rg&#95;1 group is increased, the senescence morphological changes were observed in the CD34~+CD38~-LSCs in the Rg&#95;1 group. The proliferation inhibition rate and the number of cells entered G&#95;0/G&#95;1 phase in the Rg&#95;1 group were increased, but the colony-formed ability was decreased, Rg&#95;1 could significantly inhibit the proliferation and self-renewal ability of CD34~+CD38~-LSCs. The expression of SIRT1 and TSC&#95;2 mRNA and protein were down regulated in the Rg&#95;1 group compared with the control group. Our research implied that Rg&#95;1 may induce the senescence of CD34~+CD38~-LSCs and SIRT1/TSC&#95;2 signal axis plays a significant role in this process.