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Composite coatings were prepared by using polisilizane as matric resin and h-BN as functional filler.Raw BN was modified by chemical method to improve its distribution in composite coatings.FT-IR and TEM characterizations were applied to analyse the chemical structure of the raw BN and modified BN samples.SEM was used to observe the microstructure of the as-prepared coatings.The optimal resin content was set as 50% (mass fraction) by characterizing the microstructure of composite coatings with varied resin contents. In addition, basic properties of composite coatings were also tested and analysed.The results show that raw BN is successfully modified using chemical method.The modified BN displays better distribution in composite coatings as expected.The as-prepared coatings have good impermeability and thermal-oxidation resistance.

The samples of Huangqi injection (HI) were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS), and both positive and negative ion modes were employed to obtain the LC-TOF-MS analysis information of chemical compounds in HI. Then the mass defect filtering (MDF) approach, which was developed based on the previously published articles, was utilized to rapidly screen the astragalosides from the obtained LC-TOF-MS data. Each screened astragaloside was confirmed by the presence of no less than 2 quasi-molecular ions. All the screened astragalosides were then tentatively assigned according to the parent ion and daughter ion information. Finally, a total of 62 astragalosides were screened and characterized from the HI samples, including 15 new detected ones. The identification results indicated that acetylation, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, methoxylation and hydration might be the major conversion reactions involved in the formation of the astragalosides. The LC-TOF-MS-based MDF approach was proved to be a feasible and efficient tool to screen the chemical constituents in complex matrices such as herbal medicines., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

A separation/preconcentration procedure with coprecipitation has been proposed for the flame atomic absorption spectrometric (FAAS) determination of cadmium at trace level in food and environmental samples. Manganese(Ⅱ) was used as a carrier which chelated with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol to detect the content of trace cadmium in shrimp and shell fish samples with flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the first time. The precipitate could be easily dissolved with concentrated nitric acid. The optimum coprecipitation of this new method including the amount of reagent, amount of manganese(Ⅱ), the pH, and the standing time of the precipitate had been confirmed for the quantitative recoveries of the analytes. The effect of matrix ions and the interference of co-existing ions were also evaluated. Under the experimental conditions established by the optimization step, the system of Mn(Ⅱ)-5-Br-PADAP was able to overcome the matrix interference which showed the effect of separation and enrichment well. The linear range of cadmium content was determined to be 0.1～1.0 mg·L-1. The sensitivity and the relative standard deviation(RSD) were found 0.147(mg·L-1)-1, 0.73%, respectively. The optimum procedure allows the determination of cadmium with limit of detection of 4.27 μg·L-1. The complexity of preprocessing was determined by the complexity of food samples. So the differences of cadmium content in the samples between the direct determination with atomic absorption spectrometry and the measurement after coprecipitation were examined, which providedevidences for the superiority of the system again. Cadmium in shell fish and shrimp samples were 1.85 mg·kg-1 and 1.74 mg·kg-1, which in line with international standards of the Codex Alimentarius Commission(CAC). The credibility of the method was evaluated by standard additional method and recovery experiments. The standard addition recoveries of sample and RSDs of the method were in the range of 99.9%～100.3% and 0.15%～0.83%. The results of recovery experiment showed that the presented coprecipitation procedure had good repetition, high accuracy. In addition, with the method, we could draw conclusions that the experiments were simple and rapid. The developed method described in the literature was successfully applied for the determination of trace cadmium in shrimp and shell fish samples with satisfactory results.

Given that AOTF (Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter, AOTF) spectral imaging analyzer is widely used in a wide spectral region of the visible and infrared spectrum, the spectral bandwidth, diffraction efficiency and power efficiency of the AOTF need to be improved to meet higher standards. Ultrasonic transducer is the core component of AOTF. Its 3 dB working bandwidth determines the spectral diffraction range of AOTF, so it is making two different thicknesses high-low frequency ultrasonic transducer to improve AOTF spectral bandwidth on the same of the acousto-optic medium. Because between the operating frequency of ultrasonic transducer and input impedance there exists non-linear relationship, they have different input impedances at different frequencies. When the between driving signal source’s output impedance and ultrasound transducer have mismatched, It would produce energy consumption and lead to cannot bring the maximum power transfer to the ultrasonic transducer, so that the spectral diffraction efficiency of AOTF is reduced, and it affected spectral imaging quality. So going through to study theoretical ultrasonic transducer impedance frequency characteristics deeply in this paper designed a new broadband impedance matching network, which has important application reference value of the spectral diffraction efficiency improving. By ADS simulation and actual matching circuit experimental test, experimental results show that impedance matching network’ power efficiency reach to more than 90%, spectral diffraction efficiency get up to 90% in the 60~200 MHz bandwidth, and improve to spectral imaging quality within 420~1 150 nm waveband. The higher diffraction efficiency of the matching network has important implications for the current application AOTF based on spectral imaging technology.

Objective: To explore an optimum method on postoperative recovery of general-anesthesia gynecological laparoscopic surgery., Methods: One hundred and twenty cases of gynecological laparoscopic surgery were randomly divided into three groups, 40 cases in each one. The sensitive points of bilateral Shenmen (TF4), Zigong (TF2), Wei (CO4), Dachang (CO7) and so on were selected in all three groups one night before the surgery. The sticking with magnetic beads was applied in the group A. The magnetic beads were in-pair stuck at front-back corresponding location of both ears in the group B. The same-appearance plaster was put at the corresponding acupoints in the group C. The intubation anesthesia was applied in all three groups and postoperative recovery of gynecological laparoscopic surgery was observed., Results: The postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) was (1.77 +/- 1.65) in the group A and (1.80 +/- 1.96) in the group B, which was both lower than (2.62 +/- 1.46) in the group C (both P < 0.01). The occurrence rate of nausea and vomiting was 25.0% (9/36) in the group A and 20.0% (8/40) in the group B, which was both lower than 50.0% (19/38) in the group C (both P < 0.01). The recovery of borborygmus on postoperative 1st and 3rd day in the group A and B was faster than that in the group C (both P < 0.05), while time of fart and defecation in the group A and B was earlier than that in the group C (both P < 0.05). The score of state-trait anxiety inventory in the group A and B was lower than that in the group C (both P < 0.05), but the differences of each item between the group A and B were not obvious (both P > 0.05)., Conclusion: The auricular point sticking could support analgesia of general-anesthesia gynecological laparoscopic surgery, which could relieve anxiety mood, reduce occurrence of nausea and vomiting and improve function of stomach and intestine to benefit postoperative recovery. However, the effect of in-pair sticking of auricular point with magnetic beads at front-back acupoints was not obviously strengthened.

Objective: To observe the impacts on anesthetic dosage and postoperative pain under general anesthesia assisted by auricular-plaster therapy., Methods: One hundred and twenty cases of gynecological laparoscopic surgery were randomized into three groups, 40 cases in each one. In auricular point group A, the magnetic beads were stick on the auricular points which were Shenmen (TF4), Lung (fei, CO14), Spleen (pi,CO13), Stomach (wei, CO4), Large Intestine (dachang, CO7), Adrenal (shenshangxian, TG2 (P)), Endocrine (neifenmi, CO18), Uterus and Pelvic Cavity(penqiang, TF5) etc. In auricular point group B, the magnetic beads were stick on the preauricular points and the corresponding retroauricular points of the ears. In a placebo group, the plasters of the same appearance were stick on the corresponding auricular points of the ears. The anesthetic method was same in three groups and the anesthesia effect were assessed and compared among the three groups., Results: In surgery, the dosage of sufentanil, the narcotic analgesic was (22.08 +/- 7.11) microg in auricular point group A and was (20.19 +/- 7.21) microg in auricular point group B, which were reduced as compared with (26.13 +/- 9.04) microg in the placebo group (both P < 0.05). The difference in the dosage of propofol, the anesthetic was not significant statistically among three groups (P > 0.05). On the 1st day after surgery, the score of pain visual analogue scale (VAS) was (1.77 +/- 1.65) in auricular point group A and was (1.80 +/- 1.96) in auricular point group B, which were reduced as compared with (2.62 +/- 1.46) in the placebo group (both P < 0.05). Before surgery, the serum beta-endorphin (beta-EP) was (198.8 +/- 124.1) pg/mL in auricular point group A and was (207.2 +/-102.7) pg/mL in auricular point group B, which were higher apparently as compared with (143.6 +/- 87.1) pg/mL in the placebo group (both P < 0.05). The differences in the above indices were not significant statistically between the two auricular point groups., Conclusion: The auricular-plaster therapy reduces the dosage of anesthetic, alleviates postoperative pain and acts on tranquilization and analgesia. The effect is not intensified apparently in the treatment for the magnetic beads sticking on both preauricular points and the corresponding retroauricular points of the ears.

Objective: To prove analgesia and sedative effect of adjuvant anesthesia with magnetic auricular point-sticking on abdominal gynecological operation and its effect on postoperative recovery of body function., Methods: Ninety-two patients with abdominal gynecological operation were randomly divided into 3 groups. The auricular point-sticking group (APS group, n=31) was pasted and pressed by plasters with magnetic beads at bilateral Shenmen, Pizhixia (subcortex), Zigong (uterus) and Penqiang (pelvic cavity), etc. the night before operation. The placebo group (n=31) was pasted by plasters without magnetic beads. The blank group (n=30) was given no intervention. The mental and gastrointestinal functional changes before and 3 days after the operation were observed., Results: As compared with those in the control group and the blank group, the postoperative score of Self rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was less (25.5 +/- 0.81 vs. 28.9 +/- 3.19, 28.3 +/- 2.36, both P < 0.01), with lower-dose of Innovar [(2.5 + 1.1) mL vs. (3.4 + 1.8) mL, (3.2 + 1.6) mL, both P < 0.05], earlier exsufflation after the operation [(34.2 + 12.1) h vs. (46.3 + 10.9) h, (43.2 + 14.8) h, both P < 0.01] and higher level serum of beta-endorphin before and after the operation in the APS group (all P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The magnetic auricular point-sticking has sedative, analgesic and function-regulating effects on the abdominal gynecological operation.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that tissue-engineered cartilage can be bioincorporated with a nonreactive, permanent endoskeletal scaffold., Methods: Chondrocytes obtained from swine articular were seeded onto polyglycolic acids(PGA) scaffold which was incorporated with high-density polyethylene (Medpor). After cultured in vitro for two weeks,the cell-scaffold construct was implanted into subcutaneous pockets on the back of nude mice. Six weeks later,the newly formed cartilage prosthesis was harvested, and a small part of sample was evaluated by gross view, histology, type II collagen immunohistochemistry and biochemistry. PGA scaffold seeded with cells as the control group., Results: The newly formed cartilage was very similar to normal cartilage in both gross view and histology, and jointed Medpor tightly. The center of control group was hollow., Conclusion: This pilot technique combining tissue engineering with a permanent success in creating cartilage without "hollow" phenomenon. biocompatible endoskeleton demonstrated

Objective: To probe the effect of previous analgesia of scalp acupuncture., Methods: Sixty cases of radical operation of intestinal cancer were randomly divided into 2 groups: a scalp acupuncture plus epidural analgesia (scalp acupuncture group) and an epidural analgesia group, 30 cases in each group. The scalp acupuncture group received scalp acupuncture from 20 min before operation to the end of the operation, and epidural analgesia at the end of the operation. The epidural analgesia group only received epidural analgesia at the end of the operation. Recovery of VAS scores, BCS scores and gastrointestinal function after operation were investigated to probe into effects of scalp acupuncture on epidural morphine analgesia after operation in the patient of intestinal cancer., Results: The VAS scores at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h in the scalp acupuncture group were lower than the epidural analgesia group, with significant differences at 6 h and 12 h between the two groups (P < 0.05). BCS scores at the 4 time points in the scalp acupuncture group were lower than the epidural analgesia group with significant differences between the two groups (all P < 0.05). The scalp acupuncture group in recovery of bowel sound, exsufflation from the anus in the scalp acupuncture group was faster than the epidural analgesia group (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Scalp acupuncture has a certain previous analgesic effect, reducing discomfort of the patient after operation and promoting the recovery of gastrointestinal functions.

Objective: To study on regulative action of scalp acupuncture on oxidative stress reaction at operation stage., Methods: Fifty two cases selected for radical operation of intestinal cancer were randomly divided into a scalp acupuncture plus general anesthesia (scalp acupuncture group) and a simple general anesthesia group (general anesthesia group), 26 cases in each group. The scalp acupuncture group were treated first with scalp acupuncture for 20 min, followed by general anesthesia, with scalp acupuncture lasted till the end of operation. The general anesthesia group were treated only with simple intratracheal anesthesia. Effects of scalp acupuncture on malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity at the operation stage were observed., Results: After operation, MDA levels decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the two groups, but with no difference between the two groups in the different values of MDA before and after treatment (P > 0.05); there was no significant change in SOD before and after treatment in the scalp acupuncture group, and significantly decreased in the general anesthesia group (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the two groups in the different value of SOD before and after the operation (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Scalp acupuncture can inhibit the decrease of SOD activity, reducing oxidative stress reaction at operation stage.

Objective: To observe analgesic effect of acupuncture anesthesia., Methods: Sixty-nine cases undergoing rectal cancer surgery were randomly divided into 3 groups, group I, II and III, 23 cases in each group. Both Zusanli (ST 36) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) were selected for acupuncture anesthesia. Group I received general anesthesia after acupuncture induction, group II received acupuncture after general anesthesia, and group II received only general anesthesia. Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) before and after operation was recorded., Results: MAC was (1.35 +/- 0.19) vol% in the group I, (1.49 +/- 0.22) vol% in the group II and (1.64 +/- 0.27) vol% in the group III. Acupuncture before and after general anesthesia could decrease respectively by about 0.29% and 0.15% of MAC in rectal cancer surgery undergoing general anesthesia, with a very significant difference (P < 0.01) or a significant difference (P < 0.05) among the 3 groups., Conclusion: Acupuncture anesthesia has a certain adjuvant action for anesthesia and analgesia, and acupuncture before general anesthesia has a better action.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) to regenerate an autologous tissue-engineered cartilage in vitro., Methods: The Cells were harvested from the elastic auricular cartilage of swine,and were plated at the concentration of 1 x 10(4) cells/cm2 , studied in vitro at two different media enviroments: Group I contained Ham's F-12 with supplements and b-FGF, Group II contained Ham's F-12 only with supplements. The passage 2 cells (after 12.75 +/- 1.26 days) were harvested and mixed with 30% pluronic F-127/Ham's F-12 at the concentration of 50 x 10(6) cells/ml. It was injected subcutaneously at 0.5 ml per implant. The implants were harvested 8 weeks after the vivo culture and examined with the histological stains., Results: The chondrocytes displayed morphologically similar to the fibroblasts in the media containing basic-FGF. The number of cell doublings (after 12.75 +/- 1.26 days) in vitro culture was as the following: Group I, 70; Group II, 5.4. Eight 8 weeks after the vivo autologous implantation, the average weight (g) and volume (cm3) in each group was as the following: Group I, 0.371 g/0.370 cm3 Group II, 0.179 g/0.173 cm3 (P < 0.01). With the b-FGF in vitro culture, the cells were expanded by 70 times after 2 weeks. Histologically, all of the engineered cartilage in the two groups were similar to the native elastic cartilage., Conclusion: These results indicate that the basic-FGF could be used positively to enhance the quality and quantity of the seeding cells for the generation of the well-engineered cartilage.

Objective: To investigate whether man-made porous chitosan-gelatin complex scaffold was a appropriate scaffold for tissue engineering cartilage., Methods: Chondrocytes isolated from Changfeng crossbred swines' auricular cartilage were seeded onto chitosan- gelatin scaffolds to be cultured in a three dimensional environment. The chondrocyte- polymer constructs were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of the swines' abdomenal wall. Specimens were harvested and analyzed by gross observation, histology, type II collagen immunohistochemistry and biochemistry after 10 and 16 weeks in vivo respectively., Results: H.E staining showed cartilage was formed, and chondrocytes were enclosed in lacuna with histological characteristics similar to natural cartilage. Some clusters of neocartilage surrounded by fibrous tissues were observed. Elastic fibres were observed in the mesenchyma of cartilage 16 weeks after by Vehoeff's staining. Immunohistochemical staining of the neocartilage with anti- type II collagen showed the presence of type II collagen in the ECM of tissue engineered cartilage. The proteoglycans content in tissue engineered cartilage was close to that of natural swine's auricular cartilage., Conclusion: The experiments demonstrated that using chitosan-gelatin complex scaffold we can generate autologous cartilage on animals with normal immune system. Porous chitosan- gelatin complex scaffolds may be a suitable scaffolds for tissue engineered cartilage.