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Copyright of South Architecture / Nanfang Jianzhu is the property of South Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of Journal of Technology Economics is the property of Chinese Society of Technology Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

The study on farmers' willingness to pay for degradable agricultural film and its influencing factors is conducive to the promotion and application of green agricultural production technology and the promotion of green transformation of agricultural development. Based on the survey data of 339 farmers in Shaanxi province, the willingness to pay and the amount of payment of different types of farmers for degradable agricultural film were calculated through contingent valuation method (CVM), and the binary Logistic regression and Tobit models were constructed to explore the influencing factors of farmers' differentiated willingness to pay and the amount of payment. The results show that ① most of the interviewed farmers have a willingness to pay for degradable agricultural film, and the part-time farmers have a stronger willingness to pay and a higher amount of payment; ② the education level of farmers has a significant positive impact on the willingness to pay for degradable agricultural film; ③ social impact, technology availability and technology ease of use all positively and significantly affect farmers' willingness to pay and amount of payment for degradable agricultural film; ④ different types of farmers have different factors affecting the willingness to pay and amount of payment for degradable agricultural film. In general, in the process of promoting green agricultural development, it is urgent to formulate differentiated technology response incentive policies, strengthen technical training and guidance for farmers, increase subsidies for technology application, and establish a long-term dynamic incentive mechanism for farmers' response to green production technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

This paper empirically investigates how manufacturing firms' importing and exporting activities are connected to within-firm average wages and wage inequality. Using a unique employer-employee matched data set created by linking detailed customs data from Taiwanese firms on imports and exports with corporate income tax files, employee wage data from personal income tax, and labor insurance data for the period of 2007 to 2016, our findings suggest that firms' participation in importing and exporting as well as the value of imports and exports have a positive association with firms' average wage and wage dispersion. Further, we use a quantile regression model to analyze the relation between importing or exporting activities and wage at different wage percentiles. Our empirical evidence suggests that the importing and exporting premium is larger for higher wage percentiles than for lower wage percentiles. These findings indicate that international trade is more beneficial for higher wage workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Biodegradable plastics need to be appropriately modified in practical applications to improve their performance and reduce costs. Inorganic fillers have the advantages of heat resistance, degradability and wide sources, and can be used to modify biodegradable plastics. The polarity of inorganic fillers and plastic matrix is quite different, and there is a problem of compatibility. Different kinds of inorganic fillers have different modification effects on biodegradable plastics. The research progress of commonly used inorganic fillers such as talcum powder, calcium carbonate, glass fiber and other modified biodegradable plastics is summarized, and the modification methods and mechanism are summarized. The application of biodegradable plastics in agriculture, food packaging, biomedicine and other fields is introduced. The problems in modification of inorganic fillers are analyzed. The research show that inorganic fillers have a certain nucleation effect on biodegradable plastics, which can significantly improve the mechanical strength of biodegradable plastics. Attention should be paid to the dispersion effect of inorganic fillers when using them. In addition, attention should be paid to the food safety of inorganic fillers in biodegradable plastics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Journal of Management & Business Research (2521-4306) is the property of Chinese Management Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of Taiwan Economic Forecast & Policy is the property of Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, Taiwan Economic Forecast & Policy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of Taiwan Economic Forecast & Policy is the property of Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, Taiwan Economic Forecast & Policy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of Tourism Tribune / Lvyou Xuekan is the property of Tourism Institute of Beijing Union University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of Taiwan Economic Forecast & Policy is the property of Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, Taiwan Economic Forecast & Policy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

We establish a Rosen-Roback spatial equilibrium model which decomposes the total economic growth into the change of labor input, total factor productivity (TFP) and wage differences. We calculate the model-based contribution of the cities, especially megacities, to Chinese aggregate economy. By using data of 285 cities from 2002 to 2015, we find out that the model-based contribution of Shanghai, Shenzhen, Beijing and Guangzhou to aggregate growth turn out to be higher than what is simply inferred from the share in GDP. Factor decomposition shows that the positive impact of megacities on Chinese economy comes from the increase in TFP and the increase in labor input, while the megacities widen wage dispersion of the whole country, generating a negative effect on economic growth. "Counterfactual" studies show that for the period 2002-2015, the top-five megacities increase the Chinese aggregate economy by 25.33%, and if the top-five did not enlarge the wage dispersion, then the aggregate economy would increase by 40.42%. Our research also shows that the overall development of the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta regions is more balanced, while the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region still have a long way to go to reach the coordinated development. Since no previous study has used city level data in China to analyze the impact of megacities on Chinese economy, our research will fill this gap. According to the empirical results, this paper puts forward two suggestions, one is to further reduce the wage dispersion in China, the second is to further coordinate the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region for more balanced development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Using Taiwan's Labor Insurance dataset and the difference-in-differences model, this study investigates the possible incentives of utilizing the average insured monthly earnings for the period beginning 3 years prior to retirement as the basis for old-age benefit calculations. In the study, those who had retired in 2007 were categorized into the experimental group, while those whowere qualified to retire but had not retired for the ensuing 3 years were categorized into the control group. The results indicate that after controlling for all influential factors such as gender and years of service, the incentive displayed a positive impact. On average, it had increased the insured earnings by 10.7%. Changing the benefit calculation formula to using the average monthly amounts of the highest 60 months of insured earning would not generate much impact. Using a much longer period as the basis for benefit calculation can help to alleviate or even eliminate the incentive impact, thus removing the extra financial burden caused by the incentive mechanism embedded in the benefit calculation formula of the labor insurance system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Applying the theory of economic rights and Fisher's revenue formula, a theoretical framework was set up to analyze the cause of urban-rural income gap in China. Then, the panel data models were developed on the basis of provincial data from 2005 to 2008, to analyze empirically the impact of the differences between the rural and urban population's rights including the production, labor, trading and the enjoyments of social security and public goods on the urban-rural income gap. The results showed that the differences between the rural and urban population's economic rights are the root cause of urban-rural income gap. A conclusion is therefore drawn that the preconditions for successful reform of income redistribution should be improving and perfecting the democratic politics so as to make people own really the equal political rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

This paper uses the latest enterprise employee data of Zhejiang Province to examine the impact of human capital on the huji discrimination. We find that 80% of the total urban-rural wage differentials can be interpreted by the differences o{ individual characteristics and 20% by the effects of the discrimination. We also divide our samples into three groups, which are secondary school, high school and college workers, to find out which group is prone to discrimination in the labor market. We find that discrimination mainly occurres in the high school worker group, for which the discrimination portion is up to 45.9%, while the numbers for the secondary school and college groups are -2.0% and 29.5% respectively. So the assumption that education can reduce the unexplained gap is not approved well in China's urban-rural labor market. We propose another compensation supposition that high school workers are faced with more occupational competition in the labor market and some of them have to accept wages lower than the local residents. Because of migrant worker shortage, migrant workers with lower education do not have to experience fierce competition and are not deeply affected by discrimination. Furthermore, this finding indicates that to establish equal environment is the key measure to eliminate the huji discrimination and wage differentials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

In our country, the research on the wage differentials, both for the gender and urban-rural wage differentials, were emphasized on the labor market discrimination, but relatively ignored the effects of the pre market factors. In this paper, we introduced the study about the measurement of the pre market factors and related progress, the conclusion of its impacts on the wage differentials, in order to supply useful illumination of experience to the study on domestic wage differentials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...