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[Purpose/significance]Knowledge hiding behavior is not only detrimental to the generation of individual knowledge, but also affects the healthy development of social Q&A communities. Exploring the causes of users’ knowledge hiding behaviors in social question-and-answer communities is of great significance to enrich relevant theories of user behaviors in social question-and-answer communities and guide the optimization of platforms. [Method/process] From the perspective of configuration, based on the person-environment matching theory, the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method (fsQCA) was used to analyze 157 valid samples collected from the questionnaire. The combined effects of value congruence, interpersonal similarity, needs-supplies fit based on external motivations, needs-supplies fit based on internal motivations and demands-abilities fit on knowledge hiding behaviors were explored. [Result/conclusion] To obtain the combination path of high and low degree knowledge hiding behaviors, this study finds that demand matching plays a key role in knowledge hiding behaviors. Through comparative analysis, it is found that users are more inclined to knowledge hiding and reduce knowledge hiding behaviors, it is necessary to strengthen the matching of various conditions.

Background Hearing loss is highly prevalent in occupational populations, but it could be effectively prevented through early monitoring. There is still a lack of studies on the risk assessment of hearing loss. Objective To construct three risk assessment models for hearing loss in oil workers, and evaluate their performance to obtain the optimal one. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. Participants were 1 423 workers of an oil company who received the occupational health examination from 2018 to 2019 in the Jingxia Hospital of North China Petroleum Administration. Their general demographic data, audiometric test and laboratory test results were collected. Unconditional multivariable Logistic regression was used to explore the factors influencing hearing loss. Python was used to build the random forest, XG Boost, and BP neural network models with factors potentially associated with hearing loss determined based on a literature review and expert opinions incorporated. The discriminative ability of the models were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) , and the calibration ability of the model was tested using the calibration curve. Results The prevalence of hearing loss changed significantly according to age, gender, monthly household income, history of diabetes, labor intensity, physical exercise, ototoxic chemical exposure, sleep disturbance, shift, and high temperature exposure (P

There are many controversies regarding Jue Yin disease in the Treatise on Febrile Diseases. The author found that it is reasonable to understand Jue Yin disease from two perspectives; a deficiency of bodily fluids, and the advance and retreat of Yin and Yang based on an understanding of Huangdi Neijing and modern scholars on Jue Yin disease, the meaning of the internal meridian, and the research result of modern medicine on Jue Yin disease. If Jue Yin disease is regarded as the state of Yin and Yang advancing and retreating based on deficiencies of bodily fluids, then article 326 and the Wumei pill can be regarded as the outline syndrome and main prescription of Jue Yin disease, respectively. The progression and withdrawal of Yin and Yang and the associated fluctuation of bodily fluids make Jue Yin disease dy-namic and multiphasic. The essence of Jue Yin disease is determined by the characteristics of bodily fluids and the Yang Qi. Instead of focusing on the disease location or the combination of cold and heat, whether the Yang Qi advances or retreats and the coordination of the bodily fluid state should be focused on as the internal cause of the transfer of Jue Yin disease to Yin and Yang, or the occurrence of heat, cold and the sell-healing syndrome. Although Yin and Yang are all-inclusive, the state of bodily fluids has many meanings; there is a significant deficiency of bodily fluids in Jue Yin disease. As such, by emphasizing the state of bodily fluids and the characteristics of Yin and Yang, Jue Yin disease can be better explained and gains a certain clinical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the major challenges of agricultural robots is the grasping and picking fresh fruit and vegetable without any damage under the complex environment. In order to minimize the harm due to robot grasp, this paper mainly introduces a dexterous multisensory gripper design and also develops a new force impedance control algorithm. First, the gripper with dual motor drive was designed, and each of fingers had an independent servo drive system and was integrated with force and tactile sensors. The calibration force sensors were mounted at the root of each finger, and the force signals were obtained by the force sensors. The expected force, position and speed parameters of the fingers can be set separately, so the grip centre and stroke can be controlled for the finger by pre-programming, the movement and forces of grasped objects can be actively controlled to achieve through the two-finger operations. The gripper with both the mechanical mechanism and control flexibility was mounted in the end of the industrial robot. The grasping experiment platform composed of industrial robot and dexterous gripper integrated monocular vision, force sensing and many kinds of sensors. The 2-D vision was able to quickly detect and locate grasped objects at the top of the experiment platform. Second, a force impedance control algorithm was proposed and used for one of fingers, position control was used for another finger, and it can regulate the grasping force by defining the target impedance between desired position and contact force. The whole grasping system can be equivalent to impedance & admittance model, and the finger force/position control can be equivalent to the expected target inertia-damping-stiffness model, and the model parameters can be adjustable according to the needs to realize the dynamic relationship between grasping force and position. The contact force errors between expected force value and actual force acquired from the force sensor were as the input of impedance controller and its output can be realized by the reference trajectory correction to the internal position control loop. The proposed algorithm only considered the direction of gripping fruit and vegetable, and the reference trajectory can be determined simply, and then avoids the use of complicated impedance control for multi-degree of freedom manipulators, through which it can improve the real-time control and robustness of the grasping system with model uncertainty or external force disturbance. Robot grasping experiments show that the system runs smoothly and reliably, the force-feedback impedance control is very effective, and the steady state error is maximum range within ± 0.4N in the experiment of grasping the tomatoes and eggs. It can make force track value with small force overshot and fast response simultaneously between the end-effector and fruit and vegetable, so it makes the force controller adaptive to the dynamic grasp process between the end-effector and fruit and vegetable, it can realize the flexible grasping and reduce damages and ensure the quality of the grasped fruit and vegetable. The research provides a key control technology for the compliant grasping of fruit and vegetable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Jinguan5) were grown in a climate chamber to determine the responses of tomato quality attributes to the difference between day and night temperatures (DIF). Six day/night temperature combinations 31/19, 28/22, 25/25, 24/12, 21/15, and 18/18 ℃ with respective DIFS of 12, 6, 0, 12, 6, 0 at 25, and 18℃ mean daily temperature were observed. The dynamic change of soluble sugar and sucrose content, dry mass portioning in different organs, free amino acid and soluble protein, and fruit quality of tomatoes were measured. At the daily average temperature of 18℃, the soluble sugar and sucrose content in fruits were highest under 12℃ DIF treatment, and lowest under 0 DIF treatment; while at the daily average temperature of 25℃, the soluble sugar and sucrose content in fruits were highest under 6℃ DIF treatment. At the daily average temperature of 18℃, the total free amino acids and soluble protein content of leaves were highest under 12℃ DIF treatment, and lowest under 0 DIF treatment; while at the daily average temperature of 25℃, the total free amino acids of leaves were highest under 6℃ DIF treatment, and soluble proteins were also to be the maximum under 6℃ DIF treatment in young fruit and picking time. The dry mass allocation proportions in fruits at the daily average temperature of 18 and 25℃ were both the maximum under 6℃DIF treatment, and minimum under 12℃ DIF treatment. The organic acid content of fruits at the daily average temperature of 18℃ was lowest under 12℃ DIF treatment, while at the daily average temperature of 25℃, the content was lowest under 6℃ DIF treatment. VC, soluble proteins, and lycopene of fruits have the opposite trend compared with the organic acid content at the daily temperature of 18℃. Studies suggested that under the condition of a daily average temperature of 18℃ with DIF from 0-12℃, the greater the DIF was, the more soluble sugar and sucrose were accumulated in the fruits, the larger free amino acids and soluble protein were, and the better fruit quality was. It's good for dry mass transportation to increase DIF appropriately, but too high or too low a DIF was not conducive to the dry mass accumulation in fruits. Under the condition of a daily average temperature of 25℃with DIF from 0-12℃, the interior fruit quality under 6℃ DIF was the best. It was concluded that under the different daily temperature within the same DIF treatments, the interior fruit interior quality under 25℃ treatment was better than that under 18℃ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of reduction robot combined with navigation robot-assisted minimally invasive treatment for Tile type B pelvic fractures., Methods: Between January 2022 and February 2023, 10 patients with Tile type B pelvic fractures were admitted. There were 6 males and 4 females with an average age of 45.5 years (range, 30-71 years). The fractures were caused by traffic accident in 5 cases, bruising by heavy object in 3 cases, and falling from height in 2 cases. The interval between injury and operation ranged from 4-13 days (mean, 6.8 days). There were 2 cases of Tile type B1 fractures, 1 case of Tile type B2 fracture, and 7 cases of Tile type B3 fractures. After closed reduction under assistance of reduction robot, the anterior ring was fixed with percutaneous screws with or without internal fixator, and the posterior ring was fixed with sacroiliac joint screws under assistance of navigation robot. The time of fracture reduction assisted by the reduction robot was recorded and the quality of fracture reduction was evaluated according to the Matta scoring criteria. The operation time, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency and time, intraoperative bleeding volume, and incidence of complications were also recorded. During follow-up, the X-ray film of pelvis was taken to review the fracture healing, and the Majeed score was used to evaluate hip joint function., Results: The time of fracture reduction was 42-62 minutes (mean, 52.3 minutes). The quality of fracture reduction according to the Matta scoring criteria was rated as excellent in 4 cases, good in 5 cases, and poor in 1 case, with excellent and good rate of 90%. The operation time was 180-235 minutes (mean, 215.5 minutes). Intraoperative fluoroscopy was performed 18-66 times (mean, 31.8 times). Intraoperative fluoroscopy time was 16-59 seconds (mean, 28.6 seconds). The intraoperative bleeding volume was 50-200 mL (range, 110.0 mL). No significant vascular or nerve injury occurred during operation. All patients were followed up 13-18 months (mean, 16 months). X-ray films showed that all fractures healed with the healing time of 11-14 weeks (mean, 12.3 weeks). One case of ectopic ossification occurred during follow-up. At last follow-up, the Majeed score was 70-92 (mean, 72.7), and the hip joint function was rated as excellent in 2 cases and good in 8 cases, with the excellent and good rate of 100%., Conclusion: The reduction robot combined with navigation robot-assisted minimally invasive treatment for Tile type B pelvic fractures has the characteristics of intelligence, high safety, convenient operation, and minimally invasive treatment, which can achieve reliable effectiveness.

Objective: To investigate the effects of extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO 2 R) combined with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on respiratory efficiency and diaphragm function in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) received mechanical ventilation., Methods: A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. Sixty patients with mild to moderate ARDS admitted to the department of respiratory and critical care medicine of Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were enrolled, and they were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. All patients received antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, and mechanical ventilation therapy. On this basis, the observation group received ECCO 2 R and CRRT, while the control group received bedside CRRT. Baseline data including gender, age, etiology, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II), etc., were recorded. Arterial blood gas analysis [including arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2 ), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2 ), and oxygenation index (PaO 2 /FiO 2 )] was performed at 12 hours and 24 hours during the treatment, and respiratory mechanics parameters [including tidal volume, respiratory rate, maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), and maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP)] were recorded, and rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) was calculated. The levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Diaphragm thickness and diaphragm activity were measured by ultrasonography at 24 hours during the treatment., Results: There were no significantly differences in age, gender, etiology, and APACHE II score between the two groups, indicating that the baseline data of the two groups were balanced and comparable. Compared with the 12 hours after treatment, the PaO 2 and PaO 2 /FiO 2 in the observation group significantly increased, PaCO 2 significantly decreased, RSBI significantly decreased, MEP and MIP significantly increased, and serum GSH-Px and MDA significantly decreased, while SOD significantly increased at 24 hours during the treatment. In the control group, only PaCO 2 significantly decreased. Compared with the control group, the PaCO 2 significantly decreased in the observation group at 12 hours and 24 hours [mmHg (1 mmHg≈0.133 kPa): 55.05±7.57 vs. 59.49±6.95, 52.77±7.88 vs. 58.25±6.92, both P < 0.05], but no significantly differences in PaO 2 and PaO 2 /FiO 2 . Compared with the control group, the observation group showed significant decreases in RSBI at 12 hours and 24 hours (times×min -1 ×L -1 : 85.92±8.83 vs. 90.38±3.78, 75.73±3.86 vs. 90.05±3.66, both P < 0.05), significant increases in MEP and MIP [MEP (mmH 2 O, 1 mmH 2 O≈0.01 kPa): 86.64±5.99 vs. 83.88±4.18, 93.70±5.59 vs. 85.04±3.73; MIP (mmH 2 O): 44.19±6.66 vs. 41.17±3.13, 57.52±5.28 vs. 42.34±5.39, all P < 0.05], and significant decreases in serum GSH-Px and MDA [GSH-Px (mg/L): 78.52±8.72 vs. 82.10±3.37, 57.11±4.67 vs. 81.17±5.13; MDA (μmol/L): 7.84±1.97 vs. 8.71±0.83, 3.67±0.78 vs. 8.41±1.09, all P < 0.05], as well as a significant increase in SOD (U/L: 681.85±49.24 vs. 659.40±26.47, 782.32±40.56 vs. 676.65±51.97, both P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group showed significant increases in diaphragm thickness and diaphragm activity at 24 hours of treatment [diaphragm thickness (cm): 1.93±0.28 vs. 1.40±0.24, diaphragmatic thickening fraction: (0.22±0.04)% vs. (0.19±0.02)%, quiet breathing diaphragm displacement (cm): 1.42±0.13 vs. 1.36±0.06, deep breathing diaphragm displacement (cm): 5.11±0.75 vs. 2.64±0.59, all P < 0.05]., Conclusions: ECCO 2 R combined with CRRT can reduce work of breathing and oxidative stress levels in ARDS patients receiving non-invasive ventilation, and protect diaphragm function.

Objective To investigate the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on autophagy and expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and beclin1 in xanthine oxidase (XOD)-induced autophagic model of non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. Methods A549 cells were divided into five groups: control group, model group, 100, 200 and 400 μg/mL APS-treated group. Except for control group, all groups were administered XOD for 24 hours to establish autophagic models. Morphology of autophagosome was detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the number was counted by monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. The expression levels of LC3B, beclin1 and mTOR were detected by Western blot analysis. Results Compared with the control group, the number of autophagosome in the model group increased; the expression of LC3B and beclin1 significantly increased; while the expression of mTOR significantly decreased. Compared with the model group, the number of autophagosome decreased remarkably; the expression of LC3B and beclin1 severely decreased, and the expression of mTOR obviously increased in 200 or 400 μg/mL APS-treated group. Conclusion APS reduces the level of autophagy, down-regulates the expression of LC3B and beclin1, and increases mTOR expression in the autophagic model of A549 cells induced by XOD.

Objective To investigate the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) combined with cisplatin (DDP) on the pathological morphology of recurrent tumor and the expression of metastasis-related proteins CD44, CD62P and osteopontin (OPN) following Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) surgery. Methods LLC cell suspension was injected subcutaneously into palmula of left hind limb of C57BL/6J mice as a tumor-supply group. The other 80 mice were randomized into 8 groups: model group, APS-treated groups at different concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL, 6 mg/kg DDP-treated group, and 3 mg/kg DDP combined with 50, 100, 200 μg/mL APS-treated groups. The palmula tumor cells were collected from the tumor-supply group 10 days after LLC injection and then injected subcutaneously into all of the 80 mice to establish the recurrent and metastatic mouse models of lung cancer. Subsequently, corresponding different substances were administrated intraperitoneally in the different treated groups since the next day. After 15 days' administration, all the mice were sacrificed by cervical spine dislocation. Morphological characteristics were observed by H&E staining, and the protein expression of CD44, CD62P and OPN were measured by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the model group, the pathological changes of the recurrent tissues in each treatment group were alleviated to some extent, especially in the DDP combined with 200 μg/mL APS group; the expression of CD44, CD62P and OPN in each treatment group decreased, especially in the DDP group and DDP combined with 100 and 200 μg/mL APS-treated groups. Conclusion APS combined with DDP could significantly inhibit the growth and metastasis of Lewis lung cancer cells, which might be associated with the reduced expression of CD44, CD62P and OPN.

Stimulation of the round window (RW) for coupling an implantable hearing system to the cochlea has gained increasing clinical importance. To compare the vibration transfer to the cochlear fluids and partition in response to normal acoustic stimulation and to mechanical stimulation of the RW, we carried out an acoustic-structure coupled finite element analysis using a recently developed finite element (FE) model in our laboratory, which consisted of external ear canal, middle ear and cochlea. Intracochlear pressures were derived during normal forward sound stimulation as well as reverse RW stimulation. A model was utilized to calculate the force required of an actuator at the RW to produce a differential intracochlear pressure that is equivalent to a stimulus produced in normal ear by a given external ear-canal pressure. The current results provided further information to support the optimization of the actuators and adapt existing prostheses for RW stimulation in order to insure sufficient acoustic output.