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OBJECTIVES This study aimed investigates the effect of non-dominant resistance training on physical imbalance, and muscular function in unilateral athletes (badminton, tennis). METHODS Fifteen male unilateral sports plyer were randomly divided into non-dominant resistance training group (NRTG, n=8) and control group (CG, n=7). Exercise program performed for 60 min(warm-up 10 min, main exercise 40 min, cool down 10 min), three times a weeks. The isokinetic muscular function of knee and shoulder joint was measured pre (0 week) and post (8 weeks). RESULTS There was a significant different in isokinetic muscular function dominant and non-dominant (p

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Construction of ecological network is important lor improving urban ecological environment under the scenarios of rapid urbanization. We extracted the core area with good connectivity as the ecological sources with the methods of morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and landscape index with Guangzhou City as the study area. The ecological network was then constructed by minimal cumulative resistance (MCR) model and was quantitatively analyzed by gravity model and connectivity indices. Aiter that, an optimized ecological network was iinally constructed. The results showed that ten core patches could be used as ecological sources. In addition, eighteen important corridors as well as twenty-seven general corridors were identified, which were mainly distributed in the northeast part of the city. Five more ecological sources and thirteen more planning corridors were suggested under the optimized ecological network. Our results indicated that forests were the main composition of ecological corridors. The appropriate width for the important corridor and planning corridor was 60-100 m and 30-60 m, respectively. Our results provide scientific guidance lor designing urban ecological network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land use change is an important factor affecting soil carbon and nitrogen cycle, and this is a hot spot in the study of global climate change. Based on the fixed depth method (FD) and the equivalent mass method (ESM), we explored the effects of land use change on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) storage from the perspectives of forest reclamation and farmland vegetation restoration in Karst area. The storage of SOC and TN significantly decreased after the forests were converted to grassland, eucalyptus and farmland. On average, the SOC and TN losses calculated by the FD method were 47.4% and 41.6%, respectively, the losses of SOC and TN calculated by ESM method were 54.8% and 49.7%. The SOC and TN storage increased significantly after abandonment of farmland to grassland or planting eucalyptus. On average, the SOC and TN stocks calculated based on the FD method increased by 60.5% and 49.7%, while the SOC and TN calculated by the ESM method increased by 85.5% and 70.8% respectively. The difference between FD method and ESM method was analyzed, it was concluded that FD method ignored the difference of soil bulk density after land use change. Soil bulk density was significantly increased after forest destruction. The loss of SOC and TN storage was overestimated by the FD method. Soil bulk density decreased after vegetation restoration, FD method will underestimate the enhancement of SOC and 85.5% and 70.8% respectively. The difference between FD method and ESM method was analyzed, it was concluded that FD method ignored the difference of soil bulk density after land use change. Soil bulk density was significantly increased after forest destruction. The loss of SOC and TN storage was overestimated by the FD method. Soil bulk density decreased after vegetation restoration, FD method will underestimate the enhancement of SOC and TN storage. It is suggested that the ESM method should he used to estimate the impacts of land use change on SOC and TN storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] Phytophthora root and stem rot (PRR), caused by Phytophthora sojae is a destructive disease on soybean throughout the world. Utilization of resistance varieties is the most economical and environmentally safe method for controlling the disease. Up to now,21 resistance genes have been identified in soybean. However,only a few genes,such as Rpslc and Rpslk,were effectively resistant to populations of P. sojae in China,so to mine new resistance genes is necessary for the disease. Soybean cultivar ' Dafangliuyuezao ' has broad spectrum resistance to P. sojae, and is an elite resistance source for Phytophthora root rot of soybean. [Methods] A population of F2:3 lines derived from the cross of ' Dafangliuyuezao' x ' Aijiaozao' was developed for resistance genetic analysis and resistance gene mapping. Using hypocotyl inoculation method at the seedling stage in the glasshouse, the reaction to P. sojae isolate AH( virulence type 2,3a,3b,4,5), in 156 F2:3 lines were identified. [ Results] The segregation ratio in the population fit into 1:2:1 for homozygous resistant,segregating and homozygous susceptible,showing that the resistance of ' Dafangliuyuezao' to P. sojae strain AH is controlled by a single dominant gene,with the temporary name of RpsAH. On the basis of linkage analysis with SSR markers, RpsAH was located on molecular linkage group N,and flanked by Sat_166 with genetic distances 4.1 cM. [ Conclusions] The resistance to Phytophthora root rot is controlled by a single dominant gene,and the resistance gene RpsAH in' Dafangliuyuezao' was mapped on molecular linkage group N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which examines the effect of heterologous newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection on tissue free radicals metabolisms of ducks. Researchers measure and compare the content of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione superoxidase (GSH-Px) to analyze the change in tissues of ducks infected with NDV. Results reveal the involvement of free radicals in the pathogenic course of ducks infected with NDV.

The present study analyzed demographic and psychological factors that affect adult men's decisions to solicit a prostitute. We administered a questionnaire to 1 400 randomly sampled men aged 20 to 59, who live in the Tokyo metropolitan area (obtaining 664 valid responses). The results revealed that 14.6 percent of respondents have had the experience of being a client in prostitution at some point over the past four to five years. Men in their 50s, who spent their adolescence before the enforcement of anti-prostitution laws, had high prostitution acceptability. Those in their 20s and 30s, who spent their adolescence in the 1990s when "Enjyo-Kousai" (Japanese amateur prostitution) gained topicality, also showed high rates. These findings are considered to be birth cohort effects. In addition, those men who reported grater sexual drive and desire for intimate contact with others, as well as those who reported fewer attitudes of gender egalitarianism, had higher rates of prostitution solicitation. Finally, those men who reported less emotional family bonds also showed higher rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]