Search

Significance To systematically address problems related to the interpretation and evaluation of image logs and expand their application range in geology and engineering fields, firstly, the development history, data processing steps and interpretation process of image log acquisition series are reviewed, and then fine interpretation methods for image logs, constrained by "four levels" (direct interpretation of images, conventional logging constraints, core constraints and geological theory constraints), are proposed in this paper. Progress The image log facies models can be divided into seven categories: massive, banded, cross-stratified, spotted, convoluted, graded and symmetrical groove modes. Image logs can be used for core orientation, formation attitude acquisition, fracture evaluation, fault property analysis, in situ stress direction discrimination, sedimentary characteristic pickup, palaeocurrent direction discrimination, etc. Through the inverse calculation of Archie's formula, the image log data matrix can generate porosity spectra and apparent formation water resistivity spectra, which can be used for reservoir quality evaluation and fluid property identification, respectively. Slab images can reveal information such as sedimentary laminae, fine-grained sediment lamina textures can be identified, and high-resolution logging can be used to evaluate unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. Poro Tex image structure analysis technology can be used to identify the characteristics of reservoir spaces such as pores and fractures and to quantitatively calculate parameters such as porosity and fracture porosity. Therefore, it is widely used in comprehensive logging evaluations of highly heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs. Conclusions and Prospects These research results can help us to avoid misunderstandings in image logs interpretation and expand the application field of image logs.

In order to realize various 3D constructions in tissue engineering, suitable bio-ink methods need to be found for printing living tissue. GelMA has been used in the three-dimensional construction in various tissue engineering. To make the good use of GELMA, it is necessary to find a balance between the requirement for meeting the mechanical propert of bio-printing and cell growth. The purpose of this study is to improve the mechanical properties and physical properties of GelMA hydrogel, so that it can meet the mechanical properties of different tissues and organs. Acrylate anhydride (MA) was reacted with gelatin by acrylization, and double bond structure was introduced into gelatin molecular chain. GelMA hydrogel, GelMA-ChelMA (methyl acrylate anhydride chitosan) hydrogel, and GelMA-PEG(200)DA hydrogel were prepared for mechanical and physical property analyses. The results show that ChelMA and PEG(200)DA could increase the elastic modulus of GelMA, and the physical properties were affected to a certain extent.