Search

Cholemic nephropathy （CN） is a disease with renal dysfunction as a major manifestation in patients with advanced chronic liver disease complicated with severe jaundice. Currently no effective non-invasive diagnostic modality is available for CN. Renal biopsy has been a gold standard for its clinical diagnosis. Furthermore, it is frequently misdiagnosed or confused with hepatorenal syndrome so that patient prognosis remains poor. The overall objective of clinical management is lowering a high level of bilirubin and blunting renal injury. If drug therapy fails, artificial liver systems may be employed for improving renal function. The underlying pathological mechanisms of CN have not been fully elucidated. However, recent studies implied that the development of disease was correlated closely with abnormal renal transporters, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Based upon previous studies, the authors summarized the latest researches on CN through focusing upon clinical diagnosis, potential pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for providing theoretical rationales for advanced researches and clinical interventions of CN.

In order to enhance the performances of clock and data recovery circuit(CDR) in the high speed multichannel serial transceiver system, a novel phase interpolator(PI) circuit used in CDR has been proposed in the paper. It adopts four groups of differential signal and DAC to act on common load resistance, generates complementary thermometer code through digital filter to control DAC output current, realizes phase weight allocation for differential input clock to make 128 times interpolated, and optimizes the differential signal by input stage four phase correction circuit and duty cycle adjustment circuit. This chip is fabricated in 40 nm CMOS process, the simulation results show that PI has good linearity from 1 GHz to 6 GHz, and DNL is no more than 1.4 LSB, INL is no more than 1.5 LSB, and has been successfully applied to a variety of high speed SerDes.

With the development of high speed communication system and the improvement of the transmission speed, Phase Lock Loop(PLL) to be the core circuit of providing precision clock has been put forward higher request, not only required to produce low jitter and low noise clock, but also demanded wide frequency range and multi-protocol supportment. As the core module of PLL, the performance of the phase noise and frequency range of voltage control oscillation(VCO) directly influence the quality of transmission clock. To reach the different transmission frequency requirement of multi-protocol, a 6.5-to-11 GHz LCVCO with wide-frequency-range and low-phase-noise is designed. Using 6-bits frequency –band-selected signal to control tuning capacitor array for relalizing the division and adjustment of the output frequency, and design optimal Kvco within each band to cover all frequency points with low phase noise. This chip is fabricated in 40 nm CMOS process, the simulation results shown that the output frequency is from 6.5 GHz to 11 GHz and the phase noise is below 107.1 dBc@1 MHz.

The unified rendering architecture GPU provides a rich graphics computing and storage resources and puts forward higher requirements for software optimization. To design and optimize performance effectively for the unified rendering architecture GPU，on the basis of research on the unified rendering architecture GPU architecture and working principle, this paper analyses the various factors influencing the graphics: graphic instruction generation, host interface data transfer, graphic instruction parsing, graphics processing pipeline and unified rendering array processing capability. In the process of development of GPU, using this method to design each part of the performance indicators, through the simulation shows that the model assessment graphics performance and the measured phase, the error is less than 7.5 percent.

Architecture and algorithm determine the performance of GPU, and they need be verified as soon as possible. The paper brings forward a method of modeling based on UML(Unified Modeling Language), and describes the process of modeling GPU geometry engine unit architecture and line primitive rasterization algorithm in detail. Model and simulation are implemented in SystemC language. The model verifies the correctness of architecture and algorithm, and its own effectiveness and feasibility, provides reference to RTL design.

The content, morphology and composition of uraninite, types of uranium minerals, and mineral assemblages coexisting with uranium minerals can be used as the distinguishing marks of uranium-bearing and uranium-barren granites, which provides a new technique for prospecting granite-hosted deposits. Changjiang and Jiufeng granitic intrusions are typical uranium-bearing and uranium-barren granites in northern Guangdong. Uranium minerals from these two granitic intrusions were studied by Electron Microprobe. Results show that the main uranium mineral of Jiufeng granite is uraninite, and its age dated by Electron Microprobe can be divided into two groups, 160 Ma and 105 Ma, which are consistent with those of uraninite in Changjiang granite. The first group age represents the formation age, and the second group corresponds to the invasion age of mafic dikes at 103 Ma. But the age of 74 Ma was not found for Jiufeng granite. Compared with Changjiang granite, uranium minerals of Jiufeng granite are less affected by the late hydrothermal events and U is not activated and migrated, so that no economic uranium deposits occur in Jiufeng granite.

Uraninite is considered to be the main ore source provider of granite-hosted uranium deposits, it plays a significant role in mineralization assessment of granite and constraining the age of digenesis and uranium mineralization.Changjiang granite is a part of the Zhuguang Mountains, and is important U-bearing granite in the north of Guangdong.Uranium minerals in this granite are studied by Electron Microprobe.Results show that uranium minerals mainly fill in the spaces between minerals or are surrounded by pyrite.Uranium minerals are also found in quartz, biotite, chlorite and other minerals.The main types of uranium minerals are uraninite, pitchblende, uranothorite and uranophane.The chemical ages of uraninite and pitchblende dated by Electron Microprobe can be divided into three groups, 155 Ma, 106 Ma and 74 Ma.The first group represents the formation age of Changjiang granite mass, and the second and third groups represent multiple stages of uranium mineralization.From rock formation to about 106 Ma, the composition of uraninite has not changed significantly.Obvious U activation and migration did not happen until 74 Ma, so the main uranium mineralization of Changjiang granite may have occurred at about 74 Ma or later.