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Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to understand the active mesoscale processes in the Kuroshio extension (KE) region, and reveal the three-dimensional structure of mesoscale eddies in this region, as well as the contributions of mesoscale eddies to water mass redistribution and ocean-atmosphere interactions, based on shipboard observations and satellite remote sensing data, this study investigates the three-dimensional structural characteristics of a typical eddy dipole composed of cyclonic eddy (CE) and an anticyclonic eddy (AE) distributed on the north and south sides of the KE axis, respectively, during June-July 2022. Results show that the CE has a southward cross-frontal motion dominated by shear forcing, while the AE remains relatively stable. The "cold tongue" structure of the CE gradually diminishes due to sea surface warming and heat diffusion from the KE axis, with the AE exhibiting a "reverse eddy sea surface temperature anomaly" structure due to the entrainment of cold water carried by the CE. The vertical multi-cores of internal temperature and salinity anomalies in the eddy dipole are related to the vertical redistribution of water masses with different characteristics. The AE's internal flow field is strongly baroclinic, with around 50% of it having a Richardson number less than the critical value of 0.25, indicating a tendency for turbulent mixing. The upper layer of the CE is barotropic, hindering substantial diapycnal mixing. This study helps to enhance understanding of the eddy dipole characteristics and internal structure of eddies in the KE region, providing information for further research on eddy dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chemical Engineering (China) / Huaxue Gongcheng is the property of Hualu Engineering Science & Technology Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Biomimetic design of bioactive materials to restore, maintain or improve the function of tissue based on the understanding of anatomy on the function and structure of biological tissue is a research hotspot in the field of regenerative medicine at present. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the effect of mechanical properties, three-dimensional spatial structure, and biochemical activity of biomedical scaffolds on cell behavior and review the application of biomedical scaffolds in the field of tissue engineering. METHODS: The articles published in CNKI, Wanfang, Web of Science, and PubMed databases from January 2003 to April 2023 were searched by computer. The Chinese search terms were “extracellular matrix, tissue engineering, scaffolds, biomaterials, biomimetic structures, mechanical properties, three-dimensional structures, tendon-bone interface, osteochondral, neural conduits, artificial blood vessels”. English search terms were “extracellular matrix, tissue engineering, scaffolds, biomimetic structures, biomaterials, tendon bone interfaces, osteochondral, neural conduits, artificial blood vessels”. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cells are in a complex and dynamic three-dimensional environment, so the extracellular matrix is the ultimate target of biomaterial simulation. The bionic structure of biomedical scaffolders needs to be similar to the real microenvironment, so that cells can stick to the wall, grow and migrate normally, and maintain their diverse physiological functions. Biomimetic design of extracellular matrix in terms of mechanical properties, threedimensional spatial structure, and biochemical properties of biomedical scaffolds can play a decisive role in tissue repair, thus affecting the final result of tissue repair. Biomimetic biomedical scaffolds have been widely used in tendon-bone interface, bone cartilage interface, nerve, vascular regeneration, and other fields, providing a promising new idea in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bunyavirus is widely distributed, highly contagious, and has a high fatality rate. It is a negative- strand RNA virus that has a major impact on public health around the world. The development of vaccines and the search for drugs are the key to prevent bunyavirus infection. The nucleoprotein (NP) of viruses is necessary for the synthesis of viral RNA, which combines with viral RNA to form the nucleocapsid, participates in viral assembly and RNA transcription, and plays an important role in viral proliferation. In addition, NP also has B cell and T cell epitopes, which can induce cellular and humoral immunity, so NP is an ideal target for vaccine design and drug development. Given its abundance and specificity, NP is also commonly used in the detection of viral diseases. More and more bunyavirus NP structures and structures of NP-RNA complexes have been resolved. Researchers have discovered two important antiviral targets through these structures, the terminal arm and the RNA binding cleft. This paper reviews the function and three-dimensional structure of the bunyavirus NP and the research progress of NP as an antiviral target, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of the bunyavirus disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the process of reconstructing the three-dimensional structure of the virus by using the icosahedral symmetry of the virus, the existence of the symmetry-mismatch problem hindered the analysis of the real structure of the virus and the acquisition of the high-resolution structure. In order to eliminate the influence of symmetric mismatch on the three-dimensional structure of the virus, a symmetry-mismatch three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm by using the special subgroup search of the icosahedral point group was proposed. By taking the Grass Corp Reovirus (GCRV) as the experimental material, the three-dimensional structure of GCRV was obtained by using the three-dimension reconstruction technique of cryo-electron microscopy. Then, the orientation information was obtained through the local three-dimensional reconstruction and symmetry-mismatch searching, by adding the search of GCRV-specific vertex. The results showed that: the algorithm improved the e任iciency of symmetry-mismatch orientation searching, and accurately reduced the orientation information of Grass Corp Reovirus (GCRV) by determining the icosahedral-specific apical position of the polymerase complex inside the virus. The results confirmed that the virus-deleted RdRp was in the pseudo-D3 symmetrical equatorial group, and it. provided a new method for resolving the whole-virus symmetry-mismatch structure of double-stranded RNA virus and exploring the molecular mechanism of endogenous transcription of double-stranded RNA virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Petrochemical Universities / Shiyou Huagong Gaodeng Xuexiao Xuebao is the property of Journal Editorial Department Of Liaoning Shihua University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Porous metallic tantalum is a new type of orthopedic implant material with the characteristics of good biocompatibility and bone ingrowth. The product obtained by the traditional preparation process has the disadvantages of impurity, low porosity and high cost. In this work, a novel three-dimensional (3D) metallic tantalum with high porosity was prepared controllably by a multi-directional segmented outgassing chemical vapor deposition (MDSO-CVD) technique with 3D network connected structure porous carbon as the substrate. The effects of deposition temperature and deposition time on the structure evolution of 3D tantalum material were investigated, and the deposition law of tantalum along the direction of gas flow field was revealed. The phase and microstructure of metallic tantalum were analyzed by XRD, SEM and TEM, respectively. The porosity of tantalum was measured by weight loss method. When the deposition temperature was 1 000 ℃ and the deposition time was 12 h, the as-prepared pure metallic tantalum showed the high porosity of more than 80%, which can serve as an orthopedic implant material with good compression property. Therefore, the efficient, large-scale and controllable MDSO-CVD method of 3D high-porosity tantalum material developed in this work provides important technical support for the application of metallic tantalum in the medical field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because land remediation work is carried out in depth, an engineering review is a necessary part of acceptance of land remediation project completion. Engineering mapping can provide the necessary basic information. Because the standardization of engineering reviewing is lagging at present, there is urgent need for higher requirements of engineering mapping technology, concise design of mapping technology design documents, and optimization. This study relies on the practical experience of the Shanghai land remediation project and the support of relevant standard technical requirements, with the help of system engineering theory to propose a technical route of analysis and research based on existing information and relevant standard technical requirements. It also proposes the design of categories, content, and file output three-dimensional structure mapping technology methods. The optimizing of the design of land consolidation and related engineering surveying and mapping technology will help improve the efficiency and quality of surveying and mapping work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The functional affiliation and inner relationships between the risk factors and the mechanism of living organisms were analyzed based on the relevant interactive diagrams drawn from the analysis of the information characteristics of the risk factors and the mechanism of living organisms. The two-dimensional relevant interactive diagrams were upgraded to a three-dimensional diagram, which constructs the life information security control by Tai Chi mapping of theodolite. The Tai Chi mapping of theodolite is composed of five Tai Chi latitude planes, and a life information security control axis that runs through the center of the five Tai Chi latitude planes. The control axis and the Tai Chi latitude planes form the relationship of abstract and real and the relationship of longitude and latitude, which forms a situation of "attain the utmost in passivity, hold firm to the basis of quietude", that is, a state of dynamic balance. The five Tai Chi latitude planes represent pattern recognition receptors to recognize pathogen-related molecular patterns and damage-related molecular patterns, NK cell activation receptor recognition mechanism, specific recognition system mechanism, positive and negative feedback regulation mechanism, and the interaction mechanism of mucosa, skin, and symbiotic microorganisms. Intrinsic functional linkage analysis showed that the first and second Tai Chi latitude plane mechanisms were at the forefront of the entire system, which had the first response to the dangergen, and the dangergen information was transmitted to the third Tai Chi latitude plane; the third Tai Chi latitude plane accepted the dangergen information and generated a second response, in the "backup position"; the fourth Tai Chi latitude plane made timely adjustments for excessive or insufficient information response, and performed positive and negative feedback functions,which played an extremely important role in the overall system; the fifth Tai Chi latitude plane mechanism was the foundation of the entire safety control system, especially the mucosal system. The key layout of the safety control system was concentrated in the fifth plane. The large amount of symbiotic microorganisms embodied in the layout of functional forces determines its important role. The Tai Chi mapping of theodolite showed that the ligands in the NK cell activation receptor(receptor for answeringstress-response information)-ligand(stress-response information) relationships are included in the system. The concept of "dangergen" was firstly proposed,which covers traditional antigens,pathogen-related molecular patterns,damage-related molecular patterns and the ligands in the NK cell activation receptor-ligand. The hypothesis of the principle of NK cell function effect mechanism was also proposed: on the basis of the overall genetic information of the species, the relationship between the supporting receptors and ligands that determines whether to attack or not was constructed, and it was speculated that there were gene families in the cell genome that express ligands representing their own identity information. and those express reporter allergenic information ligands. The constructed Tai Chi mapping of theodolite shows the overall conformation of the life information security control mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cotton Textile Technology is the property of Cotton Textile Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Intercropping creates a heterogeneous canopy and triggers plastic responses in plant growth and structural development. In order to quantify the effect of planting pattern, strip width and row position on the structural development and light capture of maize and soybean in simultaneous intercropping, both experimental and modelling approaches were used. Field experiments were conducted in 2017－2018 with two sole crops (maize and soybean) and two intercrops: Two rows of maize alternating with two rows of soybeans (2:2 MS) and three rows of maize alternating with six rows of soybean (3:6 MS). The morphological traits of maize and soybean e.g., leaf length and width, internode length and diameter, leaf and petiole declination angle in different rows and different planting patterns, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) above and below the canopy of 2:2 MS were measured throughout the growing season. A functional-structural plant model of maize-soybean intercropping was developed in the GroIMP platform. The model was parameterized based on the morphological data set of 2017, and was validated with the leaf area index (LAI), plant height and PAR data set of 2018. The model simulated the morphological development of individual organs based on growing degree days (thermal time) and calculated the light capture at leaf level. The model well reproduced the observed dynamics of leaf area index and plant height (RMSE: 0.24－0.70 m2/m2 for LAI and 0.06－0.17 m for plant height), and the fraction of light capture in the 2:2 MS intercropping (RMSE: 0.06－0.10). Maize internode diameter in intercrops increased, but the internode length did not change. Soybean internodes in intercrops became longer and thinner compared to sole soybean probably caused by the shading imposed by maize, and the 2:2 MS had longer internodes than the 3:6 MS, indicating the effects of strip width. Simulated light capture of maize in 2:2 MS intercropping was 35.6% higher than sole maize. For maize in 3:6 MS intercropping, the light capture of the border rows and inner row were 27.8% and 20.3% higher than sole maize, respectively. Compared to sole soybean, the simulated light capture of soybean in border rows was 36.0% lower in 2:2 MS intercropping, and was 28.8% lower in 3:6 MS intercropping. For 3:6 MS intercropping, light capture of soybean in inner rows I and inner rows II were 4.1% and 1.8% lower than sole soybean, respectively. In the future, the model could be further developed and used to explore and optimize the planting patterns of maize soybean intercropping under different environmental conditions using light capture as an indicator.

[Objectives] The aim of this study was to study the effect of translocation of nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) thioesterase domain in Bacillomycin D synthase system on lipopeptides synthesis in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fmbJ. [Methods]The TE domain at the end of Bacillomycin D synthesis in fmbJ strain was advanced to the end of module 5 and module 6 by homologous recombination mediated by temperature sensitive plasmid pKS2, respectively. Then, the fermentation products of fmbJ mutant strain were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and bacteriostasis experiments with Aspergillus flavus. AlphaFold protein structure database was used to predict the three-dimensional structures of PCP-TE didomains at the end of NRPS synthase system, and the interactions between domains were analyzed. [Results] Linear lipopentapeptides (C14-15β-NH2FA-Asn-Tyr-Asn-Pro-Glu) and cyclic lipopentapeptides[C14-15β-NH2FA (Asn-Tyr-Asn-Pro-Glu)] were detected in the fermentation broth of mutant strain fmbJ-M5-TELong. Linear lipohexapeptides (C14-17β-NH2FA-Asn-Tyr-Asn-Pro-Glu-Ser)and cyclic lipohexapeptides [C12-14, 16-17β-NH2FA (Asn-Tyr-Asn-Pro-Glu-Ser)] were detected in the fermentation broth of mutant strain fmbJ-M6-TELong. In addition, after translocation of thioesterase domain, the relative conformation of PCP-TE didomains and the interactions between two domains were changed, and the hydrophobic interaction interface was narrowed. [Conclusions] The translocation of NRPS thioesterase domain of Bacillomycin D synthase system in fmbJ strain made the products hydrolyzed and cyclized in advance, and novel lipopeptides including truncated linear lipopentapeptides, cyclic lipopentapeptides, linear lipohexapeptides and cyclic lipohexapeptides were synthesized, which provided ideas for the development of novel lipopeptides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with two-dimensional electrospinning nanofiber membranes, three-dimensional (3D) electrospinning nanofiber structures, which are preferred by people, are fluffier, and have more internal pores with good connectivity. However, most of the 3D structures built by traditional methods such as stitching and layer by layer stacking have resulted in the waste of raw materials and the layer separation phenomenon, which greatly limits the use of products. In this paper, polyurethane nanofiber structures with stable three-dimensional structure were prepared from polyurethane (PU) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) by electrospinning technology and freeze-drying technology. Through various instruments and self-assembly experiments, the morphology and structure of 3D polyurethane nanofiber structures were analyzed, and the thermal insulation, oil absorption and mechanical properties of polyurethane nanofiber structures were studied. Firstly, two-dimensional nanofiber membranes were prepared by using rotating drum as the collector during electrospinning. According to the research, when the mass ratio of Pu to PVB was 8:2, the viscosity and conductivity of the polymer solution were moderate, and the morphology of the nanofibers were desirable. There were great differences in the microstructure of two-dimensional fiber collection and three-dimensional fiber collection. SEM images showed that when the solution concentration was 14% and the mass ratio of Pu to PVB was 8:2, the fibers in two-dimensional nanofiber membranes were smooth, while the fibers in three-dimensional nanofiber structure were curled and intertwined. The infrared spectrum showed that there were characteristic absorption peaks of PU and PVB in three-dimensional polyurethane nanofiber structures at the same time. PVB could precipitate and adhere to the nanofiber structures during the process of washing and freeze-drying. Finally, the performance of 3D polyurethane nanofiber structures was tested and analyzed. Thermal conductivity test showed that the thermal coefficients of 3D nanofiber structures with PU/PVB concentrations of 12%, 14%, 16% and 18% were 0.0580, 0.0506, 0.0584 and 0.0574 W/(m · K), respectively, all lower than those of 2D nanofiber membranes. Oil absorption test showed that the adsorption rates of 3D nanofiber structure for n-hexane, vacuum pump oil, engine oil and sunflower seed oil were 3.88, 5.68, 5.2 g/g and 5.64 g/g, respectively. The adsorption rate for organic phase oil was higher than that of oil phase oil, and 3D nanofiber structures also presented notable recycling performance. Mechanical test showed that it could rebound rapidly after bearing a certain pressure for a long time. The result showed that 3D polyurethane nanofiber structure had a stable three-dimensional spatial structure which was not easy to collapse, and could be applied to a variety of fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, two-dimensional MXene have attracted more attentions owing to their excellent electrochemical performance, resulting their widely used in electrochemical energy storage field. However, traditional electrodes fabrication processes may result in the self-restacking of MXene nanosheets, which may lead to the low electrochemical performance of MXene based electrode materials. It is effective to design a three-dimensional aerogel to suppress the self-restacking of MXene nanosheets and develop high-performance MXene based electrode materials. Ti3 C2 Tx/rGO hybrid aerogel (A-TGA) with bidirectionally aligned structure through the bidirectional freeze casting and freeze drying method was prepared in this paper, and the mechanical performance of the hybrid aerogel was improved by the mild reduction of graphene oxide (GO). The A-TGA shows excellent mechanical properties and electrical conductivity, so it can be used as the electrode material for supercapacitors, the unique bidirectionally aligned structure provides barrier-free transport channels for electrolyte ions, which can greatly improve the electrochemical properties of A-TGA. The A-TGA shows a specific capacitance of 370 Fc ⋅ g-1 at 1 A⋅g-1 and delivers an outstanding cycling performance with a capacitance retention up to 94% over 5 000 cycles at 100 mV⋅s-1 scanning speed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Textile Leader is the property of China Textile Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Smart Rail Transit is the property of Smart Rail Transit Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Smart Agriculture is the property of Smart Agriculture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Wool Textile Journal is the property of National Wool Textile Science & Technology Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Textile Leader is the property of China Textile Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research progress of three-dimensional conductive polymer biosensor was discussed. Principle of conductive polymer biosensing and definition of three-dimensional structure conductive polymer were briefly introduced. Three-dimensional conductive polymer with different materials and spatial structures application in enzyme biosensor, DNA biosensor, glucose biosensor and microbial sensor was emphatically summarized. It is considered that due to better electrical conductivity and special three-dimensional spatial structure of three - dimensional conductive polymer, it can be used as biosensor modify electrical materials, which can greatly improve sensitivity and detection limit of biosensors and can be widely used in biosensor field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, c-plane GaN-based light-emitting diodes(LED) have already been mature and commercialized, but they still suffer from the issues of efficiency droop at high injection and low efficiency in the yellow-green wavelength caused by polarization electric fields. In order to eliminate the influence of polarization electric field, nonpolar/semipolar GaN has attracted people's research interest. The growth of three-dimensional GaN structures based on traditional c-plane substrates to obtain nonpolar/semipolar facets has recently been intensively studied due to its simple process and low cost. In this paper, three kinds of growth methods of GaN three-dimensional structures are summarized with the analysis of mechanisms at first. And then, the epitaxy and luminescence characteristics of InGaN quantum wells with different crystal planes based on these structures are introduced. Finally, the applications of GaN-based three-dimensional structure in semipolar LEDs, color-tunable LEDs and phosphor-free white LEDs are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Components & Materials is the property of Electronic Components & Materials and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of CT Theory & Applications is the property of Editorial Department of CT Theory & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The prediction of the three-dimensional spatial structure of chromosomes by chromosome interaction frequency data (Hi-e) has been a hot topic in epigenetic studies in recent years. It has been shown that the three-dimensional spatial structure of chromosome plays an important role in gene expression and regulation. Three-dimensional reconstruction is the basic way to study the process of cell metabolism. According to the statistical characteristics of yeast Hi-e data on different chromosomes, the mathematical model of the distribution of the cross-frequency data of each chromosome was fitted, and then the gradient ascending iterative algorithm was used to predict and reconstruct its three-dimensional structure. The evaluation index of the model was established. Experimental results showed that the model has high repeatability and prediction accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nanosized ZnO with a special three-dimensional (3D) structure was prepared by a solvothermal method using carbamide as the precipitant and then an ZnO-based ethanol gas sensitive material was obtained successfully by changing the doping amount of Ag. The phase structure and microstructure of the obtained products were characterized by XRD and SEM and the gas sensing property was tested using the static volumetric method. The results show that the gas sensing performance of 3D ZnO-based ethanol can improve effectively by doping Ag， in comparison with pure 3D-ZnO. When the amount of doping Ag is 1.5% and the volume fraction of ethanol is 0.1%， the value of gas sensor is up to 31.61， the operating temperature decreases from 350℃ to 200℃ and the response/recovery time are shorted to 10s/10s. Meanwhile， the selectivity to ethanol gas is enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Components & Materials is the property of Electronic Components & Materials and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Triazoles are the most widely used antifungal drugs in clinic with broad spectrum and high efficacy, which targets sterol １４α-demethylase (CYP５１）, an enzyme expressed by the gene EGR11, which is a key enzyme in the fungi ergosterol biosynthesis. On the one hand, the CYP５１ belongs to a transmembrane protein. It is difficult to get the exact functional structure conformation which becomes a big challenge for the development of new drugs. On the other hand, it becomes consensus that EGR１１ exon mutation cause CYP５１ structural change is one of the major reasons for antifungal drugs resistance. Therefore, study of the structural changes toward the antifungal drug resistance is quite important. The review authors have summarized the research progress on CYP５１ over the recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In higher plant, ERF subfamily transcription factor involved in growth and development, signal transduction,and regulated the expression of related genes in order to improve the resistance to the abiotic stresses, such as high temperature, low temperature, drought and salt damage. Here, the molecular characterization, tissue expression and abiotic stresses response of the AP2/ ERF-B3 group transcription factor in different tea varieties were investigated. The results will contribute to understanding the roles of AP2/ ERF-B3 transcription factor in tea plant(Camellia sinensis). The CsERF-B3 genes,which encode to the AP2/ ERF-B3 transcription factor,were cloned by RT-PCR method using cDNA as template, from two tea plant cultivars' Anjibaicha' and 'Yingshuang', respectively. Then, cDNA and deduced amino acid sequence, phylogenetic tree, physical and chemical characterization, hydrophilicity/ hydrophobicity, molecular modeling and disordered residues were analyzed by related software. The expression profiles of the CsERF-B3 gene in the tissues of tea plants(roots, stems, leaves and flowers)were detected. The leaves, which were respectively treated with 2 h under 4 kinds of abiotic stresses(4 °C low temperature, 38 °C high temperature,200 g·L-1 PEG and 200 mmol·L-1 NaCl), were also detected by the quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Then,the multiple comparisons and plotting were finished by using Excel program. The results of sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis showed that lengths of CsERF-B3 genes from the two tea plant cultivars were 639 bp, encoding 212 amino acids, respectively. The transcription factor of CsERF-B3 between 110-145 amino acid sites contained the AP2 DNA binding domain where both contained a conservative WLG and YRG element. The CsERF-B3 of tea plants was a typical AP2/ ERF family transcription factors in plants. Homologous phylogenetic tree showed that this ERF transcription factor was the closest relatives to AtERF1(AT4G17500.1)and AtERF2(AT5G47220.1)in Arabidopsis, they all belong to group B3,one group of the ERF subfamily transcription factors. The CsERF-B3 was hydrophilic protein and chemical properties were similar among related species. The CsERF-B3 and AtERF1 had similar three-dimension structure and disordered residues feature. The homologies of ABERF and YSERF were 92.1% and 93.7% compared with the DNA binding domain of crystal structure PDB ID:1gcc,respectively. The highest expression levels of the CsERF-B3 genes were found in the root of tea plant. The CsERF-B3 gene could respond quickly to high temperature(38 °C), low temperature (4 °C) and high-salinity(200 mmol·L-1 NaCl) treatments, respectively. The expression of CsERF-B3 gene was induced by abiotic stresses in tea plant, indicating that the transcription factor of AP2/ ERF-B3 plays an important role in the regulation of abiotic stress in tea plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presented a new method of 3D structure and motion analysis for articulated objects from monocular perspective images. First, an articulated object is modeled as a kinematic chain consisting of joints and links, and its joint structure is estimated within a scale factor using the connection relation ship of two links over two images. Then, twists and exponential maps in robotic manipulation are employed to represent the motion of each link, including the general motion of the base link and the rotation of other links around their joints. Finally, constraints from image point correspondences are used to estimate the motion. The simulations and experiments on real images show the correctness and efficiency of the algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting with classification of interspersed structures and related interspersing techniques, the paper studies on interspersed structures in garment design. It classifies interspersed structures into three categories: X-shaped, Y-shaped and knitted. Under body-fit principle, the relation between human body and fabric allowance of the structure is investigated and the practical operation method is illustrated with specific draped patterns, providing a new perspective of interspersed garment structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stability of virus-like particles (VLPs) is currently the main factor affecting the quality of foot-and-mouth disease VLPs vaccines. In order to further improve the quality of the VLPs vaccine of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), three amino acid modification sites were designed and screened through kinetic analysis software, based on the three-dimensional structure of FMDV. The three mutant recombinant plasmids were successfully prepared by the point mutation kit, transformed into Escherichia coli strain BL21 and expressed in vitro. After purification by Ni ion chromatography column, SDS-PAGE proved that the three amino acid mutations did not affect the expression of the target protein. The results of the stability study of three FMD mutant VLPs obtained by in vitro assembly show that the introduction of internal hydrophobic side chain amino acids made the morphology of VLPs more uniform (N4017W), and their stability was significantly improved compared to the other two VLPs. The internal hydrophobic force of the capsid contributes to the formation of VLPs and helps to maintain the stability of the capsid, providing new experimental ideas for improving the quality of VLPs vaccines, and helping to promote the development of VLPs vaccines.