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Trichloroacetic acid is a common nonvolatile byproduct of drinking water disinfection and poses carcinogenic risks to the human body. In this study, four types of nano-oxide@microcrystalline-cellulose-based adsorbents (P25@microcrystalline cellulose, SiO₂@microcrystalline cellulose (MCC-g-GMA@SiO2), Fe3O4@microcrystalline cellulose, and Fe2O3@microcrystalline cellulose) were successfully prepared by the pre-radiation grafting-embedding method. Subsequently, their ability to remove trichloroacetic acid from drinking water was investigated. The micro zonation morphology and surface properties of the materials were characterized and tested using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization methods. The effects of monomer concentration, embedding concentration, and absorbed dose on the weight gain rate were systematically investigated. A complete static adsorption equilibrium curve was obtained on the basis of the results of adsorption experiments of four buried nano-oxides. The performance of SiO2@microcrystalline cellulose was found to be significantly higher than that of the other three adsorbents. When the volum percentage of monomer concentration was 30%, the mass percentage of embedding concentration was 4%, and the absorbed dose was 60 kGy, the removal rate of trichloroacetic acid in drinking water reached 83.27%. This series of adsorbent materials present significant potential for practical application in drinking water purification.

[ Objective ] The front piedmont belt of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang is a crucial component of the mountain-oasis-desert ecosystem of the Tianshan northern slope. Investiga- ting the dynamic physiological adaptations of plants to drought stress and assessing methods for drought resistance , as well as selecting suitable tree species for vegetation restoration holds significant importance for the ecological restoration in this region. [ Methods ] 12 plant species planted in the piedmont belt of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang were selected as the subjects. The study observed the spatiotemporal distribution of soil moisture following irrigation and analyzed the impact of drought stress and rewatering treatment on plant photosynthetic and physiological indicators. The drought resist- ance of these 12 species was evaluated using principal component analysis. [ Results ] ( 1 ) Following drought stress , soil moisture depletion occurred most rapidly in the 0-20 cm layer , followed by the 20- 40 cm layer , and was slowest in the 40-60 cm layer. Different plants employed different strategies to adapt their growth to drought stress. ( 2 ) Following drought stress , net photosynthetic rate ( P n ), stoma- tal conductance ( G s ), transpiration rate ( T r ), intercellular CO 2 concentration ( C i ), potential activity of PSⅡ ( F v / F o ), maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ ( F v / F m ), electron transport rate ( ETR ), and chlorophyll content were decreased , while the activity of superoxide dismutase ( SOD ), proline content , malondialdehyde ( MDA ) content , and non-photochemical quenching coefficient ( q N ) were increased. Af- ter rehydration , there was a certain degree of recovery in each parameter , but none of them reached the in- itial levels. ( 3 ) The results of principal component analysis highlighted that factors like P n , chlorophyll content , ETR , and MDA content were major contributors. Species such as Haloxylon ammodendron , Tamarix chinensis , Rosa acicularis , and Caragana korshinskii demonstrated significant drought resili- ence. Hippophae rhamnoides , H . rhamnoides ‘ Xinji 5 ’, H . rhamnoides ‘ Xinji 1 ’, and Prunus sibirica showed moderate levels of drought resistance , while H . rhamnoides ‘ Xinji 4 ’, H . rhamnoides ‘ Xinji 3 ’, Xanthoceras sorbifolium , and H . rhamnoides ‘ Xinji 2 ’ exhibited relatively lower drought tolerance. [ Conclusion ] P n , chlorophyll content , ETR , and MDA content were crucial indicators for evaluating the adaptability of various plant species to drought stress. In the context of ecological restoration efforts in the piedmont belt of the Tianshan Mountains􀆴 northern slope in Xinjiang , prioritizing the cultivation of H . ammodendron , T . chinensis , R . acicularis , and C . korshinskii were recommended.

Objective·To explore the value of miR-499 expression levels in the serum of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in predicting the severity of coronary artery disease.Methods·Seventy-four patients with ACS admitted to Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were included and divided into a mild group of 30 cases, a moderate group of 21 cases, and a severe group of 23 cases according to the Gensini score. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technology was used to detect the expression level of serum miR-499, while troponin (cTnI), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), myoglobin (Mb), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and other laboratory indicators were measured. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the expression level of miR-499 and Gensini score, as well as the number of vessel branches in coronary artery disease. The evaluation value of miR-499 in assessing the severity of coronary artery disease was analyzed by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results·The expression level of miR-499 increased with the severity of coronary artery disease (P=0.000). The expression level of miR-499 was positively correlated with Gensini score and cTnI (r=0.331, r=0.143, P0.05), while Gensini score was not correlated with cTnI and LVEF (P>0.05). ROC analysis showed that the AUC of miR-499 for assessing the severity of coronary artery disease was 0.802 (95% CI 0.698‒0.906), with sensitivity of 65.2% and specificity of 80.4%. The expression level of miR-499 increased with the increase of the number of coronary artery lesions, and was positively correlated with the number of coronary artery lesions (r=0.368, P

As an important resource on the demand side, air-conditioning load can flexibly participate in the power system and promote new energy consumption. In the process of air-conditioning load scheduling, there are differences in thermal comfort requirements and scheduling potential among different users. How to satisfy the user differentiated thermal comfort and tap their scheduling potential is a difficult problem to consider. In response to the above problem, the thermal comfort model is firstly introduced to comprehensively quantify the user′s thermal comfort experience. Secondly, according to the human parameters in the thermal comfort model, the K-means clustering method is used to divide the user groups with different characteristics of thermal tolerance. On this basis, the air-conditioning direct load control strategy based on user differentiated thermal comfort is proposed and validated by simulation. The example analysis shows that, compared with the traditional strategy, the strategy proposed in this paper fully taps the scheduling potential of different user groups on the basis of completing the consumption task, and guarantees the thermal comfort of them.

Recently, multiple-cross polarization (multiCP) has attracted much interest owing to its favorable performance as a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance quantitative method. Relating investigations revealed that the setup of multiCP parameters relies on the properties of the samples. Diverse types of samples require different parameters. To improve the tolerance to sample properties, an improved method named MLGCP-1 was proposed in this work, which employed Lee-Goldburg cross polarization technique. L-alanine, L-valine and their mixtures were chosen as model samples to evaluate the performance of MLGCP-1 method. multiCP experiments were also conducted for comparison. Based on the test of molecular group ratio, it was revealed that the range of contact time tp of MLGCP-1 was larger than that of multiCP, which improved from 1.0~1.3 ms to 0.8~2.0 ms. Moreover, according to the study of L-valine and mixtures, it was revealed that the range of tp was influenced by the difference of cross relaxation time TCH. Large TCH difference limited tp range for quantification. This manner was in accordance with multiCP. However, the tp range of MLGCP-1 was markedly enlarged in comparison with multiCP, presenting higher tolerance to the sample properties.

Background and purpose: The recurrence rate of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) is high. There are few studies on the risk factors of recurrence in NMIBC patients after initial TURBT. Our study aimed to screen the high-risk population and take corresponding preventive intervention measures by analyzing the risk factors of recurrence in NMIBC patients after initial TURBT. Methods: A total of 197 NMIBC patients who received initial TURBT in The Cancer Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China from December 2015 to May 2020 were selected and followed up for 24 to 77 months. Patients were divided into recurrence group (48 cases) and non-recurrence group (149 cases) according to the results. Univariate analysis was performed on the clinical data of the two groups, and the indicators with statistical significance were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis to screen the possible risk factors of recurrence. Results: Univariate analysis showed that the difference was statistically significant between two groups in gross hematuria, secondary resection, T1 stage, high grade tumor, multiple tumor and lack of immediate intravesical therapy (P 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes and the ratio of neutrophils and hemoglobin to lymphocytes showed no statistically significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that T1 stage, high grade tumor, multiple tumor and lack of immediate intravesical therapy were independent risk factors of recurrence in NMIBC patients after initial TURBT (P 1). Conclusion: The recurrence of NMIBC patients after initial TURBT is closely related to tumor stage, tumor grade, tumor number and immediate intravesical therapy. Corresponding intervention measures can be taken to reduce the postoperative recurrence rate in initial NMIBC patients.

Mercury intrusion experiment is widely used in porous material characterization because of its simple model, wide testing range, high speed and high precision. However, lignite samples are easy to be affected by Hemp skin effect and matrix compression effect due to low metamorphic degree, weak compaction and soft coal quality, resulting in large error in test results. In order to improve the test accuracy, the mercury injection data of lignite samples in Erlian basin were corrected. Firstly, based on the cumulative mercury injection curve and fractal characteristics, the displacement pressure and hemp skin coefficient are determined. Secondly, aiming at the deficiency of traditional matrix compression correction method in low-pressure section and over correction in high-pressure section, a new method based on cubic spline interpolation and subsection to obtain matrix compression coefficient of coal sample is proposed to improve data utilization and accuracy of correction results. Finally, the pore development of lignite samples in this area was analyzed by combining mercury injection and liquid nitrogen adsorption experimental data. The results show that the hemp skin effect mainly affects the pressure range of < 0.0274 MPa, and the average hemp skin coefficient is 16.9%. Based on the new method, the average matrix compressibility of lignite samples in this area ranges from 1.73 to 3.48 × 10−4 MPa−1, with an average of 2.28 × 10−4 MPa−1. With the increase of pore fluid pressure, organic matter content and mineral based humic group content, the matrix compressibility increases. Before and after correction, the mercury intake decreases by 0.0383-0.079 2 mL/g, with an average decrease of 35.1%. The pore volume (> 1.7 nm) of lignite in the study area is between 0.03-0.25 cm3/g, with an average of 0.15 cm3/g. The average pore volume from micropore to macropore is 12.5%, 16.8%, 16.2% and 54.5%, respectively. The specific surface area of B-E-T is between 2.4-37.19 m2/g, with an average of 13.85 m2/g, which is mainly provided by micropores. The pore size distribution curve of coal sample can be divided into I (>5 μm), Ⅱ(0.1-5 μm), Ⅲ(

In order to study the characteristics of porosity, permeability and stress sensitivity of middle rank coal reservoir in Tucheng syncline and their influence on coalbed methane exploitation, coal core samples of coal seams 1#, 3#, 5#, 15#, 17#, 291# and 292# in Tucheng syncline were collected. Based on the overburden porosity and permeability test, the variation law of porosity and permeability with effective stress of each coal reservoir is compared, and the sensitivity of effective stress of each coal reservoir is analyzed by using the parameters of porosity stress damage rate, permeability stress damage rate and permeability curvature. The results show that: with the increase of effective stress, the coal reservoir porosity and gas permeability were negative exponent; the stress sensitivity coefficient of test coal reservoir is 0.035-0.073 MPa-1, and the stress sensitivity regression coefficient of 3# coal sample is the largest; the stress damage rate of porosity increases with the increase of effective stress, and the stress damage rate of 3# coal sample with shallow burial depth is relatively large. The permeability stress damage rate increases exponentially with the increase of effective stress, and the permeability damage rate of 3# coal sample is obviously larger than that of other coal samples. The permeability curvature of coal reservoir decreases exponentially with the increase of effective stress.Under the same effective stress, the stress sensitivity of 3# coal seam is greater than that of 5#, 15# and 29# coal seam, and the stress sensitivity of 1# and 17# coal seam is the weakest.

Objective To investigate the effect of Liu-Shen-Wan on transplanted tumors in mice with colon cancer based on the polarization of M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Methods We established a subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of mice with CT26 colon cancer. Mice were randomly divided into vehicle, oxaliplatin, and oxaliplatin combined with Liu-Shen-Wan groups. Treatment was administered for three weeks, and tumor volume was measured. All mice were weighed during the administration. After the end of the treatment, the mice were dissected and tumors were photographed and weighed. Spleen index was calculated. The expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-12P40 in serum and related blood biochemical indices were measured. The expression levels of M2 macrophage polarization indices, namely, IL-10 and TGF-β, in serum and tumor tissues were detected. The infiltration degree of M2 macrophages in each group was observed by immunohistochemical experiments. Results The tumor volume and mouse weight in the oxaliplatin combined with Liu-Shen-Wan group significantly decreased compared with those in the vehicle group. The spleen index increased, and the expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-12P40 in serum also significantly increased. The mice had no obvious side effects after the drug treatment. In addition, the expression levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in the serum and tissues of mice in the oxaliplatin combined with Liu-Shen-Wan group significantly decreased. The expression levels of CD68 and CD206 in tumor tissues also decreased. Conclusion The anti-tumor effect of Liu-Shen-Wan on the transplanted tumors of mice with colon cancer is related to the inhibition of M2 macrophage polarization in the tumor microenvironment.

Objective: To develop selenium-enriched （Se-enriched） Moringa oleifera seed protein resources. Methods: Using Se-enriched Moringa oleifera seed protein powder as raw material, the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of Se-enriched Moringa oleifera seed protein antihypertensive peptides from Se-enriched Moringa oleifera seed protein were obtained by single factor and response surface optimization, and the ACE inhibitory activity, Se content and stability of the optimal enzymatic hydrolysate were analyzed. Results: The optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of Se-enriched Moringa oleifera were as follows: enzymatic hydrolysis time 3 h, temperature 34 ℃, pH 8, concentration of substrate 7%, enzyme to substrate ratio 0.3%. Under these conditions, the semi-inhibitory concentration of ACE of the peptides was 1.956 mg/mL. The Se content of the antihypertensive peptide was 1.394 mg/kg, which was 1.1 times that of the raw protein. Moreover, the antihypertensive peptides （5 mg/mL） had good thermal stability and acid-base stability, and could still maintain good ACE inhibitory activity after digestion by gastrointestinal enzyme system in vitro. Conclusion: The Se-enriched Moringa oleifera seed protein antihypertensive peptides obtained by response surface optimization showed strong ACE inhibitory activity and good stability.

This paper summarized the nursing management for a patient with intracerebral hemorrhage due to ruptured cerebral arteriovenous malformation and neurogenic pulmonary edema. Based on the monitoring of postoperative vital signs of the patient, efforts were made in the following aspects: Early identification and intervention on normal perfusion pressure breakthrough syndrome; Ensuring the effective cerebral perfusion pressure during control of blood pressure and intracranial pressure; Early identification and nursing of neurogenic pulmonary edema; Enhancing the postoperative airway, fluid and volume management; Providing lung protective ventilation strategy; Carrying out awakenings and awareness recovery for the patient with chronic disorders of consciousness. (本文总结1例脑动静脉畸形破裂出血并发神经源性肺水肿患者的护理体会。术后在严密监测神志、瞳孔、生命体征变化基础上, 对正常灌注压突破综合征进行早期识别及干预, 在控制性降压及颅内压的同时保证有效的脑灌注压; 做好神经源性肺水肿的早期识别及护理, 在扩容的同时预防肺水肿进一步加重; 做好患者的呼吸道管理及容量管理, 给予正确的肺保护通气策略, 细化出入量; 对慢性意识障碍进行促醒康复, 促进患者早日康复。)

Objective To investigate the expression, function and potential mechanism of circular RNA circVCAN(also known as hsa-circ-0073239)in fetal growth restriction (FGR) placenta. Methods The placenta tissue samples were collected from 24 pregnant women (12 with FGR and 12 normal pregnancy) admitted in our hospital from January to December 2018. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to detect the expression of circVCAN in these placenta samples. Human placental trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo was cultured and then transfected with circVCAN interference and overexpression plasmid, respectively. EdU assay, flow cytometer and Transwell assay were carried out respectively to verify the variations in the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion abilities of the cells. And the expression of autophagy related proteins LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ, ATG5 and ATG7 was measured by Western blotting. Results The expression levels of circVCAN, ATG5, ATG7 and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰwere significantly higher in FGR placenta tissue than in the normal group (P < 0.01). The termination of pregnancy was earlier in FGR patients than in normal group (P < 0.05), with newborns from the FGR group having lower birth body weight (P < 0.01) and placenta weight (P < 0.05) as well as shorter birth body length (P < 0.01) when compared with those from the normal group. Silencing of circVCAN resulted in enhanced proliferation and invasion abilities in HTR8/SVneo cells (P < 0.01), while circVCAN overexpression led to decreased proliferation and invasion abilities in the cells (P < 0.01), but no statistical difference was seen in the apoptotic rate (P>0.05). The expression levels of autophagy related proteins LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ, ATG5 and ATG7 were significantly lower in circVCAN interfered cells (P < 0.05), while higher in circVCAN overexpressed cells (P < 0.05). Conclusion CircVCAN is highly expressed in FGR placenta tissue, though it showing no effect on apoptosis but inhibiting the proliferation and invasion of HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells, and may enhance autophagy by promoting the expression of ATG5 and ATG7.

The basic structure, working principle, and the development process and research status of resistive random access memory (RRAM) were outlined. Material systems, including dielectric materials, electrode materials, and substrate materials, as well as broad trends and recent researches of flexible RRAM were summarized; the performance characteristics of flexible RRAM, including storage performance and mechanics performance, were analyzed. The significance and challenge of developing flexible RRAM were explicated. Problems existing in this area and possible approaches to the problems were also put forward. It was concluded that the highly conductive stretchable electrode and the steadily stored stretchable dielectric are primary direction in the future.

The pore development characteristics of 7 main coal seams in Tucheng Mining Area were studied by mercury injection test and scanning electron microscope. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） observation shows that there are primary pores, pores, dissolution pores, mold holes, intergranular pores, micro cracks, etc. The primary pores and pores are distributed in belts and groups, and the connectivity of large pores between pores is poor; mercury injection test shows that the mercury injection pore volume of 3# coal seam is large and the proportion of medium pores is relatively large, and the pore volume of other coal seams is mainly small micropores, and the specific surface area of micropores is dominant; mercury injection curves of 3# coal seam are type I and type II, the mercury injection curves of 9#, 12#, 15# and 17# coal are type II, and the pores are mainly open pores with good connectivity; 291#, 292# coal mercury injection curves are type III, and the pores are mainly semi-closed pores with poor connectivity. The porosity, pore volume and specific surface area of coal reservoir are negatively correlated with the increase of vitrinite reflectivity, positively correlated with vitrinite components, negatively correlated with inorganic components, and weakly negatively correlated with water content and ash content. Through comparative analysis, it is considered that the 3# coal seam in the mining area has preferential pore conditions for CBM development.

[Introduction] The selection of types and sites of underground repository for compressed air storage is one of the most important issues of large scale compressed air energy storage (CAES) plant planning. [Method] The advantages and disadvantages of 4 types of underground repository for compressed air storage were concluded based on comparison of analyzing literatures published domestic and oversea. The geology characteristics and distribution region of the suitable hard stratum for construction of underground rock cavern were also analyzed. The technology feasibility of rock cavern for compressed air storage was validated by the in-situ experiment results obtained from the first pilot repository for CAES in China. Sites planning method of underground repository for large scale CAES plant was studied taking Guangdong province for example. [Result] Rock caverns built in salt and hard rock stratum are the most feasible types of the underground cavern for CAES plant and hard rock stratum widely exists in most windy and solar energy abundant aera in China. [Conclusion] Wide distribution of the suitiable stratum for underground cavern construction in intermittent energy generation area solves the difficult problem of site selection for large scale CAES plant. Experiment data indicates that good quality of the rock mass is helpful for the solution of key problems such stability and sealing of underground cavern. All in all, it is feasiblity in technology at the present stage in China.

In view of the controversial problem of damage zone in stress field intensity method,a method was proposed to determine damage zone by stress contour. Stress contour calculating steps were given. The example was given to demonstrate the calculating process. The result of the example analysis shows that the damage zone is not a regular and spherical zone,but is irregular. The method can reflect the real damage zone and is accord with the fatigue mechanism. The damage zone size and the load applied show a quadratic curve relationship and monotone increase. This method considers the changing load’s effect on the damage zone and even large load is applied it still can accurately predict the fatigue life of components. In order to prove the universality of the method,two examples with different notch shapes and load forms were given to verify. The result shows that the method can accurately predict the fatigue life of components with any notch shape and any load form and good predicted results have been achieved.

For a better analysis of the in-situ stress distribution and its influence on coalbed methane exploration and development in east margin of Ordos Basin, the evolution of in-situ stress field and its variation of horizental and vertical extensions were acquired, and its effect on coalbed methane reservoirs was discussed, based on regional tectonic evolution and injection falloff well test parameters.The results show that:the direction of principal stress changed from NW-SE in Yanshan Movement to the NE-SW in Xishan Movement, which released the strata compaction to some extent;the lateral pressure coefficient is generally lower than 1, which shows that the study area is of an tension environment;the present reservoir pressures are low, result in the most of the reservoirs in under-pressure conditions;the in-situ stresses generally show a positive linear relationship with depth, which are generally banded by the 800~1, 100 m, with the deeper strata in more compressed conditions.The study area is generally favorable for coalbed methane development, however, different areas show different development transition depths, with the Liulin area of 800 m and Hancheng of 1, 000 m.

In this paper,we study the rolling friction of the triangular tooth friction wheel and the flexible track under the condition of small deformation contact. According to the Crook ’s elastic plastic rolling friction theory,the flexible rail is established by the finite element model,and the rolling friction coefficient and rolling friction are analyzed. Rolling friction force measurement is designed to measure the rolling friction torque,the theoretical value and the calculated value are compared,and the suitable rolling friction model is obtained.

A type of low-carbon reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steel is designed.The microstructure and mechanical properties of tested steels prepared by different technologies were investigated by means of scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and tensile test. The chemical composition of precipitations of tested steels are inspected by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), meanwhile the law of precipitation phase of low carbon low activation FM steel was studied by thermodynamic calculations. The results show that the best mechanical properties are obtained by tempering at 750℃ for 1h after quenched from heating at 980℃ for 1h.The low carbon RAFM steel meeting performance standards can be produced. The precipitations are composed of M23C6 and MX.M23C6 carbide precipitates mainly in the process of below 950℃ rolling and heat treatment. However MX mainly precipitates in the process of rolling, and the secondary precipitation seldom occurs during the process of heat treatment and rapid cooling.

The effects of Ru on the as-cast, heat-treated microstructures and stress rupture properties under 1100-1150 ℃ were investigated in new generation Ni-based single crystal superalloys DD22 with two levels of Ru (0% and 2%, mass fraction) additions. The results indicate that the addition of Ru results in the decrease of the solidus and liquidus temperatures, the volume fraction of (γ+γ') eutectic as well as solidification segregation. The size of γ' phase and elemental partitioning ratio of Re and Cr which are important for the precipitation of TCP phase decreases after heat treatment with Ru addition. Ru addition decreases the size of γ' phase, increases γ/γ' misfit and solution strengthening effect and inhibits the precipitation of TCP phase in the process of stress rupture loading, which finally improve the stress rupture properties of DD22 alloy significantly.

According to the characteristics of waste PCB（ Printed Circuit Board）,an energy-efficient disassembly device was designed in this paper. PCB was heated by high temperature and high speed gas. And then the THD（ Through Hole Device）and SMD（ Surface Mount Devices） on PCB were removed by spiral hob. The cutter parameters were optimized for the optimization goal the minimum damage of THD. The research results showed that: When the diameter of the knife roller is 30 mm,the helix angle is 26°,the blade pressure angle of 0°,spiral line number is 4,the dismantling effect of THD is the best.New methods and technologies are provided for the efficient,green waste PCB recycling processing.

Taking the slewing gear of anti- radiation hydraulic excavator as study object,the 3D model of slewing gear is established by using Pro / E,the correct meshing parameters of slewing gear meshing transmission are determined,and the slewing gear mesh dynamics simulation is carried on in ADAMS. The simulation results of rotating speed of gear ring,meshing force and the frequency of the meshing force are much the same as the theoretical calculation value,the accuracy and reliability of the model are verified. Finally,the influences of different rotation speed and torque on meshing force are analyzed. The simulation results can provide the basis of the calculation for strength check and optimization design of slewing gear.

With Nominal Stress Method of pumping unit horse head fatigue life prediction results deviate from the actual,introduction of the Stress Field Intensity Approach,the prediction step of the two methods is given. Based on the cyclic and alternating load analysis of horse head,do static simulation in the ANSYS simulation environment,calculate stress under the ultimate load; do Quasi-static simulation,calculate stress and partial damage regional stress field which changes over time.According to the steps,deal with the simulation results and get the fatigue life prediction of the two kinds of methods. Making count a figure of horse head life and fit the fatigue life distribution to verify accuracy of the two methods,analysis the reason of different result error. The result shows that the Stress Field Intensity Approach forecasting accuracy is higher,predicted result fits the actual.

The 13th Five-Year Plan (2016─2020), with the balanced development of population being the core element, is crucial for China. The superimposed effect of an aging population and low birthrate leading to a reduction in the labor supply would have a fundamental influence on the long term balanced development of China’s population, implying that China’s population policy must be adjusted. This paper argues that a gradual relaxation of the family-planning policy adjustments accords with the original intention of the population policy design and development direction. The universal second-child policy is the logical results of the adjustment and improvement of China’s family-planning policy, and is designed to bring about positive effects on future demographic and economic development, particularly in sustaining the long term balanced development of China’s population, easing the marriage squeeze, extending the demographic dividend, and delaying the population aging process. China needs to develop and improve support and governance systems for fully implementing the universal second-child policy, realizing the policy transition from rewarding one-child families to population security and the modern transition of governance systems and capacity to a universal second-child policy

China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) carried out 2D high-density seismic surveys in western and eastern China from 2003 and 3D high-density seismic surveys in Tazhong area of Tarim Basin, Northwest margin of Junggar Basin, Qiulin Oilfield of Tuha Basin, Songliao Basin, Huanxiling of Liaohe Oilfield, and beach area of Jidong Oilfield from 2006. The total coverage area of 3D high-density seismic surveys was 654 km2 of which 100 km2 was 3D and 3C digital seismic. The surveys achieved preferable results under the high-coverage data acquisition and new data processing technologies. Technical advancement makes it possible to apply large-scale high-density seismic surveys. We can use the imaging trace density to scale whether the geometry is high-density seismic sampling in order to meet the requirement of prestack data processing. In the principle of spatial sampling with “sufficiency, equality, symmetry, and continuity”, and in combination with the geological targets and the problems to be solved, the integrated performance of acquisition, processing, and interpretation shall be the orientation of high-density seismic technologies in CNPC in future. Key words: CNPC, high-density seismic, seismic technologies, technical test

In view of problems of bad performance of anti-interference and difficult maintenance, the paper proposed a design scheme of mine-used intelligent combination switch based on PLC. It gave general structure of main electrical circuit of the switch and introduced design of hardware and software of electrical control circuit namely PLC system of the switch in details. The result of actual test showed that the switch runs reliably and can realize various protections rapidly, which ensures safety and continuity for underground production.

Objective: To compare the prognosis of elderly patients with gastric and colorectal cancer treated with different nutritional support methods. Methods: Elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors who received surgical treatment in Beijing Hospital from January 2019 to June 2020 were retrospectively included and divided into malnourished group and non-malnourished group according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM). The patients were divided into parenteral nutrition (PN) group, enteral nutrition (EN) group and enteral+parenteral nutrition (EN+PN) group according to the nutritional support. The prognosis of patients with different nutritional support treatment was compared. Results: A total of 426 elderly patients with gastric and colorectal tumors underwent surgical treatment were included, including 287 males and 139 females, aged 65-91 (72±6) years. There were 186 cases in malnourished group and 240 cases in non-malnourished group. A total of 257 patients received nutritional support therapy, including 108 cases in PN group, 48 cases in EN group and 101 cases in EN+PN group. The body mass index (BMI) of malnutrition group was lower than that of non-malnutrition group [(20.5±3.4) vs (23.7±2.8) kg/m 2 , P <0.001], and the score of nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002) [ M ( Q 1 , Q <0.001]. The total hospitalization time of patients in EN group was shorter than that in PN group and EN+PN group [(11.9±4.0) vs (16.5±6.5) and (19.2±7.1) d, all 3 <0.001]. The total hospitalization time in PN group was shorter than that in EN+PN group [(16.5±6.5) vs (19.2±7.1) d, P <0.001]. The total hospitalization time of patients in EN group was shorter than that in PN group and EN+PN group [(11.9±4.0) vs (16.5±6.5) and (19.2±7.1) d, all P <0.001]. The total hospitalization time in PN group was shorter than that in EN+PN group [(16.5±6.5) vs (19.2±7.1) d, P =0.005]. The total incidence of complications in EN group was lower than that in PN group [0 vs 9.3% (10/108), P =0.030] and EN+PN group [0 vs 19.8% (20/101), P <0.001]. The incidence of total complications in PN group was lower than that in EN+PN group [9.3% (10/108) vs 19.8% (20/101), P =0.030]. Conclusion: Among the three nutritional supportive treatment modalities: EN, PN, and EN+PN, patients receiving EN support treatment have a shorter total hospitalization time and a lower complication rate.

Objectives: To investigate the expression of signal recognition particle 14 (SRP14) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its clinical significance., Methods: The data of SRP14 expression in HCC were obtained from bioinformatics study, and from investigation with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting in clinical samples. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine the associations between SRP14 mRNA expression and the overall survival, progression-free survival, and disease-specific survival of HCC patients. The effect of SRP14 on the proliferation and migration of HCC cells were determined by EdU staining, MTS, Transwell and wound-healing assays. The potential mechanism for SRP14 regulating HCC was explored through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis as well as qRT-PCR., Results: According to the data from GSE14520, TNMplot database and clinical samples, compared with paired tumor-adjacent tissues, non-paired tumor-adjacent tissues and normal tissues, the mRNA expression of SPR14 in HCC tissues was upregulated (all P <0.05). In clinical samples, compared with paired tumor-adjacent tissues, the protein expression of SPR14 in HCC tissues was increased ( P <0.05). The increased mRNA expression of SRP14 was associated with good overall survival, progression-free survival, and disease-specific survival in HCC patients. SRP14 inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells in vitro . According to the KEGG and GO enrichment analysis, in non-specific HCC, the genes co-expressed with SRP14 may predominantly regulate protein synthesis, processing, and transport, while in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease related HCC, the genes co-expressed with SRP14 could control multiple signaling pathways such as MAPK, cAMP, PI3K-Akt, and Wnt. Mechanistically, SRP14 up-regulated the mRNA expression of tumor suppressor gene GPRC5A inHCC cells ( P <0.05)., Conclusions: SRP14 may regulate HCC progression and influence patient prognosis.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of preemptive analgesia with ibuprofen on postoperative pain following single posterior tooth implantation, aiming to provide a clinical reference for its application. Methods: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group trial was conducted. A total of 82 participants were included in the trial, meeting the eligibility criteria from April 2022 to April 2024 at the Capital Medical University School of Stomatology (40 cases), Beijing TianTan Hospital, Capital Medical University (22 cases), Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University (20 cases). Participants were randomly assigned in a 1∶1 ratio to either the ibuprofen group or the control group, with each group comprising 41 individuals. Participants in the ibuprofen group received 300 mg of sustained-release ibuprofen capsules orally 15 min before surgery, while the control group received a placebo. Both groups received the same postoperative analgesic regimen for 3 days. Pain scores were assessed using the Numerical rating scale (NRS) at 30 min, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h postoperatively, and the additional use of analgesic medication was recorded from days 4 to 6 postoperatively. Results: A total of 82 participants were initially enrolled in the study, with 7 dropouts (4 from the control group and 3 from the ibuprofen group), resulting in 75 participants (37 in the control group and 38 in the ibuprofen group) completing the trial. There were no reports of adverse events such as nausea or vomiting among the participants. The ibuprofen group exhibited significantly lower pain scores at 4 h, 6 h and 8 h [1.0 (0.0, 2.0), 1.0 (0.0, 2.0), 1.5 (0.0, 3.0) ] postoperatively compared to the control group 4 h, 6 h and 8 h [2.0 (1.0, 3.0), 3.0 (1.5, 4.0), 2.0 (1.0, 4.0)] ( Z =-1.99, P =0.047; Z =-3.01, P =0.003; Z =2.10, P =0.036). The proportions of patients requiring additional analgesic medication between days 4 and 6 post-surgery were 18.4% (7/38) in the ibuprofen group and 27.0% (10/37) in the control group, with no significant difference (χ 2 =0.79, P =0.373). The median additional medication usage postoperatively was [0.0 (0.0, 0.0) pills] in the ibuprofen group and [0.0 (0.0, 1.0) pills] in the control group, with no significant difference ( Z =-0.78, P =0.439). Conclusions: Preemptive analgesia with ibuprofen effectively reduces postoperative pain following tooth implantation, representing a safe and effective perioperative pain management strategy.

Objective: To observe the effects of Zhoutian moxibustion on pain symptoms and serum inflammatory factors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis of cold-damp obstruction., Methods: Eighty-four patients with ankylosing spondylitis of cold-damp obstruction were randomly divided into a Zhoutian moxibustion group (42 cases, 2 cases dropped out) and a governor vessel moxibustion group (42 cases, 2 cases dropped out, 1 case discontinued). Both groups were given oral administration of sulfasalazine enteric-coated tablets as basic treatment. The governor vessel moxibustion group was treated with moxibustion box from Dazhui (GV 14) to Yaoyangguan (GV 3), one hour per treatment; the Zhoutian moxibustion group was treated with moxibustion box from Tiantu (CV 22) to Zhongji (CV 3) in addition to the governor vessel moxibustion group, two hours per treatment. Both groups were treated once every 3 days, twice a week, for a total of 9 weeks. The pain symptom scores of the two groups were observed before treatment and at the 3rd, 6th, and 9th weeks into treatment. ELISA was used to detect the levels of serum interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated after treatment., Results: Except for the joint pain scores at the 3rd week into treatment, the total scores and the each sub-item score of pain symptom in the two groups were lower than those before treatment at the 3rd, 6th, and 9th weeks into treatment ( P <0.05); at the 3rd, 6th, and 9th weeks into treatment, the total scores of pain symptom and the scores of lumbar sacral pain, back pain, joint cold pain, and limited mobility in the Zhoutian moxibustion group were lower than those in the governor vessel moxibustion group ( P <0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum IL-1β, IL-18 and TNF-α in both groups were lower than those before treatment ( P <0.05), and the levels of serum IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α in the Zhoutian moxibustion group were lower than those in the governor vessel moxibustion group ( P <0.05). The total effective rate was 90.0% (36/40) in the Zhoutian moxibustion group, which was higher than 76.9% (30/39) in the governor vessel moxibustion group ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: Zhoutian moxibustion could effectively improve various pain symptoms in patients with ankylosing spondylitis of cold-damp obstruction, and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors.

Objective: To explore the effect of salvia miltiorrhiza combined with roxadustat on wound healing of full-thickness skin defects in diabetic rats and its mechanism. Methods: This study was an experimental study. Twenty male 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were used to successfully establish diabetic model, then full-thickness skin defect wounds on their backs were made. The rats were divided into normal saline group, roxadustat alone group, salvia miltiorrhiza alone group, and roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group according to the random number table, with 5 rats in each group. Immediately after injury, the rats in normal saline group were given 5 mL normal saline by gavage, the rats in roxadustat alone group were given 1.5 mg/mL roxadustat suspension by gavage at 25 mg/kg, the rats in salvia miltiorrhiza alone group were given 18 mg/mL salvia miltiorrhiza suspension by gavage at 300 mg/kg, and the rats in roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group were given 19.5 mg/mL roxadustat and salvia miltiorrhiza suspension at roxadustat 25 mg/kg and salvia miltiorrhiza 300 mg/kg. All were administered once a day for 2 weeks. The wounds at 0 (immediately), 4, 8, and 12 d after injury were observed, and the wound healing rates at 4, 8, and 12 d after injury were calculated ( n =5). At 14 d after injury, abdominal aortic blood was collected, and hemoglobin, red cell count, and white blood cell count were detected ( n =5). The wound tissue was collected for hematoxylin-eosin staining to observe inflammatory infiltration, skin tissue structure, and neovascularization, for Masson staining to observe the proportion of collagen fiber ( n =3), for Western blotting to detect the protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD31, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and IL-1β ( n =3), and for immunohistochemical staining to determine the protein expression levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), with sample number of 3. Results: From 0 to 12 d after injury, the wound areas of rats in 4 groups were gradually decreased. At 4 d after injury, the wound healing rates of rats in salvia miltiorrhiza alone group and roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group were significantly higher than those in normal saline group and roxadustat alone group ( P <0.05). At 8 d after injury, the wound healing rates of rats in roxadustat alone group and salvia miltiorrhiza alone group were significantly higher than the rate in normal saline group ( P <0.05), and the wound healing rate of rats in roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group was significantly higher than the rates in the other 3 groups (with P values all <0.05). At 12 d after injury, the wound healing rates of rats in roxadustat alone group, salvia miltiorrhiza alone group, and roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group were significantly higher than the rate in normal saline group ( P <0.05). At 14 d after injury, there were no statistically significant differences in the hemoglobin or red blood cell count of rats in 4 groups ( P <0.05). The white blood cell count of rats in roxadustat alone group, salvia miltiorrhiza alone group, and roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group were respectively (24.3±1.2)×10 9 /L, (26.3±2.4)×10 9 /L, and (15.0±0.7)×10 9 /L, which were significantly lower than (33.8±2.7)×10 9 /L in normal saline group ( P <0.05); the white blood cell count of rats in roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group was significantly lower than that in roxadustat alone group and salvia miltiorrhiza alone group (with P values both <0.05). At 14 d after injury, a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration, disordered skin tissue structure, and few new blood vessels were observed in the wounds of rats in normal saline group; while a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration, tight skin tissue structure, and rich neovascularization were observed in the wounds of rats in the other 3 groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of collagen fiber of wounds in rats among the 4 groups ( P >0.05). At 14 d after injury, the protein expression levels of VEGF and CD31 in the wound tissue of rats in roxadustat alone group, salvia miltiorrhiza alone group, and roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group were significantly higher than those in normal saline group ( P <0.05), the protein expression level of CD31 in the wound tissue of rats in roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group was significantly higher than the levels in roxadustat alone group and salvia miltiorrhiza alone group (with P values both <0.05). At 14 d after injury, the protein expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the wound tissue of rats in roxadustat alone group, salvia miltiorrhiza alone group, and roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group were significantly lower than those in normal saline group ( P <0.05); the protein expression levels of IL-6 and IL-1β in the wound tissue of rats in roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group were significantly lower than those in roxadustat alone group and salvia miltiorrhiza alone group ( P <0.05); the protein expression level of TNF-α in the wound tissue of rats in roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group was significantly lower than that in salvia miltiorrhiza alone group ( P <0.05). At 14 d after injury, the protein expression level of EGFR in the wound tissue of rats in roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group was significantly higher than the levels in the other 3 groups (with P values all <0.05); the protein expression levels of HIF-1α in the wound tissue of rats in roxadustat alone group and roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group were significantly higher than the level in normal saline group ( P <0.05), and the protein expression level of HIF-1α in the wound tissue of rats in roxadustat+salvia miltiorrhiza group was significantly higher than that in salvia miltiorrhiza alone group ( P <0.05); there were no statistically significant differences in the protein expression level of PCNA in the wound tissue of rats in 4 groups ( P >0.05). Conclusions: Roxadustat combined with salvia miltiorrhiza can promote the wound healing of full-thickness skin defects in diabetic rats by promoting blood vessel regeneration and reducing inflammatory response.

Objectives: To analyze the status and temporal changes of disability-adjusted life year (DALY) for stomach and colorectal cancers among registered permanent residents in Changning District of Shanghai Municipality, and provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of stomach and colorectal cancers in this district. Methods: Using the cancer registration data of stomach and colorectal cancers from 2002 to 2019, we estimated the indices such as the DALYs, the DALY crude rates, the age-standardized DALY rates, etc. Then we used the Joinpoint regression model to calculate the average annual percent change (AAPC) and annual percent change (APC) to explore the temporal variations in different periods. Results: The DALYs of stomach and colorectal cancers in Changning District from 2002 to 2019 were 55 931 person years and 65 252 person years, respectively. The crude rates of DALY were 512.16/10 5 and 597.51/10 5 , respectively. We observed a higher disease burden in men than in women, and the peak rate of DALY in stomach cancer was in the 75-79 years age group, while in colorectal cancer the rate was in the 85-years-or-older age group. Joinpoint regression analysis showed that from 2002 to 2019, the age-standardized DALY rate of stomach cancer showed a downward trend (AAPC=-3.86%, P ＜0.05), while the trend of colorectal cancer was not statistically significant(AAPC=-0.08%, P ＞0.05). However, the trends in the age-standardized DALY rates of colorectal cancer were different between males and females, with males showing an upward trend (AAPC=1.24%, P ＜0.05) and females showing a downward trend (AAPC=-1.67%, P ＜0.05). Conclusions: The DALY of stomach and colorectal cancers in Changning District of Shanghai showed a decreasing trend. Males and the middle-aged and elderly populations are still the key targets for disease prevention and control in this district.

Objectives: To explore the antitumor effects of redox-responsive nanoparticles containing platinum(Ⅳ)-NP@Pt(Ⅳ) in ovarian cancer. Methods: Redox-responsive polymer carriers were synthesized. Polymer carriers and platinum(Ⅳ)-Pt(Ⅳ) can self-assemble into NP@Pt(Ⅳ). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was performed to detect the platinum release from NP@Pt(Ⅳ) in reducing environment and the platinum content in ovarian cancer cells ES2 treated with cisplatin, Pt(Ⅳ) and NP@Pt(Ⅳ). The proliferation ability of the ovarian cancer cells were detected by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cellular apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. Collection of primary ovarian cancer tissues from patients with primary high-grade serous ovarian cancer who were surgically treated at the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from October to December 2022. The high-grade serous ovarian cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice were intravenously injected with Cy7.5 labeled NP@Pt(Ⅳ) followed by in vivo imaging system. Mice were treated with PBS, cisplatin and NP@Pt(Ⅳ). Tumor volume and weight were measured in each group. Necrosis, apoptosis and cell proliferation of tumor tissues were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, TUNEL fluorescence staining and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry staining. Body weight and HE staining of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of mice in each group were measured. Results: The platinum release of NP@Pt(Ⅳ) after 48 hours in reducing environment was 76.29%, which was significantly higher than that of 26.82% in non-reducing environment ( P <0.001). The platinum content in ES2 cells after 4 hours and 7 hours of treatment with NP@Pt(Ⅳ) (308.59, 553.15 ng/million cells) were significantly higher than those of Pt(Ⅳ) (100.21, 180.31 ng/million cells) and cisplatin (43.36, 50.36 ng/million cells, P ＜0.05). The half inhibitory concentrations of NP@Pt(Ⅳ) in ovarian cancer cells ES2, A2780, A2780DDP were 1.39, 1.42 and 4.62 μmol/L, respectively, which were lower than those of Pt(IV) (2.89, 7.27, and 16.74 μmol/L) and cisplatin (5.21, 11.85, and 71.98 μmol/L). The apoptosis rate of ES2 cells treated with NP@Pt(Ⅳ) was (33.91±3.80)%, which was significantly higher than that of Pt(Ⅳ) [(16.28±2.41)%] and cisplatin [(15.01±1.17)%, P ＜0.05]. In high-grade serous ovarian cancer PDX model, targeted accumulation of Cy7.5 labeled NP@Pt(Ⅳ) at tumor tissue could be observed. After the treatment, the tumor volume of mice in NP@Pt(IV) group was (130±98) mm 3 , which was significantly lower than those in control group [(1 349±161) mm 3 , P <0.001] and cisplatin group [(715±293) mm 3 , P =0.026]. The tumor weight of mice in NP@Pt(IV) group was (0.17±0.09)g, which was significantly lower than those in control group [(1.55±0.11)g, P <0.001] and cisplatin group [(0.82±0.38)g, P =0.029]. The areas of tumor necrosis and apoptosis in mice treated with NP@Pt(Ⅳ) were higher than those in mice treated with cisplatin. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that there were low expressions of Ki-67 at tumor tissues of mice treated with NP@Pt(Ⅳ) compared with cisplatin. The change in body weight of mice in NP@Pt(Ⅳ) group was not significantly different from that of the control group [(18.56±2.04)g vs.(20.87±0.79)g, P =0.063]. Moreover, the major organs of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney were also normal by HE staining. Conclusion: Redox-responsive NP@Pt(Ⅳ), produced in this study can enhance the accumulation of cisplatin in ovarian cancer cells and improve the efficacy of ovarian cancer chemotherapy.

Objective: To modify the method for establishing mouse models of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced focal cerebral ischemia using electrocoagulation., Methods: Forty-six C57/BL6J male mice were divided into MCAO model group ( n =34) and sham-operated group ( n =12). In the model group, MCAO was induced by permanent coagulation of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) using a coagulator, and cerebral blood flow perfusion was monitored before and at 20 min and 1 day after modeling. Neurological deficits of the mice at 1, 7, and 14 days after modeling were evaluated using Longa score, mNSS score, beam walking test, cylinder test and corner test. TTC staining was used to measure the cerebral infarct size, and Western blotting was performed to detect the expressions of BDNF, GFAP and DCX proteins in the ischemic cortex., Results: The mice in the model group showed significantly reduced cerebral blood flow in the MCA on the ischemic side and obvious neurological deficits with increased forelimb use asymmetry on days 1, 7 and 14 after modeling ( P < 0.05). In the cerebral cortex on the ischemic side of the model mice, the expressions of GFAP and DCX increased significantly at 1, 7, and 14 days ( P < 0.05) and the expression of BDNF increased at 1 day after modeling ischemia ( P < 0.05)., Conclusion: We successfully prepared mouse models of MCAO using a modified method by changing the electrocoagulation location from the distal location of the junction between the MCA and the inferior cerebral vein to a 2 mm segment medial to the junction between the MCA and the olfactory bundle.

Traditional pig breeding has a long cycle and high cost, and there is an urgent need to use new technologies to revitalize the pig breeding industry. The recently emerged CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technique shows great potential in pig genetic improvement, and has since become a research hotspot. Base editor is a new base editing technology developed based on the CRISPR/Cas9 system, which can achieve targeted mutation of a single base. CRISPR/Cas9 technology is easy to operate and simple to design, but it can lead to DNA double strand breaks, unstable gene structures, and random insertion and deletion of genes, which greatly restricts the application of this technique. Different from CRISPR/Cas9 technique, the single base editing technique does not produce double strand breaks. Therefore, it has higher accuracy and safety for genome editing, and is expected to advance the pig genetic breeding applications. This review summarized the working principle and shortcomings of CRISPR/Cas9 technique, the development and advantages of single base editing, the principles and application characteristics of different base editors and their applications in pig genetic improvement, with the aim to facilitate genome editing-assisted genetic breeding of pig.

"Biochemical Engineering Experiment" is a compulsory curriculum for the concentrated practical teaching of biotechnology majors in Hunan University of Science and Engineering. It is also an experimental curriculum for improving the overall quality of bioengineering students under the context of "Emerging Engineering Education". The course includes comprehensive experiments and designable experiments, and the contents of which are designed by combining the local characteristic resources of Yongzhou, the research platform and the characteristics of the talents with engineering background. In the teaching practice, methods such as heuristic teaching, research cases-embedded teaching and interactive teaching are comprehensively used to boost students' interest in learning and stimulate their innovative thinking and application capability. Through curriculum examination and post-class investigation, it was found that the students' abilities of knowledge transfer and application were significantly improved, and they achieved excellent performances in discipline competitions and approved project proposals. The practice and continuous improvement of this course may facilitate fostering high-level innovative and application-oriented talents of biotechnology majors.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and genetic etiology of a case of Turner syndrome (TS) with rapidly progressive puberty., Methods: A child who had presented at the Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic of the Shenzhen People's Hospital on January 19, 2022 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child were collected. Peripheral blood sample of the child was subjected to chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Previous studies related to TS with rapidly progressive puberty were retrieved from the CNKI, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, Boku, CBMdisc and PubMed databases with Turner syndrome and rapidly progressive puberty as the keywords. The duration for literature retrieval was set from November 9, 2021 to May 31, 2022. The clinical characteristics and karyotypes of the children were summarized., Results: The child was a 13-year-and-2-month-old female. She was found to have breast development at 9, short stature at 10, and menarche at 11. At 13, she was found to have a 46,X,i(X)(q10) karyotype. At the time of admission, she had a height of 143.5 cm (< P3), with 6 ~ 8 nevi over her face and right clavicle. She also had bilateral simian creases but no saddle nasal bridge, neck webbing, cubitus valgus, shield chest or widened breast distance. She had menstruated for over 2 years, and her bone age has reached 15.6 years. CMA revealed that she had a 58.06 Mb deletion in the Xp22.33p11.1 region and a 94.49 Mb duplication in the Xp11.1q28 region. MLPA has confirmed monosomy Xp and trisomy Xq. A total of 13 reports were retrieved from the CNKI, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, Boku, CBMdisc and PubMed databases, which had included 14 similar cases. Analysis of the 15 children suggested that their main clinical manifestations have included short stature and growth retardation, and their chromosomal karyotypes were mainly mosaicisms., Conclusion: The main clinical manifestations of TS with rapidly progressive puberty are short stature and growth retardation. Deletion in the Xp22.33p11.1 and duplication in the Xp11.1q28 probably underlay the TS with rapid progression in this child, which has provided a reference for clinical diagnosis and genetic counselling for her.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the difference of prognosis in oldest-old colon cancer patients between the left-side and right-side hemicolectomy. Methods: A total of 238 oldest-old (≥75 years old) colon cancer patients who received surgical treatment in Gastrointestinal Surgery Department of Beijing Hospital from December 2010 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected. They were divided into right-side hemicolectomy (RCC) group (130 cases) and left-side hemicolectomy (LCC) group (108 cases) by surgical methods. The difference in postoperative short-term complications and long-term prognosis was compared between the two groups, and the related factors of postoperative death was analyzed using multivariate Cox regression model. Results: The age of 238 oldest-old patients with colon cancer ranged from 75 to 93 years old (80.5±3.7). There were 128 males and 110 females. The ages of patients in the LCC group and RCC group were (80.4±3.7) and (80.6±3.7) years old ( P =0.699), respectively. There was no significant difference in gender, body mass index (BMI) and co-existing chronic diseases between two groups ( P >0.05). The proportion of the duration of surgery exceeding 170 min in the LCC group was significantly higher than that in the RCC group (56.5% vs 43.1%, P =0.039). The incidence of postoperative short-term complications in RCC group was slightly higher than LCC group ( P >0.05), and there was no significant difference in overall survival (OS), tumor-specific survival (CSS) and disease-free survival (DFS) between two groups. However, the two groups had different prognostic risk factors, pathological Ⅳ stage ( HR =28.970,95% CI :1.768-474.813, P =0.018), intraoperative bleeding ( HR =2.297,95% CI :1.351-3.907, P =0.002) and cancer nodules ( HR =2.044,95% CI :1.047-3.989, P =0.036) were independent prognostic risk factors in LCC group. Underweight ( HR =0.428,95% CI :0.192-0.955, P =0.038), overweight( HR =0.316,95% CI :0.125-0.800, P =0.015),obesity ( HR =0.211,95% CI :0.067-0.658, P =0.007), lymph node metastasis ( HR =2.682,95% CI :1.497-4.807, P =0.001), tumor nodule ( HR =2.507,95% CI :1.301-4.831, P =0.027) and postoperative length of stay of 9 days ( HR =1.829,95% CI :1.070-3.128, P =0.006) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in RCC group. Conclusions: The duration of surgery of oldest-old colon cancer patients in the LCC group was longer than that in the RCC group. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups. High pathological stage, more intraoperative bleeding and cancer nodules were independent prognostic risk factors in the LCC group. Abnormal BMI, lymph node metastasis, cancer nodules and postoperative length of stay were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in the RCC group.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of arthroscopic autologous iliac bone grafting with double-row elastic fixation in treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation combined with massive glenoid bone defects., Methods: Between January 2018 and December 2021, 16 male patients with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation combined with massive glenoid bone defects were treated with arthroscopic autogenous iliac bone grafting and double-row elastic fixation. The patients were 14-29 years old at the time of the first dislocation, with an average age of 18.4 years. The causes of the first dislocation included falling injury in 5 cases and sports injury in 11 cases. The shoulders dislocated 4-15 times, with an average of 8.3 times. The patients were 17-37 years old at the time of admission, with an average age of 25.1 years. There were 5 left shoulders and 11 right shoulders. The preoperative instability severity index (ISIS) score of the shoulder joint was 5.8±2.1, and the Beighton score was 4.3±2.6. The University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) score, Constant score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and Rowe score were used to evaluate shoulder function, and the degree of the glenoid bone defect repair was observed based on CT after operation., Results: All incisions healed by first intention, and no complication such as incision infection or neurovascular injury occurred. The patients were followed up 12 months. At 12 months after operation, UCLA score, Constant score, ASES score, and Rowe score all significantly improved when compared with the scores before operation ( P <0.05). CT imaging showed the degree of glenoid bone defect was significantly smaller at immediate, 6 and 12 months after operation when compared with that before operation ( P <0.05), and the bone blocks healed with the scapula, and bone fusion had occurred at 12 months., Conclusion: Arthroscopic autologous iliac bone grafting with double-row elastic fixation is a safe treatment for recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation combined with massive glenoid bone defects, with good short-term effectiveness.

Objective: To investigate the effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) combined with autologous Meek microskin transplantation on patients with extensive burns. Methods: The prospective self-controlled study was conducted. From May 2019 to June 2022, 16 patients with extensive burns admitted to the 990 th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force met the inclusion criteria, while 3 patients were excluded according to the exclusion criteria, and 13 patients were finally selected, including 10 males and 3 females, aged 24-61 (42±13) years. A total of 20 trial areas (40 wounds, with area of 10 cm×10 cm in each wound) were selected. Two adjacent wounds in each trial area were divided into hUCMSC+gel group applied with hyaluronic acid gel containing hUCMSCs and gel only group applied with hyaluronic acid gel only according to the random number table, with 20 wounds in each group. Afterwards the wounds in two groups were transplanted with autologous Meek microskin grafts with an extension ratio of 1∶6. In 2, 3, and 4 weeks post operation, the wound healing was observed, the wound healing rate was calculated, and the wound healing time was recorded. The specimen of wound secretion was collected for microorganism culture if there was purulent secretion on the wound post operation. In 3, 6, and 12 months post operation, the scar hyperplasia in wound was assessed using the Vancouver scar scale (VSS). In 3 months post operation, the wound tissue was collected for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to observe the morphological changes and for immunohistochemical staining to observe the positive expressions of Ki67 and vimentin and to count the number of positive cells. Data were statistically analyzed with paired samples t test and Bonferronni correction. Results: In 2, 3, and 4 weeks post operation, the wound healing rates in hUCMSC+gel group were (80±11)%, (84±12)%, and (92±9)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than (67±18)%, (74±21)%, and (84±16)% in gel only group (with t values of 4.01, 3.52, and 3.66, respectively, P <0.05). The wound healing time in hUCMSC+gel group was (31±11) d, which was significantly shorter than (36±13) d in gel only group ( t =-3.68, P <0.05). The microbiological culture of the postoperative wound secretion specimens from the adjacent wounds in 2 groups was identical, with negative results in 4 trial areas and positive results in 16 trial areas. In 3, 6, and 12 months post operation, the VSS scores of wounds in gel only group were 7.8±1.9, 6.7±2.1, and 5.4±1.6, which were significantly higher than 6.8±1.8, 5.6±1.6, and 4.0±1.4 in hUCMSC+gel group, respectively (with t values of -4.79, -4.37, and -5.47, respectively, P <0.05). In 3 months post operation, HE staining showed an increase in epidermal layer thickness and epidermal crest in wound in hUCMSC+gel group compared with those in gel only group, and immunohistochemical staining showed a significant increase in the number of Ki67 positive cells in wound in hUCMSC+gel group compared with those in gel only group ( t =4.39, P <0.05), with no statistically significant difference in the number of vimentin positive cells in wound between the 2 groups ( P >0.05). Conclusions: The application of hyaluronic acid gel containing hUCMSCs to the wound is simple to perform and is therefore a preferable route. Topical application of hUCMSCs can promote healing of the autologous Meek microskin grafted area in patients with extensive burns, shorten wound healing time, and alleviate scar hyperplasia. The above effects may be related to the increased epidermal thickness and epidermal crest, and active cell proliferation.

Cox proportional hazards regression model (Cox model) is the most commonly used multivariate approach in time-to-event data analysis. A vital issue in fitting Cox model is choosing the appropriate time scale related to the occurrence of the outcome events. However, few domestic studies have focused on selecting and applying time scales for Cox model in the analysis of cohort study data. This study briefly introduced and compared several time scales in the reports from literature; and used data from the Shanghai Women's Health Study to illustrate the impact of different time scales on data analysis results, using the association between central obesity and the risk of liver cancer as an example. On this basis, several suggestions on selecting time scales in Cox model are proposed to provide a reference for the analysis of cohort study data.

The raging global epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only poses a major threat to public health, but also has a huge impact on the global health care system and social and economic development. Therefore, accelerating the development of vaccines and antibody drugs to provide people with effective protection and treatment measures has become the top priority of researchers and medical institutions in the field. At present, several vaccines and antibody drugs targeting SARS-Cov-2 have been in the stage of clinical research or approved for marketing around the world. In this manuscript, we summarized the vaccines and antibody drugs which apply genetic engineering technologies to target spike protein, including subunit vaccines, viral vector vaccines, DNA vaccines, mRNA vaccines, and several neutralizing antibody drugs, and discussed the trends of vaccines and antibody drugs in the future.

Objective: To establish a survival prediction model based on the independent prognostic factors of long-term prognosis after laparoscopic liver resection(LLR) for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC). Methods: The clinical and pathological data of 351 consecutive patients with ICC who received radical LLR in 13 Chinese medical centers from August 2010 to May 2021 were collected retrospectively. There were 190 males and 161 females,aged( M (IQR)) 61(14)years(range:23 to 93 years). The total cohort was randomly divided into a training dataset(264 cases) and a validation dataset(87 cases). The patients were followed up by outpatient service or telephone,and the deadline for follow-up was October 2021. Based on the training dataset,the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to screen the independent influencing factors of long-term prognosis to construct a Nomogram model. The Nomogram model's discrimination,calibration,and clinical benefit were evaluated through internal and external validation,and an assessment of the overall value of two groups was made through the use of a receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve. Results: There was no significant difference in clinical and pathological characteristics and long-term survival results between the training and validation datasets(all P >0.05). The multivariate Cox analysis showed that CA19-9,CA125,conversion to laparotomy during laparoscopic surgery,and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors for ICC patients after LLR(all P <0.05). The survival Nomogram was established based on the independent prognostic factors obtained from the above screening. The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of 1, 3 and 5-year overall survival rates of patients in the training dataset were 0.794(95% CI :0.721 to 0.867),0.728(95% CI :0.618 to 0.839) and 0.799(95% CI :0.670 to 0.928),and those in the validation dataset were 0.787(95% CI :0.660 to 0.915),0.831(95% CI :0.678 to 0.983) and 0.810(95% CI :0.639 to 0.982). Internal and external validation proved that the model exhibited a certain discrimination,calibration,and clinical applicability. Conclusion: The survival Nomogram model based on the independent influencing factors of long-term prognosis after LLR for ICC(including CA19-9,CA125,conversion to laparotomy during laparoscopic surgery,and lymph node metastasis) exhibites a certain differentiation,calibration,and clinical practicability.

Objective: To understand the species, distribution, and extent of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in patients with liver cirrhosis combined with bacterial infection in a tertiary hospital in Xinjiang. Methods: 1 271 cases with liver cirrhosis combined with infection were analyzed retrospectively for pathogenic bacterial species and drug resistance condition in different bacterial strain. Results: Among the 1 271 cases with liver cirrhosis, 480 were combined with infection, and the infection rate was 37.8%. The majority of infected patients had decompensated cirrhosis (438 cases). Peritoneum (327 cases, 60.8%) was the common infection site, followed by lungs (16.9%). 343 strains of pathogens were isolated from 480 infected cases, of which 289 strains were among the top 10 common distinct bacteria, accounting for 76.5% and 23.5% of Gram-negative and positive bacteria. The first top three strains were Escherichia coli. (33.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.4%), and Enterococcus faecium (11.1%), and there were differences in the drug resistance rates of each strain. Conclusion: In a tertiary hospital in Xinjiang, patients with decompensated cirrhosis have a high rate of bacterial infection. The pathogenic bacteria are diverse, mainly Gram-negative bacteria; however, the infection rate of Gram-positive bacteria such as Enterococcus is gradually increasing. Additionally, according to the bacterial properties, they are divided into four categories: Enterobacter, Enterococcus, glucose non-fermenting bacteria and Staphylococcus, and it is found that even the same species of bacteria have different drug resistance rates.

Objective: To construct the geometric model of the pelvic floor by a two-dimensional equivalent mechanics method, and to explore the effect of the shape and position of pelvic floor organs and tissues on the biomechanical properties of the pelvic floor under different abdominal pressure. Methods: A 28-year-old healthy and symmetrical married infertile female volunteer was included. The pelvic floor tissue was scanned in the supine position using a 3.0T magnetic resonance scanner (Philips Company, Holland). Based on the method of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) two-dimensional parameter measurement and computer aided design, the geometric model and finite element model of the female pelvic floor were established, and the biomechanical characteristics of the pelvic floor support system under different abdominal pressure were analyzed. Results: In this study, four different working conditions of the pelvic floor force were simulated under 60, 99, 168, and 208 cmH 2 O (1 cmH 2 O=0.098 kPa) abdominal pressure loads. The trend was as follows: under the abdominal pressure load, the retrograde flexion of the uterus occurred, the cervical, the middle and upper vaginal segment and the levator anus muscle had the characteristic change of mechanical axial direction pointing to the sacrum and coccyx, and the deformation of the levator anus muscle in the horizontal direction was greater than that in the vertical direction. With the increase of the abdominal pressure, the maximum stress values of the pelvic floor whole system of healthy subjects under four different working conditions were 0.194 3, 0.389 6, 0.557 1, and 0.627 5 MPa, respectively, and the maximum displacement values were 10, 14, 21 and 25 mm, respectively. The maximum stress values of the cervical and vaginal middle and upper segment were 0.111 7, 0.161 8, 0.250 6, and 0.304 1 MPa, respectively, and the maximum displacement values were 3, 6, 9, and 11 mm, respectively. The maximum stress of the perineal body was 0.063 4, 0.119 6, 0.235 2, and 0.288 0 MPa, and the maximum displacement was 1, 2, 4, and 5 mm. The maximum stress values of the levator anus muscle were 0.194 3, 0.389 6, 0.557 1, and 0.627 5 MPa, and the maximum displacement values were 2, 4, 7, and 8 mm, respectively. The maximum stress and maximum displacement of pelvic organs increased with the increase of the abdominal pressure under different working conditions. The stress axial relationship of normal female pelvic floor was that the middle and upper segment of uterus and vagina mainly acted on the sacrococcyx and the levator anus muscle, and the lower vaginal segment acts on the perineal body. Conclusions: The two-dimensional equivalent mechanical modeling and finite element analysis of the female pelvic floor system can accurately reflect the biomechanical characteristics of the female pelvic floor, and the resultant stress direction of the pelvic organs points to the sacrum and coccyx. The sacrum and coccyx, levator anus and perineal body play important stress supporting roles in the pelvic floor system.

Objective: To explore the effects of mothers' exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during pregnancy on their children's neurobehavioral development. Methods: In November 2009 to April 2010, a total of 221 pairs of mother-newborn pairs were recruited from two cooperative hospitals in Taiyuan, and their children were followed up at age two. High performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the level of BPDE-DNA in cord blood leukocytes. The Neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) was used to assess the neurodevelopment of newborns, and the Gesell Development Scale was used to measure neurodevelopmental indexes of 2-year-old children. NBNA includes behavior, active and passive tone, primitive reflexes and general assessment, with a total score of 40 points. The Gesell Developmental Schedules consisted of four sub-scales: motor development, adaptive behavior development, language development and personal-social behavior development. We used mean and standard deviation to describe continuous variables with normal distribution, median (interquartile range) to describe continuous variables with skewed distribution, and frequency and proportion to describe categorical variables. Restricted cubic spline models were applied to assess the dose-response relationships between maternal prenatal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure and children's neurobehavioral development at two years old. Generalized linear models were applied to evaluate the effect of exposure to maternal prenatal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure on children's neurobehavioral development at 0 and two years old. Results: The NBNA score was 38.0±0.8, and the scores of 2-year-old children's motor, adaptive, language and personal-social were 111.6±15.0, 110.5±14.6, 108.8±17.2 and 111.7±14.5, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, there is no dose-response association between the cord blood BPDE of pregnant women and neonatal NBNA scores, but there were dose-response associations between BPDE and scores of 2-year-old children's motor, adaptive, language and personal-social. A unit increase in cord blood ln (BPDE-DNA), the score of motor, adaptive, language and personal-social of 2-year-old children decreased on average by 4.54、6.29、8.41 and 7.02 points. Conclusion: Maternal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during pregnancy is associated with decreased children's neurobehavioral development at two years old.

Objective: To explore the application values of right atrial (RA) volume, myocardial strain and strain rate in evaluating right atrial functions in patients with essential hypertension (EHT) with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Methods: We retrospectively collected a total of 126 EHT patients with normal LVEF, including 66 males and 60 females, age from 18 to 83(48±15) years from the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital with Nanjing Medical University from March, 2018 to May, 2020. According to the left ventricular mass index, those patients were divided into without left ventricle hypertrophy (LVH) group ( n =66) and LVH group ( n =60), and 83 healthy volunteers were enrolled as control group, which including 42 males and 41 females, age from 14 to 88 (48±16) years. The total, passive and active RA emptying fraction (total RAEF, passive RAEF and active RAEF) were measured by using RA volumes method. The RA strain (S-reservoir, S-conduit, S-booster pump) and the strain rate (SR-reservoir, SR-conduit, SR-booster pump) were measured by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Total RAEF, S-reservoir, and Sr-reservoir represented the reservoir function, while passive RAEF, S-conduit, and Sr-conduit represented the conduit function, and active RAEF, S-booster pump and Sr-booster pump represented the booster pump function, respectively. Than the values between the EHT patients and normal subjects, and the values among the EHT patients without LVH, EHT patients without LVH and normal subjects were compared. Results: The value of active RAEF was significantly lower in EHT patient than normal controls (40.1%±10.5% vs 45.4%±11.1%, P =0.001). There were significant differences among EHT patients without LVH, EHT patients with LVH and normal subjects in passive RAEF and active RAEF (passive RAEF: 40.2%±9.3% vs 36.4%±10.7% vs 36.5%±9.4%, P =0.038, active RAEF: 39.8%±10.6% vs 40.4%±10.4% vs 45.4%±11.1%, P =0.002). There were significant differences in S-reservoir, S-conduit, S-booster pump, SR-reservoir, SR-conduit and SR-booster pump between EHT patients and normal subjects [S-reservoir: 34.8%±13.7% vs 45.0%±13.3%, S-conduit: 18.3%±9.4% vs 26.5%±9.6%, S-booster pump: 16.4%±7.3% vs 18.6%±7.1%, SR-reservoir: (1.6±0.6)/s vs (2.0±0.6)/s, SR-conduit: (-1.2±0.5)/s vs (-1.6±0.6)/s, SR-booster pump: (-1.7±0.6)/s vs (-2.3±0.6)/s; all P <0.05]. The trend tests showed normal controls achieved the largest the absolute values of S-reservoir, S-conduit, SR-reservoir, SR-conduit, SR-booster pump, followed by EHT patients without LVH and EHT patients with LVH(all P <0.001). Conclusions: Using RA volume, myocardial strain and strain rate can detect the RA impaired reservoir, conduit, and the booster pump functions in EHT patients with normal LVEF, and the RA functions were damaged more significantly in EHT patients with LVH.