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Objective: To study the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional western medicine in the treatment of elderly patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes, and provide a theoretical basis for the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of senile heart failure and type 2 diabetes. Method: From November 2014 to May 2016, 100 cases of senile heart failure combined with type 2 diabetes diagnosed and treated in our hospita were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, with 50 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were given conventional anti heart failure and hypoglycemic therapy, patients in the observation group were treated with Acupoint Application of Qiangxin plaster on the basis of control group. The changes of left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 6min walking distance, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose, two hours postprandial blood glucose levels before and after treatment and clinical effect were compared between two groups. SF-36 scale was used to evaluate the quality of life before and after treatment. Results: The levels of LVEDD, serum TG, LDL-C and TC in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, while the walking distance of LVEF and 6min were significantly increased than those before treatment, the levels of LVEDD, TG and LDL-C of observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group after treatment, the LVEF and 6min walking distance, physiological function, social function, mental health, body pain, emotional function, overall health, vitality score and physiological function score were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of observation group was 92%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (72.00%, P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the fasting blood glucose and the two hour postprandial blood glucose (P>0.05) between the two groups after treatment. Conclusion: Compared with conventional western medicine, the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine can effectively enhance the heart function, reduce the level of blood lipid and improve the clinical effect of elderly patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To investigate the clinical characteristics and metabolic risk factors of with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children. Methods A total of 473 children with T2DM admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital from February 2008 to December 2015 consisting of 90 patients with NAFLD and 383 patients without NAFLD. Clinical data were collected and analyzed including gender, age, duration of diabetes, height, weight, waist and hip circumference, body mass index, blood pressure, hemoglobin, serum lipid and uric acid, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial glucose level, fasting insulin and C-peptide, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in steady-state model. The t test and rank sum test were used in the comparison group, and Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results (1) In the 473 children with T2DM, 90 cases (19.03%) were complicated with NAFLD. (2) In T2DM with NAFLD group, the levels of age, height, weight, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, liver function, serum lipid and uric acid were significantly higher than those in non-NAFLD group (P<0.05). The levels of hemoglobin, HOMA-IR, fasting insulin and C-peptide in NAFLD group were significantly higher than those in non-NAFLD group [(142±11) vs (134±14) g/L, 2.7(1.7, 4.4) vs 1.4(0.5, 3.1), 10.2(6.0, 15.1) vs 4.8(1.7, 10.3) μU/ml, 2.5(2.3, 3.0) vs 0.7(0.3, 22.0) μg/L, t=-5.037, Z=7 900, 8 858, 4 062, all P<0.01]. The 2-hour postprandial glucose level was lower than that in non-NAFLD group [(12.2±4.0) vs (13.6±4.2) mmol/L, t= 2.473, P<0.05]. (3)Unconditional multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that hemoglobin concentration and uric acid were independent risk factors for T2DM with NAFLD with odds ratio 3.981 and 3.645 respectively (both P<0.05). Conclusions T2DM with NAFLD usually occurs in the older and obese children with more severe blood pressure, serum lipids, uric acid, hemoglobin, liver function. Hemoglobin level and increased uric acid may help predict the development of NAFLD in children with T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objects To analyze the difference of dynamic balance index among diverse 25-hydroxyvitamin D level groups in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus，and to investigate the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and dynamic balance． Methods Two handred and thirty-five inpatients from 08 /2016 to 06 /2017 with type 2 diabetes were enrolled，aged from 30 to 80 years old． Height，weight，waistline，blood pressure，fasting blood glucose，HbA1c，25-hydroxyvitamin D levels，calcaneal bone mineral density ( CBMD) ，ABI and vibration sensory threshold of lower limbs were measured． The dynamic balance were assessed with chair-rising test( CＲT) ， tandem gait test( TGT) ，8-foot ( ie， 2. 4 m) walk test． The patients were divided into 4 groups by the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D: Serious deficiency group，deficiency group，insufficiency group，sufficiency group． Ｒesults There were no significantly difficiency of age，Fasting blood glucose，HbA1c，Systolic blood pressure，waistline，BMI between the four groups． The CBMD in Serious deficiency group was significantly lower than deficiency group， insufficiency group and suffciency group( P ＜ 0. 05) ． The ABI in serious deficiency group was significantly lower than deficiency group， insufficiency group and suffciency group( P ＜ 0. 05) ． The ABI in deficiency group was also significantly lower than insufficiency group and suffciency group ( P ＜ 0. 05) ． The vibration sensory threshold of lower limbs in serious deficiency group and deficiency group was significantly lower than insufficiency group and suffciency group( P ＜ 0. 05) ． The time of chair-rising test in Serious deficiency group was significantly extender than those in deficiency group，insufficiency group and sufficiency group． The time of chair-rising test in deficiency group was significantly extender than those in insufficiency group and sufficiency group． The time of 8-foot ( ie，2. 4 m) walk test in Serious deficiency group was significantly extender than those in deficiency group，insufficiency group and sufficiency group． The ability to perform tandem gait test ( TGT ) in Serious deficiency group is significantly lower than those in deficiency group， insufficiency group and sufficiency group( P ＜ 0. 05) ． Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the time of chair-rising test and 8-foot ( ie，2. 4 m) walk test were independent influencing factors of the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D． Logistic regression analysis showed that tandem gait test were positive correlated with the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D． Conclusion There is independent negative correlation between the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the time of chair-rising test and 8-foot walk test． There is independent positive correlation between the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and tandem gait test． The screening and supplement of vitamin D in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus still needs further research． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective To explore the correlation among FＲAX score，bone mineral density，and body mass index in patients with type 2 diabetes． Methods A standardized questionnaire was sent to a total of 278 subjects with type 2 diabetes． The clinical information was collected． Bone mineral density was detected and FＲAX score was calculated． The relationship between clinical risk factors and complication of diabetes and FＲAX score was assessed． Ｒesults The bone mineral density of the lumbar spine ( L1-4) and the femur neck in DM group increased with the increase of BMI ( P ＜ 0. 05) ． There is no obvious difference in the 10-year probability of hip fracture ( PHF) and the 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fractures ( PMOF) after grouping． Conclusion There is correlation between bone mineral density and BMI，but no correlation between FＲAX score BMI in patients with type 2 diabetes． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analysis the correlation between bone mineral density (BMD) and the serum biochemical index in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and osteoporosis, in order to provide theoretical evidence for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporosis. Methods A total of 72 elderly patients with T2DM were randomly selected in our hospital. Fasting blood sample were collected to determine glycosylated hemoglobin, blood sugar, blood biochemical parameters, calcium, and phosphorus. BMD was determined using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. According to the BMD value, the patients were divided into osteoporosis group and non-osteoporosis group. Gender, age, disease time course, BMI, FPG, TC, HDL, LDL, serum calcium and phosphorus, and HbA1c were compared between the 2 groups. The correlation study was conducted. Results According to the WHO criteria, in this study patients with osteoporosis were up to 44.4%. The age of patients in osteoporosis group was significantly lower, the course of disease was significantly longer, and the BMI was significantly lower than those in non-osteoporosis group. FPG, HbA1c, serum calcium and phosphorus, and HDL were not statistically different between the 2 groups. TC and LDL in osteoporosis group were higher than those in non-osteoporosis group. Correlation analysis indicated that BMD was positively correlated with BMI and calcium, but negatively correlated with age, course of disease, TC, and LDL. Phosphorus, FPG, HbA1c, and HDL were not correlated with BMD. In addition, BMD of older women was significantly lower than that of older men. Conclusion Age is the important risk factor of osteoporosis, but higher BMI is a protective factor in T2DM patients. We should pay attention to the effect of metabolic disorder of lipid and glucose on bone mineral density. Old women should pay more attention to the risk of osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the curative effect of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) on acute myocardial infarction in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Mice were divided into 4 groups: normal mice with saline injection, normal mice with cell injection, T2DM mice with saline injection, and T2DM mice with cell injection. The curative effect was observed through HE, Masson's, vWF, isolectin and WGA immunostaining after sampling. Results VEGF expression in T2DM group was similar in normal group after transplant, with no significant difference. The infarct and collagen size sizes in normal and T2DM groups after transplant were less than those in saline groups, blood vessel density was thicker than that in saline groups, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was less severe than that in saline groups. The differences were statistical significance between cell transplant groups and saline groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion The therapy of BMMNCs transplant has obvious improvement on the restoration of myocardial tissue damage, cell hypertrophy of the edge area of infarction and angiogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective This study aimed to compare and analyze the cost of illness, clinical efficacy, and quality of life of two treatment options for patients with type 2 diabetes, in order to provide a scientific basis for selecting the treatment plan for type 2 diabetes. Methods The cost of illness was measured by self-designed questionnaire. The FBG, PBG2h and HbAlc were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy. The quality of life was evaluated using "quality of life of people with type 2 diabetes Rating Scale" to measure quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Results The cost of illness of the conventional regimen was 1.56 times more than that of intensive treatment. In the two treatment regimens, PBG2h and HbAlc were significantly improved after treatment (P < 0.05), and the unit cost for the desired effect of intensive treatment was lower than that of the conventional treatment. Conclusion There was no significant difference in the quality of life between the two treatment regimens, while the intensive treatment program was superior to the conventional treatment considering the cost and clinical efficacy of disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the safety and efficacy of intravenous infusion of zoledronic acid (5 mg/100 ml) in the treatment of primary osteoporosis and type 2 diabetes combined with osteoporosis. Methods Forty-six patients with osteoporosis, who were treated in our hospital, were selected. Among all the patients, 25 patients were divided into primary osteoporosis group, and 21 patients were divided into type 2 diabetes combined with osteoporosis group. Physical examination was performed, and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Serum glucose was detected using glucose oxidase method. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4) and the left femoral neck was detected using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). All the patients were treated with intravenous infusion of zoledronic acid. The adverse effect was monitored. One year later, BMD was re-detected, and the change of BMD after the treatment was also observed. Results No significant difference of age, BMI, and BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and the left femoral neck between the two groups was observed (P > 0. 05). After the intravenous infusion of zoledronic acid, the adverse effect including fever, acratia, headache, arthralgia, and nausea was observed in both groups. Seven patients in type 2 diabetes combined with osteoporosis group showed a transient increase of blood glucose, but all the symptoms disappeared and blood glucose returned to normal in 3 days. After 1-year treatment with zoledronic acid, BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and the left femoral neck in primary osteoporosis group increased by 4. 27% and 4. 11%, respectively, which increased by 3.42% and 3.26% in type 2 diabetes combined with osteoporosis group, respectively. BMD in both groups was significant higher than that before the treatment (P < 0. 05), but no significant difference between two groups was observed (P > 0. 05). Conclusion Zoledronic acid can increase BMD in patients with osteoporosis. And it has a good efficacy for the patients with primary osteoporosis or type 2 diabetes combined with osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Proper control of diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder, is important to maintaining health. Exercise has been associated with blood glucose control and the delay of diabetes-related complications. Qigong is a traditional health care exercise that improves the harmonious flow of energy (qi) and blood inside the body, balances the organs, modulates channels and collaterals, and strengthens the bones. However, the empirical effects of qigong in peoples with diabetes remaining uncertain. Purpose: This paper uses published randomized-controlled and controlled clinical trials to analyze the effect of qigong on blood glucose control outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis were used. Searches were conducted in databases including Airiti Library, China Journal Full-text Database, National Central Library, Wiley Online Library, Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscu, Cochrane Library, and LWW Nursing and Health Professions Premier Collection. The search focused on articles published between 1975 and 2012. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 articles addressing relevant randomized and controlled clinical trials were extracted. Of these, 9 provided sufficient data for pooling and analysis. The main outcomes assessed were HbAlc, fasting blood glucose, insulin sensitivity or insulin resistance, and fasting insulin. Results: The 9 studies showed that the qigong intervention had significant effects on HbAlc and fasting blood glucose, with respective effect sizes of -0.42 (95% CI = [-0.62, -0.23]) and -0.90 (95% CI = [-1.38, -0.41]). There was no significant effect on insulin sensitivity/insulin resistance, with an effect size of -0.04 (95% CI = [-0.33, 0.26]). Conclusion: This study indicates that qigong may improve HbAlc and fasting blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. Further study is needed to help health care staffs better advise patients on the effects of exercise in type 2 diabetes patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]