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Focused on the axial swelling mechanical behavior of static cracking agent (SCA)， an axial-output method was proposed to measure the swelling pressure of SCA and a measurement system and its core steel cylinder component were designed. The swelling pressure of SCA was measured using the axial-output method and the external pipe method respectively， and the effects of pipe diameter on axial swelling pressure and output rate were analyzed through the contrast of pressure on the condition of different pipe diameters. The result shows that the axial-output method is accurate for the measurement of swelling pressure. Under the fixed height-diameter ratio， the axial swelling pressure increases with the increase of the diameter size. The capacity of SCA axial-output decreases because of the self-sealing effect when the diameter is smaller than 50mm， and the axial and radial swelling pressures are almost identical and the output rate of axial pressure is up to 100% when the diameter is larger than 150mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]