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In order to analyze the factors affecting yolk blackening in salted duck eggs, this study investigated the differences in the color difference, metal ion contents and proteomics in different parts of normal and black-yolked salted duck eggs. The effects of these factors on the degree and rate of yolk blackening were studied by single factor experiments. The results showed that the higher the contents of Fe and Cu, the smaller the color difference value of yolk and the blacker the color. It was speculated that the sulfide formed by the combination of Fe2+ in phosvitin (Pv) and S2- was responsible for the blackening of egg yolk, and the degradation and desulfurization of cysteine was an important contributor to sulfur production in egg yolk. Microbial load, temperature and pH were important factors affecting yolk blackening. With increasing bacterial load and curing temperature of duck eggs, the rate of yolk blackening increased. H2S was produced in the pH range of 7.0–8.0, and the gas production rate was the fastest at pH 7.5. In summary, it can be inferred that yolk blackening in salted duck eggs is caused by the discoloration reaction between sulfur and iron elements in egg yolk. Curing temperature, pH and the bacterial load of duck eggs have a great influence on yolk blackening.

The electromagnetic wave energy emitted by wireless communication equipment in coal mines can be coupled and absorbed by surrounding metal structures, which poses a risk of igniting explosive gases in the mine. The existing research on the safety of underground metal structure coupled electromagnetic waves only focuses on the analysis of the energy of metal structure equivalent impedance model coupled electromagnetic waves. It lacks research on the energy storage process of metal structure coupled electromagnetic wave energy accumulated over time. In order to solve the above problems, an equivalent energy storage structure model suitable for studying the coupling-accumulation-release electromagnetic wave energy of metal structures is proposed, namely the metal structure equivalent capacitive energy storage model and the metal structure equivalent inductive energy storage model. Firstly, by using a low attenuation transmission line model, the relationship between the output power of the transmitting antenna, the distance between the transmitting antenna and the metal structure, and the induced voltage at the receiving end is derived. Secondly, an equivalent energy storage model of metal structure is established. The mathematical relationship between the receiving end parameters and the discharge spark energy is derived. The influence of the receiving end parameters on the discharge spark energy is analyzed. Finally, the mathematical relationship between the output power of the transmitting antenna, the distance between the transmitting antenna and the metal structure, and the discharge spark energy is derived by analyzing the relationship between the induced voltage at the receiving end and the effective value of the induced voltage. The influence of the output power of the transmitting antenna and the distance between the transmitting antenna and the metal structure on the discharge spark energy is analyzed. The theoretical reference safety points of the equivalent energy storage models of the two metal structures are given under the condition of other parameters being determined. The simulation results show the following points. ① For the equivalent capacitive energy storage model of metal structures, the discharge spark energy increases with the increase of the effective values of the equivalent energy storage capacitor and the induced voltage at the receiving end, and the safety point shifts to the left. The safety requirements for the effective values of the equivalent energy storage capacitor and the induced voltage at the receiving end become stricter. ② The energy of the discharge spark increases with the increase of the transmitting antenna power, and decreases with the increase of the distance between the transmitting antenna and the metal structure. The theoretical reference safety point of the equivalent capacitive energy storage model of the metal structure is obtained. ③ For the equivalent inductive energy storage model of metal structures, the discharge spark energy increases with the increase of the effective values of the equivalent energy storage inductance and the induced voltage at the receiving end, and the safety point shifts to the left. The safety requirements for the effective values of the equivalent energy storage inductance and the induced voltage at the receiving end become stricter. ④ The energy of the discharge spark increases with the increase of the transmitting antenna power, and decreases with the increase of the distance between the transmitting antenna and the metal structure. The theoretical reference safety point of the equivalent inductive energy storage model of the metal structure is obtained. ⑤ Comparing the theoretical reference safety points of two metal structure energy storage models, it is concluded that the danger of the metal structure equivalent capacitive energy storage model is much greater than that of the metal structure equivalent inductive energy storage model.

Objective·To investigate the composition of immune cells in tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer (CRC), and examine the proportion, phenotype and effector function of natural killer (NK) cells in CRC.Methods·Fresh tumor tissues, paired normal tissues adjacent to tumor, and peripheral blood samples in the same cohort were collected from CRC patients. Tissues were digested and prepared into single cell suspension. The major immune cell lineages were detected by flow cytometry. t-Distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) and statistical analysis were used to analyze the composition of immune cells in tumor microenvironment of CRC. To analyze the phenotype of NK cells, the expression levels of activation markers, including CD16, CD27, CD69, human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR), and T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3), were detected by flow cytometry. NK cell subsets: CD38lowNK cells and CD38highNK cells were also examined by flow cytometry. To assess the effector function of NK cells, they were stimulated with cell stimulation cocktail and the expression levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were measured by flow cytometry.Results·Twenty-five pairs of fresh tumor tissues and normal tissues adjacent to tumor, and 15 peripheral blood samples in the same cohort were collected from CRC patients. The tumor microenvironment of CRC included diverse immune cell types, including T cells, B cells, NK cells and myeloid cells. The proportions of T cells (P=0.000) and myeloid cells (P=0.026) in tumor tissues were significantly higher than those in normal tissues. By contrast, the proportion of NK cells (P=0.007) in tumor was significantly reduced. The proportion of B cells was comparable between tumor and normal tissues. Compared to normal tissues, NK cells in tumor tissues expressed significantly lower CD27 (P=0.000) and CD69 (P=0.001), while the expression levels of CD16 (P=0.008), HLA-DR (P=0.000) and TIM-3 (P=0.024) were significantly elevated. The results indicated that NK cells in CRC tumor exhibited a phenotype of late activation and exhaustion. According to the expression level of CD38, NK cells could be divided into two subsets, CD38highNK cells and CD38lowNK cells. The proportion of CD38highNK cells (P=0.003) in tumor tissues was significantly lower than that in normal tissues, while the proportion of CD38lowNK cells was unaffected. Compared to CD38lowNK cells, CD38highNK cells expressed higher CD27, meanwhile significantly less CD16, NKp46, CD57, CD94, HLA-DR and CD158a (P=0.000). These results suggested that CD38highNK cells were at early differentiation state. The secretion of cytokines IFN-γ (P=0.032), TNF-α (P=0.042), and GM-CSF (P=0.019) by tumor-infiltrated NK cells was significantly decreased compared to that in normal tissues. The results showed that the function of tumor-infiltrated NK cells was impaired.Conclusion·Together, these data suggest that NK cell compartment is disrupted in tumor tissues of CRC, leading to the impaired anti-tumor immunity mediated by NK cells.

Background Locally advanced gastric cancer mainly includes stage Ⅲ gastric cancer, which is mainly treated with comprehensive therapy. Postoperative recurrence is a key factor affecting the prognosis of patients. Objective To explore the influencing factors of long-term prognosis in patients with stage Ⅲ gastric cancer undergoing D2 radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods Gastric cancer patients who underwent D2 radical surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy were collected from the Department of Radiotherapy at Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University from 2009 to 2014. They were pathologically diagnosed with stage Ⅲ gastric cancer according to the International Union of Cancer (UICC) and American Cancer Federation (AJCC) 8th edition TNM staging system for gastric cancer. All postoperative patients were followed up every 3 months in the first year, every 6 months for the following 2 years, and once a year thereafter. The deadline for follow-up is December 15, 2021. Survival rates of subgroups were compared using Log-rank tests.The influencing factors of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, and the prediction of clinicopathological features were analyzed by Nomogram. Comparison of survival differences among patients with different pTNM stagings, age, metastatic lymph node radios (LNR), and gastrectomy methods using Kaplan-Meier method. Results A total of 135 qualified patients were included, with a median follow-up time of 10.48 years. Within 5 years, there were 70 cases of recurrence and 62 deaths. The 5-year DFS rate and OS rate were 48.1% (65/135) and 54.1% (73/135), respectively; Within 10 years, there were 74 cases of recurrence and 74 deaths. The 10-year DFS rate nd OS rate were both 45.2% (61/135). The Log-rank test results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in 5-year survival rates among patients with different pTNM stagings, pT stagings, LNRs, cancer nodules, tumor locations, and gastrectomy methods (P50%, OS: HR=1.74, 95%CI=1.03-2.94; DFS: HR=1.73, 95%CI=1.02-2.94), and gastrectomy method (total gastrectomy, OS: HR=2.07, 95%CI=1.22-3.50; DFS: HR=2.02, 95%CI=1.20-3.41) were independent influencing factors for OS and DFS in patients with stageⅢ gastric cancer undergoing D2 radical surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy (P

Objective To explore the feasibility and rationality of advanced integrated two-stage laparoscopic simulation training course in standardized training of surgical residents. Methods From December 2019 to December 2021, the advanced integrated two-stage laparoscopic simulation training course was carried out among 2019—2020 surgical residents who received standardized training in our hospital. The course was divided into two stages. In the first stage, BEST (best essential surgical technology training) course, adopted Darwin® endoscopic training system, Tianyan® endoscopic training system, Microport® 3D laparoscopic training system and simple simulative models were used. The second stage, BEST PLUS course, same platform as that in BEST course and in vitro animal models were used. The questionnaire survey method (before and after class questionnaire) was adopted to evaluate the curriculum setting, such as curriculum form, simulators, teaching method, time arrangement, curriculum difficulty, training effect, curriculum satisfaction and so on. Results A total of 37 surgical residents completed the two-stage course training and the questionnaire survey. The overall satisfaction rate with the curriculum setting was 100%. There were 32 residents (86.5%) thought that first stage training course could significantly improve their clinical skills, 35 residents (94.6%) thought that second stage training course could significantly improve their clinical skills, and 36 resident (97.3%) thought that the first stage curriculum could significantly help them improve performance in the second stage curriculum. Conclusions The trainees had a high degree of recognition and satisfaction for the advanced integrated two-stage laparoscopic simulation training course. The overall design of course was reasonable and feasible, and was attractive to trainees.

Abstract [Objective] This study aims to evaluate the nut traits of the dominant varieties of Ping􀆳ou hybrid hazelnuts cultivated in the northern Anhui and analyze the suitability of the varieties for processing, to provide a basis for the selection and popularization of the hazelnuts. [Methods] Nine varieties were selected as the dominant varieties based on their adaptation and yield in the northern Anhui. These varieties were analyzed and evaluated from different processing and utilization perspectives, such as baking, kernel, oil, and fresh-eating. [Results] (1) The distribution ranges of single nut mass, nut size, nut shape index, kernel mass, shell thickness, and kernel mass percentage of 9 dominant varieties were 2.54-4.40 g, 18.99 -21.49 mm, 0.67-1.02, 1.00-1.66 g, 1.53-2.41 mm, and 34.36%-47.01%, respectively. The distribution ranges of fat, protein, and soluble sugar contents were 50.50-58.00 g/(100 g), 21.10- 25.10 g/(100 g), and 4.08%-4.94%, respectively. (2) 8 fatty acids were detected from the hazelnut kernels, among which oleic acid was the highest with a distribution range of 81.21%-88.53%. The content of unsaturated fatty acids was 92.19%-94.61% among the total content of fat in hazelnut kernels. For mineral nutrition, the content of potassium, phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium in hazelnut kernels was relatively rich. (3) As for the processing capacity, the distribution ranges of single plant yield, fat production, and protein production of 9 dominant varieties were 1.52-2.20 kg, 330.50-503.47 g, and 141.68-224.40 g, respectively. [Conclusion] According to different consumption patterns, ‘Liaozhen 3’ is best for baking market, ‘Liaozhen 3’, ‘Dawei’ and ‘Liaozhen 4’ are best for kernel market, and ‘Dawei’, ‘Liaozhen 3’ and ‘Ping􀆳ou 545’ are best for the fresh-eating market. ‘Liaozhen 4’ can be used as oil processing varieties, ‘Liaozhen 1’ as functional protein beverage processing varieties, and ‘Dawei’ and ‘Liaozhen 9’ as high calcium processing varieties.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium spp. that mainly contaminates wheat, corn, and other food crops, and has posed serious threats to food safety. Currently, enzymatic detoxification of DON shows promising application prospects. This paper provided an overview of the latest domestic and international research on the types of biotransformation enzymes, degradation mechanisms, structural features, detoxification enzyme mining strategies, and molecular modifications of DON. Additionally, the paper explored research trends in molecular design of mycotoxin detoxification enzymes assisted by artificial intelligence, which aimed to provide a reference for the development of bio-detoxification technology of DON in food and feed.

[Objective] To explore the nutrient characteristics and fertility status of wetland soil in the lower reaches of Lhasa River. [Methods] A total of 69 soil samples were collected from the four representative regions of Ganqu Wetland, Baga Snow Wetland, Lalu Wetland and Chabalang wetland. The values of pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, total salt, electrical conductivity, redox potential, cation exchange capacity and organic matter of the samples were determined. The improved Nemerow composite index method was used to evaluate the wetland soil fertility comprehensively. [Results] (1) The pH range of the soil in the study area was 5.77~7.78, with an average value of 6.62, which was neutral. The correlation between organic matter and total nitrogen was strong, and the distribution characteristics were similar. The contents of organic matter and total nitrogen were 61.82 and 3.13 g/kg, respectively, and both were very abundant, belonging to the first level. The contents of total phosphorus and total potassium were 0.75 g/kg and 18.05 g/kg, respectively, which were moderate and belonged to the tertiary level. The total salt content is 0.92 g/kg, and the electrical conductivity is 2.97 mS/m. On the whole, the soil in the study area had strong fertilizer retention ability. (2) The soil comprehensive fertility coefficient (P) of wetland was in the order of Chabalang Wetland (2.01) > Bagaoxue Wetland (1.95) > Lalu Wetland (1.93) > Ganqu Wetland (1.86), all belonging to the fertility level. The index affecting the soil comprehensive fertility of wetland was TP, because the formation conditions of natural wetlands were similar. There was no significant difference in soil comprehensive fertility coefficient. [Conclusion] The present situation of wetland soil nutrients in the lower Lhasa River was clarified, which provides scientific basis for realizing the sustainable utilization of wetland resources in the the study area.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic performance of radiomics based on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of MRI for preoperative prediction of extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) in rectal cancer. Methods A total of 168 patients with pathology-confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma were enrolled during January 2010 to June 2023. The patients underwent preoperative rectal MRI scans, and they were randomly divided into training set and validation set at a 7∶3 ratio. Radiomic features from T2WI and DWI were extracted and selected by dimensionality reduction using the maximum relevance minimum redundancy (mRMR) method and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis with ten-fold cross-validation. The radiomic total score (Radscore) for each patient was calculated to make radiomics model. The training set enrolled three clinical features [gender, age and preoperative level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)] and six magnetic resonance imaging features [ADC value, depth of infiltration, tumor length, tumor location, T staging and magnetic resonance imaging-defined extramural vascular invasion (mrEMVI)].The clinical model was established through univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis based on above clinical and imaging features， and the clinical-radiomics model (combined model) was established with Radscore and independent risk factors from the clinical model. The diagnostic efficacy of each model was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The differences in performance among the models were compared using the DeLong test. The Calibration curves were employed to evaluate the consistence between the preoperative predictive results obtained from the nomogram and the postoperative pathological results. Additionally, decision curve analysis (DCA) was applied to evaluate the clinical utility of the three models. Results The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curve for the combined model, clinical model, and radiomics model in the training were 0.926, 0.888, 0.756, and were 0.917, 0.896, 0.782 in validation sets, respectively. The DeLong test showed that the diagnostic efficacy of combined model was higher than that of radiomics model in both training and validation sets (P

In order to investigate the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GSBa-1 on polyphenol synthesis and phenylpropanoid metabolism in Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle stored at normal temperature, C. medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle was soaked in a 1 × 108 CFU/mL suspension of B. amyloliquefaciens GSBa-1, taken out and air-dried before being stored at room temperature. The contents of total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acids (TA), ethylene release, respiration intensity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, H2O2 concentration, polyphenol content and enzyme activities related to the phenylpropane metabolic pathway were measured. The results showed that treatment with GSBa-1 reduced ethylene release and respiratory intensity, inhibited peel color change and fruit softening, induced an increase in phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H) activities, rapidly promoted the synthesis of gallic acid and caffeic acid as representatives of phenolic acids, induced the accumulation of flavonoids and flavanols such as hesperidin, seroxin and diosmin, increased the contents of total phenols and total flavonoids, and improved DPPH radical scavenging capacity and H2O2 content and consequently fruit resistance. It can be concluded that B. amylolytic GSBa-1 can activate the phenylpropane metabolic pathway, and stimulate the synthesis and accumulation of polyphenols, thereby delaying post-ripening and senescence and improving storage quality of C. medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle.

Objective To investigate the expression of circular-RNA DDX5(circ-DDX5) in breast cancer tissues and its relationship with the clinical stage of breast cancer patients, and to analyze the regulatory mechanism of circ-DDX5 on the proliferation and invasion of human breast cancer cell line. Methods The expression level of circ-DDX5 in breast cancer tissues and its correlation with the clinical stage of breast cancer patients were analyzed by TCGA database. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene experiments verified the targeting relationship between circ-DDX5 and miR-3940. The correlation between circ-DDX5 and miR-3940 expression in breast cancer tissues was analyzed by TCGA database. The expression level of circ-DDX5 in breast cancer SK-BR-3, MDA-MB-231, BT-549, MCF-7, and HCC-1937 cells was detected by RT-qPCR. The circ-DDX5 over-expression plasmid and negative control plasmid were transfected into MDA-MB-231 cells, which were named circ-DDX5 group and NC group, respectively. The proliferation and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells in the circ-DDX5 group and the NC group were detected by colony formation assay and Transwell assay. The expressions of proliferation phenotype protein and invasion phenotype protein of MDA-MB-231 cells were detected by Western blot. The expression level of miR-3940 in MDA-MB-231 cells of circ-DDX5 group and NC group was detected by RT-qPCR. Results The expression of circ-DDX5 in breast cancer tissues was lower than that in adjacent tissues (P＜0.01) and the expression level of circ-DDX5 was negatively correlated with the clinical stage of breast cancer patients (P＜0.01). There was a targeting relationship between circ-DDX5 and miR-3940 (P＜0.01). The expression of circ-DDX5 and miR-3940 in breast cancer tissue was negatively correlated (P＜0.01). The expression of circ-DDX5 in human breast cancer cell lines was lower than that in immortalized breast epithelial cells MCF-10A (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). Compared with the NC group, the over-expression of circ-DDX5 could significantly inhibit the proliferation and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells(P＜0.01), as well as the proliferation phenotype proteins (cyclin C, CDK3) and invasion phenotype proteins (Snail, vimentin) expression (P＜0.01) and miR-3940 expression (P＜0.01). Conclusions The expression of circ-DDX5 in breast cancer tissues and cells is low. circ-DDX5 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells by targeting the expression of miR-3940.

Smart highways are vital for actively coping with various challenges regarding traffic safety, operation efficiency, service level, and management capabilities of current road networks, and for realizing the high-quality development of road networks in China. This study clarifies the implications and characteristics of smart highways and proposes an overall structure of smart highways based on national conditions and development realities. Subsequently, it summarizes the development status of smart highways in China, clarifies the development challenges in terms of cognition and planning, standards and norms, policies and regulations, and governance mechanisms, and proposes the short-, medium-, and long-term goals of smart highway construction in China. Moreover, key tasks for smart highway construction in China include intelligent construction, infrastructure digitization, automatic driving based on vehicle – road collaboration, new-generation intelligent systems for highway tax and fee collection, intelligent maintenance, intelligent service areas, intelligent emergency response, and integration of infrastructure, communications, energy, and service networks for intelligent highways. Further efforts should focus on the formulation of industry guidance documents, improvement in collaborative promotion mechanisms, development of standards and norm systems, study of highway mileage tax reforms, and implementation of supportive industrial policies and measures. Results of this study are systematic, forward-looking, and implementable, and are hoped to promote the healthy development of smart highways and deepen the research and application of relevant technologies.

Objective To explore the application effect of virtual reality (VR)-based preoperative visit on patients with elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods A total of 100 patients with coronary heart disease requiring CABG who were admitted to our hospital from June 2021 to June 2022 were included as the research subjects. The patients were divided into the control group and the experimental group according to the random number table method, with 50 patients in each group. The control group received conventional cardiovascular surgery preoperative visit, and the experimental group received VR-based preoperative visit. Before preoperative visit (on admission) and after preoperative visit (2 h before surgery), the heart rate, blood pressure, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score, visual analogue scale (VAS) appropriateness score, and interview satisfaction rate were measured and compared between the two groups. Results There were significant differences in heart rate, blood pressure, SAS score, VAS score, and interview satisfaction rate before and after the visit between the two groups (χ2=7.111,t=6.568-22.636,P

A bacterial strain with high efficiency of zearalenone (ZEN) removal was isolated from wheat samples by enrichment culture method using ZEN as a major carbon source. By morphological observation, 16S rDNA sequence and gyrase B (gyrB) sequence analysis, the strain was identified and named as Bacillus safensis M7L4. ZEN at a concentration of 10 μg/mL could be completely degraded by viable cells of strain M7L4 in 24 hours when cultured in minimal salt medium. By ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS), the transformation product of ZEN was identified as zearalenone-phosphate (ZEN-P) with a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of 397.1. The phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-utilizing enzyme gene of Bacillus safensis (named BsaPUE) was amplified from M7L4 and inserted into the pET-28(+) vector. The recombinant Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) harboring the plasmid pET-28a(+)-BsaPUE was induced with isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (ITPG) and the expressed protein was purified by Ni-NTA chromatography. The recombinant BsaPUE exhibited phosphotransferase activity, which could entirely transform ZEN (10 μg/mL) to ZEN-P in the presence of ATP and Mg2+ within 30 minutes. Strain M7L4 and its phosphotransferase are promising resources for the biodetoxification of ZEN.

Congenital choledochal cyst (CCC) is the most common congenital biliary malformation clinically with a higher risk of malignancy. Multiple factors, including the age of the patient, cyst type, histological finding and localization, have the impacts on the prognosis. Whether in children or in adults, surgery is the first choice for CCC. The preoperative prediction of canceration, the timing and method of surgery, postoperative complications and the monitoring and management of CCC canceration have the important influences on the prognosis of patients. This article reviews the relevant literature with regards to the prediction, treatment and monitoring of malignant transformation of CCC.

Objective To dientify the correlation between the expression of long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) RP11-686D22.10 and the survival of breast cancer patients, and to explore the effect of over-expression of RP11-686D22.10 on the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cell lines. Methods The relationship between the expression level of RP11-686D22.10 and the survival time of breast cancer patients was analyzed with GEPIA database. The expression of RP11-686D22.10 in mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A and breast cancer cell lines MCF7, SKBR3, HCC1937, BT549 and MB-MDA-468 was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). SKBR3 cell with the least expression of RP11-686D22.10 was selected and transfected with control plasmid (NC group) and RP11-686D22.10 over-expression plasmid (RP11-686D22.10 group). The proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells were detected by CCK-8 and Transwell assays, respectively. The Linc2Go database predicted the targeting microRNA (miRNA) of RP11-686D22.10, and the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to target at relationship between RP11-686D22.10 and miR-454-3p. The expression of miR-454-3p was detected by RT-qPCR. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Results Compared with breast cancer patients with low expression of RP11-686D22.10, patients with high expression of RP11-686D22.10 had longer overall survival (PConclusions The expression level of RP11-686D22.10 is closely related to the survival of breast cancer patients. Over-expression of RP11-686D22.10 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cell lines by targeting at miR-454-3p.

The main purpose of this study was to improve the function and quality of frozen purple sweet potato cubes. In this study, osmotic dehydration (OD), natural drying, hot air drying and freeze drying (FD) were used as pretreatment methods to evaluate the changes in anthocyanin composition of purple sweet potato after freezing and thawing, and to identify the most effective pretreatment methods to reduce the loss of anthocyanin in the freeze-thawing process. The results showed that after freezing and thawing, OD-treated purple sweet potato exhibited a significant decrease in total colordifference compared with the other pretreatment groups (P < 0.05), and the colour was closest to that of the fresh samples. Compared with other treatment groups, OD and FD pretreatment could significantly inhibit the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities of purple sweet potato after dehydration (P < 0.05), while the OD-treated group had the lowest PPO and POD activities. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging capacity and total antioxidant capacity were maintained at a higher level in the OD- and FD-treated groups compared to the other pretreatment groups. Twenty-seven Anthocyanins in purple sweet potato were lost after freezing and thawing. Compared with other pretreatments, OD pretreatment minimised the loss of anthocyanins after dehydration and freeze-thawing of purple potato cubes. Therefore, OD is the most effective pretreatment method for anthocyanin protection infrozen purple sweet potato, which is suitable for freezing storage of purple sweet potato to be used for anthocyanin extraction.

After comparing the bacterial load of black-yolked salted duck eggs (BSE) and that of duck eggs with different cleanliness degrees, it was found that the total bacterial count on the shell of severely stained eggs (DE) was distinctly higher than that on the shell of non-visually stained eggs (CE), and the total bacterial count in the shell membrane and contents of BSE increased greatly. Furthermore, 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the differences in the composition and abundance of bacterial communities in CE, DE and BSE. It turned out that Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla, accounting for 34.35%, 27.25% and 17.28% of the total abundance, respectively, while Bacteroidetes accounted for 8.29% of the total abundance. Proteobacteria was the dominant bacteria in DE and accounted for 89.01% of the total abundance, while the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were 6.16% and 3.98%. The dominant phyla in BSE were Proteobacteria (76.50%), Bacteroidetes (8.00%), Actinobacteria (6.76%) and Firmicutes (5.43%). The abundance of Proteobacteria in DE and BSE was significantly increased. The dominant bacterial genera in CE were Nesterdella (9.08%), Campylobacter (7.91%), Streptococcus (3.41%) and Oligomonas (2.92%). In DE, Psychrobacter was the dominant genus, accounting for 86.01% of the total abundance, and the relative abundance of Acinetobacter was 2.20%. The dominant bacteria in BSE were Rolstonia (22.91%), Serratia (5.05%) and Actinomycetes (3.32%). The cluster analysis of bacterial diversity showed that the dominant microorganisms of BSE were close to those of DE. The microbial phenotype analysis showed that the dominant microorganisms of BSE were Gram-negative bacteria, had high oxidative stress tolerance and pathogenicity, and could tolerate oxidizing detergents. The results of microbial gene function prediction and species composition of metabolic pathways demonstrated that bacterial carbohydrate decomposition, lipid transport and metabolic oxidation in DE were stronger than those in CE. More coenzyme transport and metabolic pathways could make the biochemical reactions of bacteria from DE faster to produce more secondary metabolites, thus resulting in changes in the quality of duck eggs. This is consistent with the highest bacterial abundance in the secondary metabolite biosynthesis, transport and catabolism pathways in BSE. The results of this study provide theoretical support for the cleaner production of duck eggs.

In recent years, China attaches great importance to the prevention and treatment of rare diseases. As one of the representative diseases of rare diseases, management of Hemophilia has made great progress in China. From 1986 to 1989, the National Hemophilia Cooperative Group conducted China's hemophilia epidemiological survey according to the unified method and standard, and the results showed that the prevalence of hemophilia was 2.73/100 000, and there was no statistical difference in prevalence among different regions. In 2014, Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of hemophilia in China was 2.8/100 000, and in 2018, based on the data of the urban population of Tianjin, the local prevalence of hemophilia was estimated to be 3.09/100 000. With the comprehensive promotion of the construction of hemophilia hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system, China requires that hospitals applying for hemophilia comprehensive management centers and diagnosis and treatment centers must be able to independently carry out screening tests and confirmatory tests related to hemophilia diagnosis. For diagnosis of hemophilia, most laboratories in China usually adopt the one-stage method (coagulation method) based on the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) for the determination of coagulation factor activity, but it should be noted that more than two activity detection methods are required for some special types of hemophilia. The types of each mutation in the F8 gene of patients in China are similar to those reported in international data, and the mutations in the F9 gene of our patients are mainly single base point mutations, with no mutation hotspots found. As of June 2023, a total of more than 40 000 cases with inherited bleeding disorders registered in 261 centers in China (including hemophilia), through the National Hemophilia Registration System. The history of hemophilia treatment in China has been explored through inadequate on-demand and low-dose prophylaxis, and is now moving towards higher-dose prophylaxis and individualized prophylaxis with higher efficacy. Based on the above registry data and literature, this report comprehensively summarizes the progress of basic and clinical research and medical protection in the field of hemophilia in China, and analyzes the shortcomings for further improvement of hemophilia diagnosis and treatment in China.

Meteorological forecast numerical model is an important basis of numerical weather forecasting. The research and development of meteorological numerical model needs to continuously carry out simulation experiments in high-performance computing to test and evaluate the prediction effect. Aiming at the problems of inconvenient, time-consuming, invisible, complex details,difficult to analysis during meteorological scientists manually compile batch processing scripts to carry out numerical simulation experiments, this paper develops an interactive visual model test-bed system based on Python and workflow technology with client-server architecture, which provides the construction, simulation, monitoring, analysis, management and sharing for model experiment. The application results show that, the system improves the efficiency of model research and development and the usability of high-performance computer system, plays an important supporting role in the test-bed of numerical weather forecast model, and has good scalability.

In order to solve the problem of all-optical communication network capacity and spectral efficiency, a two-cavity six-channel Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) based on the coupling characteristics of point-defect cavity and line-defect waveguide of Two-Dimensional (2-D) photonic crystal is proposed in this paper. 2-D finite-difference time-domain method is used to analyze the performance parameters. Considering the influence of relative refractive index, the coupling mode of double resonators and single straight waveguide is selected to achieve the wavelength division multiplexing of 1 451, 1 487, 1 557, 1 658, 1 440 and 1 604 nm. The results show that the multiplexer has a spectral coverage of up to 218 nm, transmission efficiency of each channel higher than 91%, the insertion loss less than 0.43 dB, the cross-talk between channels less than -9.2 dB, and the size of only 13.56 μm×19.21 μm. It is very useful for coarse wavelength division multiplexing in optical communication systems, which also has reference significance for dense wavelength division multiplexing.

The economic burden of medication for hemophilia patients is heavy. Charitable donation is a key way to supplement relief funds for the patients. In order to explore the appropriate and efficient usage of the relief funds, Nanfang Hospital was one of the earliest ones that launched the 'one-stop finance service' of relief funds. The practice and experience of the service have been widely referred to and applied in other places, and achieved good results. This article reviews the practice and cases, and discusses the significance in reducing the burden of patients and in improving the efficiency of hemophilia relief.

Capsule Network is a new type of deep neural network that uses vectors to express information of image feature and overcomes two major problems of convolutional neural networks by introducing dynamic routing algorithms.First,convolutional neural networks cannot learn and express the part-whole relationship of images.Second,pooling operations lead to serious loss of image feature information.However,CapsNet needs to learn all the features of the image,and when the image background is complex,it has the problems of insufficient information of extracted image features,large number of training parameters and low training efficiency.To this end,firstly,a lightweight image feature extractor RA module is designed to extract image feature information faster and more completely.Secondly,two different depths of lightweight branches are designed to improve the training efficiency of the network.Finally,a new compression function hc-squash is designed to ensure that the network can acquire more useful information,and a multi-branch RA (Resnet Attention) capsule network is proposed.Through the application in the four image classification datasets of MNIST,Fashion-MNIST,affNIST and CIFAR-10,it is confirmed that the multi-branch RA capsule network outperforms CapsNet and MLCN in several performance metrics,and an improvement scheme is designed for the proposed network to achieve optimised classification performance.

Objective: To investigate the mastery status of standard diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection among general practitioners in Pudong New Area of Shanghai and its influencing factors. Methods: From January to May in 2021, 348 general practitioners from 24 community health service centers in Pudong New Area were selected by using stratified random sampling method. A self-made questionnaire (full score of 30) was used to investigate the general practitioners′ mastery of Hp infection diagnosis, treatment and prevention. According to the scores, they were divided into poor mastery group (0-10 points), moderate mastery group (11-20 points) and good mastery group (21-30 points), and the differences among the groups were compared. Results: A total of 320 valid questionnaires were collected in this survey, and the general practitioners′ mastery of standard diagnosis and treatment of Hp infection was at a high level, with an average score of 21.69. There were 116 people in the moderate mastery group, accounting for 36.25%, with an average score of 17.53 points. There were 204 people in the good mastery group, accounting for 63.75%, with an average score of 24.05 points, and 0 people in the poor mastery group. For diagnosis of current Hp infection, only 50.0% of general practitioners knew that fecal Hp antigen positive was one of diagnostic criteria, while 66.6% of general practi-tioners mistakenly believed that serum Hp antibody positive could be used for diagnosing Hp infection. In terms of indications for eradication treatment of Hp infection, only 41.9% of general practitioners believed that "confirmation of Hp infection" was the indication of eradication treatment. There were significant differences in educational background and working years between the moderate mastery group and the good mastery group. In terms of standardized treatment, fol-lowup and prevention of Hp infection, there were significant differences in other options between the two groups except for the choice of antibiotics (P

With the rapid development of Internet,it is difficult for users to find the content they are interested in from massive network data,while the recommendation system can solve this problem.Traditional recommendation systems only rely on user’s historical behavior data for recommendation,which has the problems of data sparsity and cold start.The integration of social network information into the recommendation system has been proven to effectively solve the problems of the traditional recommendation system and improve the quality of recommendation system.However,most recommendation systems based on social networks only focus on the one-way trust relationships between users,and ignore the influence of the trusted relationship and the item’s own factors on recommendation results.Therefore,a social trust recommendation algorithm,called SocialIS,which combines item similarity,is proposed.The influence of neighbor users on user when the user is truster and trustee is considered by SocialIS,and the Node2vec algorithm is used to train the item similarity vector containing the user’s preference,and then the graph neural network is used to learn the feature vector of the user and the item to predict the score.A large number of experiments are conducted on the Epinions and Ciao data sets,and the performance of the proposed algorithm is measured by error-based indicators (MAE and RMSE),and compared with other algorithms to verify its performance.Experimental results show that compared with other algorithms,the proposed algorithm had smaller scoring prediction error and better recommendation effect.

Background and purpose: Adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer after early breast-conserving surgery has been recommended by the guidelines. However, the feasibility of hypofractionated radiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost is not available. In this randomized controlled study, the cardiac dosimetry parameters and cardiac ultrasound indexes of the two radiotherapy plans were compared to evaluate the safety of hypofractionated radiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost plan in terms of cardiotoxicity. Methods: A total of 40 patients with breast cancer who received breast-conserving surgery were selected in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from March 2017 to March 2018. They were randomly divided into two groups, including 20 patients reveiving hypofractionated radiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost plan (whole breast 4 005 cGy/15 Fx, tumor bed 4 500 cGy/15 Fx) and 20 patients reveiving conventional fractionation with simultaneous integrated boost plan (whole breast 5 000 cGy/25 Fx, tumor bed 6 000 cGy/25 Fx). The cardiac dosimetric parameters and cardiac ultrasound indexes of the two groups were compared. The dosimetric parameters included the average doses (Dmean) of the whole heart, left ventricle, right ventricle, right ventricular free wall, ventricular septum and left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, and the relative volume fraction of each structure irradiated by 5-35 Gy (V5 Gy-V35 Gy). The follow-up indexes of echocardiography included aortic root diameter, left atrial diameter, left ventricular end diastolic diameter, left ventricular end systolic diameter, ventricular septal thickness, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction, E peak, A peak, E-peak deceleration time (DT), E, A, E/A and S wave peak. In addition, the cosmetic effect on breast after radiotherapy in the two groups was also evaluated. Results: Dmean of the whole heart in the hypofractionated group and the conventional group were (471.86±170.54) and (733.07±79.11) cGy (P0.05); Dmean of left ventricle were (908.64±865.60) vs (946.93±116.13) cGy (P>0.05). Dmean of right ventricle were (590.37±197.99) vs (905.73±180.82) cGy (P0.05). There was no significant difference in cosmetic effect between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Compared with the conventional fractionation plan, hypofractionated radiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost significantly reduced the radiation dose of the whole heart and some cardiac substructures, and there were no abnormal cardiac ultrasound indexes during one-year follow-up. The dose fractionation method in this study is safe and feasible. Limiting the whole heart dose alone can not effectively protect LAD, so it is recommended to outline the cardiac substructure and limit the dose alone to better protect the heart.

The dynamic characteristics of silicon carbide VDMOS (SiC VDMOS) with different bias states under total dose radiation environment were studied. The effects of 60Co γ�ray irradiation on the threshold voltage and switching characteristics of SiC VDMOS with three bias states were compared. The maximum cumulative dose was 100 krad(Si). When the cumulative dose reached 10, 30, 50, 70, and 100 krad(Si), the sensitive parameters were tested by shift test. Annealing at room temperature for 168 h was carried out, and the annealing changes of the three biases were compared. The device used in the experiment was 39 A and 650 V (SCT3060ALHRC11) N�channel SiC VDMOS produced by ROHM Company. The irradiation experiment was carried out in Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The irradiation source is 60Co, and the dose rate is 50 rad(Si)/s. The sample was irradiated to 100 krad(Si) at room temperature with different biases (Vgs=-5, 0, 20 V, drain and source grounded). Keithley 4200A�SCS semiconductor characteristic analysis system, BC3193 semiconductor discrete device test system, and self�built dynamic test system were selected on the test instrument. The results show that with the increase of 60Co γ�ray irradiation dose, the trapped charge accumulates in the oxide layer, resulting in the decrease of threshold voltage in the static characteristic. Gate oxides in the device accumulate positively charged oxide trap charges. These positively charged defects attract electrons on the semiconductor surface and increase the surface electron concentration, thus reducing the RDS(ON). There are no notable changes in RDS(ON). At the same time, the total ionizing dose radiation does not affect the IGSS, which is consistent with the results of previous studies. It is worth noting that irradiation can shorten the turn�on time slightly, increase turn�off time increases sharply, and the switching loss increases. For this phenomenon, we believe that the change of depletion layer thickness and threshold voltage after irradiation is the main reason for the differential degradation of its turn�on and turn�off response. On the one hand, due to the delay of the Miller platform region, the gate capacitor is charging and discharging during the device’s opening, and the closing process will be slower. The turn�on and turn�off response of the device will be slower and will be prolonged. On the other hand, the reduction of the threshold often makes the channel region of the device enter the anti�pattern region in advance, which makes the device turn on and turn off in advance faster. Further in�depth and detailed research on dynamic radiation damage characteristics is of great significance to ensure the reliability of SiC power devices in a space radiation environment.

Objective To investigate the correlation between BRAFV600E and different clinical features of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC). Methods The clinical and pathological data of 164 patients diagnosed with PTC between December 2016 to December 2019 in Baoding First Central Hospital were selected, detecting the BRAFV600E gene mutation in patients and analyzing the correlation between BRAFV600E mutation rate and different clinicopathological characteristics in order to investigate the effect of BRAFV600E mutation on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of PTC patients. Results A total of 164 PTC patients were included, 52 (31.7%) patients had papillary thyroid carcinoma combined with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 132 (80.5%) patients developed cervical lymph node metastasis, 48 (29.3%) patients were≥55 years old, and 108 (65.9%) patients were detected BRAFV600E mutation. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was associated with the age, lesion location, maximum tumor diameter and nodular calcification in PTC patients (P

According to the "White Paper on China's Intelligent Internet of Things (AIoT) 2020",with the prompt development of China's 5G network,the rapid popularization of large-capacity with low-price IoT sensor devices and the explosive growth of data,image processing is widely used in various fields of Internet of Things,such as smart city,smart transportation,smart healthcare,and other industry,etc.In these research areas,researchers usually ignore the actual problems in the data collection process,for instance,data degradation caused by time changes:seasonal shifting,diurnal variation,weather changes,and noise problems caused by spatial changes:object superposition,blur,and partial occlusion.Among those problems,the weather pro-blems represented by rainy days are the most challenging and common.Therefore,this paper systematically investigates the actual problems in the data collection process above,classifies and summarizes the image rain-removal algorithms under complex weather conditions.At the same time,regarding the compute-intensive execution of such algorithms,we utilize the Amazon EC2 cloud instance G4 and P3 series to quantitatively evaluate the processing time and effect of various reviewed rain removal algorithms.Finally,we illustrate the characteristics of various rain removal algorithms and the latest trends in Cloud-IoT applications.

Fentanyl analogues are laboratory-synthesized strong opioids with high addictive properties, simple preparation and easy derivatization. Their introduction to the drug market has shown increasing smuggling and illicit abuse worldwide. In addition, the toxic dose of fentanyl analogues is small, which can cause high mortality and pose a serious threat to public health in various countries. In this regard, 21 fentanyl-related substances were controlled by the United Nations cumulative regulations in 2018, and the Chinese government implemented the whole class control of fentanyl-related substances in 2019 in order to deal with the risk and harm caused by the problem of eating and injecting drugs, and protect people’s physical and mental health. Based on the social harmfulness of fentanyl analogues, we reviewed their properties, abuse method, laboratory detection and on-site rapid detection method. The development of detection technology and method is also briefly prospected in order to provide technical reference for drug inspection research.

Recommendation systems alleviate the problem of information overload caused by the rapid increase of data on the Internet.But traditional recommendation systems are not accurate enough due to data sparsity and cold start.Therefore,a novel recommendation algorithm based on knowledge graph and tag-aware (KGTA) is proposed.First,tags of items and users are used to capture low-order and high-order features through knowledge graph representation learning.The semantic information of entities and relationships in two knowledge graphs is embedded into a low-dimension vector space to obtain the unified representation of items and users.Then,deep neural networks and recurrent neural networks combining attention mechanism are respectively utilized to extract the latent features of items and users.Finally,ratings are predicted on the basis of latent features.KGTA not only takes relationship information and semantic information of knowledge graph and tags into consideration,but also learns latent features of items and users through deep structures.Experimental results on MovieLens datasets illustrate that the proposed algorithm performs better in rating prediction and improves the accuracy of recommendation.

Objective: To investigate the risk for falling, and fall risk related factors by visiting elderly stroke patients in Shanghai Community Health Service Center. Methods: A total of 230 patients aged from 60 to 90 in the Service Center were randomly selected during 2019 using convenience sampling method. Biochemical indicators were detected,and Morse Fall Risk Assessment Scale was used to assess the falling risk of the subjects. According to the short-form mini-nutritional assessment (MNA-SF method), patients were divided into low-risk and high-risk groups. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the falling risk factors, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves was used to evaluate the value of risk factors in predicting falling risk in elderly stroke patients. Results: After baseline analysis, Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that MNA-SF (OR=0.338, 95%CI: 0.225-0.508, P

The development of mobile devices enables trajectory data to record more useful information, such as check in information and activity information, constituting semantic trajectory data. Fast and effective trajectory similarity computation will bring great benefits to the analysis of problems. Scholars have studied trajectory similarity and semantic trajectory similarity and have proposed some effective methods. However, existing trajectory similarity computation methods cannot be applied to semantic trajectory data, and the current semantic trajectory similarity computation methods do not work well under the condition of low trajectory sampling frequency. In this paper, on the basis of solving the sensitivity of trajectory similarity computation to low sampling frequency, combined with the additional visited point information of semantic trajectory, a new trajectory similarity computation model is proposed, which is called multi-aspect semantic trajectory (MAST). The model is based on LSTM (long short-term memory) and introduces the self-attention mechanism. The learned trajectory is expressed as multiple low-dimensional vectors of different aspects of the trajectory, forming a matrix, thereby solving the problem that a single vector cannot accurately express the trajectory. This matrix contains not only the spatial information of the trajectory, but also the semantic information, which can be used to calculate the similarity of the semantic trajectory. MAST is tested on two realistic semantic trajectory datasets. Experimental data show that MAST is superior to existing methods.

This study investigates the AD574, a 12-bit analog/digital converter (ADC) produced by American Analog Devices, Inc. (ADI) using bipolar/I2L technology. The test samples are subjected to a total ionizing dose (TID) of 400 Gy(Si) under 60Co γ irradiation. The samples with and without the TID are then subjected to a single-event upset (SEU) test, and the upset times of the output codes under the input signal conditions of 0 V, 1 V, and 2.5 V are obtained. The test results indicate that, after accumulating a total dose of 400 Gy(Si), the upset of the AD574 output code shifts toward the right of the center code value, resulting in a change in the upset times. Furthermore, the mechanism of the TID-SEU synergistic effect for the AD574 is preliminarily analyzed; it is believed that this phenomenon is related to the sensitivity of the ADC internal comparator single-event transient (SET). The amplitude and width of the SET pulse of the comparator with the TID increase significantly; this causes a change in the AD574 output code value upset distribution and the number of upset times. This study on the TID-SEU synergistic effect serves as a useful reference for aerospace components with radiation hardness.

Post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA is an essential step from RNA transcription to gene translation, the process includes mRNA splicing, nuclear export, translation, and decay. Post-transcriptional dysregulation in the brain is one of the causal factors of Alzheimer's disease. This review summarizes the dysfunctional post-transcriptional regulation of APP, MAPT and many other risk genes of AD identified so far. Meanwhile, RNA N6-methyladenosine methylation is the most abundant epitranscriptomic mark on mRNA and regulate almost every step in mRNA metabolism. Due to the abnormal expression of m6A regulators and participation in alternative splicing of risk genes in AD, the hypothesis proposes that post-transcriptional dys-regulation mediated by m6A may function as a novel pathogenic factor of AD .

A balanced and adequate diet is the key point to ensure healthy development of children's brains, physical health, and immunity in early life. Infant nutritional status is affected by many factors, among which complementary feeding is the most important. In this paper, we reviewed the definition and assessment method of complementary feeding patterns, the prevalence of Chinese complementary feeding patterns and existing problems, the research progress of the relationship between patterns of complementary feeding and nutritional status and the limitation and future study of complementary feeding. Previous studies showed that the malnutrition status and qualified complementary feeding patterns of infants and young children in poor areas need improvement. And there is almost no research focus on introducing different types of a specific food, the number of food types and the amount of feeding. There is still a lack of research on the patterns of complementary feeding and its effect on the nutritional status of infants. Few studies focus on the causes of the complementary feeding patterns, such as the patterns of complementary feeding and its associated factors for breastfed and non-breastfed infants, the relationship between the characteristics of complementary foods and nutritional status of infants, and the overall analysis of risk factors of complementary foods.

Objective To analyze the distribution of ApoE and SLCO1B1 genetic polymorphisms of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Han nationality of Hebei region. Methods Patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases admitted to our hospital corresponding department from June 2019 to October 2020 were selected. The polymorphisms of ApoE and SLCO1B1 genes in 4193 patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were detected qualitatively by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)⁃fluorescence probe technique, to analyze the distribution characteristics of polymorphism and compare the genotype distribution difference between male and female. Results The observed mutation frequencies of ApoE and SLCO1B1 gene polymorphism of Han nationality in Hebei region were consistent with the Hardy⁃Weinberg genetic balance. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the distribution of ApoE gene polymorphism at 388T > C and 526C > T and SLCO1B1 gene polymorphism at 388A > G and 521T > C between men and women (P > 0.05). Among the six genotypes of ApoE in Han nationality people, genotype ɛ3/ɛ3 accounted for 68.57% (2875/4193), followed by ɛ3/ɛ4 (15.48%, 649/4193), ɛ2/ɛ3 (12.81%, 537/4193), ɛ2/ɛ4 (1.69%, 71/4193), ɛ4/ɛ4 (0.98%, 41/4193), and ɛ2/ɛ2 (0.48%, 20/4193). There was no significant difference in the distribution of ApoE gene phenotypes between male and female (P=0.223). Among the seven genotypes of SLCO1B1 gene, *1b/*1b and *1a/*1b accounted for the largest proportion 39.57% (1659/4193) and 31.05% (1302/4193), while other genotypes *1b/*15, *1a/*1a, *1a/*15, *15/*15 and *1a/*5 accounted for 14.31% (600/4193), 7.20% (302/4193), 6.42% (269/4193), 1.43% (60/4193) and 0.02% (1/4193) respectively. There was no significant difference in the distribution of SLCO1B1 gene phenotypes between male and female (P=0.078). Conclusions The distribution of ApoE and SLCO1B1 gene polymorphisms is different in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Han nationality of Hebei region, and the distribution of ApoE and SLCO1B1 genetic polymorphisms is independent of gender.

The study of urban building combinations is necessary to achieve sustainable urban development, as through such a study we can better grasp the process of urban development and evolution, guide the direction of future urban development, optimize the urban ecological environment, and improve urban livability. With the acceleration of China's urbanization process, the development and evolution of building combinations in China's urban areas are also gaining momentum. Therefore, it is of tremendous practical use to explore the laws related to mixed developments in urban areas to guide rational urban planning and the study of urban microclimates. The analysis is an important foundation for the development of urban landscapes and provides important scientific support for the optimization of the urban ecological environment and the improvement of livability levels. From the data on individual buildings in Guangzhou in 2017, this paper determined basic building combinations in the main urban area using two indexes for building height and building spacing, identified building combinations on a wider scale using a hot-spot analysis, and analyzed the spatial distribution of building combinations and the influence of macro and micro factors. Nine building combinations were identified on the basis of average height and spacing of building convergence surface. As the basic units, the nine basic types were further divided into different combinations to form complex and diverse three-dimensional representations of buildings in the main urban area. Building convergence surface with a scale of hundreds of meters constitute the basic unit of building combination in the main urban area, and are dominated by mixed land use types. The basic types, mainly composed of high-rise buildings, played an obvious role in indicating land use with differences in combinations of each functional area. The basic types of main urban areas have prominent circle differentiation, but the laws for the different types differ. Land price was the core constraining factor for the decrease in urban building height and population density from the urban center to the periphery, as well as the background factor related to differences in urban building combinations. The influence of green spaces, the Pearl River, and the main road on the type, height, and density of the building combination at a micro level complicated building combinations.

Currently, positive channel metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) dosimeters used in China have low sensitivity; to solve this problem, this study aimed to improve the circuit of the PMOS dosimeter probe through detailed investigation of the circuit principles. A probe circuit was hence developed for the differential working mode, and a 60Co γ radiation source was used to perform irradiation tests on commonly used probes in China. The results showed that the radiation response of the developed probe circuit in the differential working mode was linear and consistent with that of the constant current injection mode. Additionally, the sensitivity of the probe in the differential mode was four times that of the constant current injection mode, which was a considerable improvement.

The presence of allergenic proteins in cow milk limits its use as infant formula to a certain extent. Skimmed milk was used as raw material, the degree of hydrolysis, the IgG inhibition rate of skimmed milk and IgE inhibition rate of patients were used as indicators and the effects of alcalase and protamex compound treatment on its sensitization were investigated. The results showed that the most suitable conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis were the substrate ratio (El S) of alcalase and protamex was 6 000Ulg, the composite ratio for alcalase and protamex was 3 #1, and the hydrolysis time was 60 min, and the inhibition rate of the compound enzyme on skimmed milk IgG and IgE antibodies were significantly higher than that effect of the single protease treatment (<<0.05), which were 86.94% and 43.46%, respectively, indicating that the compound enzyme is an effective method to reduce the allergenicity of skimmed milk. Keywords skimmed milk; enzymatic hydrolysis; allergenicity; ELISA [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polypropylene (PP), as one of the three universal plastics, has been widely used in fields such as medical, automotive, and packaging, etc. The article reviewed the research progress of in-situ microfibrillar technology in PP foaming material, conductive material, and reinforcing and toughing PP in recent years. The results showed that by forming in-situ microfibrils in PP, the melt strength of PP can be improved, the merging of bubbles during the foaming process was reduced, the size of bubbles decreased and the density of bubbles increased, the foaming performance of PP was improved. By forming a conductive microfibrillar network structure in PP, the percolation threshold of PP composites can be effectively reduced. The in-situ formation of microfibrils can significantly improve the crystallization ability of PP, and some polymer microfibrils can induce the formation of shish kebab structure in PP, achieving reinforcement and toughening of PP, meawhile, under the synergistic effect of compatibilizers, its reinforcement and toughening effect on PP was more obvious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the environmental problems become serious. The VOCs treatment technology is the research hot point of environmental protection. The research progress of decomposition, recycling and combination methods of VOCs treatment technology was reviewed. The traditional decomposition technology is the main method for the degradation of industrial VOCs due to its low cost, maturity, high yield, and efficiency. The emerging technology will be a research hotspot for its high purification efficiency and no secondary pollution and low powder, especially novel decomposition technology. Finally, the combined technology can break through the limitation of a single technology and purify the multi-component VOCs in the end-of-line by synergistic effect.

Objective To explore the clinical features, diagnosis and treatments of total colonic aganglionosis(TCA) in children. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 41 children with TCA (including 31 boys and 10 girls), who were diagnosed and treated in our department between January 2010 and June 2018. Results The clinical manifestations of the 41 children with TCA included abdominal distention (90.2%), defecation delay (82.9%), vomiting (65.9%) and constipation (63.4%), showing no significant differences from those seen in other types of Hirschsprung's disease (P>0.05). Thirty-three of the children received barium enema before operation, and the results suggested TCA in only 7 (21.2%) children; delayed barium emptying and marked small intestinal distension were observed in 32 of the children. Preoperative anorectal manometry showed a positive rate of 71.4%, and the positive rate of rectal mucosal biopsy was 100% in these children. Thirty-eight of the children underwent surgeries and 25 were cured after the operation. Twenty-one of the surgically cured children were followed up. The intraoperative findings of the intestines revealed terminal ileum stenosis in 7 (18.4%) children, total colonic stenosis in 5 (13.2%) children, terminal ileum and total colonic stenosis in 24 (63.2%) children, and no obvious stenosis in the ileum or the colon in 2 (5.3%) children. Postoperative pathological results supported the diagnosis of TCA in all the surgically treated cases. Enterocolitis (47.6%) was the major complication after radical surgery. Fourteen of the children were evaluated for quality of life score, and 10(71.4%) of them reported excellent and 4(28.6%) reported good quality of life. Conclusion The clinical diagnosis of TCA is difficult, and barium enema has only a limited diagnostic value. A definite diagnosis of TCA can be established by surgical exploration combined with pathological examination. Surgical intervention and standardized postoperative treatment can achieve good long-term outcomes in the children with TCA.

Objective To knock out the KNDC1 of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology and observe its anti-aging ability. Methods Five sgRNAs targeting KNDC1 Exon1, Exon2 and Exon3 were designed by online software and were constructed into CRISPR/Cas9 vector. After sequence confirmation, the recombinant plasmids were transfected into HeLa cells and HUVECs. After 48 h, KNDC1 mRNA levels and protein expression levels were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot; cell senescence was measured by SA-β-gal staining; intracellular reactive oxygen species were detected by 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescent probe. Results The sequencing results showed that all the 5 sgRNAs were inserted into the CRISPR/Cas9 vector, the sequence was correct and these vectors were successfully constructed. After transfecting 5 recombinant vectors into HeLa cells, it was found that the knockout efficiency of vectors No. 4 and No. 5 was higher, and then the recombinant vectors of No. 4 and 5 were transfected into HUVECs. Compared with the control plasmid, the KNDC1 mRNA level and protein expression level in HUVECs transfected with recombinant plasmids 4 and 5 were significantly decreased (P＜0.05). The number of senescent HUVECs and the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species were significantly reduced. Conclusions The KNDC1 of HUVECs can be effectively knocked out by CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and HUVECs with KNDC1 knockout have anti-aging ability.

Objective To analyze the clinical features and pathogen characteristics of acute appendicitis in children. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the data of 149 children with acute appendicitis treated in our hospital between January 1, 2018 and November 30, 2018, and analyzed their clinical features, laboratory test results, therapeutic effects, results of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity of the bacteria. Results ① The children had an average age of 7 years and 7 months with a male to female ratio of 1.57 :1.00. ②The main clinical manifestations included abdominal pain (99.32%), digestive tract symptoms (79.87%) and fever (65.77%). All the children had abdominal tenderness, could be accompanied by such peritonitis signs as rebound pain (81.21%) and muscle tension (77.18%). ③The incidence of clinical symptoms and signs did not differ significantly among different age groups. The children with different pathological types showed significant differences in peripheral blood white blood cell (WBC) counts, percentage of neutrophils and C-reactive protein (CRP) level (P < 0.05), and WBC counts were higher in children with gangrenous appendicitis and lower in children with uncomplicated appendicitis; these parameters did not differ significantly among different age groups. The positive rate of ultrasonography was 82.55% in these children, and abdominal inflammatory lesion was the predominant finding by B-mode ultrasound. ④Of the 149 children, 14 had acute simple appendicitis (9.40%), 49 had acute suppurative appendicitis (32.89%) and 86 had acute gangrenous appendicitis (57.71%). The incidences of appendicitis of different pathological types differed significantly among children with different disease courses (P < 0.001); a disease course over 1 d was associated with a significantly increased risk of gangrenous appendicitis. Residual abdominal infection was the most common postoperative complication (29.53%), which was more likely in cases of gangrenous appendicitis, and its incidence differed significantly among different pathological types (chi-square=24.463, P < 0.001). ⑤Bacterial culture of the pus was performed in 75.84% of the cases, and the positive rate was 81.42%. Most of the pathogens identified were Gram-negative bacteria (81.15%), consisting predominantly of Escherichia coli (70.70%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.22%). Drug sensitivity tests showed that the pathogenic bacteria (both Gram-negative and -positive) were highly sensitive to meropenem and imipenem; the gram-negative bacteria showed a high sensitivity to semisynthetic penicillins and the third generation cephalosporins. ⑥The children received double or triple antibiotic therapies after the operation, which resulted in positive response rates of 97.22% and 99.10%, respectively. The children showing poor responses to the double and triple therapies were cured after treatment with the special class antibiotics such as meropenem and imipenem. Conclusion The clinical manifestations are atypical in children with acute appendicitis, for which a clinical diagnosis is made based primarily on the presence of right lower abdominal pain and fixed tenderness, and peripheral blood tests and abdominal B-ultrasound only have limited diagnostic values. Once diagnosed, prompt operation should be performed with standardized use of postoperative antibiotics in children with acute appendicitis.

Objective To investigate pathologic effects combined with postoperative results on right colon cancer with laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision(CME) via dorsal-medial hybrid approach compared with traditional medial approach. Methods A total of 68 patients with right colon cancer undergoing laparoscopic CME in our hospital between Ja-nuary and June 2017 were studied retrospectively. There were two groups including 37 cases in dorsal-medial hybrid group and 31 cases in traditional medial group. CME quality evaluated with the method proposed by West et al along with safety, short-term results and long-term prognosis were compared between two groups. Results CME completion rate was 86.5% in dorsal-medial hybrid group and 80.6% in traditional medial group without statistical difference(P=0.53). Laparoscopic dissection time in dorsal-medial group was significantly shorter than that in traditional medial group[(62.70±12.22) min vs.(70.39±11.98) min, P=0.01]. There was no statistical difference in operation time, blood loss, postoperative flatus time, postoperative complications and long-term prognosis of the patients between two groups. Conclusions Laparoscopic CME via dorsal-medial hybrid approach for right colon cancer could have less laparoscopic dissection time, and two approaches were similar in CME quality, safety and prognosis.

CAN has become the most extensive fieldbus for contemporary automotive applications due to its outstanding reliability and flexibility. However, the standard CAN protocol does not provide sufficient security measures and is vulnerable to eavesdropping, replay, flooding, and denial of service attacks. In order to effectively detect whether the CAN bus is attacked, and to filter malicious messages when subjected to flooding attacks. The characteristics of vehicle CAN bus message communication were analyzed, and an intrusion detection method was proposed, which could effectively perform intrusion detection and malicious message filtering. Through experimental verification, the method can detect whether the CAN bus is attacked by 100%, and the accuracy of malicious packet filtering can reach over 99%.