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With the increasing demand for the current wool knitted products and the overall poor quality of wool knitted products and backward present situation of sewing equipment in our country, an automatic edge alignment method for woollen sweater is proposed based on visual servo. The method adopts machine vision technology to translate color images of the fabric into grey images, set the ROI and through median filtering, threshold segmentation, and image corrosion, search the minimum bounding rectangle of scale line contours, extracts the fabric edge from collected images, calculates the deviation between the fabric edge and the baseline, and transforms further the deviation into the pulse signal of stepper motor, finally drives screw regulating mechanism to achieve edge alignment of upper and lower two pieces of fabric. A large number of experiments have validated the proposed method can improve the quality of woollen sweaters and production efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technology, the components of Daqinglong Decoction absorbed in serum were analyzed and identified, and the therapeutic material basis of the prescription was revealed via network pharmacology. UPLC conditions are as follows: Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C_(18) column(2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm), mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution(A)-0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile(B), gradient elution. Peakview 2.0 and MetabolitePilot 1.5 were employed for the comparison of Daqinglong Decoction, blank serum, and serum after the administration of the decoction, and the components of Daqinglong Decoction absorbed in serum were analyzed based on MS/MS profiles in related database and literature. The targets of the components absorbed in serum were retrieved from SwissTargetPrediction, DrugBank, and Batman-TCM. With the search terms of common cold, influenza, flu, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, rhinallergosis, allergic coryza, rheumatic arthritis, and nephritis, the related disease targets were screened out. Then the absorbed component-potential target gene network and absorbed component target-disease target network were constructed, followed by Gene Ontology(GO) term enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of the core targets. iGEMDOCK was employed for molecular docking of the absorbed components and core targets. In the serum after the administration of the decoction, 28 components were preliminarily identified, with 21 prototypes and 7 metabolites. Among them, 5 core components of ephedrine, demethylephedrine, glycyrrhetinic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and 2-methoxybenzoic acid were screened out, and 9 core targets, such as JUN, tumor protein 53(TP53), and protein kinase B(AKT1), were identified. Molecular docking showed high binding affinity of core components and core targets. Therefore, Daqinglong Decoction may exert therapeutic effect by regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK), cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)-protein kinase G(PKG) signaling pathways and further improving and regulating inflammatory response and other physiological and pathological processes. This study clarifies the components of Daqinglong Decoction absorbed in serum and explores the therapeutic material basis of the prescription, which provides a reference for further elucidating the mechanism of Daqinglong Decoction and its clinical application.

Multiple ecosystems (grassland, desert and shrubs) always coexist in ecologically fragile areas. Influence by external environmental conditions and human activities, one ecosystem in ecologically fragile areas would be changed into another, called abrupt change. It is important to analyze the stability of each ecosystem in ecologically fragile areas under the condition of multiple ecosystems coexistence for understanding ecosystem changes. In this article, we reviewed several mathematical models that can describe the dynamic system and stability of multiple ecosystems in ecologically fragile areas. The dynamic system described by differential equations included the uniform and non-uniform ecosystems, as well as multi-ecosystems with the existence of forests, grasses, and deserts. There were three types of methods for analyzing the stability of the ecosystem. One type was the analysis method of ecosystem stability caused by the initial perturbation that could represent human activities, and the other type was the analysis method of ecosystem stability caused by the model perturbation that can represent the changes of environmental factors (precipitation, temperature, etc. ), and the third type was the analysis method of ecosystem stability caused by the combination of initial perturbation and model perturbation. Finally, we introduced how to analyze the stabilities of ecosystem in ecologically fragile areas with those methods. These mathematical methods not only help us understand the stability of the ecosystems in the ecologically fragile area, but also provide theoretical guidance for the abrupt change of the ecological system, future prediction, and management.

In this experiment, ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was used to analyze and identify chemical constituents of Ginseng-Douchi(GD) compound fermentation, and explore the conversion rules of ginsenosides and soybean isoflavones after compound fermentation. Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C_(18) column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) was adopted, with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution(A)-0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution(B) as mobile phase for gradient elution; electrospray ion source(ESI) was used to collect data in positive and negative ion modes; according to the exact mass number, the secondary spectrum comparison of the database and the existing literature reports, Peakview 2.0/masterview 1.0 software was used to determine the common ion structure formula. Finally, a total of 133 chemical constituents were analyzed and identified from the GD. Ginseng saponins and isoflavone glycosides were significantly converted after fermentation. Among them, peak areas of prototype ginsenosides Rk_3, Rh_1, Rh_2, Rh_3, daidzin, glycitin and genistin decreased significantly; whereas peak areas of se-condary ginsenoside Rb_1, Rb_2, Rk_1, glycitein, genistein and daidzein increased significantly. In this experiment, liquid-mass spectrometry technique was used to investigate the conversion of active ingredients of GD compound fermented products after co-fermentation, so as to provide a scientific basis for elucidating pharmacodynamics material basis and quality control.

Objective: To explore the biomechanical characteristics of "three-dimensional balanced manipulation" for the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(CSR)., Methods: A CSR patient was treated with "three-dimensional balanced manipulation", and the mechanical changes during the manipulation were monitored by mechanical testing system. Using spiral CT to scan the neck of the patient to obtain DICOM data. The three-dimensional finite element model of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy was established by using Mimics software, Geographic Studio software. The "three-dimensional balance manipulation" was simulated and loaded, and the mechanical parameters of each part were replaced into the finite element model, and the finite element analysis was carried out by using ANSYS software to study the internal stress changes and displacement deformation of vertebral body and intervertebral disc under the action of "three-dimensional balance manipulation"., Results: The established C 3 -C 7 finite element model of the CSR patient consisted of 5 vertebrae, 4 intervertebral discs and 3 ligaments, involving 153 471 nodes and 64 978 units. The stress of C 3 -C 7 vertebral body was mainly located in anterior and root of C 5 spinous processes, arch, vertebral arch and the combination of the two after full loading of manipulation, and the maximum stress was 17.781 MPa. The deformation sites were mainly concentrated in articular processes and anterior transverse processes of C 3 , superior articular processes and transverse processes of C 4 , articular processes of C 5 . The stress of C 3 -C 7 intervertebral disc mainly distributed in the anterior part of C 3, 4 intervertebral disc and the nucleus pulposus of C 4, 5 and C 5, 6 . The displace mentextended to the middle and posterior part of C 3, 4 nucleus pulposus, around the nucleus of C 4, 5 and C 5, 6 and anterior part of cervical intervertebral disc., Conclusion: The establishment of three-dimensional finite element model of C 3 -C 7 cervical spondylotic radiculopathy can simulate the geometry and material properties of cervical spine, and also accurately reflects the biomechanical characteristics of cervical spine, verifys the internal mechanism of "three-dimensional balanced manipulation" on CSR, proves the safety and effectiveness of treatment, guides more standardized manipulation, and avoids medical accidents.

Objective: To analyze the clinical effect of spinal cord decompression and lavage therapy on chronic cervical spinal cord injury and explore the possible mechanism., Methods: Fifty-seven patients with chronic cervical spinal cord injury treated in our hospital from January, 2008 to January, 2015 were enrolled, including 17 with multilevel cervical disc herniation, 25 with long segmental ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, 13 with hypertrophy or calcification of neck ligamentum flavum, and 2 with old cervical fractures. Open-door spinal canal laminoplasty via a posterior approach and decompression in simple extramedullary decompression was performed in 31 cases (group A), and open-door spinal cord incision decompression via a posterior approach, saline irrigation, and spinal canal laminoplasty in intramedullary decompression was performed in 26 cases (group B). The pre-operative cerebrospinal fluid in group B patients was collected to examine the inflammatory factors. All the patients were followed up and evaluated for pre- and postoperative JOA scores to calculate the improvement rate with regular examinations by X-ray, CT or MRI., Results: Imaging examinations 2 weeks after the operation showed obvious relief of the primary lesion in both groups, and the improvement of high signals was better in group B than in group A. The mean improvement rate at 12 months after the operation was 52.33% in group A and 61.52% in group B (P<0.05), and the mean JOA score was significantly higher in group B than in group A (14.80∓1.51 vs 13.58∓0.56; P<0.05). Cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred in 3 cases, epidural hematoma in 2 cases, internal fixation loosening in 1 case in group A; portal shaft fracture and internal fixation loosening occurred in 1 case in group B. Postoperative recovery time was shorter in group B and entered the platform phase in 3 months. The inflammatory factors IFN-γ, IL-17F, IL-6 and sCD40L were all significantly higher than the normal levels after spinal cord injury, and the increment of IL-6 was the most conspicuous (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Intramedullary and extramedullary decompression can achieve better outcomes than extramedullary decompression in patients with chronic cervical cord injury. This may be related not only to relieving adhesions and secondary compression by cutting the dura under the microscope, but also to removal of local inflammatory factors.

To analyze the dynamic changes in components in exocarp of Juglans mandshurica at different browning periods. Twenty-six batches of exocarp of J. mandshurica samples from thirteen browning periods were assessed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The formula of different compounds were determined by accurate mass and isotopic abundance ratio from target screening function of Peakview 2.0/masterview1.0 software. Then their structures were determined by analysis of MS/MS fragment or comparison with standard substances and references. The contents of chemical components were changed significantly in different browning periods and twenty five compounds were identified or inferred. Of the 13 naphthoquinone compounds, the contents of 6 compounds with similar parent nucleus as juglone and 3 naphthoquinone glycosides compounds were decreased significantly, and 4 naphthoquinone derivatives such as regiolone were produced; the contents of four flavones and two phenolic acids compounds were decreased significantly; and the contents of 6 diarylheptanoids compounds were increased significantly. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS method can be used to identify and analyze the chemical constituents from exocarp of J. mandshurica rapidly and accurately, and analyze the rules of dynamic changes, to reveal the browning of Chinese medicinal materials and its effects on compositions of fruits and vegetables., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

The changes in effective components of Juglans mandshurica at different harvest periods were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Eighteen batch samples of J. mandshurica from six harvest periods were assessed by multivariate statistical analysis with Markerview software. The formula of different compounds were determined by accurate mass and isotopic abundance ratio from target screening function of Peakview 2.0/Masterview1.0 software. Then their structure were determined by analysis of MS/MS fragment or comparison with standard substances and references. Naphthoquinone are the major markers in samples of Juglans mandshurica from different harvest periods. Thirty-eight of naphthalenequinones were identified or inferred in J. mandshurica and contents decline gradually. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS method which develops a new strategy can identify and analyze chemical constituents from J. mandshurica rapidly and accurately, main chemical constituents can be used for quality evaluation and efficacy material research. The dynamic changes in the metabolite accumulation of J. mandshurica the basic data for harvesting medicinal plants at different times., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

Objective: To analyze the chemical compositions of the leaves from Acanthopanax senticosus., Methods: Rapid identification of chemical constituents in the leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS / MS. The chemical constituents were identified and speculated by using Peakview data processing software, the retention time, exact relative molecular mass, and cleavage fragments of MS / MS were detected. Chromatography-mass spectrometry conditions were as follows, the analysis was performed on Waters BEH C18column( 100 mm × 2. 1 mm,1. 7 μm) in gradient elution with a mobile phase of 0. 1% formic acid aqueous solution and 0. 1%formic acid acetonitrile, the flow rate was at 0. 3 m L / min, the data was collected by the negative and positive ion mode using ESI ion source., Results: 30 compounds were identified and speculated by the standards and compounds of MS / MS, the references and Chemispider database., Conclusion: This method is fast, sensitive and comprehensive with the rapid identification of chemical constituents in the leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus, which will provide the evidences for perfecting the quality standard, and clarify the efficacy material base of the leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus.

Objective: To investigate the effects of miR-181b on the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells., Methods: Three cultured osteosarcoma cell lines and MG-63 cells transfected with miR-181b inhibitor were examined for miR-181b expression using qRT-PCR analysis. The cell migration and invasion of the transfected cells were assessed with Transwell assay. The targets of miR-181b were predicted using a miRNA target prediction software and the results were verified with luciferase reporter assay. The target protein expression in osteosarcoma cells lines was determined by Western blotting, and the cell migration and invasion changes following inhibition of miR-181b or its target protein were assessed using Transwell assay., Results: All the 3 osteosarcoma cells lines showed significantly up-regulated miR-181b expression. Inhibition of miR-181b expression obviously suppressed the migration and invasion of MG-63 cells. Based on luciferase reporter assay, N-myc downstream regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) was identified as the direct target gene of miR-181b, and inhibition of NDRG2 expression significantly reversed the effect of miR-181b on cell migration and invasion in MG-63 cells., Conclusion: miR-181b is over-expressed in osteosarcoma cells, and inhibition of miR-181b, which directly targets NDRG2, can suppress the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells.

Objective: To investigate the RHD zygosity of Rh(D)-positive Chinese Hans in order to study the mother-fetus Rh isoimmunization prophylaxis., Methods: Rh(D) blood group of 31 115 donors were serotyped, and the RHD zygosities were analyzed, or determined through a PCR method for 3628 donors of Rh(D)-positive individuals., Results: Among the 31 115 donors, 99 were tested Rh(D)-negative by indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) (0.318%). The d frequency was 0.056 41, D was 0.943 59, and Dd heterozygosity was 0.106 45 (10.6%). However the rate was 0.090 32 (about 9.0%) after excluding DEL (IAT-negative). For the 3628 PCR tested donors, 3383 were DD (93.2%), 245 were Dd (6.8%). After excluding nonfunctional RHD alleles, 7.4% of the donors were carrying one functional RHD. It showed that an Rh(D)-negative Chinese Han woman gives an Rh(D)-negative child at a rate of 3.7%-4.5% when her husband is Rh(D)-positive., Conclusion: Fetus Rh(D) genotyping may be unnecessary for Chinese Hans if invasive operation was needed for prenatal diagnosis. The Rh prophylaxis could be chosen assuming an Rh(D)-positive fetus.

This study was aimed to investigate the molecular genetic basis and serological phenotype of Rh weak D type 15 individuals. Samples were identified by serological tests and genotyped by sequence specific primer-PCR (SSP-PCR), and were sequenced to detect the changes of all ten RHD exons. The number of gene RHD was detected through SSP-PCR. The results showed that in tested individuals of weak D type confirmed by the IAT, 18 cases (56% in weak D) were weak D type 15. Rh factors found in 2 weak D type 15 individuals (11%) were C+c+E+e; Rh factors found in 2 weak D type 15 individuals (11%) were C+c+E-e+; others (78%) were c-c+E+e+. The results by serological tests were consistent with the results genotyped by PCR-SSP method. In all 18 samples, the sequencing result revealed a gene mutation 845G > A at the exon 6 of the RHD and the point mutation changed amino acid G282D of the RhD polypeptide. The zygosity test demonstrated that 2 out of 18 weak D type 15 individuals were RHD(+)/RHD(+) homozygous (two DCe/DcE), 16 cases were RHD(+)/RHD(-) heterozygous (two DCe/dce and fourteen DcE/dce). It is concluded that Weak D type 15 is predominant in weak D individuals of Chinese Han Nationality, and most of them are heterozygous with various RH haplotypes.

To study the genetic polymorphism of HPA 1-16 platelet antigen alleles among unrelated volunteer donors and establish a typed platelet donor panel in Handan, typing was perfomed by polymerase chain reaction using sequence-specific primers (SSP-PCR); 148 random unrelated blood donors in Handan were genotyped for each of the HPA 1-16 antigen. The gene frequencies were analyzed and the genetype frequencies were determined by direct counting, and these data were compared with HPA distribution among various population by the chi-square test. The results indicated that HPA-1a, 2a, 4a-14a, 16a genes were found among the 16 HPAs in every sample tested. Monomorphic HPA-4a, 7a-14a, 16a were found in the samples. For HPA-1, 2, 5 and 6, a/a homozygosity was predominant with frequencies of 0.9595, 0.8108, 0.9865, 0.9797, respectively, and none of HPA b/b was found in the samples. HPA-1b, 2b, 5b, 6b were rarely found among subjects. HPA-15 had the greatest heterozygosity with a gene frequency of 0.2230, 0.5270, 0.2500 for HPA15a/15a, HPA15a/15b, HPA15b/15b, respectively. HPA-3 showed the second greatest heterozygosity with a gene frequency of 0.3851, 0.5135, 0.1014 for HPA3a/3a, HPA3a/3b, HPA3b/3b, respectively. HPA genotype frequencies showed a good fit to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. HPA1-5 gene frequencies for Chinese people in Handan were consistent with those of Chinese people in Shijiazhuang (P > 0.05). Among the HPA1-13, -15, the frequencies of HPA-1, -2, -6 for Chinese people in Handan differed appreciably from those for Chinese people in Taiwan (P < 0.05), others were similar to those of Chinese people in Taiwan. Among the HPA 1 - 8, a similarity was noted between Chinese people in Handan and Koreans (P > 0.05), except for HPA-3. Frequencies of HPA-1, -2, -5 significantly were differed from those in African Americans, as compared with HPA 1-5 (P < 0.05). Comparison of gene frequencies from HPA-1 and -5 showed significant differences between Chinese people in Handan and people in UK (P < 0.05). It is concluded that HPA-2, -3, -5, -15 of people in Western region of China have polymorphism, incompatible frequency of HPA antigen distribution is higher, which inevitably results in the increase of immunologic exposure, therefore attention must be paid to the importance of HPA-2, -3, -5, -15 in clinical disorders. This study for the first time completely analyses HPA1-16 gene frequencies in China, and provides data for establishing a typed platelet donor panel in Handan, China.