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The straw-bale has been widely used in the building field, compared to the traditional architecture material, it has lots of advantages such as high thermal resistance value, light weight, and environmental friendly material. In order to investigate the application effect, a solar greenhouse was designed and built with straw-bale. The performance of straw-bale wall solar greenhouse was evaluated, and compared with the soil wall and brick wall solar greenhouse. The hygroscopicity and desorption of straw, and thermal conductivity of straw-bale were evaluated. The moisture content of straw-bale, temperature and humidity, crop yield, morbidity of different solar greenhouse (soil wall, brick wall, and straw-bale wall) were discussed in the paper. The results showed that the maximum moisture content of straw was about 22.0% under the condition of 97% relative humidity and 25°C temperature, while the maximum moisture content of straw in the solar greenhouse was 23.6% during the experiment. The thermal conductivity of straw-bale with density of 0.20 g/cm3 was 0.069 W/(m·K), while the thermal conductivity of soil wall and brick wall were 1.210 W/(m·K) and 0.982 W/(m·K). The inertia index of straw-bale wall (0.46 m), soil wall (4.0 m) and brick wall (0.5 m) were 5.603, 43.513, and 4.636, respectively. The air temperature in the straw-bale wall solar greenhouse was 1.3°C higher than that in the brick wall solar greenhouse, and 2.1°C lower than that in the soil wall solar greenhouse. All the air temperature of solar greenhouse was above 9.0°C when the outdoor temperature was -7°C. The soil temperature in the straw-bale wall solar greenhouse was 1.2°C higher than that in the brick wall solar greenhouse, and 1.1°C lower than that in the soil wall solar greenhouse. All the soil temperature of solar greenhouse was above 12.1°C when the outdoor temperature was -7°C. The average air relative humidity of straw-bale wall, soil wall, and brick wall solar greenhouse were 75%, 87%, and 84%, respectively. The straw-bale displayed the adjusting capacity at some extent for the greenhouse air humidity due to the structural porosity of straw. It can not only improve the internal environment of greenhouse, but also restrain the occurrence of plant diseases. During full fruit period of the planted color peppers, the morbidity in the greenhouse with soil wall, brick wall, and straw-bale wall were 25%, 50% and 0, respectively, and the crop yields in the three kinds of greenhouse were 6 375, 7 130 and 6 833 kg, respectively. What's more, according to the design in the work, 35 000 kg straw (air dried) had been used to build the straw-bale wall solar greenhouse in this study. Also, the utilization rate of the land can improve by 34.6% due to reducing the wall thickness. In a conclusion, the straw bale has the potential to replace the soil or brick wall for building solar greenhouse thermal insulation wall. Further research should be paid attention on optimization of the straw greenhouse structural design, for example, the wall base and outer surface structural improvement, so as to elevate the thermal performance of straw bale greenhouse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to advantages in being lightweight, inexpensive, biodegradable, and an easy process, composite materials with plant fiber filler have been widely applied in industry, agriculture, national defense, and other fields. In this study, flowerpots in a friendly environment were moulding-prepared through the procedure of mixing and hot-pressing in an oil hydraulic machine. The flowerpots were made of rice husk, rice husk power, and modified urea-formaldehyde resin. The rice husk or husk power components were added as reinforcing agents, while the resin component was added as a matrix material. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the influence of the dosage of urea-formaldehyde resin (UF), modified urea-formaldehyde resin (SUF), ratio of rice husk and rice husk power, and the wet cycle treatment on the mechanical property of the flowerpots. Thermal stability and microstructure of the flowerpots treated with the rewetting method were analyzed by Thermo-gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and a Scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The results showed that the mechanical properties of the flowerpots could be improved by applying modified urea-formaldehyde resin or adding rice husk power. With the dosage of modified UF, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and tensile strength of the straw flowerpot all improved. The modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and tensile strength were 75.48 MPa, 16.06 GPa, and 17.44 MPa, respectively, when the ratio of reinforcing agent and matrix material was 1:0.5 (w/w) and the ratio of unbroken rice husk and rice husk power was 3:7 (w/w). Wet cycle treatment led mechanical parameter values of all formula specimens to decline in different degrees, with tensile strength and maximum bending deformation of SUF-pot specimens dropping most significantly. Using rice husk as the reinforcing agent (RH) in the wet cycle treatment resulted in the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and tensile strength of UF/RH to drop to 21.97%、 24.91%、 and 15.09%, while SUF/RH dropped 9.92%、 15.37%, and 30.10%, respectively. TGA analysis showed that the pyrolysis rate and mode of the straw flowerpot materials by wet cycle treatment had been slightly changed; namely materials mass loss rate was reduced and maximum thermal decomposition temperature increased. The SEM graphs of the composites fractured surface showed that the surface of the flowerpots treated by wet cycling had become rough. Some pieces of rice husk divorced from modified urea formaldehyde resin were clearly visible. Obviously, the interface between rice hull and SUF had become weak. This test showed that the straw flowerpots prepared with SUF resin were less stable than those prepared with UF resin, which implied that the former was liable to degrade. In regard to the production costs, the straw flowerpots are more than 10% lower than the plastic flowerpots. Substitution of plastic flowerpots with straw flowerpots would not only be beneficial in reducing white pollution from the use of plastic products, but also in promoting comprehensive utilization of the crop straw. Therefore, there will be an excellent market prospect of straw flowerpots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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