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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry / Zhongguo Wuji Fenxi Huaxue is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cotton is an important strategic material and one of our important economic crops. It plays an important role in our agricultural production, people's livelihood and secondary and tertiary industries. Cotton aphid is one of the major pests in the process of cotton growth and development. The lag and inaccuracy of aphid information will lead to the excessive application of pesticides, which will accelerate the destruction of cotton habitat and the pollution of cotton field environment. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to obtain the temporal and spatial distribution, hazard level and occurrence area of aphids in cotton fields in real time and accurately for the prevention and control of cotton aphid, cotton field management and farmland environmental protection. Remote sensing technology and machine vision technology speed up the acquisition of real-time and dynamic information and classification of aphids in cotton fields. This paper focused on "cotton aphid situation information monitoring", carried out literature review and combing at home and abroad, and described the research status and progress of traditional methods, remote sensing technology and image recognition on cotton aphid situation information. The problems in the monitoring of cotton aphid were discussed, and the research focus and development trend of the monitoring and diagnosis of cotton aphid damage information in the future were prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The adsorption and fluorescence spectra of the grown Nd∶GdYAG were measured. The spectral parameters, such as oscillator strength, line strength, intensity parameter Ωt, transition probability between 4 F3/2→4 IJ levels, radiation lifetime, and fluorescence branching ratio, were calculated with Judd-Ofelt theory. The calculated Ωt are Ω2 = (0.813 ±0.200) ×10-20 cm2, Ω4 = (3. 381 ±0. 187) × 10 -20 cm2, Ω6 = (5. 135 ± 0. 278) × 10 -20 cm2, respectively. Compared with Nd-doped YAG, LuAG, YVO4, and other crystals, Nd∶GdYAG crystal has a larger Ω2, showing that the addition of Gd3 + increases the disorder of the host. The absorption cross-section and refractive index in the range of 300 ~1 200 nm were calculated and fitted. The absorption cross-section at 808 nm is 5. 0 ×10 -20 cm2. The refractive index at 1 064 nm is 1. 80. The measured fluorescence lifetime of 4 F3/2 level is 228 μs, which is close to the calculated radiation lifetime of 240 μs. The emission cross-section at 1 064 nm is 1. 23 × 10 -19 cm2, which is close to that of Nd∶ YAG crystal. Addition, at room temperature, the thermal conductivity of Nd∶GdYAG crystal is 5. 992 W/(m·K), which is slightly smaller than that of Nd∶YAG and Nd∶GGG, but larger than that of Nd∶YVO4 crystal. The results show that Nd∶GdYAG is a promising new laser crystal material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was undertaken in order to evaluate the effects of different processing techniques, namely, enzyme-assisted cold-pressing, Soxhlet extraction and aqueous enzymatic extraction on the basic physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, fatty acid composition, spectral characteristics and volatile flavor substances of corn germ oil. The results showed that the acid value and peroxide value of corn germ oil obtained by enzyme-assisted cold pressing were higher than those obtained by the other methods. The hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of the oil obtained by enzyme-assisted cold pressing was the highest, and there was no significant difference in the contents of linoleic acid, linolenic acid or unsaturated fatty acids oil among the three oil samples. The full spectrum analysis showed that the highest content of linolenic acid (conjugated trienoic acid) was found in the oil obtained by aqueous enzymatic extraction. The composition and relative content of volatile compounds in corn germ oil varied significantly with the different production processes. In summary, the processing methods can affect the physicochemical properties, antioxidant properties and flavor substances of corn germ oil, which provides a theoretical reference for the utilization of corn processing by-products and the moderate processing of corn germ oil.

Copyright of Rolling Stock (1002-7602) is the property of Rolling Stock Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry / Zhongguo Wuji Fenxi Huaxue is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry / Zhongguo Wuji Fenxi Huaxue is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

SignificanceSoil stands as the fundamental pillar of agricultural production, with its quality being intrinsically linked to the efficiency and sustainability of farming practices. Historically, the intensive cultivation and soil erosion have led to a marked deterioration in some arable lands, characterized by a sharp decrease in soil organic matter, diminished fertility, and a decline in soil's structural integrity and ecological functions. In the strategic framework of safeguarding national food security and advancing the frontiers of smart and precision agriculture, the march towards agricultural modernization continues apace, intensifying the imperative for meticulous soil quality management. Consequently, there is an urgent need for the rrapid acquisition of soil's physical and chemical parameters. Interdisciplinary scholars have delved into soil monitoring research, achieving notable advancements that promise to revolutionize the way we understand and manage soil resource.ProgressUtilizing the the Web of Science platform, a comprehensive literature search was conducted on the topic of "soil," further refined with supplementary keywords such as "electrochemistry", "spectroscopy", "electromagnetic", "ground-penetrating radar", and "satellite". The resulting literature was screened, synthesized, and imported into the CiteSpace visualization tool. A keyword emergence map was yielded, which delineates the trajectory of research in soil physical and chemical parameter detection technology. Analysis of the keyword emergence map reveals a paradigm shift in the acquisition of soil physical and chemical parameters, transitioning from conventional indoor chemical and spectrometry analyses to outdoor, real-time detection methods. Notably, soil sensors integrated into drones and satellites have garnered considerable interest. Additionally, emerging monitoring technologies, including biosensing and terahertz spectroscopy, have made their mark in recent years. Drawing from this analysis, the prevailing technologies for soil physical and chemical parameter information acquisition in agricultural fields have been categorized and summarized. These include: 1. Rapid Laboratory Testing Techniques: Primarily hinged on electrochemical and spectrometry analysis, these methods offer the dual benefits of time and resource efficiency alongside high precision; 2. Rapid Near-Ground Sensing Techniques: Leveraging electromagnetic induction, ground-penetrating radar, and various spectral sensors (multispectral, hyperspectral, and thermal infrared), these techniques are characterized by their high detection accuracy and swift operation. 3. Satellite Remote Sensing Techniques: Employing direct inversion, indirect inversion, and combined analysis methods, these approaches are prized for their efficiency and extensive coverage. 4. Innovative Rapid Acquisition Technologies: Stemming from interdisciplinary research, these include biosensing, environmental magnetism, terahertz spectroscopy, and gamma spectroscopy, each offering novel avenues for soil parameter detection. An in-depth examination and synthesis of the principles, applications, merits, and limitations of each technology have been provided. Moreover, a forward-looking perspective on the future trajectory of soil physical and chemical parameter acquisition technology has been offered, taking into account current research trends and hotspots.Conclusions and Prospects]Current advancements in the technology for rapaid acquiring soil physical and chemical parameters in agricultural fields have been commendable, yet certain challenges persist. The development of near-ground monitoring sensors is constrained by cost, and their reliability, adaptability, and specialization require enhancement to effectively contend with the intricate and varied conditions of farmland environments. Additionally, remote sensing inversion techniques are confronted with existing limitations in data acquisition, processing, and application. To further develop the soil physical and chemical parameter acquisition technology and foster the evolution of smart agriculture, future research could beneficially delve into the following four areas: Designing portable, intelligent, and cost-effective near-ground soil information acquisition systems and equipment to facilitate rapid on-site soil information detection; Enhancing the performance of low-altitude soil information acquisition platforms and refine the methods for data interpretation to ensure more accurate insights; Integrating multifactorial considerations to construct robust satellite remote sensing inversion models, leveraging diverse and open cloud computing platforms for in-depth data analysis and mining; Engaging in thorough research on the fusion of multi-source data in the acquisition of soil physical and chemical parameter information, developing soil information sensing algorithms and models with strong generalizability and high reliability to achieve rapaid, precise, and intelligent acquisition of soil parameters.

In order to investigate the interaction between aloe emodin and α-glucosidase, enzyme kinetics, ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, infrared (IR) spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy were employed to investigate the inhibitory mechanism of aloe emodin on α-glucosidase and the synergistic effect of aloe emodin in combination with acarbose was also investigated in this study. The results showed that aloe emodin had better inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase as both a non-competitive and anti-competitive inhibitor when compared with acarbose. The results of UV spectroscopy indicated that a new complex was formed through the interaction between aloe emodin and α-glucosidase. The characteristic vibrations of amide groups in the IR spectra indicated that the structural conformation of α-glucosidase changed with the addition of aloe emodin. The results of fluorescence quenching experiments showed that the endogenous fluorescence of α-glucosidase was statically quenched by aloe emodin. In addition, it was also found that aloe emodin combined with acarbose had a synergistic inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity. This study provides an experimental basis for the future application of aloe emodin in health foods for regulating blood glucose.

[Significance] Soil stands as the fundamental pillar of agricultural production, with its quality being intrinsically linked to the efficiency and sustainability of farming practices. Historically, the intensive cultivation and soil erosion have led to a marked deterioration in some arable lands, characterized by a sharp decrease in soil organic matter, diminished fertility, and a decline in soil's structural integrity and ecological functions. In the strategic framework of safeguarding national food security and advancing the frontiers of smart and precision agriculture, the march towards agricultural modernization continues apace, intensifying the imperative for meticulous soil quality management. Consequently, there is an urgent need for the rapid acquisition of soil's physical and chemical parameters. Interdisciplinary scholars have delved into soil monitoring research, achieving notable advancements that promise to revolutionize the way we understand and manage soil resource. [Progress] Utilizing the the Web of Science platform, a comprehensive literature search was conducted on the topic of "soil," further refined with supplementary keywords such as "electrochemistry", "spectroscopy", "electromagnetic", "ground-penetrating radar", and "satellite". The resulting literature was screened, synthesized, and imported into the CiteSpace visualization tool. A keyword emergence map was yielded, which delineates the trajectory of research in soil physical and chemical parameter detection technology. Analysis of the keyword emergence map reveals a paradigm shift in the acquisition of soil physical and chemical parameters, transitioning from conventional indoor chemical and spectrometry analyses to outdoor, real-time detection methods. Notably, soil sensors integrated into drones and satellites have garnered considerable interest. Additionally, emerging monitoring technologies, including bio-sensing and terahertz spectroscopy, have made their mark in recent years. Drawing from this analysis, the prevailing technologies for soil physical and chemical parameter information acquisition in agricultural fields have been categorized and summarized. These include: 1. Rapid Laboratory Testing Techniques: Primarily hinged on electrochemical and spectrometry analysis, these methods offer the dual benefits of time and resource efficiency alongside high precision; 2. Rapid Near-Ground Sensing Techniques: Leveraging electromagnetic induction, ground-penetrating radar, and various spectral sensors (multispectral, hyperspectral, and thermal infrared), these techniques are characterized by their high detection accuracy and swift operation. 3. Satellite Remote Sensing Techniques: Employing direct inversion, indirect inversion, and combined analysis methods, these approaches are prized for their efficiency and extensive coverage. 4. Innovative Rapid Acquisition Technologies: Stemming from interdisciplinary research, these include biosensing, environmental magnetism, terahertz spectroscopy, and gamma spectroscopy, each offering novel avenues for soil parameter detection. An in-depth examination and synthesis of the principles, applications, merits, and limitations of each technology have been provided. Moreover, a forward-looking perspective on the future trajectory of soil physical and chemical parameter acquisition technology has been offered, taking into account current research trends and hotspots. [Conclusions and Prospects] Current advancements in the technology for rapaid acquiring soil physical and chemical parameters in agricultural fields have been commendable, yet certain challenges persist. The development of near-ground monitoring sensors is con‐ strained by cost, and their reliability, adaptability, and specialization require enhancement to effectively contend with the intricate and varied conditions of farmland environments. Additionally, remote sensing inversion techniques are confronted with existing limitations in data acquisition, processing, and application. To further develop the soil physical and chemical parameter acquisition technology and foster the evolution of smart agriculture, future research could beneficially delve into the following four areas: Designing portable, intelligent, and cost-effective near-ground soil information acquisition systems and equipment to facilitate rapid on-site soil information detection; Enhancing the performance of low-altitude soil information acquisition platforms and refine the methods for data interpretation to ensure more accurate insights; Integrating multifactorial considerations to construct robust satellite remote sensing in‐ version models, leveraging diverse and open cloud computing platforms for in-depth data analysis and mining; Engaging in thorough research on the fusion of multi-source data in the acquisition of soil physical and chemical parameter information, developing soil in‐ formation sensing algorithms and models with strong generalizability and high reliability to achieve rapaid, precise, and intelligent acquisition of soil parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Geodesy & Geodynamics (1671-5942) is the property of Editorial Board Journal of Geodesy & Geodynamics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica / Yanshi Kuangwuxue Zazhi is the property of Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using Carex tristachya as the research object, the spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in moss were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy. The effect of DOM of Carex tristachya on soil adsorption of Cu2+ was studied through isothermal adsorption equilibrium experiments and adsorption kinetics experiments, and the changes in composition before and after the reaction between DOM of Carex tristachya and Cu2+ were analyzed. Research showed that the DOM of Carex tristachya had functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl, and methyl, and was composed of four components: fulvic acid, fulvic acid like, humic acid like, and tryptophan like, with humic acid with relatively high molecular weight being the main component. Added DOM of Carex tristachya could reduce the maximum adsorption capacity, adsorption equilibrium rate, and adsorption affinity of Cu2+ in the soil. The ultraviolet region like fulvic acid and humic acid like substances in the DOM of Carex tristachya could form a complex with Cu2+ through functional groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. After the reaction, the number of unsaturated conjugated double bond structures, humification level, and the content of carbonyl, carboxyl, hydroxyl, and ester in the substituents on the aromatic ring of DOM of Carex tristachya significantly decreased. The research results provide basic data for the composition and structure of DOM of Carex tristachya, and provide scientific basis for resolving disputes over the impact of DOM on heavy metal activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Southeast University / Dongnan Daxue Xuebao is the property of Journal of Southeast University Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to clarify the spectral characteristics of rare earth alloy materials detected by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology, a rapid detection method based on LIBS is further developed to promote its application in the field of rare earth. In this paper, the excitation spectrum of GdFe alloy material with laser induced breakdown spectrometer, combined with signal intensity and background noise, was studied and the optimum parameters were determined. The influence of the parameters of laser and spectrometer on the spectrum was investigated, and the LIBS detection method of GdFe alloy was discussed according to the trend of the relevant spectral lines in the excitation spectrum. It was found that the distance(Z value) between GdFe alloy sample and laser aperture, laser energy and integration time were the key parameters affecting the signal intensity and background noise of LIBS spectrum. Because the surface of metal and alloy samples was often covered with oxide layer, the influence of pre-denudation times of pulsed laser on spectral stability was also discussed. It was concluded that under the excitation of double pulses of 164 mj laser energy, the spectral effect was guaranteed by pre-denudation once. The effect of simultaneous excitation and delayed excitation of two lasers on the origin of GdFe alloy spectra was also explored. It was found that the signal intensity of the spectra obtained from the simultaneous excitation of single pulse and double pulse was not the cumulative signal of the two pulses. Through spectral analysis, it was determined that the Z-value was 0.8 mm, the pulse energy of the two lasers was 164 mJ, the integration time was 12 µs, and the pulse delay time was 0 µs. Under these conditions, the spectral effect of GdFe alloy was the best. This study can provide reference for the establishment of LIBS detection methods for GdFe alloy materials, expand the application of LIBS technology in the field of rare earth, and provide basic research data for the development of rapid detection technology for rare earth alloy products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Spectral analysis is to analyze and study various spectra of potential anomalies with wave-number as the independent variable, to solve the problems of anomaly conversion, filtering and forward and inverse analysis in practical work. The spectral characteristics of the potential,which include the spatial distribution, lithology and tectonic characteristics of the subsurface stratum, help the interpretation and analysis of geophysical data and provide information for further understanding of the study area. The amplitude spectrum of the potential anomaly spectrum is directly related to the burial depth, width of the subsurface geological body; the phase spectrum reflects the information of the horizontal position and dip angle of the subsurface geological body. However, in previous studies, most of the researchers’ work had been focused on making use of the characteristics of fast calculation of the bitfield data in the frequency domain, doing a lot of forward work as well as applying the relationship between the spectrum and the parameters of the geologic body for inversion, but the analysis of the spectral characteristics of different geologic bodies and the specific effects of the geologic body parameters on the spectrum have been less studied. On the other hand, there are few studies on the joint inversion using different spectra in the frequency domain inversion. Methods: In order to better carry out the study of gravity anomaly in the frequency domain, using the characteristics of simple, solvable and easy to program and fast computation of the expression for the positive inversion of gravity anomaly in the frequency domain, the spectral curves of various models are calculated, and the characteristics of the spectral curves, and detailed effects of model parameter changes on the spectral curves are analyzed too. It also includes how to interpret the amplitude spectral inversion and phase spectral inversion, and proposes a joint inversion method in the frequency domain to accurately invert the geometric parameters of the models. Results: The gravitational anomaly spectrum of a horizontal cylinder, which is of the periodic fluctuation type with monotonically decreasing amplitude spectrum and its phase spectrum is a straight line with a negative slope; the gravity anomaly spectrum of the tilted thin plate is periodically fluctuating, with monotonically decreasing amplitude spectrum and fluctuating phase spectrum; the gravity anomaly spectrum of the tilted thick plate is periodically fluctuating with fluctuating amplitude spectrum and fluctuating and progressive phase spectrum. By analyzing the influence of different parameter changes of the thick plate on the model spectrum, the trend of the subsurface geological body is judged according to the spectrum changes. The amplitude spectrum can determine the burial depth of the model, and the change of its first zero value point position is determined in the horizontal direction of the model, and the phase spectrum is directly related to the model parameters. Conclusions: The joint inversion in frequency domain is an effective method to combine the advantages of amplitude spectrum inversion and phase spectrum inversion to accurately calculate the geometric parameters of the model. The method was applied to the inversion of the target stratigraphy in the Wuqing Sag, and the precise depth and width of the target substratum in the two measured sections were obtained, providing a basis for further seismic studies in the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering is the property of Chongqing University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tunnel Construction / Suidao Jianshe (Zhong-Yingwen Ban) is the property of Tunnel Construction Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The series of HY-2 satellites have accumulated a large amount of data, and the improvement of the resolution of the along orbit geoid of altimetry data is closely related to the refinement of the ocean gravity field model. This paper utilizes self-spectrum analysis, cross spectrum analysis, and coherence function calculation to estimate along orbit geoid resolution of satellite altimetry data. Spatially similar trajectory sequences of HY-2B and SARAL/AltiKa, as well as HY-2C and Jason-2, were selected to carry out the experiment. The results show that the average resolution of HY-2C is 19.15 km, slightly better than HY-2B and Jason-2, but slightly lower than the SARAL/AlitKa Ka-band altimetry data with higher pulse repetition frequency. In addition, the repeated period collinear processing can significantly improve the resolution of along-track geoid by effectively suppressing noise. Under the condition of 5, 10 and 20 periods collinear processing, the resolution of HY-2B along orbit is improved by 19.26%, 38.56% and 46.69%, respectively. Therefore, when HY-2A, CryoSat-2 and other altimetry missions provide the observation sequence of geodetic missions with multi-period and repeated observations, the necessary collinear processing will bring more efficient data fusion for the refinement of marine gravity field model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Image rotation makes fake images more realistic in geometric perspective, and the performance of existing JPEG image rotation angle estimation algorithms is easily disturbed by block artifacts and the image block size. It remains an imminent and challenging work for the rotation angle interval [1°,15°]. This study presents an effective algorithm to estimate the rotation angle of JPEG images based on block artifact spectral analysis. Firstly, the edges of the image are extracted and removed using a variant colony algorithm to highlight block effects. Secondly, the effect of image texture is further mitigated by cross-differentiation. Thirdly, extraneous peaks are removed in the Fourier transform domain by setting reasonable thresholds and using a Gaussian high-pass filter to reduce interference. Finally, the amplitude component of the Fourier spectrum is projected into the polar coordinates, and the polar angle corresponding to the peak in the polar coordinates is the estimation of rotation angle we need. The experimental results show that the average absolute error of the method is lower than that of the existing methods for the detection of small-size JPEG images whose rotation angle lies within the [1°,15°] interval. Besides, when the compression quality factor is gradually reduced, the performance of the proposed method is still better than the existing methods, and the robustness of the proposed method to JPEG compression is better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A kind of functional luminescent small molecule probe (RCAIM) was designed and synthesized by using rhodamine B hydrazide as the fluorophore and cyanuric chloride and isophorone as raw materials to modify the main fluorophore. The probe could specifically recognize Cu2+ in ethanol and aqueous solution (v/v=95∶5). When the probe was binded with Cu2+ to form a complex, the color of the solution changed from yellow to red. The results showed that the probe formed a complex with Cu2+ in the form of 1:2 when Cu2+ is added to the probe solution, and the complex showed strong specific absorption at the wavelength of 555 nm. Meanwhile, the study showed that the probe had good specificity, selectivity and anti-interference ability for Cu2+ detection. At the same time, the detection limit of Cu2+ by the probe was 0.9×10-6 mol/L, indicating it had high sensitivity. And the probe could also be used to detect Cu2+ in lake water and tap water samples with high accuracy and reliability. The probe was also prepared into a portable test strip to detect Cu2+ conveniently and quickly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optical filters are widely used in many applications, including optical communication, spectroscopy, electronics and optical sensors. The Microwave Photonic Filter (MPF) based on Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) effect not only has the advantages of low threshold and high gain, but also has the characteristics of reconfiguration and tunability. In this paper, we apply MPF to spectral analysis. Using the tunability of the filter, the spectrum of the whole signal can be measured. And the different frequency components of the signal can be extracted by time-sharing. By setting the center frequency of the swept laser in the pump branch of the filter, the output power of the filter is measured by the optical spectrum analyzer after SBS effect generating by the pump excitation, so as to analyze the spectrum of the signal light. The results show that with the increase of pump power, the filter gain and Out of Band Rejection Ratio (OOBR) first increase and then decrease. The inflection point is about 5 dBm and the dynamic range of the filter is from -35 to -20 dBm.

Copyright of Journal of Tiangong University is the property of Journal of Tianjin Polytechnic University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences is the property of Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ObjectiveIn order to improve the calculation accuracy of the influence of slamming load on ship fatigue damage, and evaluate ship fatigue life more effectively, a direct calculation method of ship fatigue damage which accounts for slamming load is proposed. MethodsFirst, the time domain calculation of nonlinear load is combined with the spectral analysis method of linear frequency domain, and the stress time history of the ship in a short-term sea state is obtained based on beam theory. Second, the damage of the check points is calculated using the rain flow counting method and S-N curve, the contribution and influence coefficients of nonlinear slamming load on fatigue damage are calculated with reference to the CCS guidelines, and the corresponding stress response transfer function is corrected by combining the spectral analysis method. Finally, the stress spectrum is calculated and fatigue damage accounting for nonlinear slamming is obtained. ResultsThe results show that compared with traditional spectral analysis method, it is found that the ship fatigue damage obtained by the direct calculation method accounting for slamming load is about 10%–50%. ConclusionThe proposed method can improve the accuracy of load calculation when evaluating the fatigue strength of ships sailing in harsh sea states.

Copyright of Bearing is the property of Bearing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To solve the problem that the existing residual current protection device was difficult to identify electric shock accidents, a new method of electric shock identification based on wavelet high-frequency distribution characteristics and probabilistic neural network (PNN） was proposed. The S-transform was used to analyze the spectral characteristics of the residual current signal including the moment of electric shock, which was found that the high-frequency component of the residual current signal at the time of electric shock had sudden change in amplitude. The wavelet high-frequency distribution of each layer was extracted through the multi-scale frequency window provided by the wavelet multi-resolution analysis. To describe the electric shock accident, the normalized processing of each layer of wavelet high-frequency distribution mutations was used to accumulate and quantify the high-frequency characteristics of the first 5 layers of the residual current signal. Taking full account of the randomness of the time of electric shock accidents, the extracted wavelet features were divided into categories. A PNN-based electric shock accident recognition model was constructed, and the network smoothing parameters in the defined domain were optimized according to the specified step. The mean clustering method was also used to optimize the network structure. The results show that there is significantly sudden change in the amplitude of the residual current signal above 500 Hz at the time of electric shock. After normalization, the cumulative sum of the amplitude mutations of the wavelet high-frequency distribution of each layer can well describe the amplitude sudden increase in the corresponding stage of the wavelet high-frequency distribution of each layer. The optimal smoothing parameter interval of the established PNN network model is from 0.15 to 0.29, and the best corresponding identification rate of electric shock accidents is 95.5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to select the optimal extractant, the effects of different extractants on the yield, purity and structure of humic acid extracted from lignite were studied, and the influence mechanism o£ extractant on humic acid extracting from lignite was analyzed・ With Baiyinhua lignite used as raw material, humic acid was extracted by alkali・ extraction and acid・ precipitation method with different extractants, such as 5% NaOH, KOH, LiOH, Na4P2O7・ In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectrum and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum were used to characterize the structure of humic acid・ The results shows that the different extractants have a significant effect on the structure of humic acids・ The highest yield and purity of humic acid were obtained by LiOH and KOH, respectively・ The highest yield of humic acid is 27.28% by lithium hydroxide・ With the purity of 48. 72% obtained by LiOH, it was 92. 80% of humic acid extracted by KOH. There is little effect on the type of humic acid functional groups by different extractants, but a significant effect on the number of functional groups・ The humic acid extracted by NaOH has a larger molecular weight and a longer carbon chain; the humic acid extracted by KOH has a smaller molecular and contains more C一0 and carbonyl groups; humic acid extracted by LiOH has more methyl, methylene and methoxy groups Jess hydroxyl groups and a shorter molecular chain・ In addition, there are more hydroxyl, amino, methyl and carbon-carbon double bonds in humic acid extracted by Na4P2O7, and no phenolic hydroxyl in humic acid extracted by 1 让hium hydroxide and sodium pyrophosphate・ The results show that the extractants have a significant influence on the yield, purity and structure of lignite humic acid, and LiOH is the best extractants for humic acid from lignite between NaOH, KOH, LiOH, Na4P2O7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology / Zhongguo Shipin Xuebao is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The spores of foodborne pathogens are hardly eradicated in the food industry, due to the extreme resistance. The potential risks to food safety have been from the serious foodborne diseases upon germinating and infecting. Taking three common pathogenic C.perfringens, C.difficile, and C. sporogenes spores as the research objects, rapid identification was proposed using Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). A comparison was made on the enhancing ability of three noble-metal colloids substrate of AuNPs, AgNPs, and Au@AgNPs. An optimal SERS substrate material was then achieved to rapidly identify the fingerprints of foodborne spores. Three noble metal nanoparticle colloids SERS substrates were fabricated via hydrothermal reduction. The irregular spherical structure was obtained with an average size of 82.26 nm AuNPs, 49.83 nm AgNPs, and 57.85 nm Au@AgNPs. Notably, the structure of Au core and Ag shell indicated the successful preparation of Au@AgNPs. The uniform AgNPs and Au@AgNPs with the nano-scale distribution were superior to the AuNPs. Particularly, the homogeneous nanostructure provided a solid foundation for excellent SERS performance and signal reproducibility. The nanoparticle morphologies were characterized by a field-emission scanning electron microscope. The prominent characteristic peaks were selected in the spectra of spores for further analysis of enhancement performance. Among them, the Ca2+-DPA was known as the biomarker for the inner core of spores. The results showed that the optimal SERS performance of Au@AgNPs was achieved to detect the foodborne pathogenic spores with an analytical enhancement factor (AEF) of 3.49×104, indicating excellent spectroscopic specificity and signal reproducibility. According to the Raman shift and characteristic peaks, the characteristic peaks of Ca2+-DPA around 1 017, 1 440, and 1 570 cm-1 were the common specific peaks but with different intensities. Specifically, the C. perfringens spores presented the specific characteristic peaks at around 740, 787, 821, 1 203, 1 308, and 1 627 cm-1, whereas, the specific characteristic peaks at 852 cm-1 were found in the C. sporogenes spores. The intensities of characteristic peaks at 1 017 cm-1(Ca2+-DPA), and 1 081 cm-1 (DNA, O-P-O) were ranked in the order of the C. perfringens>C. sporogenes>C. difficile spores. However, the intensity at around 1332 cm-1 (adenine nucleic acid in nucleic acid) and 1 440 cm-1 (Ca2+-DPA) of C. difficile spores was stronger than that of C. sporogenes spores, but lower than that of C. perfringens spores, indicating the remarkable differences of Raman shifts and intensity in SERS spectra of three spores. A qualitative identification and discrimination model was established to combine the SERS spectra of three spores with the multivariate statistical analysis (PCA and LDA). The PCA demonstrated that the accumulated variance contribution rate for the top three principal components was up to 92.90%, and the recognition rate of LDA analysis reached 100%, fully meeting the specificity and sensitivity. The SERS performances of three noble-metal nanoparticles substrates were utilized to analyze the fingerprints spectra of three spores using SERS and multivariate statistical analysis. A rapid and accurate performance was achieved in the classification and identification of the different strains, indicating the favorable purpose of detection. An effective and reliable risk detection can be expected to serve as the food safety control and rapid identification of microorganisms as a bio-sensor platform. The finding can provide a strong reference for safety control in the subsequent food processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveThis study evaluates the fatigue strength of an aluminum alloy trimaran in a corrosive environment.MethodTaking a 120 m aluminum alloy trimaran as an example, the direct calculation method/spectral analysis method is used to calculate its fatigue life based on Miner's linear cumulative damage theory. At the same time, four types of corrosion model are established to compare the hot spot fatigue strength calculation results under different corrosion models and explore the effects of corrosion on the fatigue life of the trimaran.Results The results show that the new corrosion model is closer to the actual corrosion process. The effects of different corrosion models on the hot spots of the aluminum alloy trimaran are related to corrosion years, and the fatigue strength of the connection between the cross-deck and the main and side bodies is strong.ConclusionThe results of this study have reference significance for the fatigue assessment of trimarans in corrosive environments.

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power / Reneng Dongli Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry / Zhongguo Wuji Fenxi Huaxue is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ballistics / Dandao Xuebao is the property of Journal of Ballistics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica is the property of Acta Sedimentologica Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bearing is the property of Bearing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Sciencepaper is the property of China Sciencepaper and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In view of the problems such as excessive vibration of unit in the second phase of Yonghu Pumping station, strong vibration of local structure of workshop and serious wear of pump port ring, we carried out on-site inspection. Through the analysis and study of the field test results, the paper draws the conclusion that the high vibration of the unit is caused by the rapid shrinkage of the inlet taper pipe of the water pump, the strong vibration of the local structure is caused by the resonance caused by its natural vibration frequency consistent with the pump blade frequency, and the severe wear of the pump port ring is caused by the improper use of materials. According to the conclusion, the strong vibration of the pump station building disappears, the excessive vibration of the unit and the wear of the mouth ring are improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry / Zhongguo Wuji Fenxi Huaxue is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tricholoma matsutake (TMWEIF) Singer is one of the most valuable mushrooms, particularly famous for its delicacy in the world. An excellent source of nutrients can be rich in proteins, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, dietary fibers, but low in fat. TMWEIF also shares the outstanding properties of anti-tumor, lowering cholesterol, antioxidant, and strengthening the immune system. High-temperature water extraction has been usually applied to extract the immunity active compounds at present. However, these immunity active compounds indeed are prone to be destroyed by high temperatures. In this study, the low-temperature (≤30 °C) water extraction of immunity active factors was performed on the TMWEIF from Changbai Mountain, China, using the response surface method (RSM) under the Box-Behnken center combination design by the Design Expert 10.0 software. The structure and amino acid compositions of the TMWEIF were further characterized by an automatic amino acid analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), circular dichroism spectrum (CD), and ultraviolet spectrum (UV). A single factor experiment were conducted at the liquid-solid ratios (10:1, 20:1, 30:1, 40:1, and 50:1 mL/g), extraction time (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min), and extraction temperature (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C). An optimum extract condition was determined for the TMWEIF by RSM, where the NO emission by RAW264.7 macrophages, and the protein yield of extract were taken as the indicators. The results showed that the optimal extraction parameters for the protein yield were the liquid-solid ratio of 45:1 mL/g, extraction time of 140 min, and extraction temperature of 20 °C, where the extract was named TMWEIF-1. Moreover, the optimal extraction parameters for the NO release amount were the liquid-solid ratio of 30:1 mL/g, extraction time of 120 min, and extraction temperature of 20 °C, where the extract was named TMWEIF-2. The extraction parameters for the TMWEIF-2 presented a lower liquid-solid ratio and shorter extraction time than before, indicating an improved production efficiency. The protein yield and NO release amount were 8.07%, 3.68 μg/mL, and 7.06%, 4.11 μg/mL, respectively, for the TMWEIF-1 and TMWEIF-2 under the optimal conditions. There were significant differences (P<0.05) between the TMWEIF-1 and TMWEIF-2 in the protein yield and NO release amount. The measurements were well matched with the predicated values from the models, indicating that the regression equations and models were reliable to predict the influences of factors on the protein yield and NO release amount of the extract. The FT-IR analysis showed that the TMWEIF-1 and TMWEIF-2 exhibited the typical absorption peaks of protein and polysaccharide within the wave number of 4000-500 cm-1. The FT-IR and UV analysis showed that the structures of TMWEIF-1 and TMWEIF-2 were similar, and the main components were protein and polysaccharide. The CD analysis revealed that the secondary structures of protein in the TMWEIF-1 and TMWEIF-2 were mainly α-helix and β-turn, where the higher content of α-helix was observed in the TMWEIF-1, and a larger amount of β-turn in the TMWEIF-2. The polysaccharide contents in the TMWEIF-1 and TMWEIF-2 were 306.95 and 304.98 mg/g, respectively, and the protein contents were 132.14 and 107.78 mg/g, respectively. The polysaccharide was also mainly glucan with α-glucoside, according to the content determination. The amino acids analysis showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the contents of amino acids in the TMWEIF-1 and TMWEIF-2, where the essential amino acids accounted for 27 %. Both TMWEIF-1 and TMWEIF-2 contained 17 kinds of amino acids rich in glutamate (Glu) and aspartic acid (Asp), but the relative content of Glu of TMWEIF-2 was slightly higher. Besides, there was a higher mean percentage of hydrophobic amino acids and basic amino acids related to the immune activity in the TMWEIF-2 than that in the TMWEIF-1. Consistently, the NO release induced by the TMWEIF-2 was significantly higher than that by the TMWEIF-1. Consequently, the TMWEIF-2 and the extraction parameters are expected to serve as the better industrial application prospect, in terms of extraction efficiency and immune activity. The finding can provide a scientific basis for the further development and utilization of immunity active factors in the wild matsutake functional foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Computer Measurement & Control is the property of Magazine Agency of Computer Measurement & Control and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)