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Strabismus, misalignment of the eyes arising from central nervous system dysregulation and extraocular muscles imbalance, commonly manifests in childhood, leading to amblyopia, binocular vision dysfunction, torticollis and other developmental and psychological disorders. This exerts a negative impact on individuals, families and society. Timely diagnosis and intervention are crucial to prevent permanent damage to vision and stereopsis. Presently, strabismus diagnosis is reliant on the ophthalmologists′ evaluations which results in a lack of efficiency and coverage. However, routine school screening proves inadequate in assessing strabismus degree with low accuracy. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency of strabismus screening is an issue of great importance. This paper delves into the present landscape of strabismus diagnosis and treatment, considering both local and global research advancements. It focuses on the evolution of artificial intelligence technology, illuminating the utilization of artificial intelligence models and algorithms in strabismus. By pinpointing and exploring their strengths and limitations, it offers valuable insights, paving the way for future investigations into artificial intelligence-assisted strabismus diagnosis and treatment.

Background As population ageing accelerates and life expectancy increases, multimorbidity and disability pose challenges to health and social care systems worldwide. Although multimorbidity is closely related to disability, there is still a lack of research on the impact of multimorbidity on disability in rural middle-aged and elderly people. Objective To evaluate the influence of multimorbidity on disability in rural middle-aged and elderly people using the propensity-score matching (PSM) , providing a reference for formulating strategies for the management of multimorbidity and disability in this population. Methods The data of 11 088 rural middle-aged and elderly people (≥45 years old) were collected from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in March 2022, including demographics, chronic disease prevalence, and disability measured by activities of daily living (ADLs) , and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) . Participants were divided into multimorbidity and non-multimorbidity groups by the prevalence of multimorbidity (defined as having ≥2 chronic conditions) , and then matched using PSM with a 1∶1 ratio. Conditional Logistic regression model for paired binary data was used to assess the impact of multimorbidity on ADL disability and IADL disability. Results Of 11 088 ural middle-aged and elderly people with chronic diseases, 2 711 (24.45%) had ADL disability, 4 216 (38.02%) had IADL disability, and 7 673 (69.20%) were multimorbidity patients. The prevalence of ADL disability or IADL disability differed significantly by gender, age, marital status, education level, sleep duration, smoking, drinking, disability status, participation in social activities, and prevalence of multimorbidity (P

The experiment aimed to explore the effects of whole-plant millet on the semen quality, serum reproductive hormones, antioxidant capacity, and immune function of male rabbits. Thirty-six adult Ira bucks were randomly divided into six groups, with six replicates per group, and housed individually. The control group and groups I to V were fed diets with 0, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% whole-plant millet, respectively, as an equivalent replacement for alfalfa meal. The preliminary trial lasted for seven days, and the formal experiment lasted for 90 days. The results showed that as the experimental time extended, the sperm deformity rate in each group showed a downward trend. Compared with the 30th day, the sperm motility and sperm density of each group were significantly increased on the 60th and 90th days (P<0.05). At the 60th and 90th days, compared with groups IV and V, the sperm motility and sperm density in the control group and groups I to III were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with groups IV and V, the content of testosterone (TESTO) in groups II and III was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in groups IV and V was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the content of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in groups III to V was significantly increased (P<0.05). The study indicates that whole-plant millet has a positive regulatory effect on the semen quality, serum reproductive hormones, antioxidant capacity, and immune function of male rabbits. Considering the comprehensive production performance and economic benefits, it is best to use whole-plant millet straw as a substitute at a level of 15%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of Chinese herbal additives on the growth performance, serum biochemical indicators, and diarrhea condition of lactating lambs, in order to screen for the appropriate addition level. A total of 48 healthy male lactating lambs with an aged 23 days and a body weight of (6.59±0.03) kg were selected and divided into four groups using a single-factor randomized block design, with three replicates per group and four lambs per replicate. The control group was fed with a basic concentrate, while the experimental groups were fed with concentrate feed containing 0.1% (group 1), 0.3% (group 2), and 0.5% (group 3) Chinese herbal additives, respectively. The trial period was 37 days, with a preliminary trial period of 7 days and a formal trial period of 30 days. The results indicated that compared to the control group, group 1, and group 2, the weight of lambs in the group 3 was extremely increased at 45 and 60 days of age (P<0.01), and the average daily weight gain was extremely increased from 30 to 60 days of age (P<0.01). Compared to the control group, the weight of lambs in the group 2 was extremely increased at 60 days of age (P<0.01), and the feed-to-gain ratio was extremely decreased for the groups 2 and 3 from 30 to 60 days of age (P<0.01). Compared to the control group, the levels of serum glucose (GLU), insulin (INS), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and total protein (TP) in lambs from the group 3 were extremely increased (P<0.01), the albumin (ALB) content was significantly increased (P<0.05), glucagon (PG) content was extremely decreased (P<0.01), and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) content was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The TP content in lambs from the group 2 was significantly increased (P<0.05). The levels of β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in lambs from the groups 2 and 3 were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and uric acid (UA) content was extremely decreased (P<0.01). Compared to the control group, the diarrhea rate was extremely decreased (P<0.01), and the recovery rate was extremely increased (P<0.01), with a significant decrease in recovery time (P<0.01) for lambs in the groups 2 and 3. Studies show that the addition of Chinese herbal additives to lactating lamb concentrate can improve the growth performance of lambs, enhance the metabolism synthesis of nutrients, prevent and control the occurrence of diarrhea and accelerate the recovery of diarrhea in lambs, and the addition amount of 0.5% is the best effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fourth edition of the latest classification of endocrine tumors has published by World Health Organization (WHO) in 2017, in which the theoretical basis of classification has been updated. With the discovery of specific transcription factors, the classification of pituitary adenomas which could not be diagnosed definitively and confused easily, whose prognosis is impossible to determine, has been defined. In this paper, the classification, diagnosis and prognosis of each pituitary adenoma were discussed according to the latest classification, and the corresponding disease codes were summarized based on International Classification of Disease⁃10 (ICD⁃10) and ICD⁃O.

Disorders of lipid metabolism are closely related to the metabolic diseases such as obesity. Autophagy is the main process of host cells to clear and degrade cellular contents. Different autophagy types play different roles in processing lipids and interact with traditional lipase-mediated lipolysis pathways. Autophagy also plays an important role in regulating adipocyte differentiation. Mitophagy is a form of selective autophagy that can regulate the differentiation of adipocytes and maintain the balance of beige adipocytes, which can provide new ideas of targeted therapy to the prevention of obesity and other metabolic diseases.

Neurogenic supine hypertensive (NSH) is one of the types of autonomic nervous function failure, often occurs in neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (NOH) patients. The exact pathogenesis is unknown and may be related to the dysfunction of the stress ⁃ reflex buffering function. NSH lacks specificity. The current diagnostic criteria are systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg measured after at least 5 min of supine rest in diagnosed NOH patients. Patients with elevated blood pressure at night or during sleep should consider the possibility of NSH. Treatment requires both NOH and NSH, and there is currently a lack of effective drugs to treat NSH. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.11.014

The spherical and dense alumina nanoparticles were used to prepare alumina microcrystalline ceramics. The effect of granulation and sintering parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the ceramics was studied. The results show that fine green body can be obtained with the addition of 0.8% (mass fraction) PVA, and the density of green body can also be improved. With the increase of sintering temperature from 1400℃ to 1550℃, the density is increased from 74.1% to 97.5%, while the grain size of the ceramics is only increased gradually from 0.6 μm to 1.4 μm owing to the stable spherical shape and the uniformly packed pores. With the increase of holding time from 30 min to 120 min at 1550℃, the porosity is decreased from 4.8% to 0.4%, and the grain size is then increased from 1.2 μm to 2.7 μm. Besides, the sintering activation energy of the employed spheres is 788 kJ/mol, which proves that the particles are inactive during earlier and medium stage of sintering, and the spheres are benefit to obtain microcrystalline ceramics. The ceramic sintered at 1550℃ for 90 min has a density of 98.9%, an average grain size of 1.6 μm, a hardness of 26.4 GPa and a bending strength of 574 MPa.

The spherical and dense alumina nanoparticles were used to prepare alumina microcrystalline ceramics. The effect of granulation and sintering parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the ceramics was studied. The results show that fine green body can be obtained with the addition of 0.8% (mass fraction) PVA, and the density of green body can also be improved. With the increase of sintering temperature from 1400℃ to 1550℃, the density is increased from 74.1% to 97.5%, while the grain size of the ceramics is only increased gradually from 0.6 μm to 1.4 μm owing to the stable spherical shape and the uniformly packed pores. With the increase of holding time from 30 min to 120 min at 1550℃, the porosity is decreased from 4.8% to 0.4%, and the grain size is then increased from 1.2 μm to 2.7 μm. Besides, the sintering activation energy of the employed spheres is 788 kJ/mol, which proves that the particles are inactive during earlier and medium stage of sintering, and the spheres are benefit to obtain microcrystalline ceramics. The ceramic sintered at 1550℃ for 90 min has a density of 98.9%, an average grain size of 1.6 μm, a hardness of 26.4 GPa and a bending strength of 574 MPa.

The study aimed to investigate the effects of 'Zhang Za Gu' on the semen quality and serum biochemical indexes in male breeder rabbits. Thirty-six healthy adult Iraqi male rabbits with good sexual desire were randomly divided into six groups, with six replicates in each group and one breeder rabbits in each replicate. Rabbits in each group were fed diets containing 0, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% 'Zhang Za Gu', respectively. The pretrial period was seven days, and the pretrial period was 90 days. The results showed that, compared to day 30, sperm motility and sperm density of the experimental groups increased on the 60th day and the 90 th day ( P<0.05), while semen volume and sperm abnormality rate showed no significant changes ( P>0.05). Different levels of 'Zhang Za Gu' had no significant impact on the serum biochemical indices of male breeder rabbits ( P>0.05). The study indicates that considering factors such as feed cost and semen quality, the optimal effect is observed when 'Zhang Za Gu' appending proportion is 10%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the characteristics of sleep architecture and sleep - disordered breathing (SDB) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using polysomnography (PSG). Methods A total of 36 patients with ALS were recruited in this study. According to symptoms of medulla oblongata, the patients were divided into limb involvement group (N = 14) and bulbar palsy group (N = 22). Detailed record of the patients was made including general information and chief complaints of sleep dysfunction and SDB, which covered sleep initiation and maintenance disorders, arousals, difficulty in breathing and snoring, nocturnal polyuria, restless legs syndrome (RLS) and muscle soreness. Appel Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (AALS) Scores were used to assess bulbar function, breathing function,myodynamia and limbs function. PSG was performed to monitor EEG, EOG, EMG, ECG, position, snore, gas flow of mouth and nose, chest breathing, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and sleep-related parameters including total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE), sleep latency (SL), awakening times, percentage of different non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapial eye movement (REM), and apnea hypopnea index (AHI). Pearson correlation analysis evaluated the relationship between AHI of REM, periodic limb movements (PLM) and clinical information, AALS Scores. Results Bulbar palsy group had higher scores in AALS Scores (P = 0.007), bulbar function (P = 0.000) and breathing function (P = 0.000), and lower score in upper limb myodynamia (P = 0.016) than limb involvement group. Both 2 groups showed disturbed sleep architecture in the performance of sleep fragmentation. Bulbar palsy group had more awakening times (P = 0.027), lower percentage of REM sleep (P = 0.009) and less PLM (P = 0.020) than limb involvement group. The main respiratory event of 2 groups was hypopnea. Bulbar palsy group had higher AHI (P = 0.038) and AHI of REM and NREM (P = 0.031, 0.049) than limb involvement group. Pearson correlation analysis showed that AHI of REM was positively correlated with duration (r = 0.654, P = 0.028), AALS total score (r = 0.458, P = 0.034), bulbar function score (r = 0.572, P = 0.030) and breathing function (r = 0.756, P = 0.002). PLM was also positively correlated with duration (r = 0.574, P = 0.030), AALS total score (r = 0.321, P = 0.042), upper limb function (r = 0.656, P = 0.028) and lower limb function (r = 0.754, P = 0.015). Conclusions Patients with ALS have many types of sleep disorders including insomnia, SDB and periodic limb movements disorder (PLMD). PSG can monitor respiratory event thus providing clinical evidence for the non-invasive ventilation intervention. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.10.007

In recent years, Chinese scholars have made some progress in the field of restless legs syndrome (RLS), including epidemiological investigation of prevalence of RLS in some areas of China, the pathogenesis, comorbidities research, drug therapy and non ? drug therapy of RLS, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, etc. This has laid a solid foundation for understanding and treating the disease in a better way, and also makes some contributions to RLS research for our country. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.09.003

Sleep - related rhythmic movement disorder (RMD) is characterized by repetitive,stereotyped and rhythmic motor behaviors (not tremors) that occur predominantly during drowsiness or sleep and involve large muscle groups. The onset of RMD is typically in early childhood, rarely continue into adolescence and adulthood. This paper retrospectively analyzed the diagnosis and treatment in a case of adult-onset RMD. A 76 -year-old male mainly presented rhythmic forehead banging during sleep. The number of forehead banging ranged from dozens to tens of seconds, pause seconds after the second attack, lasting 1 to 2 h and can not be recalled after waking up. Polysomnography (PSG) showed sleep efficiency decreased, awakening time prolonged, times of wakefulness increased, sleep structure disordered, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) 1 and 2 sleep increased, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep decreased, sleep latency of REM prolonged. Apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was 8.40. Several abnormal behavior attacks were observed, each attack lasting 3 to 18 s, 0.60 to 1.20 Hz, total time lasting 6 min. The diagnosis was RMD, clonazepam 0.50 mg/night and pramipexole 0.0625 mg/night were given and the result of 33 months follow-up showed effective. By literature review, we know the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of RMD. We also analyze the reasons of misdiagnosis for reducing diagnostic errors and mistreatments. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.09.008

Available alumina and active silicon in gibbsite bauxite are important indicators for the quality of bauxite. These two components are commonly determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). In this method, available alumina in solution after digestion is determined first and active silicon is then determined after acid dissolution of the residue. However, because the solution is not easy to determine, and the residue cannot be digested completely, the results have poor reproducibility. By heating and acidifying the solution and taking Co as the internal standard, the conventional method can be improved upon. Active alumina and active silicon were simultaneously determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), and available alumina was quantified indirectly by calculation. The method precision (RSD) is greater than 3% (n=13) and the recoveries range from 97.0% to 102.6%. The results of international standard materials are consistent with the certified values. The proposed method solves the issues of the conventional method and improves the influence of the matrix effect and equipment drift on analytical results. This method can determine simultaneously active alumina and active silicon. The concept of active alumina can be used to comprehensively evaluate gibbsite bauxite and the adjustment of the production method of aluminum oxide.

For tin, tungsten, titanium and other elements not easily digested by acid, a suitable sample preparation method combined with Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) can help to improve the accuracy and efficiency. Polymetallic ore samples were melted with Na2O2 and then extracted by mixed leaching solution (hydrochloric acid-tartaric acid-hydrogen peroxide).15 major and minor elements including Cu, Pb, Zn, Sn, W and Ti were determined by ICP-OES using an internal standard method. The analytical lines of analyzed elements and the correction mode of the background were optimized. The effect of crucible contamination, solvent, Al and internal standard element on the results were systematically studied. The method has detection limits of 7-995 μg/g, recoveries of 90.3%-105.0% (in Table 4), and relative standard deviations (RSD, n=12) of 0.8%-6.6% (in Table 3) by the standard addition method. For five different types of polymetallic ores, the method has a wide test range (40 μg/g to 25%).

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.09.009

Different pretreatment methods should be used for quick and accurate determination of major and minor elements in different types of polymetallic ores. In this study, five types of polymetallic ores including Pb-Zn, Sn, Mo, V, and Cu-Ni polymetallic ores were collected from typical metallogenic areas of China. Comparison of microwave digestion using mixed acids of hydrochloric-nitric-perchloric-hydrofluoric-sulphuric acids with digestion using nitric acid only was performed. Nine elements, Cu, Pb, Zn, Sn, W, Mo, Mn, Ti, and V were determined by the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry technique. Analytical results of National Standards Reference indicate that digestion with a mixture of five acids has a long digestion time and can simultaneously determine the 6 elements of Cu, Pb, Zn, Mo, Mn, and V. Digestion with nitric acid needs only 1 h and can determine 4 elements, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Mo. Two methods have good accuracy and precision (RSD < 5%) and low detection limits of 5.3-30 mg/kg, which are suitable for application in geological analyses. However, neither of these two methods are suitable for analyzing Sn, W, and Ti, because these elements cannot be digested completely by acids.

Prion diseases (PrD) are a group of encephalopathies with neurodegenerative changes caused by prion protein (PrP) whose characteristic datum is transmissibility. In most cases they occur in a sporadic form although a group of them are familial associated with mutations in PrP gene. Phenotypic variability of fatal familial insomnia (FFI) versus familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease178 (fCJD178) seems to determine the different methionine⁃valine polymorphism at codon 129 of the PrP gene. Sleep disorders is one of the important clinical features for the diagnosis and definition of PrD. FFI, a hereditary disorder characterized by loss of physiological sleep with oneiric stupor, autonomic and motor hyperactivity. The polysomnography (PSG) shows disappearance of the physiological pattern of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, as well as sleep spindles and K-complexes were absent. The hypothesis of the origin of these disorders is thalamic neuronal loss, especially in the anterior and dorsomedial nuclei, described in the neuropathology of these patients; besides, PET reveals hypofunction of thalamic nuclei, centres responsible for controlling wake-sleep. In CJD the wake-sleep disorders is not considered characteristic; nonetheless, frequent alterations have been found in the electroencephalographic registers of sleep. Besides thalamic neurodegeneration, there could be common etiopathogenic mechanisms in PrD in relation to the biological function of PrP.

The intestine is an important organ for digestion and absorption of nutrients as well as playing an immune role in livestock and poultry. The intestinal barrier function is an important internal factor that affects the intestinal health of livestock and poultry. In recent years, nutritional intervention has gradually become a sustainable method for preventing diseases and improving intestinal health in livestock and poultry. Eugenol, as a natural plant extract, has biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial effects. The article reviews the improvement of intestinal barrier function by syringic acid and its application in livestock and poultry production, aiming to elucidate the role of syringic acid in improving intestinal health and enhancing production performance in livestock and poultry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To report the method and effect of intraoperative ultrasonography⁃assisted microinvasive cisterna magna reconstruction for Chiari malformation type Ⅰ with syringomyelia. Methods Ninty⁃three patients suffered from Chiari malformation typeⅠwith syringomyelia were treated by microinvasive cisterna magna reconstruction. The skin incision was 1.50-3.00 cm. The bone removal of foramen magnum was 1.50 cm × 2.00 cm with C1 reserved. Dura and arachnoid were incised and sutured linearly. All of the patients underwent cerebellar tonsillar resection and exploration of median aperture of fourth ventricle. Intraoperative ultrasonography was performed both before and after cerebellar tonsillar resection to judge the effect of cisterna magna reconstruction. According to Tator method, the curative effect was divided into 3 groups, improved, stable and worsen. MRI were reviewed at the same time, and the result was divided into syrinx disappeared, reduced, no change and expanded. Results The operation was successful in all patients. Postoperative complications included cerebellum hemorrhage (n = 1), cerebral infarction (n = 1), hydrocephalus (n = 1), subcutaneous dropsy (n = 2) and were recovered after specific treatment. All patients were followed up for 6 months to 12 months after operation. Thirty⁃six cases were improved, 55 cases were stable, and 2 cases got worse. The MRI showed that the syringomyelia shrinked or disappeared in 90 cases, no change in 3 cases and no expansion. Eighty cases were followed up for 30 months to 36 months after operation, 12 stable cases improved, 1 stable case got worse, while the others remained unchanged. The MRI showed no change was compared with previous follow ⁃ up imaging. Conclusion Microinvasive cisterna magna reconstruction is a surgical procedure with mininal injury, quick recovery, stable effect, fewer complications, and high security. Intraoperative ultrasonography provides reliable data and is easy to perform. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2012.04.015

Through a large number of experiments, an explicit formula was proposed for the number of primitive σ-LFSRs over finite field, which generalized a known formula for the number of primitive LFSRs over finite field, and also was the extension of the number of primitive polynomial.Utilizing the given methods to distinguish the primitive σ-LFSR, the conjecture in three special cases was proved and a preliminary analysis for the general case was given.

Frozen dough processing technology is one of the important preservation technologies of fermented flour products, which realizes the separation of dough making and steaming. Steamed stuffed bun plays an important role in Chinese food culture. At present, frozen dough is mainly used in industrial production of steamed stuffed bun, but the freezing process will have adverse effects on the structure of gluten network, yeast activity, and quality of the end product. In this paper, the effects of xanthan gum, guar gum, sodium stearoyl lactate and diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono (di) glycerides on the rheological properties, specific volume, height-to-diameter ratio, texture and sensory quality of frozen dough and steamed stuffed bun were studied. On the basis of single factor experiment, the compound improver formula suitable for making frozen dough steamed stuffed bun was obtained by using response surface method. The results showed that, in the single factor experiment, the optimum additive amount of xanthan gum, guar gum, sodium stearoyl lactate and diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono (di) glycerides was 0.1%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively. In this condition, the comprehensive quality of frozen dough steamed stuffed bun was significantly improved. Based on the sensory score indexes, response surface optimization was carried out to obtain the optimized formula of improver: xanthan gum 0.1%, guar gum 0.11%, sodium stearoyl lactate 0.28% and diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono (di) glycerides 0.35%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a new species of Bacillus, B. velezensis has attracted much attention because of its wide distribution in nature, strong enzyme production ability, rich secondary metabolites, stress resistance and high antibacterial activity. B. velezensis can promote the growth of animals and plants and effectively prevent and control animal and plant diseases. It has been widely studied and applied in agriculture such as biological prevention and control, feed processing, aquaculture and so on. The paper reviews the biological characteristics of B. velezensis and its application in agriculture, in order to provide reference ideas for the related research of B. velezensis and provide important theoretical basis for the development of its products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of different types of woody forages for fattening Liaoning cashmere goats. 24 both cashmere and meat strain of Liaoning cashmere female goats [2.5 years old and average body weight (43.41±1.76 kg)] were randomly divided into four groups, with six goats in each group. Group 1 was the control, and the others were feeding with 10% Vitex, Caragana microphylla and oak leaves. The experimental period was 75 d. The results showed that the crude protein content of Vitex was significantly lower than that of Caragana microphylla and oak leaves (P<0.05), the crude fat content of Vitex was extremely lower than that of Caragana microphylla and oak leaves (P<0.01), the crude fiber and acid detergent fiber content of Vitex was significantly higher than that of oak leaves ( P<0.05), the calcium content in the oak leaves was extremely higher than that of Vitex and Caragana microphylla (P<0.01), and the content of phosphorus in the oak leaves was significantly higher than that of Vitex (P<0.05). The daily weight gain in group 2~4 was extremely higher than that of group 1 (P<0.01), the feed to gain ratio in group 4 was significantly lower than that of group 1 (P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of crude protein in group 4 was significantly higher than that in group 1 (P<0.05), and the apparent digestibility of crude fat was significantly higher than that in group 2 (P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of crude fiber in group 4 was significantly higher than that in group 1 ( P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber was significantly higher than that in group 2 (P<0.05). Using 10% Vitex, Caragana microphyllaand oak leaves could decrease the cost of ration and increase profiting of ?0.37~0.66 each goat in one day. The study indicates that Vitex, Caragana microphyllaand oak leaves could be used substituting other herbage to get better growth performance, digestibility and economic benefit, and in which oak leave was the best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the pre-treated whey protein by ultrasound was used as the substrate for enzymatic hydrolysis. OPA and ELISA method were used to analyze the optimal conditions of ultrasonic pretreatment - enzymatic hydrolysis for whey protein by the crude enzyme of Kluyveromyces marxianus 1X1, in order to reduce the antigenicity of whey protein (characterized by the antigenicity of α-LA and β-LG). The results showed that the hydrolysis degree of whey protein was significantly affected by initial pH value and hydrolysis temperature, and the antigenicity of α-LA and β-LG was apparently influenced by initial pH value, and the interaction of ultrasonic interval time and ultrasonic power also played a role in affecting the antigenicity of α-LA and β-LG. The optimal conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis to transform whey protein by Kluyveromyces marxianus Z17 were obtained by response surface method: the reduction rates of α-LA antigenicity and β-LG antigenicity were predicted to reach the maximum at the ultrasonic interval time of 16 s, the ultrasonic power of 400 W, the initial pH of 6.16 and the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 18.48 t, which were 65.56% and 57.96%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the effect of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) on the perioperative nursing of patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods 120 patients with SUI diagnosed in Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medica University from January 2016 to January 2020 were randomly divided into a control group (n = 60) and an observation group (n = 60). The patients in the control group received routine perioperative nursing, while those in the observation group received perioperative nursing using the ERAS concept. The changes of recovery indicators after intervention, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores and urodynamic indices between the two groups were recorded. Results The overall effective rate of the observation group was 95. 00%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group's 71. 67% (P <0.05). After intervention, the VAS scores for pain of both groups were significantly lower than those before intervention, and the decrease in the observation group was more significant (both P < 0. 05). The urination time, functional urethral length and maximum urethral closure pressure in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P < 0. 05), and the average urination rate of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0. 05). The total complication rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0. 05). Conclusion The perioperative nursing of patients with SUI with the ERAS concept can significantly reduce the VAS score, and effectively improve the urodynamic indices of patients, which is worth popularizing and applying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Floating-Harbor syndrome (FHS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease caused by SRCAP mutation. This article reports the clinical features of a boy with FHS. The boy, aged 11 years and 7 months, attended the hospital due to short stature for more than 8 years and had the clinical manifestations of unusual facial features (triangularly shaped face, thin lips and long eyelashes), skeletal dysplasia (curvature finger), expressive language disorder, and retardation of bone age. Genetic detection revealed a novel heterozygous mutation, c.7330 C>T(p.R2444X), in the SRCAP gene. The boy was diagnosed with FHS based on these clinical manifestations and gene detection results. FHS is rare in clinical practice, which may lead to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, and gene detection may help with the clinical diagnosis of FHS in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silane modified polyether (MS) polymer was synthesized from polypropylene glycol and 3-isocyanate propyl trimethoxysilane by adjusting the temperature, ratio of the raw materials, and the content of catalyst. Results showed that under the temperature of 90°C; n (NCO): n(OH) = 1.2:1, and catalyst of 0.1wt%, the reaction could be finished in 3 h. Thus the polymer ons good storage stability. The MS sealant prepared by self-made polymer has high hardness and strength, low mass loss rate, good adhesion and water resistance, which was good for environmental protection in home decoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve effective fertilizer rates on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) for oilseed - vegetable dual purposes, plant nutrient traits were investigated on stalk -cut and stalk -free (CK) plants from bolting to mature. 2 years data of dry matter accumulation, nutrient absorption and distribution were compared. Results showed that the growth period, branch structure, dry matter accumulation, nutrient absorption and utilization on stalk - cut rapeseed were changed dramatically. After cut, plants had lower seed yield but greater dry matter. It had 8 d extension on growth period. The plants were early branched, and had more secondary branches with an average of 19.2 per plant. The seed yield was mainly obtained from the secondary branches. The content of NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) decreased with the growth processes, and the content in siliques was much higher than that in root and stem during maturing. Because of the wound, dry matter accumulation and NPK absorption were increased slowly during the first 20 d after cut. Then the absorption increased rapidly. NPK accumulation on stalk -cut plants was higher than that of stalk - free during maturing. For stalk - cut plants, the secondary branches were dominant in canopy, which had more flowers and greater silique dry matter as well as N accumulation than that of the primary branches. Because of longer growth period, the duration of dry matter and nutrient accumulation were prolonged after the cut. In summary, stalk - cut rapeseed had different characteristics on fertilizer requirement from oilseed - vegetable dual - purpose production of rapeseed, which suggested a very different fertilization management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the idea of an "East Asia left-wing corridor," this study focuses on the influence of Northeastern Chinese writers in exile on the left wing school of literature in Shanghai, the east end of the collapsing corridor, between the end of 1934 and 1937, before the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War. It investigates: How did Lu Xun's ... 1881-1936) promotion of Xiao Jun ... (1907-1988) and Xiao Hong ... (1911-1942) turn "Northeastern Chinese writers in exile" into a cultural symbol in the "Manchukuo-Shanghai" cross-border cultural phenomenon? In addition, how did Xiao Hong interpret the image of "Nora leaving home" when she left both her feudal family in Northeast China and the colonial regime of Manchukuo? Finally, the study explores the differences of the exile discourses between Xiao Hong and other Northeastern Chinese writers in exile, observes the discourse resources she injected into the "Harbin-Shanghai" corridor, and examines the cross-cultural practice conducted by Japanese activists Wataru Kaji (1903-1982), Dan Yazaki (1906-1946), and others in the uShanghai-Tokyo,5 corridor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, Chinese scholars have made some progress in the field of restless legs syndrome (RLS), including epidemiological investigation of prevalence of RLS in some areas of China, the pathogenesis, comorbidities research, drug therapy and non - drug therapy of RLS, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, etc. This has laid a solid foundation for understanding and treating the disease in a better way, and also makes some contributions to RLS research for our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sleep - related rhythmic movement disorder (RMD) is characterized by repetitive, stereotyped and rhythmic motor behaviors (not tremors) that occur predominantly during drowsiness or sleep and involve large muscle groups. The onset of RMD is typically in early childhood, rarely continue into adolescence and adulthood. This paper retrospectively analyzed the diagnosis and treatment in a case of adult - onset RMD. A 76 - year - old male mainly presented rhythmic forehead banging during sleep. The number of forehead banging ranged from dozens to tens of seconds, pause seconds after the second attack, lasting 1 to 2 h and can not be recalled after waking up. Polysomnography (PSG) showed sleep efficiency decreased, awakening time prolonged, times of wakefulness increased, sleep structure disordered, non - rapid eye movement (NREM) 1 and 2 sleep increased, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep decreased, sleep latency of REM prolonged. Apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was 8.40. Several abnormal behavior attacks were observed, each attack lasting 3 to 18 s, 0.60 to 1.20 Hz, total time lasting 6 min. The diagnosis was RMD, clonazepam 0.50 mg/night and pramipexole 0.0625 mg/night were given and the result of 33 months follow- up showed effective. By literature review, we know the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of RMD. We also analyze the reasons of misdiagnosis for reducing diagnostic errors and mistreatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many large scale graph reachability query problems in reality, this paper proposed a new algorithm based on RDD which decomposed a graph into a series of spanning trees and a residue graph. In this way, it transformed any reachability query into these two queries to reduce the cost. Compared with the traditional algorithms, like interval labeling, chain de composition, 2-hop labeling, and path-trees etc, this algorithm could lead to smaller space overhead, and lesser time complexity. The simulation illustrates that the algorithm has a smaller storage and more effectively to deal with the large scale groph reachability query problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tunnel supporting frame has a strong impact on the nuclear magnetic resonance detecting. The emission current decreases, at the same time, the establishment of the excitation field and the reception of the signal are also influenced, hence, the detection results is imprecise. Combining with the transformer model, through Kirchhoffs current law, the relationship is obtained between the increasing amount of resistance of emission coin and the decreasing amount of inductance and the supporting frame resistance and inductance. The mutual inductance of supporting frame and the transmitter coil is calculated. According to the addition and the reduction, the resistance and inductance are calculated. Demonstrated by experiment, the measured and calculated results are consistent, the results provide a basis for the inversion of NMR signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the CO2 gasification reaction characteristics from Yuanbao candle coal char, a self-made high dose ther-mobalance and isothennal thennogravimetiy technology were applied to the lump coal char-CO2 gasification experiments within 800~1 100 °C. The results showed that when the temperature was below 1 000 °C, the temperature would be less affected to the reaction rate. At the initial time of the reaction, the gasification rate was low, would be steadily increased and then steadily reduced in tenderly with the time passed and the variation range would be small. When the temperature was over 1 000 °C, the gasification rate would be varied obviously with the temperature, would reach at the max value at the initial period of the reaction and then the reaction rate would be steadily reduced. A mixed reaction model was applied to the processing of the experiment data. The activation energy of the CO2 gasification obtained with Yuanbao candle coal was 96.8 kj/mol. Meanwhile the activation energy of the CO2 gasification calculated with the isoconversional method was 84. 3~117. 5 kj/mol. The calculation results of the two methods were fitted. The kinetics model of the CO2 gasification reaction could be preliminarily met with the mixed reaction model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to control effectively typical pollutants polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) generated in underground coal gasification (UCG) process, the experiment was earned out to study the generation and distribution laws of PAHs in the process of steam-coal char gasification by simulated fixed-bed gasifier with lignite from Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia. The results showed that the 3-ring PAHs dominated in the cooled gas, the acenaphthylene and acenaphthene content were the highest. As the gasification temperature increased from 900 °C to 1 000 °C, the total yield of PAHs decreased from 73.19 mg/kg to 9. 40 mg/kg, namely a reduction by nearly 90%. However, further increasing of temperature to 1 100 °C caused the total amount of PAHs increment. As the flow rate of steam increased from 0.17 mol/min to 0.61 mol/min, the total yield of PAHs increased firstly and then decreased. When the steam flow rate was 0.39 mol/min, the yield of PAHs reached the maximum value 73. 19 mg/kg, which was 1. 5 times of the minimum. The yield of PAHs could decrease when the temperature ranged from 1 000~ 1 100 °C. With the flow rate of steam increased, PAHs yield decreased in cooled gas, so the PAHs in condensate water should be treated more intensively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By the method of index evaluation at reach scale, this paper evaluated the ecological functions of aquatic biodiversity maintenance, habitat maintenance, water quality sustainment, and hydrological support of the river system in Taizi River basin of North China. The dominant ecological functions and the total ecological function were determined after sorting and summing. All the reaches in the basin were divided into four hierarchies of ecological functions. Overall, the total ecological function showed a spatially degrading trend from the mountainous region to the plain. Based on the evaluation results of the total function and dominant functions, six ecosystem management strategies were proposed. For the reaches with the functions of aquatic biodiversity-and habitat maintenance, the primary ecological management strategies included ecological conservation, ecological maintenance, and ecological restoration; for the reaches with the functions of water quality sustainment and hydrological support, the primary strategies of ecological management included limited development, development optimization, and exploitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inspection for energy consumption and pollution of logistics system involves green evaluation, optimization and management, therefore the deployment of monitors for green logistics in distributed OD carrier network is studied in the paper, and a green-track inspection system and its layout optimization upon the OD carrier network are further proposed. Meanwhile, a mixed integer programming model is established, based on the consideration of monitor coverage quantity and line correlation, and an OD flow shortest path algorithm in distributed OD carrier network is designed. For the limited investment of monitoring equipments, a feasible alternative solution is proposed with promising economic costs and environmental benefits. The model and algorithm are verified through simulation experiments, and some new research opportunities are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prion diseases (PrD) are a group of encephalopathies with neurodegenerative changes caused by prion protein (PrP) whose characteristic datum is transmissibility. In most cases they occur in a sporadic form although a group of them are familial associated with mutations in PrP gene. Phenotypic variability of fatal familial insomnia (FFI) versus familial Creutzfeldt - Jakob disease178 (fCJD178) seems to determine the different methionine-valine polymorphism at codon 129 of the PrP gene. Sleep disorders is one of the important clinical features for the diagnosis and definition of PrD. FFI, a hereditary disorder characterized by loss of physiological sleep with oneiric stupor, autonomic and motor hyperactivity. The polysomnography (PSG) shows disappearance of the physiological pattern of non - rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, as well as sleep spindles and K-complexes were absent. The hypothesis of the origin of these disorders is thalamic neuronal loss, especially in the anterior and dorsomedial nuclei, described in the neuropathology of these patients; besides, PET reveals hypofunction of thalamic nuclei, centres responsible for controlling wake-sleep. In CJD the wake-sleep disorders is not considered characteristic; nonetheless, frequent alterations have been found in the electroencephalographic registers of sleep. Besides thalamic neurodegeneration, there could be common etiopathogenic mechanisms in PrD in relation to the biological function of PrP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Being an important process of coal fires and underground coal gasification, coal seam pyrolysis is a crucial source of PAHs discharging into the air. Four kinds of low rank coals were pyrolyzed in the horizontal tube furnace to simulate coal seam pyrolysis, and the formation and distribution of the 16 kinds of US EPA prior controlled PAHs at different temperatures were studied. The results show that with temperature increasing, four kinds of large size coals produce PAHs continually and PAHs yield is remarkably affected by temperature. 3-ring PAHs are the main species which takes up more than 80%. The yield of 2-ring PAHs attains the maximum at 400 °C, and decreases rapidly with increasing temperature. Above 700 °C, the yield of 4-ring PAHs rises significantly, and the yields of 5-ring and 6-ring are less than 1.0 mg/kg. The formation of the most toxic specie, benzo (a)pyrene, peaks between 500-700 °C, and the maximum discharge of Dibenz (a, h) anthracene occurs at 400 °C. Resistance of heat conduction and mass transfer during the low speed pyrolysis process for the large size coal is the main affecting factor for the formation and discharge of PAHs. With the coal rank increasing, the discharge of toxic PAHs is enhanced. The maximum of TEQ occurs at 400 and 900 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]