Search

BACKGROUND: Osteonecrosis due to drugs is a serious adverse reaction occurring after the application of such drugs. Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota composition is associated with osteonecrosis due to drugs. However, the causal relationship of the gut microbiota to osteonecrosis due to drugs is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential causal relationship between the gut microbiota and the risk of osteonecrosis due to drugs using the Mendelian randomization method. METHODS: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study was performed using the summary statistics of gut microbiota from the largest available genomewide association study meta-analysis (n=13 266) conducted by the MiBioGen consortium as well as the summary statistics of osteonecrosis due to drugs obtained from the FinnGen consortium R9 release data (264 cases and 377 013 controls). Inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted model and simple model were used to examine the causal association between gut microbiota and osteonecrosis due to drugs. Sensitivity analysis was used to test whether the results of the Mendelian randomization analysis were reliable. Reverse Mendelian randomization analysis was performed on all the bacteria as an outcome for effect analysis and sensitivity analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Inverse variance weighted estimates suggested that Lentisphaerae (phylum), Lentisphaeria (class), Melainabacteria (class), Gastranaerophilales (order), Rhodospirillales (order), Victivallales (order) and Bifidobacterium (genus) had protective causal effects on osteonecrosis due to drugs. Methanobacteria (class), Bacillales (order), Methanobacteriaceae (family), Lachnospiraceae (family), Methanobacteriales (order), Holdemania (genus), Holdemania (UCG010 group) (genus), Odoribacter (genus) and Tyzzerella3 (genus) had negative causal effects on osteonecrosis due to drugs. According to the results of reverse Mendelian randomization analysis, Clostridiaceae1 (family), Peptostreptococcaceae (family), Streptococcaceae (family), Clostridiumsensustricto1 (genus) and Streptococcus (genus) showed negative causal effects on osteonecrosis due to drugs. However, Eisenbergiella (genus) showed protective causal effects on osteonecrosis due to drugs. None of the bidirectional sensitivity analysis revealed heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. When gut microbiota were used as exposure and osteonecrosis due to drugs as the outcome, Mendelian randomization analysis found that seven bacterial traits were positively correlated to osteonecrosis due to drugs, nine bacterial traits were negatively related to osteonecrosis due to drugs. When osteonecrosis due to drugs were used as exposure and gut microbiota as the outcome, reverse Mendelian randomization analysis found a negative correlated relationship with five bacterial traits and a positive causal relationship with one bacterial trait. By changing the diversity and composition of gut microbiota, it is expected to improve the incidence and prognosis of osteonecrosis due to drugs, providing new ideas for the study of orthopedic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Rural Water & Hydropower is the property of China Rural Water & Hydropower Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Rural Water & Hydropower is the property of China Rural Water & Hydropower Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zhejiang Electric Power is the property of Zhejiang Electric Power Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Prevention & Treatment For Stomatological Diseases is the property of Journal of Prevention & Treatment For Stomatological Diseases Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aiming at the problem of excessive torque fluctuation of double-layer permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for vehicle, based on the evolutionary algorithm (EA), the parameters of rotor skew angle, stator slot height, stator slot width and width and thickness of double-layer magnet steel for a double-layerpermanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM )applied to dedicated hybrid transmission (DHT) were optimized. The sensitivity of each parameter was analyzed by design of experiment(DOE) method to derive the influence weights and positive and negative correlations of the parameters on the optimization target, and then the optimal parameter combination was derived by combining with the multi-round EA, and the results showed that the torque fluctuation of the optimized PMSM decreased by 3. 5% . In addition, the maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control of the optimized PMSM was simulated by joint simulation, and the results showed that the torque fluctuation of the optimized motor is obviously reduced in the high torque speedup stage, which verified the effectiveness of the optimization process. The simulation process improves the efficiency of the optimization process, reduces the number of physical tests, and lowers the development cost and development cycle for DHT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the causal relationship between exercise, sedentary behavior, and the risk of sarcopenia, and to gain a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease, to provide guidance for prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation. Methods Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using data from genome-wide association studies. Single nucleotide polymorphisms that were significantly associated with the exposure and with the outcome were selected, and multiple MR methods were employed, including inverse variance weighting, weighted median, MR-Egger, weighted mode, simple mode, and MR-PRESSO. Heterogeneity, robustness, and consistency of the results were assessed through CochranJ s Q statistic, MR -Egger regression, and leave -one -out sensitivity analysis. Results The inverse variance weighting method showed that low-intensity exercise had a positive causal relationship with the risk of sarcopenia (OR=1.76, 95%CI: 1.09-2.85, P=0.02; OR二0.3& 95%CIi 0.14-1.00, P<0.05; O2-=2.13, 95%CI: 1.75-2.5& P<0.001), while sedentary behavior had a negative causal relationship with the risk of sarcopenia (OR二0.74, 95%CI: 0.64-0.85, P<0,001; OR二 1.51, 95%CI: 1.24-1.83, P<0.001; OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.70-0,77, P<0,001). Sensitivity analysis showed no evidence of reverse causality, pleiotropy, or heterogeneity. Conclusion The results of this study confirm a reverse causal relationship between low-intensity exercise and sarcopenia, while sedentary behavior has a positive causal relationship with sarcopenia, which provides genetic evidence to support the treatment of sarcopenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the potential causal relationship between seven common unhealthy lifestyles (smoking, alcohol, sugar intake, salt intake, fat intake, sleep, and prolonged sedentary behaviors) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) using Mendelian randomization (MR) method. Methods The instrumental variables were obtained from genome-wide association study (GW AS) databases. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis method, and MR-Egger and weighted-median (WM) as supplementary metliods to analyze the potential causal association between exposure and outcome. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted. Results The IVW analysis showed a causal relationship between fat intake (O/-=1.09, 95%CZ: 1.01-1.19, P=0.027) and CKD. Sensitivity analysis results did not reveal notable heterogeneity (-=18.00, P=0.12) or pleiotropy (P=0.27). Smoking, alcohol, sugar intake, salt intake, sleep, and prolonged sedentary behaviors showed no causal relationship with CKD in the IVW analysis. Conclusion There is a positive relationship between fat intake and CKD risk. It is suggested to control fat intake to reduce the risk of CKD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to obtain a mechanism which is suitable for numerical simulation of combustion process in EAN thruster, a detailed combustion mechanism for EAN is presented based on the existing mechanism containing EAN evaporation products nitric acid and ethylamine, and a skeletal mechanism for EAN combustion consisting 82 species and 291 reactions is obtained by simplifying the detailed mechanism through an integrated reduction method that contains rate of production (ROP) analysis and sensitivity analysis. The ignition delay time, species profiles in premixed laminar flames and shock tubes for ethylamine reaction and species profiles in shock tubes for nitric acid reaction are simulated by using detailed mechanism and skeletal mechanism. Validations for two mechanisms are presented by comparing their simulation results and experimental datas. The validations show that simulation results of skeletal mechanism are in agreement with experimental datas and predictions of detailed mechanism, which proves that the skeletal mechanism is credible. The obtained skeletal mechanism provides a reaction mechanism model for numerical simulation of combustion process in EAN thruster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of South China University of Technology (Natural Science Edition) is the property of South China University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Petroleum Machinery is the property of China Petroleum Machinery Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The safety situation of railway stations is facing great challenges due to the characteristics of huge transport task load, fast operation speed and larger station scale. Based on this, this paper proposes a decision-making method for safety risk factors of high-speed railway stations, which combines fuzzy fault tree (FFTA) and Bayesian network (BN) algorithms. Firstly, the basic risk factors and events of each subsystem of high-speed railway station in the actual construction and operation process are statistically analyzed and modeled, and a total of 22 basic events affecting the safe operation of railway stations are determined. Secondly, the limitation of data collection is overcome by means of expert experience evaluation, scoring and fuzzy rough set theory. Then, the fusion structure of fault tree analysis and Bayesian network algorithm is used to overcome the shortcomings of single algorithm in data processing ability and accuracy, effectively and accurately reveal the logic and probability relationship between safety risk factors, and four basic events such as the lack of technical means to master the station resource status and operation progress are identified as the main influencing factors. Finally, through sensitivity analysis, the risk reduction value importance (RRW) indicators of 22 basic events that affect the safety of high-speed railway station construction and operation are obtained. The results show that the RRW of the 4 main influencing factors are all greater than 15%, which verifies the correctness of the results obtained by FFTA and BN. The proposed decision-making method for safety risk factors of high-speed railway stations can realize accurate positioning and decision-making of key indicators and corresponding probabilities affecting the safety of high-speed railway stations, thus providing effective reference for ensuring the safe operation of high-speed railway stations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Drainage & Irrigation Machinery Engineering / Paiguan Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao is the property of Editorial Department of Drainage & Irrigation Machinery Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To better guide decision-making and cost optimization for LNG (liquefied natural gas) tank container multimodal transport routes, aimed at minimizing transportation costs, a mathematical model for optimizing LNG tank container multimodal transport routes based on transshipment terminals was constructed. The study investigated a three-tier multimodal transport network consisting of LNG receiving terminals, transshipment terminals, and customers. A two-stage approach was employed. The overall transportation route planning problem based on transshipment terminals was addressed in the first stage, while the optimization of multimodal transport modes was dealt with in the second stage, building upon the results of the first stage. The GAMS, CPLEX, and DICOPT solvers were used for instance analysis of models. The results revealed that, compared to the traditional point-to-point direct transportation mode, the combination of transshipment terminals and multimodal transport could significantly reduce transportation costs. Meanwhile, sensitivity analysis on the capacity and discount coefficient of cross docks was conducted in this paper, and it was found that changes in the discount coefficient and capacity would have a direct impact on the selection of transportation modes, transportation routes, and overall transportation costs. The case studies validated the effectiveness and feasibility of the transportation model proposed in this paper. The research showed that adopting the transportation mode proposed in this article was expected to significantly reduce transportation costs and provide valuable reference for LNG supply enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Mechanical Engineering is the property of Editorial Board of China Mechanical Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pearl River is the property of Pearl River Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Driven by Chinese double carbon policy, logistics companies should ensure both environmental preservation and fluency in the last-mile delivery. With the objective of minimizing the total distribution distance, a model for location of mobile recharge stations and the route planning is formulated, which considers some constraints such as load, power and service capacity of recharge stations. Subsequently, a two-stage algorithm is proposed. The genetic algorithm is used to generate the initial routing plans in the first stage, and the RSI algorithm is designed to locate recharge stations and adjust routing plans in the second stage. Tested by the CVRP benchmark cases, the results show that the average increasing rate of travel distances caused by visiting recharge station is less than 5%. Compared with PSO and SA, the results between the proposed algorithm and the other two algorithms are respectively -4.04% and -3.65%. Also, the adaptability of the model is verified through the sensitivity analysis with the main model parameters such as power consumption rate. Therefore, the mode is feasible if logistics companies can afford to use exclusive mobile recharge stations and accept the increase of travel distances which is less than 8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology / Shuiwendizhi Gongchengdizhi is the property of Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Real-time sensing of hot spot temperature in three-core cable joints is of significant importance for studying operation safety of cables， temperature rise， and dynamic load carrying capacity assessment. Therefore， focusing on 10 kV three-core cable joints and considering the variations in structures， materials， and on-site process for different types of joints， the paper constructs a simulation model for cable joint temperature fields and analyzes the temperature field distribution rules of the joints. Moreover， the paper establishes a unified inverse model for axial temperature of conductor based on axial heat flow. By employing single factor variation and orthogonal combination methods， the paper analyzes the impact of material parameter variations on the fitting degree and sensitivity of the axial inverse model for joint conductors. Simulation results demonstrate that the sensitivity coefficient and fitting goodness of the inverse model for axial temperature vary slightly， indicating good robustness for different structural， material， and on-site process variations.

Objective To explore the bidirectional causal relationships between periodontitis and asthma using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to provide a basis for exploring the etiology and formulating preventive and therapeutic measures of periodontitis and asthma. Methods We performed two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis using publicly released European genome-wide association studies (GWAS) statistics for periodontitis (n = 34 615) and asthma (n = 408 422). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was employed as the main approach to estimate the bidirectional causal relationships between periodontitis and asthma. In addition, weighted median (WM), MR-Egger regression, maximum likelihood, and Mendelian randomization robust adjusted profile score (MR-RAPS) were used as supplementary analyses. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using Cochran's Q test, Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO), and leave-one-out analysis. Results A total of 12 and 43 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were included as instrumental variables for periodontitis and asthma, respectively. The results of IVW, WM, MR-Egger regression, maximum likelihood, and MR-RAPS showed that periodontitis was not causally related to the risk of asthma (IVW: OR: 1.003, 95% CI: 0.973-1.035, P = 0.828, WM: OR: 0.990, 95% CI: 0.951-1.031, P = 0.641; MR-Egger regression: OR: 0.988, 95% CI: 0.960-1.028, P = 0.573; maximum likelihood: OR: 1.003, 95% CI: 0.972-1.035, P = 0.834; MR-RAPS: OR: 1.002, 95% CI: 0.970-1.036, P = 0.890) among the European population, and no causal effect of asthma on periodontitis was found (IVW: OR: 1.021, 95% CI: 0.938-1.111, P = 0.633, WM: OR: 1.011, 95% CI: 0.894-1.142, P = 0.866; MR-Egger regression: OR: 1.042, 95% CI: 0.824-1.319, P = 0.731; maximum likelihood: OR: 1.021, 95% CI: 0.938-1.112, P = 0.631; MR-RAPS: OR: 1.017, 95% CI: 0.931-1.110, P = 0.713) among the European population. Cochran's Q test showed no heterogeneity among the included instrumental variables, MR-PRESSO test found no horizontal pleiotropy, and the leave-one-out method did not identify outlier SNPs. Conclusion The results of this study, based on European genetic data, do not support a bidirectional causal association between periodontitis and asthma in the European population.

Since random uncertainty may cause severe aerodynamic performance fluctuations for the wing-mounted aircraft, the Gaussian process regression (GPR) surrogate model method based on was proposed. The strategy of adding sample points by active-learning method can effectively reduce model uncertainty and improve the accuracy of uncertainty prediction. Focusing on incoming flow with uncertainty, the polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) method based on Smolyak sparse grid and the GPR surrogate model method based on the strategy of adding sample points by active-learning method were used to analyze the uncertainty of the wing-body-nacelle-pylon geometry combined with the Sobol sensitivity analysis method. Results show that the uncertainty of angle of attack and Mach number will cause dramatic fluctuation in lift coefficient and drag coefficient of the wing-mounted aircraft under transonic condition. The fluctuation of lift coefficient is affected by angle of attack and Mach number, and the fluctuation of drag coefficient is mainly determined by Mach number.

The metro tunnel settlement would directly affect the normal train operation and the comfort of passengers; severe uneven settlement can easily cause tunnel structural diseases. The relevant studies mainly focused on long-term settlement prediction and single factor impact analysis; it is necessary to analyze the multiple factors that influence the tunnel foundation settlement. A three-dimensional finite element numerical model of one shield tunnel section of Zhengzhou metro 1st line was constructed and the vertical load of metro train was simulated as artificial excitation force to extract the dynamic stress and static deviator stress data. Introducing the cumulative plastic strain calculation formula under cyclic load, the layered summation method was used to calculate the tunnel foundation settlement. The influences of factors, such as the properties of soil where the tunnel is buried, the depth of track bed void, and metro operation velocity, on the tunnel foundation settlement were further analyzed. The results show that the numerical simulated foundation settlement and development law are consistent with on-site measured results, which verifies the accuracy of finite element simulation. The tunnel foundation settlement decreases with the increase of sand content in the surrounding soil layer; the size of the track bed void would exacerbate the stress concentration and vibration amplification in the tunnel and track bed slab, and then increase the dynamic deviatoric stress of soil layer under the tunnel and foundation settlement. Increasing the metro train velocity would increase the lateral influence range of foundation settlement. The sensitivity of tunnel settlement to various factors is obtained with orthogonal experimental method, range analysis method, and variance analysis method. The descending order of sensitivity is soil layer properties, train velocity, and track bed void, in which, soil layer property has a highly significant level and vehicle speed a has significant level. This study can provide basic information for the deformation monitoring, safety assessment, and reinforcement treatment of operating metro tunnels.

BACKGROUND: It has been found in recent observational studies that assessing localized fat mass is crucial in the evaluation of disc degeneration. Although obesity has been recognized as a risk factor for disc degeneration, the causal relationship between fat mass, which is a key factor in obesity, and intervertebral disc degeneration has been unclear in previous studies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the causal risk factors of intervertebral disc degeneration associated with different distributions of fat mass, thereby enhancing the understanding of the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration and contributing to the development of preventive, therapeutic, and prognostic strategies. METHODS: Genetic markers associated with trunk and lower limb fat mass were extracted as instrumental variables from the publicly available IEU Open GWAS under the conditions of strong correlation and fulfillment of linkage disequilibrium. These markers were combined with the Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the relationship between body fat and intervertebral disc degeneration. We used the latest version 9 database of FinnGen and assessed the results using several regression models, including inverse variance weighting, MR-Egger regression, simple mode, weighted mode, and weighted median estimator. We also assessed the heterogeneity of the genetic markers using Cochran’s Q test, and multiplicity was assessed using the MR-Egger intercept test. Additionally, we used the leave-one-out method to determine the sensitivity of individual genetic markers to the causal effect of the exposure and outcome. The results were presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results from the inverse variance weighting method revealed that there was a positive causal relationship between trunk fat mass and the risk of developing intervertebral disc degeneration (OR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.15-1.35, P < 0.001). Additionally, there was an inverse causal relationship between bilateral lower limb fat mass and the risk of developing intervertebral disc degeneration (OR=0.7, 95% CI: 0.63-0.78, P < 0.001; OR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.62-0.76, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the MR-Egger intercept analysis did not detect any potential horizontal pleiotropy. No bias single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected, while heterogeneity tests were present, and the leave-one-out sensitivity analysis suggested reliable results. The results above demonstrate a positive causal relationship between trunk fat mass and intervertebral disc degeneration. As trunk fat mass increases, the risk of intervertebral disc degeneration rises. With an increase in both lower limb fat mass, the risk of intervertebral disc degeneration decreases. Fat content and distribution affects the risk of developing intervertebral disc degeneration and should be given more attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rock deformation modulus is one of the key parameters for the design and construction of underground rock engineering. Obtaining accurate rock deformation modulus is crucial for a comprehensive analysis of the deformation behavior of the surrounding rock in deep rock engineering. To achieve this goal, the commonly used methods for calculating rock deformation modulus are systematically sorted out and summarized. Furthermore, the rock deformation modulus is inverse-calculated by simulating in-situ tests using the finite element method, and the results are verified and analyzed by comparing them with the in-situ test results. For the actual project of deep shaft, a numerical calculation model is established to conduct an inversion analysis of rock deformation modulus of different lithologies in the deep strata. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis is performed on different strength criteria, Poisson's ratio and rock cohesion on rock deformation modulus. Finally, the numerical simulation inversion results are compared and discussed with the empirical formula calculation results. The results show that the values of rock deformation modulus obtained from numerical inversion using finite element method are in good agreement with those calculated based on the experimental rigid plate load test; While Poisson's ratio does have some influence on rock deformation modulus, the sensitivity of rock deformation modulus to Poisson's ratio is generally low; When the cohesion of the rock mass is small, the choice of strength criterion has a significant influence on the inversion results of deformation modulus, and vice versa; the sensitivity of the rock deformation modulus to the changes of the rock cohesion varies depending on the depth and lithology of the strata; the deformation modulus of the rock mass obtained by numerical inversion has a good correlation with some empirical equations. Therefore, the numerical simulation and empirical formulae are useful during planning, design and development of deep rock projects to perform the inversion calculation of rock deformation modulus, thereby ensuring greater safety and economy.

Objective An enhanced geothermal system (EGS) is a crucial means of extracting thermal energy from hot dry rock reservoirs, and the pattern of well plays a key role in influencing heat extraction efficiency. Currently, there is limited research on pattern of well considering fractured reservoir exploitation models. Methods This paper establishes a numerical model for heat extraction from hot dry rock fractured reservoirs and analyses the impact of four different patterns of wells on EGS heat extraction performance through a comparative analysis of the temperature decrease of the bedrock, heat extraction rate, production temperature, and heat extraction power. Results The results indicate that, compared to vertical wells, horizontal wells have a larger area for fluid heat exchange, allowing for more efficient heat development between fractures. After 30 years of production, considering the case of hydraulic fracturing fracture connectivity, the one injection and two production schemes of horizontal wells exhibit the highest heat extraction efficiency. In the vertical well direction, the temperature influence range is approximately 690 m, with an average temperature decrease of 38.09 K in the bedrock, a heat extraction rate of 24.42%, and a heat extraction power of 3.5 MW. Conclusion The research results provide a theoretical reference for enhancing the heat production of geothermal systems and achieving efficient and sustainable development of hot dry rock resources.

Typical input-based best estimate plus uncertainty (BEPU) analysis methods require comprehensive consideration of uncertainty from all sources. Uncertainty of the input parameters is then propagated to the output by many sampling calculations through the best estimate (BE) code. In the past, the uncertainty of the code constitutive model, which was one of the most important sources of uncertainty, was often not properly analyzed. For the purpose of quantifying the uncertainty of code constitutive models and including it into the BEPU analysis, a methodology for the identification and uncertainty quantification of key constitutive models was developed in this paper. First of all, the figure of merit (FOM) of the sensitivity analysis needed to be defined. Time series data were chosen as the target in order to better characterize the effect of the parameters on the whole transient process, and a dimension reduction was performed for the time series data using functional data analysis (FDA) method to obtain the FOMs. Then, sensitivity analysis was performed on several FOMs to get the importance ranking of the constitutive models. The sensitivity analysis approach was a two-step process, where the input model parameters were firstly screened by the Morris method, and then the screened model parameters were subjected to a quantitative sensitivity analysis by the Sobol method to obtain a parameter importance ranking. Finally, uncertainty quantification was performed for the high ranking models selected based on the sensitivity analyses. The posterior probability distributions of the parameters were calculated using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method based on Bayesian calibration approach. In order to validate the applicability of the above method, it was used to quantify the uncertainties of the important models based on the FLECHT-SEASET experiment, and to propagate the quantified uncertainties to the cladding temperature. In addition, the result of the sensitivity analysis of the FOM obtained by FDA analysis was compared with two traditional FOMs, which were the integral of the difference between the sampling calculation results and the experimental values, and the peak cladding temperature (PCT), respectively. The results show that it is difficult to obtain an accurate ranking of model importance when using PCT as FOM. This approach can accurately identify the key constitutive models in transient processes, and the propagation calculation results can well envelope the experimental values.

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fly Ash Comprehensive Utilization is the property of Hebei Fly Ash Comprehensive Utilization Magazine Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics is the property of Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hardening soil model with small strain stiffness (HSS model) can reflect the nonlinear characteristics and stress correlation of the small strain phase in soil, which has been widely used in deep foundation pit. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the parameter determination methods owing to the model parameters. Sensitivity analysis of HSS model parameters was carried out by numerical simulation method. Based on a large number of statistical research results, the nonlinear relationship between soil parameters and void ratio was established and verified by deformation analysis in two deep foundation pit projects. The results show that the sensitivity of the reference dynamic shear modulus was the highest and the sensitivity of the reference tangent modulus was the lowest in the numerical analysis of the foundation pit, the established nonlinear relationship could better reflect the correlation between the soil modulus and the void ratio, and there was a good agreement between the calculated and measured values of the enclosure lateral displacement, which verified the applicability of the proposed parameter determination method and could provide reference for related projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Machine Tool & Hydraulics is the property of Guangzhou Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (GMERI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition) is the property of Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering is the property of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Integrated Intelligent Energy is the property of Editorial Department of Integrated Intelligent Energy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to explore the influence of weak structural plane parameters on the dynamic response characteristics of slope under earthquake action. In this paper, the slope of an open-pit mine in Yunnan province is taken as the research background. The finite difference software is used to simulate the rock slope. A series of numerical simulation experiments are designed by the control variable method. The peak acceleration curve of the monitoring point in the elevation direction and the surface direction of the slope and the peak acceleration value are used to explore the influence of the change of the structural surface parameters on the dynamic response of the rock slope. Based on the orthogonal test and the range analysis method, the sensitivity analysis of the structural plane parameters affecting the dynamic response of the rock slope is carried out, and then the influence degree of each influencing factor on the dynamic response of the rock slope is ranked from large to small: structural plane cohesion> structural plane dip angle>structural plane internal friction angle>structural plane thickness. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the disaster prevention and control of rock slopes with weak structural planes under earthquakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Engineering Geology / Gongcheng Dizhi Xuebao is the property of Journal of Engineering Geology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Atomic Energy Science & Technology is the property of Editorial Board of Atomic Energy Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] The objectives of this study are to assess the influence of soil, topography, and crop parameters on the simulation accuracy of aboveground biomass and losses of nitrogen and phosphorus in tea gardens using the DNDC model, to identify the most sensitive parameters for each model output, and to provide guidance for calibrating the model. [Methods] Based on the data of tea garden plot in the Tianmu Lake Basin and DNDC model, qualitative Morris method and quantitative Sobol method were applied to carry out sensitivity analysis on the simulated aboveground biomass, nitrogen and phosphorus loss (including nitrogen and phosphorus leaching and nitrogenous gas emissions) and water leaching of tea garden, and to evaluate the sensitive parameters of each output. The uncertainty of model output was quantified by Monte Carlo method. [Results] The most important parameter affecting aboveground biomass is the grain fraction of total biomass at maturity, the most important parameter affecting nitrogen leaching is soil clay fraction, the most important parameter affecting phosphorus leaching is soil bulk density, the most important parameter affecting water leaching is slope gradient, the most important parameter affecting N2O emission is the initial soil organic carbon (SOC) content, and the most important parameter affecting NO emission and NH3 emission is soil pH value. Among the output results, the uncertainty of phosphorus leaching loss is the largest, and the coefficient of variation is 43.84%. The uncertainty of water leakage is the least, and the coefficient of variation is 2.36%. Compared with Sobol method, Morris method is convenient and time-saving, while Sobol method is accurate and comprehensive. The correlation comparison of parameter sensitivity ranking obtained by the two methods is 0.86, which has certain substitutability. [Conclusion] Before calibrating the model, it is advisable to employ the Morris method for preliminary identification of sensitive parameters and subsequently utilize the Sobol method for precise quantification. This approach enables efficient and accurate screening of the model′s sensitive parameters. Based on this premise, the correction of sensitive crop parameters is prioritized while keeping non-sensitive parameters fixed, followed by addressing sensitive soil parameters. The results of this study can provide scientific support for the localization of DNDC model and improve the simulation accuracy and efficiency of the tea garden ecosystem in the Tianmu Lake Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green power trading has become a concerted global action to address climate change and promote green and low-carbon transformation, and its effect on carbon emission reduction in China's power sector is becoming increasingly pronounced. Exploring the development of China's green power trading market and assessing the impact of green power trading on the electricity market can promote the construction of a new type of power system and help realize the goals of reaching peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, one of the important economic hubs and urban agglomerations in China, fully launched green power trading in 2021. The study of green power participation in the electricity market in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region can provide experience and policy references for the development of China's green power market. Therefore, this study analyzed the coupling mechanism between the green power trading market and the electricity market, proposed a non-cooperative game model considering the coupling between the two markets as well as a system dynamics model, and analyzed the impact of green power trading on the behavioral decisionmaking of market players and on the electricity market in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The results showed that: 1 The proportion of green power generation affected the behavioral decisions of market players, and increasing the proportion of green power generation increased the profits of green power manufacturers and power grid enterprises and reduced the profits of thermal power plant operators and the cost of power purchases by electricity users. 2 Without considering the scenario of purchasing electricity from outside, feed-in tariffs for green and thermal power were on a downward and then upward trend; the green power installed capacity under construction and generation capacity were increasing, and the green power feed-in was estimated to account for about 63% of the total power in 2030; and the thermal power installed capacity under construction showed a rising, then falling, then rising trend. However, its rate of increase was smaller than that of green power. 3 Considering the scenario of purchasing electricity from outside, the green and thermal feed-in tariffs would decrease; thermal power generation would increase from January 2021 to April 2024, while thermal power generation would decrease from May 2024 to December 2030; green power generation would increase from January 2021 to April 2029 and decrease slightly from May 2029 to December 2030. The sensitivity analysis of purchased power revealed that increasing purchased power had a weakening inhibitory effect on thermal power in the region and promoted green power development. Based on the above conclusions, this study puts forward the following policy recommendations: accelerating the transformation of the power supply structure and promoting the changing roles of green power and thermal power in the power market; adjusting the pricing model of thermal power and promoting the multi-dimensionalization of electricity value; and encouraging inter-provincial and inter-regional green power trading to accelerate the construction of a unified national electricity market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rock avalanche flow is one of the most dangerous geological disasters in mountainous areas of China. Piers in mountainous areas are often cracked, inclined, or even collapsed by the impact of rock avalanche flow, which brings serious safety hazards to the construction and operation of bridges in mountainous areas. The impact of rock avalanche flow on double-column piers is simulated using a three-dimensional numerical simulation method linked with discrete element method (DEM) and finite element method (FEM). The chute test validates the accuracy of coupling method, and further analysis is done to determine how the impact slope, distance, and volume density of the rock avalanche flow affect the impact force of piers. The results show that the maximum impact force increases in the form of a power function with a power index great than 1 as the impact slope increases, and increases in the form of a power function with a power index less than 1 as the distance increases. The bulk density grows linearly with the greatest impact force. The sensitivity values of the impact slope, distance, and volume density of the rock avalanche flow to the maximum impact force are 3.012, 0.202 and 0.804, respectively. The impact slope and volume density should be taken into consideration while preventing and managing bridge rock avalanche flow disasters. A comparison between the numerical simulation value of the impact force and the anticipated value of the hydrodynamic model shows that the theoretical formula of the hydrodynamic model can accurately predict the maximum impact force on the pier, and the maximum prediction error is less than 23.6%. The relevant research results can provide some references for the prevention and design of rock avalanche flow disasters in mountain bridges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Railway Science & Engineering is the property of Journal of Railway Science & Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power / Reneng Dongli Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aiming at the voltage fluctuation problem caused by indirectness and uncertainty in new energy power generation system, the backstepping control strategy is firstly applied in electric spring (ES) system, and an ES backstepping control strategy with command filtering is proposed. According to the mathematical model of ES, the controller is designed by backstepping method and command filter is added to solve the computational inflation problem in ES backstepping control. Meanwhile, the error compensation signal is designed, and the stability of the system is verified by the Lyapunov stability theory. The effect of ES on critical load (CL) voltage stabilization is simulated when the grid-side voltage of the new energy power generation system fluctuates, and the sensitivity analysis of different system parameters to the control strategy is discussed in this paper. Compared with traditional proportional integral (PI) control, the dynamic response speed of CL voltage is improved by 0.07 s, while the CL voltage distortion rate is reduced by 31%. In parameter sensitivity analysis, the maximum deviation rate of CL voltage is 0.318%. Meanwhile, the maximum voltage amplitude fluctuation range that it can withstand is increased by 52.9 V. It is verified that the control strategy proposed in this paper has the advantages of fast response, low harmonic content and strong anti-interference ability.

The iterated fission probability (IFP) method and Contributon-linked eigenvalue sensitivity/uncertainty estimation via track-length importance characterization (CLUTCH) method are commonly used by many Monte Carlo codes for the sensitivity analysis of k-eigenvalue to continuous-energy nuclear data. The memory consumption of the IFP method is huge and the CLUTCH method is proposed to reduce the memory usage of the IFP method. However, it's hard to tally sufficiently-converged importance weighting functions for the mesh-based CLUTCH (CLUTCH-Mesh) method for large-scale problems, such as AP1000 whole core problem, subsequently reducing the accuracy of sensitivity coefficients calculated by the CLUTCH method. Therefore, the function expansion tally (FET) was used to tally importance weighting functions in the CLUTCH (CLUTCH-FET) method in this paper. Legendre polynomial was selected as the basic function of FETs and both segmented FETs with low orders and the global FET with the high order were implemented. During the tally process of FETs, the spatial locations of particles should be projected into domains of definition firstly, and then the tally scores of function expansion coefficients were obtained and accumulated. By averaging function expansion coefficients among inactive cycles, the FET was finished. The FETs were used for both ancestor fission neutrons distribution in original generations and the averaged progenies of the ancestor fission neutron in asymptotic generations. Based on the method mentioned above, the IFP, CLUTCH-Mesh and CLUTCH-FET methods were implemented in Monte Carlo code NECP-MCX. The verifications were conducted among Godiva, Flattop and AP1000 whole core problems by comparing the sensitivity results of CLUTCH-Mesh method, CLUTCH-FET method and the IFP method, whose results were selected as the reference. The numerical results indicate that for small-scale problems, such as Godiva and Flattop problems, the CLUTCH-Mesh and CLUTCH-FET methods are able to calculate the sensitivity results with the same high precision as the IFP method. In addition, the tally efficiency of CLUTCH-Mesh method equals to that of the CLUTCH-FET method and the tally efficiency of these two methods are significantly higher than that of the IFP method. For large-scale problems, such as the AP1000 whole core problem, large bias exists between the sensitivity results of the CLUTCH-Mesh method and those of the IFP method because very large number of particles are needed to obtain sufficiently-converged importance weighting functions. However, the CLUTCH-FET method remains high accuracy and tally efficiency for large-scale problems. The FOM (figure of merit) values of the CLUTCH-FET method can be increased by 5.2 and 6.0 times when compared to those of the IFP method and the CLUTCH-Mesh method, respectively. Therefore, the CLUTCH-FET method is recommended for sensitivity calculation of large-scale problems. Segmented FETs with low orders are more recommended than a global FET with high order to avoid under-fitting or over-fitting problems.